US2476971A - Electron discharge apparatus of the velocity modulation type - Google Patents

Electron discharge apparatus of the velocity modulation type Download PDF

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Publication number
US2476971A
US2476971A US476465A US47646543A US2476971A US 2476971 A US2476971 A US 2476971A US 476465 A US476465 A US 476465A US 47646543 A US47646543 A US 47646543A US 2476971 A US2476971 A US 2476971A
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plates
electron discharge
conducting
resonators
cavity
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Expired - Lifetime
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US476465A
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English (en)
Inventor
Fremlin John Heaver
Foulkes Christopher Henry
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International Standard Electric Corp
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International Standard Electric Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/02—Tubes with electron stream modulated in velocity or density in a modulator zone and thereafter giving up energy in an inducing zone, the zones being associated with one or more resonators
    • H01J25/10—Klystrons, i.e. tubes having two or more resonators, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the stream is modulated mainly by velocity in the zone of the input resonator
    • H01J25/16—Klystrons, i.e. tubes having two or more resonators, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the stream is modulated mainly by velocity in the zone of the input resonator with pencil-like electron stream perpendicular to the axis of the resonators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/02—Tubes with electron stream modulated in velocity or density in a modulator zone and thereafter giving up energy in an inducing zone, the zones being associated with one or more resonators
    • H01J25/06—Tubes having only one resonator, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the modulation produced in the modulator zone is mainly velocity modulation, e.g. Lüdi-Klystron
    • H01J25/08—Tubes having only one resonator, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the modulation produced in the modulator zone is mainly velocity modulation, e.g. Lüdi-Klystron with electron stream perpendicular to the axis of the resonator

Definitions

  • an electron .discharge device of :the -velocity :mo'dulation ctype comprises a cavity resonator system having a plurality ofresonant cavitiesand a conducting path coupling at'least two of isaidresonant cavities .and an antenna mounted within vthe .enyelope of said device and in electricalcontact with said path so as to berexcited by said system.
  • the electron discharge .device as 'will beepparent to those'skilledointhe-art may be .of. the simple-cavity resonator reflected beam type. or. of the type having twor or .more cavity resonators with a beamsniferingv reflection :orv not.
  • Theantenna may alsoucomprise a single rod antenna. .or a dipole antennaoranyother shape which. pro- .duces 1 the type of electromagnetic wave :it ,is desired. to set' up and transmit.
  • Theelectronrdischarge apparatus is. particularly adapted for use with waveeguides or with .other:cavity.resonators to which the output from .t'hBfBlGCtIOII discharge device may-be fed,, for exa-inple to amixing, cavity device as the superheterodyning frequency for, receiving ultraghigh frequency wavesto give an intermediate frequency.
  • connection 1 to the - di,p01e ,is made rat :or: in; the w'vicinity of ;a voltage antinodal :point in: opposite phase to the first-point.
  • the plates of the chamberstructurel together with the plates I3, l4 and I5 are heldrtogether by bolts I8 (Fig. 1) formed on the plate l5v or otherwise provided and by nuts l9 screwed on the'ends of the bolts.
  • the whole structure is mounted on the base of a U-shap'ed member through which pass two of the bolts l8.
  • This member i1 is then securedto two supporting pillars secured in the press oi the envelope.
  • a lead-in wire is connected to one-of'these supportin pillars and to a pinin the base, so that'a potential may be applied tothe resonator structure.
  • the electrodes-; 6', and 8' have also lead-in wires connected to respective pins in the base in a manner usual in electron discharge devices.
  • the cathode 1 heater pins has no connection. 7
  • the envelope of the apparatus comprises a main'body portion 20, provided with the press and securedin'th base in well knownmanner.
  • theend or a wave guide or of a cavity resonato'r-orother similar device to-which it is desired-to feed the ultra high frequency electromagnetic waves is placed over the end of the envelope to make electrical contactwith the plate 22 which may be provided with apertures or other suitable means for securing the wave guide or resonator thereto.
  • a rod antenna has been shown in the drawings, it will be understood as already pointed out hereinbefore that other 'forms' of antenna may b'e'used 'depending'upon the type of wave it is desired to transmit.
  • other constructions of resonant chamber systems and other velocity modulation devices may be used in carrying out the invention.
  • other suitable supporting means may be provided for the antenna, but'any mica parts used must be 7 arranged as in the abovedescribed example so While the embodiment given by way of example has been describedas an oscillator, it will be 'understood'that the electron discharge apparatus according to the invention may take on other functions, for example as an amplifier.
  • An electron discharge device of the velocity modulation type comprising a plurality of cavity resonators, conducting means forming a common external wall for at least two of said cavity resonators and providing an electrical conducting path externally of the cavities of said resonators and coupling said two resonators together, and an antenna external to said cavity resonators and mounted' directly on said conducting means at a point in said external conducting path so as to be excited by said system.
  • An electron discharge tube of the velocity modulation type comprising an evacuated envelope, a cavity resonator system' in the form of a block built up of a series of apertured plates forming a plurality of. cavity' resonators, conducting means forming a'commonexternal wall be excited by the electric waves on said conduct- 7 ing means, said antenna being enclosed within said evacuated envelope;
  • An electron discharge d'eviceiof the velocity modulation type comprising a cylindrical 'ev'a'cu ated envelope, a cavity resonator system having a plurality of cavity resonators o'fcylindric'al form mounted within said envelope with'tl'ieir axes parallel to the axis of said envelope; conducting means forming a common external wallfor at least two of said cavity resonator-s and providing an electrical conducting path'superfic'ial'to said system coupling said' two resonators together, and an antenna external to said cavity resonators and mounted within" the envelope of said device and directly on said'conducting'm'ea'ns so as to be excited by the electrical waves occurring on said'conducting means,
  • An electron discharge device of the'veloeity modulation type comprising an' evacuated enity resonators of uniformtransverse' sections along the respective linear longitudinal, axes, said axes being parallel to' each Iother each having alo'ngitudinal aperture in the wall thereof 7 parallel to the respective longitudinal aperture in the wall thereoFpa'r'allel to the respective n tudinal of said resonators means for Pie-deems b am o trons o Substantially rectangular transverse section and for directing said beam past said apertures in turn, a conduct: ing plate arranged transversely with respect to said resonators forming an external end wall f" nowadays
  • An electron discharge tube according to claim 2 further comprisilli a metallic member sealed into the wall of the evacuated envelope making electrical contact with the block, where-. by the, tube may be conveniently mounted in a transmission system and the block may be er a.
  • An electron discharge, device according to l i 5 fur h r pa as te a metallic n ith sealed into the wall 8f the evacuated envelope; and ns ra s l e iect t sel between said member-and the walls ofisald cavity resonators whereby the device, be conveniently ee te ra ate lei9.. e. 9at de and sa arthed ardin t ith thegreater seeiie arall to e l te inel te 4 'e rb.
  • discha ge ev e e na m d ie il t ne QIF l cavity system havinga plural y; of cavity resonators built u from a staclg oi ⁇ like apertured conducting plates and coupled together by means of the conducting path provided by an end plate, means for producing a beam of electrons and for directing said beam with its greater transverse dimension parallel to the depth of said stack, slots in said conducting plates for coupling the resonators of said system to the electron beam, and an antenna external to said stack and mounted directly on said end plate so as to be excited by the electrical waves occurring on said path.
  • An electron discharge device further comprising a metallic annular member sealed into the wall of the evacuated envelope, means making electrical contact between said member and said stack of like apertured conducting plates, said means comprising a conducting plate having an aperture through which said antenna passes, whereby the device may be conveniently coupled to radiate into a load device and said stack may be earthed.
  • An electron discharge device of the velocity modulation type comprising a. resonating cavity system having cavities of uniform cross sections along their respective linear longitudinal axes and gaps connecting said cavities with a beam gap, said system comprising a stack of thin metal stampings having apertures therein s a ed, to rr spo o th desired ross see tim of t e on n a ie and s ots correspend g to th a s and t e end.
  • An electron discharge device further comprising an annular metallic member sealed into the wall of; the evacuated en velope, means making electrical contact between aid mem e nd id s ac o metal stampnss er b t e dev c may be. conveniently equ led to d at in o a load ev and said stack may be earthed.
  • Anleetrqn, discharge device to claim, ,5 pr s ng; ur her condu tin plates preferably of high heat resistance having like apertures to those in the first mentioned plates but no slots, said further plates being interleaved between said first mentioned plates in the stack with their apertures inv alignment with the aper-- tures 'insaid first mentioned plates, said further plates forming a grid on the beam path.
  • An electron discharge device further comprising an anular metallic member sealed into the wall of the evacuated envelope, means making electrical contact between the stack of conducting plates and said member, whereby the device may be conveniently coupled to radiate into a load device and said stack may be earthed.
  • An electron discharge device of the velocity modulation type comprising a plurality of like conducting plates each having a plurality of apertures in alignment and slots connecting said apertures to the edges of said plates, half the number of said plates being stacked one upon another so that corresponding apertures of said plates are in alignment forming a cavity resonator and the corresponding slots are in alignment, the other half of the plurality of plates being formed into a like stack forming a cavity resonator, means retaining the two stacks in fixed relative positions with corresponding slots directly opposite each other and with a space to form a beam gap between said stacks, a conducting end plate closing one end of each said resonator, a source of a beam of electrons adjacent to said stacked plates, means arranged adjacent to'thebeam path for directing said beam along said beam gap with its greater transverse dimension parallel tothe depth of the stack, and an antenna, external "to said cavity resonators and mounted in contact with the said end plate so as to be excited by theelectrid waves occurring on said end plate. 7'
  • An electron discharge device comprising further conducting platesfof high heat resistance having like apertures to those in the'first mentioned conducting plates but no slots and located relatively to each other asare the apertures in the two assembled stacks, and slots connecting the apertures'of 'a'p'air'in said further conducting plates correspondin'g'to a pair of apertures on either side of said beam gap and immediately opposite each other, said further plates being interleaved between the conducting plates of the said two stacks with their apertures in alignment with corresponding apertures in said stacks and forming a grid across the beam gap.
  • An electron discharge device comprising two'stacks of like apertured conducting plates positioned to leave a beam gap therebetween for the passage of an electron beam, the apertures in said plates forming'cavities of uniform cross section'along' the depths of the stacks and longitudinal slots consta'clz,'and anantenna mounted on and, in contact with'the end'pl'ate of at least one stack so asto be excited.
  • An electron discharge device further comprising an-annular metallic member sealedinto-the wall ofthe evacuated envelope: an internal conducting 'plate mounted on the antenna end of said stack, making electrical contact between said stack and 'saidannular member, an aperturein saidint'ern al con- 1 ducting plate through which the said antenna passes,- and'a conducting plate external to the evacuated envelope and having an; aperture therein; the periphery of said aperture making electrical contact with said annular metallic member, whereby the device fmay be conven iently coupled to radiate into'a loa'd device and said'st'acksmay be earth'ed, l" m l r J OHNHEAVER FRENILIN. v I

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US476465A 1942-02-19 1943-02-19 Electron discharge apparatus of the velocity modulation type Expired - Lifetime US2476971A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2222/42A GB582937A (en) 1942-02-19 1942-02-19 Improvements in electron discharge apparatus of the velocity modulation type

Publications (1)

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US2476971A true US2476971A (en) 1949-07-26

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Country Status (5)

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US (1) US2476971A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE475127A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES176090A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR939413A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB582937A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2582045A (en) * 1947-01-04 1952-01-08 Gen Electric Tunable velocity modulated electron discharge device
US2855543A (en) * 1953-04-30 1958-10-07 Gen Electric Microwave beam transmitter

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0739684A1 (en) * 1993-04-26 1996-10-30 Fuji Oozx Inc. Wheel truing device

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1661830A (en) * 1928-03-06 Electron-discharge device
US1684947A (en) * 1922-06-23 1928-09-18 C H F Muller Rontgenrohrenfabr Vacuum discharge apparatus
US1879544A (en) * 1928-04-09 1932-09-27 David Shlaifer Electron discharge device
US2063342A (en) * 1934-12-08 1936-12-08 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron discharge device
US2128236A (en) * 1934-10-19 1938-08-30 Meaf Mach En Apparaten Fab Nv Vacuum discharge tube
US2163589A (en) * 1935-06-20 1939-06-27 Pintsch Julius Kg Electron tube
US2190511A (en) * 1938-03-01 1940-02-13 Gen Electric Ultra short wave system
US2202380A (en) * 1936-08-27 1940-05-28 Telefunken Gmbh Confined or space resonance antenna
US2289984A (en) * 1940-07-12 1942-07-14 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Air cooler for power tubes
US2298949A (en) * 1940-04-20 1942-10-13 Int Standard Electric Corp Radial form ultra-high frequency tube

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1661830A (en) * 1928-03-06 Electron-discharge device
US1684947A (en) * 1922-06-23 1928-09-18 C H F Muller Rontgenrohrenfabr Vacuum discharge apparatus
US1879544A (en) * 1928-04-09 1932-09-27 David Shlaifer Electron discharge device
US2128236A (en) * 1934-10-19 1938-08-30 Meaf Mach En Apparaten Fab Nv Vacuum discharge tube
US2063342A (en) * 1934-12-08 1936-12-08 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron discharge device
US2163589A (en) * 1935-06-20 1939-06-27 Pintsch Julius Kg Electron tube
US2202380A (en) * 1936-08-27 1940-05-28 Telefunken Gmbh Confined or space resonance antenna
US2190511A (en) * 1938-03-01 1940-02-13 Gen Electric Ultra short wave system
US2298949A (en) * 1940-04-20 1942-10-13 Int Standard Electric Corp Radial form ultra-high frequency tube
US2289984A (en) * 1940-07-12 1942-07-14 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Air cooler for power tubes

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2582045A (en) * 1947-01-04 1952-01-08 Gen Electric Tunable velocity modulated electron discharge device
US2855543A (en) * 1953-04-30 1958-10-07 Gen Electric Microwave beam transmitter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE475127A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB582937A (en) 1946-12-03
ES176090A1 (es) 1947-01-16
FR939413A (fr) 1948-11-15

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