US2483479A - Wide continuous slotted nozzle metal scarfing blowpipe apparatus - Google Patents

Description

OCL 4, 1949- H. T. SMITH ET AL 2,483,479

WIDE CONTINUOUS SLOTTED NOZZLE METAL SCARFING BLOWPIPE APPARATUS Filed Nov. 6, 1947 3 Sheets-Sheet l /fff l I v a, 3 755 jm EZ ,if-*5; 10g

l5 INVENTORS [44 [52 3 [6 fg] gggzufg'gg/Z'LLER H .J1 EDWARD ME//vc/E (jig. JoH/v Ko/ ooy f BY www@ ATTORNEY Oct. 4, 1949. H. T. SMITH ErAL 2,483,479

WIDE CONTINUOUS sLoTTED NozzLE METAL SCARFING BLowPIPE APPARATUS Filed Nov. 6, 1947 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEY 0f 4, 1949- H. T. SMITH ETAL 2,483,479

WIDE CONTINUOUS SLOTTED NOZZLE METAL SCARFING BLOWPIPE APPARATUS Filed Nov. 6, 1947 3 Sheets-Sl'xeel 3 h )h f INVENTORS HUGH T. .5M/TH ARTHUR l? scf/ELLE@ EDWARD ME/NCKE JOHN KOLODY g4 ATTORNEY Patented Oct. .4, 1949 WIDE CONTINUOUS SLOTTED NOZZLE METAL SCARFING BLOWPIPE AP- PARATUS Hugh T. Smith, Chicago, Ill., and Arthur P. Scheller, Union, Edward Meincke, Summit, and John Kolody, Basking Ridge, N. J., assignors to The Linde Air Products Company, a corporation of Ohio Application November 6, 1947, Serial No. 784,406

6 Claims. (Cl. 15S-27.4)

This invention relates to improvements in metal scari'lng blowpipe devices of the wide path type disclosed, for example, in Patents 2,267,405 and 2,356,197.

In the past unremitting eilorts have been made to producea metal body scarng device which discharges, between adjacent rows of oxy-fue1 gas flames, cutting oxygen in the form of a relatively wide, dat stream for the purpose of inhibiting the formation of ridges as well as grooves in the resulting scarfed work. While it is theoretically possible to design a nozzle to discharge a stream of this type into an open space under ordinary atmospheric conditions of temperature and pressure, nevertheless, due to the severe conditions met with in actual scarfing practice, it has been practically impossible heretofore to accomplish the desired result.

Factors such as backwash of the cutting oxygen stream, the extremely small space between the nozzle and the Work, the extremely high ternperature to which the working end of the device is exposed, the corrosive and erosive nature of the adjacent gases, and the critical location, size and shape of the preheating and oxidizing gas ports, all adversely aect any theoretical nozzle design. Experimental scarng heads, furthermore, are expensive to design and build, and dangerous to test.

The main object of this invention is to provide a practical and improved blowpipe device for desurfacing or scarilng steel bodies with preheating llames and oxidizing gas with a relatively wide cut in such manner that the resulting scarfed surface is substantially flat and free of ridges and grooves, which blowpipe device is efilcient and practical, and can stand up under the severe conditions met with in actual thermochemical metalworking operations. Another object is to provide an improved cutting oxygen nozzle for scarring or desurfacing work. A further object is to provide an improved head for such work. Other objects Will be clear to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the following disclosure.

According to the invention there is provided a ferrous metal body thermochemical scarilng maminating in individual outlet ports in the face of the head. The composite inclined upper surface of the burners is located at right angles to such face. A at, rectangular parallelopiped oxidizing gas nozzle is seated on such inclined upper surface of such burners.

Such nozzle member has a at elongated passage of constant width, to the inlet end of which a series oi' oxidizing gas supply passages communicate to deliver oxidizing gas under pressure. Such flat passage is provided with elongated wedge-shaped partitions, dividing the opening into a series of generally parallel oxidizing gas conduits of substantially equalA size, which, by virtueof the shape of such partitions, merge within the passage back of a common outlet therein, so that the individual oxidizing'gas streams flowing through such conduits expand and merge prior to their discharge from said common outlet and forman improved substantially at common scarfing stream of oxidizing gas located above and substantially` parallel to the preheating flames formed by the gas discharged from said outlet ports in the burners.

A generally triangular prismatic cover is mounted on the oxidizing gas nozzle. Such cover has a bottom recess in which are iltted a plurality of dat, rectangular, upper preheating flame burners each of which has a series of substantially parallel preheating gas paths extending through an edge portion thereof and terminating in individual outlet ports in the face of the head, adapted to discharge gas jets which form preheating flames located above and generally parallel to the scarflng stream of oxidizing gas. A battery of gas conduits in the base and cover, respectively, conduct a combustible mixture of combustible gas, such as acetylene, and combustion supporting gas, such as oxygen, to gas distribution paths in the burners.

A novel releasable clamp including a. plurality of springs is arranged to resiliently compress the oxidizing gas member and burners between the cover and base, and at the same time, resiliently urges an oxidizing gas supply passage battery member toward the rear face of the head, so that the parts can expand, when heated in use, without breakage, and can be readily disassembled for cleaning and repair or replacement. Novel and eicient cooling means are also provided in the cover and base to prevent overheating of the nozzle and burners in use.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a'view mainly in side elevation of metal scarng blowpipe device illustrating the invention;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of such device;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on line 3 3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary view in front elevation of the head;

Fig. 5 is a detail section taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 3, showing a, burner gas inlet;

Fig. 6 is a detail in section of the outlet of a burner gas passage;

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary sectional and plan view taken, in part, on line 'I--l of Fig. 3;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary view in front elevation of the oxidizing gas supply pipe battery member;

Fig. 9 is a detail in section of the oxidizing gas nozzle taken on line 9-9 of Fig. '7; and

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary perspective view of a portion of a steel body which has been scarfed by apparatus embodying the invention. Thermochemical desurfacing with the conventional type of deseaming nozzle, either flat or round, produces a scarfed surface on the work that is ridged or grooved. For many years the need has been felt for a desurfacing unit which would produce a nat surface on the work with neither ridges nor grooves. Much original Work has been conducted to develop such a unit, which resulted in the present invention. Tests with steel blooms and other shapes indicate that the invention produces ilat cuts or surfaces of good quality over a wide range of operating conditions, and with efficiencies better than those obtained with the conventional nozzles.

A field trial of the flat continuous slot deseaming unit of the `invention proved that'it is possible and practicable to obtain therewith a smooth at surface, practically free of ridges and grooves on ferrous metal bodies. The present unit also is capable of continuous operation under severe operating conditions.

As shown in the drawing, the illustrated scarfing machine M includes a floating frame F located, in this caseabove the work W which is moved along va horizontal path under the machine M during the scarfing operation, although the machine may be positioned to scarf any other or all surfaces of the work in one pass. Mounted on the frame F is a vertical bracket I0 to which the head H is attached by bolts I2. The frame F and bracket I0 may be of conventional construction well known to those skilled in the art of scarng steel with oxygen, but the head H illustrates a preferred modification of the present invention.

The head H comprises,` in general, a base I4 and a cover I6 between which are releasably clamped a rectangular parallelopiped cutting oxygen nozzle I8 and upper and lower preheating iiame burners 2U and 22, the nozzle being sandwiched between the burners. The base I4 is suitably shaped for attachment to the vertical bracket I0 by the bolts I 2, and for overhanging positioning above the work W, the horizontally extending portion of the base being provided with wear or bearing members 24 of hard metal which are adapted to ride on the scarfed upper surface of the work W.

The base I4 comprises a suitably shaped shoe 26 to which the wear members 24 are attached, and a main member 28 of generally L shape which is secured to the bracket III. The shoe 26 is secured to the main member 28 of the base I4 by a tongue and groove t at 29 and screws 30|.

the latter being located adjacent opposite ends of the head. The forward portion of the member 26 is provided with cooling water passages 30 in the region of the nose 32 of the scarng head H for the purpose of inhibiting overheating of the metal head in the intensely hot reaction zone directly in frontof the scarng head.

The main member 28 ofthe base is provided with a series of gas passages 34 to the inlets of each of which is attached a nipple 36, the nipples being connected by pipes 38 to any suitable source of gas under pressure. A conventional source of this type includes, for example, a mixer connected to a source of combustion supporting gas such as oxygen under pressure and also to a source of combustible gas under pressure, such as acetylene, there being a mixer connected to each pipe 38. A mixture of oxygen and acetylene is preferred, since this produces a very hot preheating llame.

Each gas passage 34 leads to a chamber 40, Fig. 5, provided in a suitable annular insert 42 which is seated in a correspondingly shaped recess 44 near the rear end` of the inclined upper surface 45 of the main member 28 of the base. A plurality of flat burners 22 composed of metal such as Mallory metal are mounted on the face 45 in a recess 48 of the member 28, the burners being fitted on the face 46 in the recess 48 in side by side relationship. Each burner is provided with a series of parallel preheating llame gas passages 50, Fig. 6, which extend through the front edge portion and terminate in individual outlet ports in the face 52 of the head H, each port being provided with an individual tip 54 inserted therein.

The burners 22 are provided with a rear transverse gas distribution passage l5G, and a front gas distribution passage 5B. The passages 56 and 58 are connected by longitudinal side passages B0 so that the gas is distributed substantially equally to each of the tips 54 in the individual burners.

A gas-tight packing 62 is disposed between the insert 42 and the burner 22 to prevent the leakage of gas between the burner and member 28, the packing 62 being located in an annular recess provided therefor in the burner 22.

The cutting oxygen nozzle I8'is mounted om. the top of the lower burners 22 in an offset54 of the recess 48 in the member 28 of the base, and consists of a hollow box-like member 65 composed of relatively thin metal such as Mone] metal, having substantially parallel top and bottom walls 66 and 68, as Well as substantially parallel side walls 'I0 and 'I2. The cutting or scarfing oxygen nozzle member 65 is, in general, in the form of a hollow rectangular parallelopipecl.

Elongated wedges 14 of solid metal such as stainless steel having substantially parallel top and bottom surfaces are fitted in the corresponding surfaces of the hollow member 65, the wedges being secured in place to the top and bottom walls 66 and 68 of such member by rivets 16, as shown in Fig. 9. This construction prevents the wedges from becoming loose and shifting or falling out of the structure when the metal parts are subjected to the intense heat of the scarng operation.

The wedges 14 substantially are equally spaced in the nozzle I8, thereby partitioning the hollow member 65 into substantially equally sized and shaped cutting oxygen conduits I8 which extend from the rear toward the front of the nozzle. The sharp ends of the wedges terminate upstream with respect to the front 82 of the nozzle I8, so that the individual cutting oxygen streams,

after flowing through the conduits 18, all merge laterally within and prior to discharge from a common outlet 84 which is unrestricted, so that a wide at stream of cutting oxygen is discharged from the nozzle, which stream results in improved scarflng of the work W.

The rear end of the nozzle I8 is provided with ilanges 86 which engage the rear edges of the base member 28 and the cover member I6. A cutting oxygen supply pipe battery member 88 is provided with a recess 90 in which the rear end of the nozzle I8 is seated, a gasket 82 being disposed between the member 88 and the rear surface of the members 28 and I6 to provide a hermetic seal for preventing the leakage of any cutting oxygen. The battery member 88 ls provided with a series of holes 88 in each of which is secured the outlet end of an oxygen supply pipe 94, the pipes 84 being connected'to any suitable source of -oxygen under pressure. A suitable slide valve and an oxygen manifold, not shown, proved to be useful for this purpose.

The oxygen supply pipes 84 are preferably arranged so that a plurality of such pipes supply each of the conduits 18 in the nozzle I8 with cutting oxygen. In' the illustrated embodiment of in a recess 88 provided therefor in the cover I6 in a somewhat similar manner as the lower burners 22 are mounted in the base member 28, gas being supplied to the upper burners 20 through pipes |00, nipples |02, and passages |04 in the cover I6. The upper burners 20 are similar to the lower burners 22, as are the corresponding parts of the cover I6. The opposite ends of the base member 28 are provided with upstanding tongues |06 lwhich t corresponding grooves |08 in the opposite ends of the cover I6. This tongue and groove connection permits the laminated parts to expand when heated, but prevents such parts from moving transversely of the connection. The flat, rectangular burners 20 and 22 are secured to the cover I6 and base member 28, respectively, by countersunk screws and II2.

The cover I6 is provided with cooling water passages I I3 located near the nose 32 of the head H to prevent overheating of the parts in use. The above described parts of the head are releasably clamped together, under adjustable spring tension, by a novel clamp C mounted on arms II4 which extend forwardly from opposite ends of the upright part ||6 of the' base member 26. An arbor ||8 is mounted at vits opposite ends in the arms II4. and carries a plurality of clamping rockers which are free to move rotationally on the arbor 8, the latter being secured from turning in the arms I4 by a screw |22 threaded through one of the arms ||4 and engaging a at |24 on the arbor.

Each of the' clamping 'rockers |20 is provided with a depending rear linger |26 which engages the rear surface of the cutting oxygen supply pipe battery member 88, under the force of a coiled compression spring |28 which operates on a piston |30 mounted in each clampingmember |20 for limited longitudinal movement. The initial position of the piston is adjustable with respect to the clamping member by a container barrel |32 which is screwed through a suitable, opening in the clamping member. Each piston acts on an abutment |34 on the cover I6, permitting the parts of the head to expand when heated, without falling apart, yet effectively holding them together when the apparatus is in use.

The cover I6 is provided with'a readily removable protective hocd |36 for the forward portions of the clamp C, which hood is secured to the cover by screws |38, and has openings |40 for the arms |20, so that the hexagonal tops |4I of the screw barrels |32 are exposed for convenient connection with a wrench, whereby the spring pressure of the clamp C can be adjusted as desired. The hood |86 protects the forward portions of the clamp from the slag and direct heat-of the desurfacing operation.

The internal water cooling systemof the illustrated head includes a cold water inlet |42 and hot water outlet |44 for the base I4. The water is supplied from a suitable source under pressure and flows from inlet |42 through passage |46 in member 28, then cross passage |48, through passage |50, through the cross pipe connection |52, passages 30, in series, and nnally out of outlet |44. The cover I6 similarly is provided with a cooling water inlet |56, passage |58, cross connection |60, passages II3, in series, and an outlet |62. The passages 30, ||3 near the nose of the head are formed by parallel grooves in the cover and base, which grooves are covered by plates |64, |66 whichl are welded in place in suitable recesses provided therefor, so that the plates are ush with the surfaces of the cover and plate which contact the opposite surfaces of the upper and lower burners. Thus, a maximum heat transfer is established betweenA the metal parts, and the cooling water, so that overheating is etlciently avoided, especially in the nose 32 of the head.

Operation of the illustrated apparatus is, in general, similar to that described in Patent 2,356,197. The work W is moved to the right, Fig. 3, on a suitable conveyor, as preheating flames andcutting oxygen are discharged from the head H obliquely against the top surface of the work, producing a scarfed surface S which is fiat and entirely free of grooves and ridges, due to the continuous stream of cutting oxygen resulting from the new nozzle I8. For narrow widths of work the unnecessary oxygen and gas supply passages and` burners are shut-oir, as in Patent 2,392,806, by closing the valves (not shown) provided for this purpose.

We claim:

1. A scarflng head comprising, in combination, a at cutting oxygen nozzle, a plurality of fiat preheating flame burners' between which said nozzle is sandwiched, a base and a cover containing said nozzle and burners therebetween, a cutting oxygen supply passage battery member disposed back of said nozzle and overlapping the rear surface of said base and cover, an oxygen sealing gasket disposed between said battery member and said rear surface, and a clamp act'- ing to resiliently compress said parts, said clamp comprising arocker pivoted to said base, said rocker having a nger engaging said battery member, and a compression spring disposed between said rocker and said cover which resiliently urges said cover toward the base and turns the finger so as to urge the battery member toward said nozzle.

2. In a scarring blowpipe head, the combination sages communicating with said nozzle, there be,-

ing a series of parallel cutting oxygen supply p/assages supplying each of such ways in the nozzle, whereby a ribbon-like stream of cutting oxygen is discharged from said common outlet.

3. A wide continuous slotted metal scarng oxygen nozzle consisting of a hollow rectangular expand laterally and merge prior to their discharge from saidA common outlet and form a substantially flatr common scarfng stream of oxidizing gas/above and substantially parallel to the preheang flames formed by the gas discharged/from said outlet ports in the lower llame burner, a plurality of nat upper ame burners mounted onsaid nozzle, each of said burners having a seriesoi substantially parallel preheating gas paths extending through an edge portion thereof and terminating in individual outlet ports adapted to discharge gas jets which form preheating flames above and generally parallel parallelopiped member composed of relatively thin metal having substantially parallel top and bottom walls, as well as substantially parallel side walls, and elongated wedges of solid metal having substantially parallel top and bottom surfaces fitting the corresponding surfaces of the hollow member, means securing said wedges in place with respect to said hollow member, such wedges being substantially equally spaced and arranged within said hollow member to provide equally sized and shaped cutting oxygen passages which extend Irom the rear toward the front of the hollow member, the sharp ends of the wedges terminating upstream with respect to the front .of said hollow member, so that the individual cutting oxygen streams all merge laterally within and prior to discharge from a common outlet which is unrestricted, and means providing a plurality of oxygen supply passages connected to the inlet end of each of said passages for delivering substantially equal amounts of cutting'oxygen thereto.

4. In a thermochemical scaring machine head, a rectangular parallelopiped nozzle having an elongated nat passage of constant width extending therethrough, and a series of long gradually taperedv4 wedges located Within such opening in substantially parallel equally spaced relation, said wedges forming separate substantially equally sized and shaped elongated oxidizing gas conduits which merge into a common unrestricted outlet adjacent the front end of said nozzle, and means having a series of oxidizing gas supply passages connected to the inlets of each of said conduits and adapted to supply oxidizing gas equally to such conduits, so that such gas flows therethrough and merges to form a wide and flat common scarng stream of oxidizing gas upon discharge from such common orifice.

5. A thermochemical scarng "machine head comprising, in combination, a generally triangular prismatic base, a plurality of ilat lower ame burners mounted on said base, each of said burners having a series of substantially parallel preto said scarng stream, a cover mounted on said upper flame burners, and a releasable clamp including a plurality oi springs arranged to resiliently compress said nozzle and burners between said cover and base, so that the parts are free to expand when heated in use.

6. A scarng head comprising, in combination, a base of generally L-shape having a horizontal prismatic portion adapted to extend over the work as it is scarfed and a vertical portion adapted to be attached to the frame of a scarf- J'ng machine, the vertical portion having forwardly projecting arms at the sides thereof, and the horizontal portion having upwardly project- `ing tongues at the sides thereof, an arbor supported by said arm, at least one flat multi-flame lower burner mounted on the inclined upper surface of the horizontal portion of said base, a flat cutting oxygen nozzle mounted on the inclined upper surface of said lower burner, at least one nat multi-name lower burner mounted on the inclined upper surface of said nozzle. a prismatic cover mounted on the inclined upper surface of said upper burner, said cover having downwardly opening grooves tting said tongues, a cutting oxygen supply passage battery member disposed over. the inlet end of said nozzle, clamps journalled to said arbor having dependent ngers, and coiled compression springs disposed between said clamps and the cover which resiliently compress the parts between the cover and base and also cause said ngers to press said cutting oxygen supply passage battery member toward said nozzle, a gasket disposed between said battery support and said nozzle for sealing the parts to prevent oxygen leakage, said upper andy lower burners having gas inlets coinciding with gas outlets in the adjacent flat surfaces of the base and cover, and gas supply pipe nipples connected .to the rear of said base and cover and communicating with said gas outlets by suitable gas passages in the cover and base, respectively, the arrangement being such that said burners produce a row of gas flames above and below a heating llame gas paths extending through an edge portion thereof `and terminating in individual outlet ports in the face `of said head, a rectangular parallelopiped nozzle member seated o n said lower darne burners, said nozzle member having a nat elongated passage of constant section, a series of oxidizing gas supply pipes connected to the inlet end of such passage, said passage being provided with wedge-shaped partitions dividing the passage into a series of parallel oxidizing gas conduits of equal size, which, by virtue of the shape and location of such partitions, merge Within the passage back of a common outlet therein, so that the individual oxidizing gas streams owing through such conduits nat stream of cutting oxygen which is discharged by said nozzle, and the parts can expand when heated due to the resulting scariing operation, without breaking or falling apart REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Jones Aug. 22, 41944 Number

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