US2458945A - Electric discharge tube comprising electrodes secured to rods - Google Patents

Electric discharge tube comprising electrodes secured to rods Download PDF

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Publication number
US2458945A
US2458945A US641302A US64130246A US2458945A US 2458945 A US2458945 A US 2458945A US 641302 A US641302 A US 641302A US 64130246 A US64130246 A US 64130246A US 2458945 A US2458945 A US 2458945A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
rods
glass
rod
discharge tube
electric discharge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US641302A
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English (en)
Inventor
Janssen Johannes Cornelis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
Original Assignee
Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hartford National Bank and Trust Co filed Critical Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2458945A publication Critical patent/US2458945A/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/46—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the ray or beam, e.g. electron-optical arrangement
    • H01J29/82—Mounting, supporting, spacing, or insulating electron-optical or ion-optical arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J19/00—Details of vacuum tubes of the types covered by group H01J21/00
    • H01J19/42—Mounting, supporting, spacing, or insulating of electrodes or of electrode assemblies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J19/00—Details of vacuum tubes of the types covered by group H01J21/00
    • H01J19/42—Mounting, supporting, spacing, or insulating of electrodes or of electrode assemblies
    • H01J19/46—Mountings for the electrode assembly as a whole
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J21/00—Vacuum tubes
    • H01J21/36—Tubes with flat electrodes, e.g. disc electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2893/00—Discharge tubes and lamps
    • H01J2893/0001—Electrodes and electrode systems suitable for discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J2893/0002—Construction arrangements of electrode systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2893/00—Discharge tubes and lamps
    • H01J2893/0001—Electrodes and electrode systems suitable for discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J2893/0002—Construction arrangements of electrode systems
    • H01J2893/0005—Fixing of electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2893/00—Discharge tubes and lamps
    • H01J2893/0001—Electrodes and electrode systems suitable for discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J2893/0002—Construction arrangements of electrode systems
    • H01J2893/0005—Fixing of electrodes
    • H01J2893/0006—Mounting

Definitions

  • the rods are of glass, the electrodes being secured thereto by softening the glass and pressing the supporting members of the electrodes into the glass so that after cooling the glass the supporting members are rigidly fastened in it.
  • This construction has the drawback that asymmetrical deformations of the rods frequently occur, resulting in the e1ectrodes being slightly displaced relatively to each other. The exact centering of the electrodes then is destroyed and this may lead to all sorts of errors in the focusing of the ray, such as astigmatism.
  • the pressin of supporting members into glass may also involve the above-mentioned drawback, though constituting otherwise a very rigid method of fastening.
  • the present invention has for its purpose to provide a satisfactory fastening of electrodes and other internal parts of discharge tubes whilst avoiding this drawback.
  • the carrying members are provided with cavities containing a hardened mass in which supporting members of the fastened objects are set.
  • These supporting members may be rings or discs, between the surfaces of which the electrode system is arranged. They may also be rods as referred to in the preamble.
  • the fastening according to theinvention differs from that in' tubes with sealed glass rods in that the supports for the electrodes are not set directly into the material constituting the rods but arearranged in a filling mass provided in the cavities of the rods.
  • the groove at .the mouth is narrower than farther towards the interior.
  • the filling mass is better retained in the rod than' with a groove which at the mouth is widest or throughout equally wide.
  • the rods may have the shape of tubes having a longitudinal seam.
  • the rods should be made of a material having a high melting point or softening point, as quartz or if necessary hard glass. It is still better to utilize a ceramic material, as steatite or magnesium silicate. It is also possible to utilize metal rods having an insulating filling mass.
  • the filling mass might be constituted by materials which solidify by drying, as is the case with magnesium oxide mixed with water-glass, litharge or a similar material. Better results are obtained with an insulating, inorganic thermoplastic material, the use of which for fastening the internal parts of a discharge tube in general is suggested later in this description. Glass and enamel are excellently suitable materials for this purpose, since they excellently satisfy the conditions imposed by the circumstances under which they are used in this case.
  • the construction according to the invention offers the advantage that glass having a much lower softening temperature, as glass of lead borate, may be used for fastening, so that a less strong heating suflices and the electrodes are less attacked.
  • Tubes according to the invention may be manufactured by placing the objects to be secured on an assembly mandrel in the position which they have to occupy relatively to each other in the tube and placing on these objects the carrying members of which the cavities have been filled beforehand with a soft mass to be hardened later, the supports with which the objects are provided being pressed into the soft mass. Subsequently, the hardening process is carried out and, this being done, the assembly jig removed.
  • Filling materials which solidify by drying offer the advantage that at the moment when they are applied they are plastic at room temperature. This advantage may also be obtained with the use of glass or enamel.
  • the filling material may be deposited into the cavities of the carriers in the form of a pasty mass containing powdery glass and a mixing liquid.
  • the heating which is required if glass and similar plastic filling materials are used may be effected electrically when the carrying members are of metal, for example by means of a highirequency magnetic alternating field.
  • Metal rods may be heated electrically by means of direct con-- nection to a source of supply.
  • the invention provides also the possibility of electrical heating with carrying members of insulating material. Though the necessary heating may also be obtained with the aid of a gas flame or heat-radiating bodies, this involvesthe drawback that it is difficult to localize the heat so that all sorts of adjacent components are necessarily also heated.
  • the rods are provided with one or more additional grooves or longitudinal channels which have laid in them a conductor whichistraversed by an electric current. The joul'ean heat resulting therefrom in the interior of the rod easily penetrates as far as the filling mass without being impartedv to a. considerable extent. to. the further surroundings.
  • the heating has the efiect of driving out the mixing liquid and softening.
  • the grains of the powdery glass so as to flow together to form a tough homogeneous material.
  • the temperature must be so controlled as to prevent the soft material from flowing out of the cavities ordropping ofi.
  • the system is thensuited to be placed in the tube.
  • the rods may be provided with. twoor more fastening grooves so that a rod may serve tocarry more than one electrode system.
  • Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 are sectional views of carryingrods.
  • Fig. is a sectional view of the electrode system of a. tube according to the invention for two electronic rays.
  • Figs- 6: and. 7 are a longitudinal and a sectional view of an arrangement for electrically heating the rods.
  • the rod shown in Fig. 1 has a, simple rectangular shape, the cavity for the filling. material having also the form. of a rectangular longitudinal groove. In the case of rods having local cavities the latter may also extend throughout the rod.
  • the rod has the shape of a tube having a longitudinal. seam throughwhich. the supports for the. electrodes may be introduced into the. mass to be hardened.
  • This shape offers the advantage that. thefilling material does. not easilyescape.
  • the risk of escaping does not exist with a sufliciently careful treatment so that rods having cavities identical to that represented in Fig. 1 may be used aswell.
  • Fig. 3 shows a rod having two grooves beside each other, which is adapted to a tube with tworay ig- 4 also represents a rod for such a tube which is designed to be arranged between the two systems and for this purpose comprises a groove on each side.
  • the system shown in Fig. 5 utilizes two rods I and 2 of the type shown in Fig. 2 and two rods 3 and 4 of the type shown in Fig. 3.
  • the electrodes 5 and 6, which may have the form of cylinders or rings, are provided with supports in the form of thin metal rods 1 or strips of which the extremities are set in glass provided in the tubes [1 and 2v and in the rectangular grooves of the rods 3 and 4. The electrodes are thus fastened soas to be unmovable.
  • the glassv in the. form of powder mixed with a liquid suitable for the purpose, for example water or alcohol, to form a pasty material, is pressed into the grooves and, subsequent to the arrangement of the rods on the supports 1,
  • Figs- 6 and 7 represent twoholders- 3
  • These holders arev constituted by a copper bush II in which a piston I2 is placed. Between the piston ['2 and the bush H' is located a tube (3 of percelain or a similar material for the purpose of insulation. The bottom also is covered by an insulating plate M.
  • the piston l2; and the bush 1 l have fastened to them transverse arms i5 and Hi provided with holes H and 18.
  • a wire l9 which serves as a heating element is fastened in these holes by means of screws 20.
  • a compression spring 22 which keeps the wire l9- stretched maybe arranged in the space below the piston.
  • the piston i2 When the piston i2 is connected to one terminal and the bush H to the other ter minal of a source of electric current, the wire 19- is traversed by a current heating the wire whenthe current isof sufiici'ent intensity. According as the rods to be heated are longer or shorter the wire I9 is longer or shorter and the arms [5' and f6 are waced apart over a greater or smaller distance.
  • a plurality of holders may be arranged in such manner that the position of each holder correspondsto that of a rod.
  • the holders 3i and 32 are rotated by relatively to each other-and screwed to two rings 24 and 25, represented only in part, which may serve. also for the supplyof current.
  • the rings may also be of insulating material, which may be desirable. with a view to connecting the wires. in series with the aid of metal connecting pieces placed on the rings. This series connection ensures a uniform heating of all the wires and thus contributes to the symmetry of the electrode system.
  • the carrying rod 26 may be heated by the wire l9 clampedin the holder 3
  • This rod which is of insulating material, has two grooves, a. groove 2'!- into which fits the: wire t9 and a groove 28 which has placed in it the electrode supports indicated by dotted lines and which has deposited in it the pasty glass powder.
  • this glass powder is transformed into a homogeneous mass which solidifies later and. retains the electrode supports in the groove 28.
  • Fig. 7 shows in dotted lines an electrode having for example the shape of a cylinder and provided with four supports which are at right angles to each other.
  • This electrode may be secured to four rods, all four of which may be heated simultaneously.
  • four holders, each comprising a heating wire are united to form one assembly. After the elec trodes have been arranged in an assembly mandrel, these four holders, jointly with the fasten-- ing bolts 23, are pushed into the grooves 29 of the rings 24 and 25 so that the wires I9 lie in the grooves 21 and the extremities of the electrode supports lie in thegrooves 28, the wires and supports being then clamped with the aid of nuts.
  • the fastening rods may have a wholly closed channel as a lying-place for the heating wire. In this case a still smaller amount of heat gets lost but the mounting or dismounting of the assembly is effected less quickly, since each time the wires l9 have to be loosened and passed through the tubes.
  • the tube shown in Fig. 8 comprises within an envelope 40, a cathode 4
  • the cathode is supported by metal rods 4444 encircling the bottom of the cathode and having their ends secured within the cavity of the rods 4343.
  • the anode 43 is similarly supported by metal rods 4545 having their ends secured within the rods 4343.
  • An electric discharge tube comprising an envelope, a member substantially fixed in space relation thereto and having a tubular portion within said envelope, said portion being provided with a longitudinal cavity extending substantially along the entire length of said member and having an opening communicating with the space within said cavity, a hard filling material in said cavity, a supporting member having a portion thereof extending transversely into said cavity through said opening and aflixed in said material, and a tube element supported by said supporting member.
  • An electric discharge tube comprising an envelope, a member substantially fixed in space relation thereto and having a portion within said envelope, said portion having inner walls defining a longitudinal cavity extending substantially along the entire length of said portion and having a passageway communicating with the space outside said tubular portion, a hard filling material in said cavity and bonded to the walls of said cavity, a supporting member positioned to have a portion thereof extend transversely into said cavity through said communicating passage and affixed in said material, and a tube element connected to and supported by said supporting member.
  • An electric discharge tube comprising an envelope, a member substantially fixed in space relation thereto and having a tubular portion within said envelope, said portion having a longitudinal cavity extending substantially along the entire length ofsaid member and a transverse opening communicating with said cavity, a hardened inorganic thermoplastic filling material in said cavity, a supporting rod having'a portion thereof extending transversely into said cavity through said opening and aflixed in said material,
  • An electric discharge tube comp-rising an envelope, a rod-shaped carrying member within said envelope and fixed in space relationship thereto, said rod-shaped member having a longitudinal groove extending substantially along the entire length of said portion, a'hardened filling material in said groove and bonded to the said rod member, and a supporting member having a portion extending transversely into said groove and bonded to said bonding material, and a tubeelement supported by said supporting member.
  • An electric discharge tube comprising an envelope, a rod member fixed in space relationship to said tube and having inner walls defining a longitudinal cavity therein extending substantially along the entire length of said member and a longitudinal passageway narrower than said cavity and communicating with said cavity and the spaceoutside of said rod member, a hardened filling material within said cavity and bonded to said rod, and an electrode supporting member having a portion extending transversely through said passageway into said cavity and bonded to said material.
  • An electric discharge tube comprising an envelope, a rod within said envelope and fixed in space relationship thereto and having groove walls in heat exchange relationship, said walls defining two longitudinal grooves and one said groove having a longitudinal passageway extending substantially along-the entire length of said member and communicating with the space outside said rod, a hardened filling material in said one groove bonded to said Walls and an electrode supporting member having a portion extending transversely through said passageway into said one groove and bonded to said material.

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  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
US641302A 1942-03-18 1946-01-15 Electric discharge tube comprising electrodes secured to rods Expired - Lifetime US2458945A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL232765X 1942-03-18

Publications (1)

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US2458945A true US2458945A (en) 1949-01-11

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ID=19780066

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US641302A Expired - Lifetime US2458945A (en) 1942-03-18 1946-01-15 Electric discharge tube comprising electrodes secured to rods

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US (1) US2458945A (en(2012))
BE (1) BE449700A (en(2012))
CH (1) CH232765A (en(2012))
NL (1) NL59455C (en(2012))

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1047324B (de) * 1957-09-07 1958-12-24 Iapatelholdia Patentverwertung Elektronenroehre, bei welcher auf zwei Elektroden eine Zugspannung ausgeuebt wird

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2056035A (en) * 1934-09-01 1936-09-29 Gen Electric Electrode structure for metal tubes
US2089044A (en) * 1936-05-16 1937-08-03 Rca Corp Electron discharge tube
US2158845A (en) * 1937-04-14 1939-05-16 Gen Electric Cementing process
US2174853A (en) * 1937-08-26 1939-10-03 Hygrade Sylvania Corp Electron gun structure and method of assembly thereof
US2211602A (en) * 1938-05-23 1940-08-13 Gen Electric Electric lamp and similar device
US2212556A (en) * 1936-01-28 1940-08-27 Lorenz C Ag Method of manufacturing electric discharge tubes

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2056035A (en) * 1934-09-01 1936-09-29 Gen Electric Electrode structure for metal tubes
US2212556A (en) * 1936-01-28 1940-08-27 Lorenz C Ag Method of manufacturing electric discharge tubes
US2089044A (en) * 1936-05-16 1937-08-03 Rca Corp Electron discharge tube
US2158845A (en) * 1937-04-14 1939-05-16 Gen Electric Cementing process
US2174853A (en) * 1937-08-26 1939-10-03 Hygrade Sylvania Corp Electron gun structure and method of assembly thereof
US2211602A (en) * 1938-05-23 1940-08-13 Gen Electric Electric lamp and similar device

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1047324B (de) * 1957-09-07 1958-12-24 Iapatelholdia Patentverwertung Elektronenroehre, bei welcher auf zwei Elektroden eine Zugspannung ausgeuebt wird

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Publication number Publication date
BE449700A (en(2012))
NL59455C (en(2012))
CH232765A (de) 1944-06-15

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