US2470792A - Noncorrosive hydraulic fluids - Google Patents

Noncorrosive hydraulic fluids Download PDF

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Publication number
US2470792A
US2470792A US770960A US77096047A US2470792A US 2470792 A US2470792 A US 2470792A US 770960 A US770960 A US 770960A US 77096047 A US77096047 A US 77096047A US 2470792 A US2470792 A US 2470792A
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per cent
noncorrosive
hydraulic fluids
tri
compositions
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US770960A
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Schlesinger Walter
Becher Paul
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M3/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on lubricating components other than mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use as lubricants; Use as lubricants of single liquid substances
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/02—Water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/08—Aldehydes; Ketones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/042—Metal salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a new class of compositions of matter which are useful as hydraulic fluids or as de-icing fluids for aircraft.
  • this class of compositions comprises substantially anhydrous, homogeneous solutions of small amounts of liquid aliphatic ketones in alkyl phosphoric ester; the corrosiveness of the esters toward metals being inhibited by the presence of the liquid ketones.
  • One object of the invention is to provide a nonfreezing, fireproof hydraulic fluid which is harmless to most common metals.
  • Another object is to provide an improved deicing fluid which is both fireproof and non-freezing and which is harmless to most common metals.
  • Another object is to provide compositions of matter useful as specified above which are substantially harmful to magnesium castings or forgings.
  • phosphoric esters which we may employ are trimethyl, tri-ethyl, tri-N-propyl, tributyl; tri-amyl and tri-octyl.
  • ketones which we may employ are acetone, methyl-ethyl, di-iso-butyl and methyl-iso-butyl. Any ketone or any mixture of ketones may be used as an inhibitor for any of the above phosphoric esters. We prefer di-iso-butyl ketone as an inhibitor since it has the greatest inhibitory effect on cor: rosion and because it has the lowest volatility.
  • the choice of alkyl phosphoric ester is governed by the metal with which the composition will come in contact and by the function of the fluid.
  • tri-ethyl phosphate solutions appear to be least satisfactory with aluminum, tri-butyl phosphate with iron and trioctyl phosphate with copper. With magnesium, the only satisfactor solutions appear to be those containing tri-ethyl phosphate. These may contain up to 2 per cent of water.
  • inhibitors are not necessary. At such temperatures we prefer however to use the inhibitors as fluidity-conferring or Viscosity-reducing agents so that the anhydrous phosphoric esters will flow through tubing. Otherwise some of these esters would-be too viscous. At higher temperatures, however, uninhibited compositions have marked corrosive effects.
  • the amount of the ketone that is to be added to the phosphoric ester ranges from 0.5 per cent to 2.0 per cent by weight. While the presence of more ketone may be permissible to meet viscosity requirements and go as high as 5 per cent, still 1 per cent is the preferred amount and is sufiicient to meet anti-corrosion requirements except as in the exceptional cases of individual metals as stated above. It is preferred that the solutions be anhydrous, although the presence of 1 per cent of water will do no harm except in the case of steel, particularly when it is cadmium-plated. Water up to 2 per cent aids the passivating action of these inhibitors on magnesium.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Description

Patented May 24, 1949 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE NONCORROSIVE HYDRAULIC FLUIDS Walter Schlesinger, Chicago, Ill., and Paul Becher, Brooklyn, N. Y.
No Drawing. Application August 2'7, 1947, Serial No. 770,960
2 Claims.
The invention described herein may be manu factured and used by or for the Government for governmental purposes without payment to us of any royalty thereon.
This invention relates to a new class of compositions of matter which are useful as hydraulic fluids or as de-icing fluids for aircraft. Broadly stated, this class of compositions comprises substantially anhydrous, homogeneous solutions of small amounts of liquid aliphatic ketones in alkyl phosphoric ester; the corrosiveness of the esters toward metals being inhibited by the presence of the liquid ketones.
One object of the invention is to provide a nonfreezing, fireproof hydraulic fluid which is harmless to most common metals.
Another object is to provide an improved deicing fluid which is both fireproof and non-freezing and which is harmless to most common metals.
Another object is to provide compositions of matter useful as specified above which are substantially harmful to magnesium castings or forgings. W
We do not intend to convey the idea that all of our compositions are harmless to all of the common metals, since this is not true. It is true, however, that each one of our compositions is harmless to a substantial number of the common metals. One subdivision of our new class of compositions is substantially harmless to magnesium objects.
Among the phosphoric esters which we may employ are trimethyl, tri-ethyl, tri-N-propyl, tributyl; tri-amyl and tri-octyl. Among the ketones which we may employ are acetone, methyl-ethyl, di-iso-butyl and methyl-iso-butyl. Any ketone or any mixture of ketones may be used as an inhibitor for any of the above phosphoric esters. We prefer di-iso-butyl ketone as an inhibitor since it has the greatest inhibitory effect on cor: rosion and because it has the lowest volatility. The choice of alkyl phosphoric ester is governed by the metal with which the composition will come in contact and by the function of the fluid.
Of the liquids tested, tri-ethyl phosphate solutions appear to be least satisfactory with aluminum, tri-butyl phosphate with iron and trioctyl phosphate with copper. With magnesium, the only satisfactor solutions appear to be those containing tri-ethyl phosphate. These may contain up to 2 per cent of water.
At low temperatures, i. e., 32 F. or below, there is no corrosion problem; inhibitors are not necessary. At such temperatures we prefer however to use the inhibitors as fluidity-conferring or Viscosity-reducing agents so that the anhydrous phosphoric esters will flow through tubing. Otherwise some of these esters would-be too viscous. At higher temperatures, however, uninhibited compositions have marked corrosive effects.
The amount of the ketone that is to be added to the phosphoric ester ranges from 0.5 per cent to 2.0 per cent by weight. While the presence of more ketone may be permissible to meet viscosity requirements and go as high as 5 per cent, still 1 per cent is the preferred amount and is sufiicient to meet anti-corrosion requirements except as in the exceptional cases of individual metals as stated above. It is preferred that the solutions be anhydrous, although the presence of 1 per cent of water will do no harm except in the case of steel, particularly when it is cadmium-plated. Water up to 2 per cent aids the passivating action of these inhibitors on magnesium.
The solutions described are fireproof and substantially non-corrosive to the common metals, except as noted.
We claim as our invention:
1. A composition of matter consisting of per cent to 99.5 per cent of triethyl phosphate and 0.5 per cent to 5 per cent by weight of di-iso-butyl ketone.
2. A composition of matter consisting of 95 per cent to 97.5 per cent of triethyl phosphate, 0.5 per cent to 5 per cent by weight of di-iso-butyl ketone and Water up to 2 per cent by weight.
WALTER SCHLESINGER. PAUL BECHER.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date J 1,898,564 Muench et al Feb. 21, 1933 2,130,080 Evans Sept. 13, 1938 2,273,781 Hewlett et a1 Feb. 17, 1942 2,410,608 Morgan Nov. 5, 1946 2,415,161 Camp Feb. 4, 1947 2,430,058 H Klaber Nov. 4, 1947
US770960A 1947-08-27 1947-08-27 Noncorrosive hydraulic fluids Expired - Lifetime US2470792A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2659699A (en) * 1949-07-28 1953-11-17 Lockheed Aircraft Corp Hydraulic fluid of polyhydric alcohol and trialkyl phosphate
DE1100852B (en) * 1958-01-02 1961-03-02 Bendix Corp Transparent dampening liquid for display instruments
US3513097A (en) * 1965-12-23 1970-05-19 Monsanto Co Functional fluid compositions
US3718596A (en) * 1970-02-16 1973-02-27 Monsanto Co Functional fluid compositions
US5205951A (en) * 1987-06-30 1993-04-27 Chevron Research And Technology Company Phosphate ester-based functional fluids containing an epoxide and a compatible streaming potential-inhibiting metal salt

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1898564A (en) * 1928-11-14 1933-02-21 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Hydraulic brake fluid
US2130080A (en) * 1936-08-19 1938-09-13 Shell Dev Inhibition of peroxide formation in aliphatic ethers
US2273781A (en) * 1938-01-08 1942-02-17 Monsanto Chemicals Means for transmitting heat and power
US2410608A (en) * 1942-03-02 1946-11-05 Cities Service Oil Co Hydraulic liquid having a comparatively small change in viscosity
US2415161A (en) * 1945-04-19 1947-02-04 Standard Oil Dev Co Prevention of corrosion
US2430058A (en) * 1944-06-08 1947-11-04 Quaker Chemical Products Corp Mineral oil rustproofing composition

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1898564A (en) * 1928-11-14 1933-02-21 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Hydraulic brake fluid
US2130080A (en) * 1936-08-19 1938-09-13 Shell Dev Inhibition of peroxide formation in aliphatic ethers
US2273781A (en) * 1938-01-08 1942-02-17 Monsanto Chemicals Means for transmitting heat and power
US2410608A (en) * 1942-03-02 1946-11-05 Cities Service Oil Co Hydraulic liquid having a comparatively small change in viscosity
US2430058A (en) * 1944-06-08 1947-11-04 Quaker Chemical Products Corp Mineral oil rustproofing composition
US2415161A (en) * 1945-04-19 1947-02-04 Standard Oil Dev Co Prevention of corrosion

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2659699A (en) * 1949-07-28 1953-11-17 Lockheed Aircraft Corp Hydraulic fluid of polyhydric alcohol and trialkyl phosphate
DE1100852B (en) * 1958-01-02 1961-03-02 Bendix Corp Transparent dampening liquid for display instruments
US3513097A (en) * 1965-12-23 1970-05-19 Monsanto Co Functional fluid compositions
US3718596A (en) * 1970-02-16 1973-02-27 Monsanto Co Functional fluid compositions
US5205951A (en) * 1987-06-30 1993-04-27 Chevron Research And Technology Company Phosphate ester-based functional fluids containing an epoxide and a compatible streaming potential-inhibiting metal salt

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