US2458821A

US2458821A - Pump and stroke adjusting mechanism

Info

Publication number: US2458821A
Application number: US576180A
Authority: US
Inventors: Harry J Anderson; Milton V Hartman
Original assignee: Hills Maccanna Co
Current assignee: Hills Maccanna Co
Priority date: 1945-02-05
Filing date: 1945-02-05
Publication date: 1949-01-11
Anticipated expiration: 1966-01-11

Description

Jan- 11, 1949- `HJ.AND1-:vesoul ET A1.'` 2,458,821

PUMP AND STROKE ADJUSTING MECHANISM4 Filed Feb.' 5, 1945 :s sheets-sheet 1 Jam.A 11, 1949.

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PUMP AND STROKE ADJUSTING VMECHANISM Filed Feb. 5, 1945 A 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Jan. 11, 1949 PUMP AND STROKE ADJUSTING MECHANISM Harry J. Anderson and Milton V. Hartman, Chicago, Ill., assignors to Hills-McCanna Company, Chicago, Ill., a corporation of Illinois Appiication February 5, 1945, Serial No. 576,180

1s claims.

This invention relates to piston or displacement type pumps and to means for adjusting the stroke thereof.

An object of the invention is to provide a novel means for adjusting the stroke of piston or displacement type pumps.

Another object of the invention is to provide a piston or displacement type pump equipped with a hydraulic stroke adjustment means.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a novel pump capable of pumping two different liquids simultaneously in varying proportions.

Other objects of the invention will become apparent from the following description and drawings of which:

Figure l is a plan view with afragment in cross-section of the novel stroke adjusting device and pump;

Figure 2 is a vertical cross-section of the novel stroke adjusting device and pump taken on the line II of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is an enlarged plan view with a fragment in cross-section of the driving mechanism for the stroke adjusting device and pump;

Figure 4 is an enlarged vertical cross-section taken on the line 4-4 of Figure 2, showing the details of the inlet and outlet valves of the stroke adjusting device; and

Figure 5 is an enlarged horizontal cross-section through the `center of a clutch shown in Figure 1.

Figure 6 is an enlarged isometricv view of a roller and guide blocks forming part of the device.

VReferring to the drawings, the numeral I represents a casing in which all moving parts of the stroke adjusting device are enclosed with the exception of a portion of the crankshaft 3 which projects beyond the side of the casingk in order that it may be connected to a suitable source of power capable of imparting thereto rotary motion at the desired speed. The casing is provided with flanges 5 extending horizontally from the bottom of the casing, provided with holes 1 so that the casing may be bolted firmly to a suitable foundation. The casing is also provided with a drain plug 8 at the bottom of the side wall.

The crankshaft is rotatably supported by roller bearings 9 (Fig. 1) held in place between two sets of inner bearing races I I and outer bearing races I3. Inner cylindrical spacer I-5 and outer cylin-y drical spacer l1 are provided between the ltwo sets of inner and outer bearing races. The roller bearings and races are enclosed in a cylindrical housing I9 which is rigidly bolted to the side of the casing I by means of threaded bolts 2l,

which pass through suitable holes 23 in the ange 25 of the housing I9 and screw into threaded recesses tapped in the side of the casing in alignment with the holes 23. An end plate 21 having a circular opening in the center thereof to accommodate the shaft 3 is bolted to the housing I9 by means of threaded bolts 29 passing through holes 3| in the plate and adapted to be screwed into threaded recesses tapped in the housing in alignment with the holes 3|. A ring seal 33 adapted to fit in a recess in the end plate 21 provides a seal between the shaft 3 and the end plate to prevent leakage of oil.

The inner end of crankshaft 3 is rigidly fastened to crank 35. As is shown in Figures 1 and 3, a crankarm 31 is fastened to crank 35 eccentrically with respect to crankshaft 3. The crankshaft, crank and crankarm are preferably cast and/or machined as a single unit. The crankarm extends horizontally from the side of the crank opposite that to which the crankshaft is fastened. 'I'he crankarm 31 is adapted to rotate on roller bearings 39 held in place by inner bearing race 4I and outer bearing race 43. The races 4I and 43 are held in place between washers 45 by meansof a snap ring 41 which fits in an annular groove on the free end of the crankarm 31.

The outer bearing race 43 is confined between two spaced vertical rectangular plates 49 and 5I having hardened, machined surfaces. Each plate is fastened to the inside of a split cross-head 53l comprising the two halves 55 and l51 bolted together by means of four bolts 59 threaded at their ends to receive nuts 6I. Each plate 49 and 5I is fastened to its respective half of the cross-head by means of screws B3 and countersunk screws 64 adapted to pass through holes 65 in the plates 49 and 5I along the edges thereof and to screw into threaded recesses 61 tapped into each half of the cross-head. The plates 49 and 5I are drilled and the cross-head halves are tapped identically along both edges in order to permit them to be turned periodically and thereby equalize wear thereon. The crankarm 31 with the roller bearings 39 and bearing races 4I and 43 is adapted to reciprocate in a vertical direction between the plates 49 and 5I Each half 5-5 and 51 of the cross-head 53 is formed integrally with a horizontally extending cylinder 69 adapted to reciprocate in a bearing 1I held tightly in place in bore 13 in the end of the casing l. Passageways 15 are provided -to permit breathing and ingress and egress of oil to and from the space 16.

The stroke adjusting device and pump may be formed with two identicai counterparts, one on each side of the median line C-C for feeding a different liquid from each side. The unit shown in the drawingsJ is designed for single feed and hence only. the portion of the unit on the right side of they median line has been equipped with the necessary valves, plungers, adjusting mechanism, etC.

liquid the left half of the apparatus will` ber` a mirror image of the right half.

Referring now particularly to. Figures 2 and.4,. the cylinder 68, adjacent the. juncture witlrthev right half 51 of the crossehead hasrtvvo'ldia.-u

metrically Opposite threaded bores and 11 tapped therethrough to accommodateA inlet and outlet valves, indicated generally by the numerals 13 and 8|, respectively. The inlet or suction valve comprises the seat 83Y having a threaded stem 85 adaptedtobei screwed' into the bore 1'5 and'having an'axalpassageway 81", aV body 89 adapted to be screwedionto the outer end of the seat, 83 and lockediirrplace by nut 98, anda steel ball `9| The steerball is. preventedfrom rising'too high` and closing off passageway. 81 by means of* the pin 92I` extending acrossA the passageway a short distance'ab'ove the ball. The'body lhas an axial bore=93"t^erminati`ng short of ltheouter end'thereof` and a threaded" horizontal bore ii'from the out.- side to the bore 93'. An oil filter 91' is adapted to be-screwedint'o'thebore;95. The ball 9| closes the passageway through theu valve on the discharge'lstroke of the pump.

TheoutletA or discharge valve 8| comprises the seat99-having"the`threaded stem |81 adapted to bescrewed into the' bore Handhaving an axial passageway4 |03', a` body |05adapted to, be screwed onto theouter'end of the seat 99'and locked in place by nut |01, steelballs |89 andvv separated' thanthestem portion ofthe Tsliaped passagel wayy lil-51 The bore |1l accommodates aY plunger I9 having' a= smaller bottom' portion |28v which engages the .ball |Ii|. A roller |2|` is rotatably mounted in theplunger H8 adjacent the top thereof" with thev top of the roller extending beyond the *top ofthe plunger.

'The cylinder'lll is also provided; adjacent the juncture thereof `with the right half 5'1 of the cross-head, with' arelief` valve |22', composed of a body |23'y having a small T-sliaped passageway |24;l avk larger axialfbore |25L threaded at its outer endt'o'reeeive adjustable screw plug |26 held in position by1cotter pin |21', steel ball |28 and helical spring'l29" adapted'to-holdthe ball |28 on itsseat.

R-effrringnow t'o Figures' 1 and 2, a bracket |34* is boltedby means ofboltsv |35y to the side ofthe casing opposite theside-from which the cranksliaft 3 projects, at` a point adjacentA the top thereof and exactly alongl the median line CL-C.`

The bottom, left end |45. of the cam I4| is bevelled tofengage roller |2| and depress it.

A gear' |4i1` is rigidly mounted` on the stem |38v by means of set screw |49 against the inside wall ofthe casing, As is; apparent from. the drawing stem |38'cann'ot move in a horizontal direction.

A' ring'sealv |89 is provided between the casing and'sump to prevent leakage. The wall ISI of the sump-is provided with a horizontal bore co-axial with cylindery 69. A plunger |93 extends from cylinder' 69 through the bore in wall |9| into sump' |835 The plunger |93 is mounted to reciprocate-in a bushing |95 rigidly mounted in the endof" cylinder 69; The end |81 of the plunger isformed with an enlarged head of smaller diameter than cylinder 69 but adapted to abut against the ihner'end of bushing |95 at full stroke andf on the suction stroke of the pumping unit. Suitable ring seals |98 are placed in recesses in the bushingv |95 and wall |9| to prevent leakage. An annularrecess |99; connected to a passageway 2882 is provided in the sump wall between ring seals` |983' to permit oil to escape therefrom and thereby indicateif theseals are leaking.

Instead of formingl cylinder 69' with a narrow end providedwitli a bushing in which a plunger having an enlarged head is adapted to reciprocate, the cylinder 69 may be of uniform inside diameter and a piston may be snugly mounted in the cylinder to reciprocate. The piston will be connected to coupling 200"V by means of a connecting rod in the same manner as the plunger |93 shown in the drawing.

The end of plunger |93 extending into sump |83 is threaded as shown at 200 to receive a coupling 200". The coupling is rigidly fastened to the end of plunger |93 by means of set screw 200'". Coupling 200" is T-slotted as shown at 20| to receive coupling 203. Coupling 203 is provided with a threaded stem 205 on which is adapted to be screwed pump plunger or piston 201. Piston 201 is rigidly fastened to stem 205 by means of set screw 209. A pump body or cylinder 2| 0 is fastened to the end wall of sump |83 by means of studs 2I| mounted in the end wall 2|2 of sump |83, and nuts 2|3. The pump body is provided with a flange 2I5 4having a plurality of spaced holes in alignment with studs 2| I. A suitable ring seal 2 I1 is provided between the end wall 2 I2 and flange 2 I5 to prevent leakage. A throat bushing 2 I9 is rigidly mounted' in the pump body 2|0 in order to provide sliding surfaces for piston 201. A gland 22| is mounted at the end of the pump cylinder adjacent the sump. Gland 22| is held tightly in place by m-eans of studs 223, mounted in the end wall 2I2 of the sump, and nuts 225. The gland is provided with holes in alignment with studs 223 through which the studs can pass. Gland 22| provides sliding support for the piston 201. Suitable packing 221 is provided between the piston and pump cylinder to prevent leakage. A lantern ring 229 is provided between the piston 201 and pump body 2|0 to which lubricant is furnished by means of a screw, plunger-type lubricator 23|.

The outer end of the pump body is closed" by means of screw plug 233 and the body is provided adjacent its outer end with a threaded inlet 235 and a threaded outlet 231.

An angle 239 is bolted to the bottom of end wall 2|2 of the sump by means of Vbolts 24|. The angle 239 is provided with holes 243 to accommodate bolts 24| and with holes 245 to enablel the angle to be fastened to a foundation.

The bore 13 at the left end of casing I as r shown in Figure 2, is covered with lan end plate 241 held in place by studs and nuts, in the same manner as sump |83 on the opposite end of the casing. A ring seal 249 between the casing and end plate prevents leakage. It will be understood that when the left side of the unit is to be used to pump liquid the end plate is removed and replaced with a sump identical with sump |83. Bore 25| through which the adjusting stem will pass when the left side of the unitv is used, is plugged with a suitable expansion plug 253 when not in use.

Referring to Figures 2 and 6, mounted on they A guide roller 259 is mounted on a 1at-y against the surface of either bar as the crosshead reciprocates. The guide-bars and roller serve to keep the cross-head and cylinders 59 from turning.

Although the unit is shown as being open at the top, it may be supplied with suitable covers adapted to be screw fastened to the top of the casing and sump.

Theunit operates as follows: In the position shown in Figure 2 the pump is at the end of its discharge stroke with the stroke adjustment mechanism set for full stroke. Upon further revolution of crankarm 31 the cross-head 53 will bev forced to move to the left pulling with it plunger |93 and piston 291. The cylinder 59 is full of oil or other hydraulic fluid sucked in from the casing through valve 19. Since iiuid cannot escape from cylinder 59 through either valve 19 or 8| as long as cam Mil is in the position shown, lthe unit will continue to operate at full stroke unless pressure on the outlet of the pump during'discharge exceeds the pressure for which relief valve |22 is set. If this occurs fluid will escape from cylinder 69 through relief valve |22 as the cylinder completes its forward stroke but the forward motion of plunger |93 will stop. Upon the return stroke of the cross-head and cylinder 69, plunger E93 will remain stationary until the enlarged head |91 abuts against the end of bushing |55. The backward movement of cylinder 69 while plunger |93 remains stationary creates suction in cylinder 59, drawing oil into the cylinder from the casing through valve 19 until the cylinder is again filled with oil and is ready for its next forward stroke. Thus, if pressure in the delivery lines exceeds the pressure for which the relief Valve is set, plunger |93 will remain stationary while crosshead 5I and cylinder 59 continue to recipro cate through their full stroke.

Now assume that cam MI is shifted to the left either by means of the motor 55| or by manually turning handwheel |40. When the roller I2! abuts against the cam, the roller is depressed,r in turn depressing plunger H9 and ball |||.l The loading on spring lili is not sufficient to keep ball E09 seated under the pressure existing in cylinder 89 and consequently oil will escape from cylinder 69 through valve t i. Cylinder 59 will continue on its forward motion until the end of its stroke, but plunger I 53 will immediately stop. The roller |2| rides along the bottom surface of Cam I4I and keeps the valve open during the remainder of the discharge stroke. On the suction stroke ball 09 will immediately close valve 8| and thereby prevent suction of air into cylinder 69. On the return stroke cylinder 59 will iill with oil in the same manner described with respect to the operation of the relief valve.

It will be seen therefore that the farther cam IM is'rnovedV to the left the shorter will be the stroke of piston 201 and the less liquid the pump will deliver. The stroke of the pump can be adjusted from zero to full stroke.

Instead of using the check valve and cam mechanism shown and described, control of the stroke of the pump may be attained by substitutingtherefor a flow control valve which can be adjusted to bleed off any desired amount of hydraulic fluid from cylinder 69 during the forward stroke of the cylinder. Thus a longer or shorter piston stroke will be obtained as less or more uid is bled off.

Thus, stationary means is provided for adjustu ing the stroke of the pump or controlling the discharge therefrom: atianyipoint: during the stroke By operating. the' unit as a dual unitl withan pumpfconnected to each end of the cross-head; two different chemicalsor other liquid can be pumped by the unit and the delivery. of each chemical can be independently controlled'so that.-

anyY desired proportion'of the twocan be delivered.

It is claimed:

1. A. variable stroke device comprising. a reciprocable cylinder closed at one end,.aV plunger.

adapted: to reciprocatein said cylinder and ex.-v tending. beyondA the other end of said cylinden.

an inlet and an. outlet valve on saidA cylinder. for; admitting and. discharging liquid, meansA for Lilrewisait is preferred to maintain,

maintaining said outlet valve'in open or closed 30 positionz during any portion of: the stroke of said. cylinder, and means yfor reciprocating said.cylinderand plunger..

2;. A variable stroke device comprising a. reciprocable cylinder closed at one end, meansfor reciprocating said cylinder, a plunger reciprocably mountedin said cylinder and. extending beyond the other end. thereof, means for admit,-

tingv liquid to and. discharging liquid from said;

cylinder and means for controlling the volume of liquid discharged from said cylinder on. each delivery stroke thereof.

3. A variable stroke dev-ice comprisingj a reciprocable cylinder closed atione end, meansior reciprocating said cylinder, a plunger: ofl smaller diameter than said cylinder adapted to recipro cate therein and mounted to prevent leakage-ofliquidV from said cylinder, said plunger hav-ingr an end extending from the other end of saidthereof parallel tothe line of` motion ofA said.V

cross-head, a plunger slidably mounted in said cylinder with one end thereof extendingbeyond:

the other end of the cylinder', the internal diameter offsaid cylinder-being substantially greater than the diameter of said plunger except ad-v jacent the end from which the plunger'extends, means for admitting liquid to. and discharging. liquid from said cylinder, means for automatically opening said liquid discharge-meansfat. any pre determined point inthe stroke of said cylinden. a crank-arm` mounted. to rotate in saidy cross-I head. and to slide therein in a direction per-y pendicular to the direction in which the crosshead reciprocates, a crank tofwhich saidcrank.- arm. is fastened and a` crankshaft` fastenedto saidcrank.

81 5i A: stroke: adjusting. and; piston actuating' mechanismcomprising a cross-head, means for reciprocating said. cross-head, a pair of cylin.-v

ders closed-at; one end fastened to oppositesides v of said cross-head'Withfthe-axes thereof extend-v ing alongflines parallel to therdirection of reciprocation of the cross-head,` means for slidably supporting. s-aidcylinders, at least one of said cylinders havingmeans for admitting liquid thereto, andmeans for discharging liquid'therefrom; duringany predetermined portion of' the stroke thereof, and a1 plunger 'slidably mounted therein,

one end` ofi which plunger extending outside the,`

other end ofsaidv cylinder.

6; A- stroke. adjusting and, piston actuating mechanism comprising a cross-head, means for reciprocating saidicrossehead, a pairof slidablysupported cylinders closed at one end fastened to.- opposite sides.- of said cross-head with the.A axes thereof extending along linesv parallel with the direction'of reciprocation of said cross-head, aiplunger slidably mounted in each cylinder,l said plungers being substantially smaller inldiameter than the inside diameter of said cylinder except f at the end of said cylinders, said plungers ex-r tending outside thevother end'of said cylinders, means fork admitting. liquidy to said cylinders, means for automatically discharging liquid from said cylindersfdur-ing any portion ofy the stroke thereof and means for dischargingliquid from said cylinders when the pressure thereinreaches atpredeterminedr amount..

7'. An adjustable stroke pumping mechanismv comprising a stationary cylinder and a reciprocablecylinder, a. plunger slidably mounted insaid stationary cylinder and a plunger slidably mounted in said reciprocable cylinder said plungersbeing connected to'operate' as a unit, an. inlet andan outlet in said stationary cylinder, means to admit liquid to said reciprocable cylinder during itsv suction stroke, means to automatically discharge any predetermined amount of`liquid, from the` reciprocable cylinder during. its forward'stroke andmeans to impart reciproeating motion to said reciproeable cylinder.

8; Mechanism in accordance with claim 7 in. which tl'ieplunger. slidably mounted'in the re ciprocabl'ecylinder snugly tsvin the endo the. cylinder'but is ofl smaller diameter than the inside diameter of` that portion of the cylinder remote from the end from which the plunger protrudes and said plunger has an enlarged end inside the cylinder to enable the end of the cylinder to positively engage the plunger during the' suction stroke.

9'.' An'` adjustable stroke displacement pump comprises a pair of oppositely disposed stationary cylinders,- a pairV of oppositely disposedreciprocable cylinders closed. at one end, a, commonI means for imparting reciprocating motion to said reciprocable cylinders, a piston slidably mounted ineachof said stationary cylinders and a plunger slidably mounted in each of said reciprocable cylinders andi extending beyond the other end thereof', each of said reciprocablecylinders being of smaller internal diameter at its open end than throughout the remainder thereof and each plunger having an enlarged end inside the cylinder adapted to abut' against the narrow end off: the cylinder; the piston and plunger on each side of: thereciprocatingi means being connected" to. move as a` unit, means' on each reciprocable cylinder for: admitting liquid thereto during the.

sired amount of fluid therefrom during the discharge stroke.

10. A pump in accordance with claim 9 com. prising means for automatically discharging liquid from said reciprocable cylinders when the pressure therein reaches a predetermined amount.

11. A pump in accordance with claim 9 in which the means for automatically discharging any desired amount of uid from the reciprocable cylinders during the discharge stroke comprises a ball check valve mounted on each cylinder, a plunger engaging the ball in each valve and adapted to unseat the ball and open the valve when pressurev is applied to the plunger, and a separate movable cam adapted to engage each plunger at any selected point in the stroke of the cylinder whereby the stroke of each piston can be independently controlled.

12. A stroke adjusting device for a displacement type pump comprising a reciprocable cylinder open at one end, an element mounted toy reciprocate in said cylinder, said element extending through the open end of said cylinder, means for admitting liquid to the space between the closed end of said cylinder and said element during the suction stroke of the pump and means for controlling discharge of liquid from said cylinder at any time during substantially the entire delivery stroke of the pump.

13. A device for controlling the discharge from a displacement type pump comprising a reciprocable cylinder open at one end, an element adapted to reciprocate in said cylinder and extending through the open end of said cylinder, means for admitting liquid to the space between the closed end of said cylinder and said element during the suction stroke of said pump, means for optionally discharging liquid from said cylinder during the discharge stroke of the pump, and adjustable stationary means for opening said discharging means at any time during operation of the pump and thereby regulate the movement of said pump displacing element.

14. A stroke adjusting device in accordance with claim 12 in which said means for admitting liquid to said cylinder is a ball check valve and said means for controlling discharge of liquid from said cylinder comprises a ball check valve, a plunger adapted to be depressed against and unseat said last mentioned valve, and an adjustable cam for engaging and depressing said plunger at substantially any point in the stroke of said cylinder.

15. A stroke adjusting device for a displacement type pump comprising a horizontally disposed cylinder, an element extending beyond one end of said cylinder, mounted to reciprocate therein, means for reciprocating said element, means for transferring the reciprocating motion of said reciprocating means to the displacement element of said pump through a liquid medium, means on the lower side of said cylinder for admitting liquid to said cylinder during the suction stroke of said pump while preventing discharge of liquid during the discharge stroke and means at the top of said cylinder for controlling discharge of liquid therefrom at any time during substantially the entire delivery stroke of the pump while preventing intake of liquid or vapor therethrough during the suction stroke of the pump.

16. A device in accordance with claim 13 in which said adjustable stationary means is adapted to automatically open said discharging means at any selected point during the discharge stroke of the pump and said discharging means is adapted to automatically close at the end of the discharge stroke of the pump.

17. Mechanism for automatically discharging lluid from a reciprocating cylinder at any desired point in the stroke thereof comprising a valve mounted on said cylinder adapted to be normally held in closed position, an element one end of which engages said valve in such manner as to enable said valve to be opened upon exerting pressure on the end of said element opposite to that which engages the valve, and an elongated stationary cam adjustable in the directions of reciprocation of said cylinder adapted to contact and exert pressure on the said opposite end of said element during a predetermined portion of the stroke of said cylinder.

18. Mechanism in accordance with claim 17 in which the cam is mounted to travel on a stationary, rotatable stem threaded to engage threads on said cam.

HARRY J. ANDERSON. MILTON V. HARTMAN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,238,670 Holbrook Aug. 28, 1917 1,383,657 Noguera July 5, 1921 1,601,451 Burnett Sept. 28, 1926 1,650,377 Nixon Nov. 22, 1927 1,785,407 Tourness Dec. 16, 1930 1,867,470 Ponthieu July l2, 1932 1,922,264 Shiner Aug. 15, 1933 1,982,770 Tollison Dec. 4, 1934 2,006,572 Herrmann July 2, 1935 2,041,468 Grubbs May 19, 1936 2,343,962 Dodson Mar. 14, 1944 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 640,983 Germany 1937