US2457683A - Portable burner apparatus for generating and burning hydrocarbon vapor fuel - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 28, 1948. e. P. KlTTEL ETAL 2,457,683

PORTABLE BURNER APPARATUS FOR GENERATING AND BURNING HYDROCARBON VAPOR FUEL Filed Jan. 10, 1946 a Sheets-Sheet 1 lllnlu [$1 I, 1 a, I g

m w N N 2 INVENTOR.

Dec. 28, 1948. G. P. KITTEL ETAL 2,457,683

PORTABLE BURNER APPARATUS FOR GENERATING AND BURNING HYDROCARBQN VAPOR FUEL Filed Jan. 10, 1946' s Sheets-Sheet 2 UN Q N R R "v INVENTOR. if 3 472722 BY MAM 5f,

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4 G. P. KlTTEL ET AL PORTABLE BURNER APPARATUS FOR GENERATING AND BURNING HYDROCARBON IAPOR FUEL Dec. 28, 1948.

a sheets-sheet 3 Filed Jan. 10, 1946 INVENTOR.

650565 P/fifla ,1 BY 7%. Man 5 Mr Dec. 28, 1948- G. P. KlTTEL ET AL 2,457,683

PORTABLE BURNER APPARATUS FOR GENERATING AND BURNING HYDROCARBON VAPOR FUEL Filed Jan. 10, 1946 8 Sheets-Sheet 4.

v INVENTOR. 650%5774727225 BY 29p;

Dec. 28, 1948. G. P. KITTEL .ET AL 2,457,683

PORTABLE BURNER APPARATUS FOR GENERATING AND BURNING. HYDROCARBON VAPOR FUEL Filed Jan. 10, 1946 8 Sh sh 5 4&54153 W Dec. 28, 1948. e. P. KITTEL ET AL PORTABLE BURNER APPARATUS FOR GENERATING AND BURNING HYDROGARBON VAPOR FUEL Filed Jan. 10, 1946 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 INVENTOR. 60 6 BY 3704 WaL/va JYTZZORNEYS".

Dec. 28, 194

G. P. KlTTEL ETAL PORTABLE BURNER APPARATUS FOR GENERATING AND BURNING HYDROCARBON VAPOR FUEL 8 Sheets-Shet 7 Filed Jan. 10, 1946 INI'ENTOR. 65am? Mf ,5 BY 72% .h aM E P. KlTTEL ET AL PORTABLE BURNER APPARATUS FOR GENERATING Dec. 28, 1948.

AND BURNING HYDROCARBON VAPOR FUEL 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 Filed Jan. 10, 1946 [N V EN TOR. ZvRfEP/WrrA-Z i atented Dec. 28, 1948 PORTABLE BURNER APPARATUS FOR GEN ERATING AND BURNING HYDROCARBON VAPOR FUEL George P. Kittel, West New York, and Paul Wollner, Weehawken, N. J., assignors, by mesne assignments, to Aeroil Products Company, Inc.,

West New York, N. J.

Application January 10, 1946, Serial No. 640,208

Thisinvention relates to a burner apparatus for generating a combustible mixture of hydrocarbon vapor and air and for burning the same in a series of projected flame jets for consuming vegetation, sterilizing soil particularly seed beds, heating road surfaces and the like as the apparatus is towed or moved thereover.

The invention comprehends a burner apparatus of the indicated character which is mounted on Wheels or skids and is provided with a liquid fuel reservoir from which the liquid is fed to a vaporizing device and mixed with air to provide a combustible gaseous fuel which is burned under pressure in a series of downwardly projected flame jets as the apparatus is moved or towed for consuming stubble, weeds, brush, sterilizing soils and seed beds, and the like and for heating or melting tarvia surfaces in pavement or road construction.

The invention also provides a burner apparatus which is adjustable for regulating the pressure of the projected flame jets to thereby control the temperature and length of flame thereof.

The invention has for a further object the provision of a hand operated means located at the forward end thereof for regulating the height of the burner above the ground.

The invention further has in view the provision of a burner apparatus in which the liquid fuel is completely consumed by the burning of the combustible mixture and which provides an even distribution of the heat of the flame jets over the area to be heated while providing simplicity and reliability of operation together with a high safety factor.

With the foregoing and other objects in view reference is now made to the following specification and accompanying drawing in which is 11- lustrated the preferred embodiment of the invention.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a side view of a burner apparatus constructed in accordance with the invention.

Fig. 2 is a top plan view thereof with portions broken away to illustrate the underlying construction.

Fig. 3 is a rear end view thereof with portions broken away to illustrate the underlying construction.

Fig. 4 is a front view of the same.

Fig. 5 is a vertical sectionalview of the main burner taken approximately on line 55 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary longitudinal vertical sectional view through the main burner.

2 Claims. (Cl. 126-2712) Fig. '7 is a fragmentary bottom plan view thereof.

Fig. 8 is a side view of the pilot burner and vaporizing coil and housing therefor with parts broken away to illustrate the underlying construction.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged fragmentary plan view thereof.

Fig. 10 is a vertical sectional view takenapproximately on line |9I 0 of Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a diagrammatic view of the piping from the fuel drum or barrel to the pilot burner and main burner.

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view through the liquid fuel drum or barrel.

Fig. 13 is a top plan View of a modified form of main burner.

Fig. 14 is a view in elevation thereof.

Fig. 15 is a vertical sectional View taken approximately on line l5-l 5 of Fig. 13.

Fig. 16 is a bottom plan View of another form of main burner.

Fig. 17 is a View in elevation thereof Fig. 18 is an enlarged side View of the vaporized fuel and air mixing device showing the forward end of the mixing conduit in section.

Fig. 19 is a fragmentary side view of the nozzle and fuel line leading thereto.

Referring to the drawings by characters ofreference, the burner apparatus is mounted on a supporting frame A consisting of longitudinally extending channel shaped opposite side members In and II which are welded or otherwise connected to a rear end channel shaped member l2 and to transversely extending intermediate channel shaped members 13. The opposite side mem bers l0 and I I converge inwardly at the forward ends thereof with'the extreme forward ends secured together and provided with a forwardly and downwardly directed channel shaped bar M formed with aligned apertures IS in the opposite flanges thereof for selectively receiving a tow eye IS. The bar I4 is braced onweach side thereof by bars ll secured to the lower free end thereof and to the side members I0 and II respectively.

The supporting frame A is mounted on a car-' riage consisting of a transversely extending shaft 18 on which are journaled steel wheels l9 provided as desired with hard rubber or pneumatic treads and which shaft is bolted or otherwise aflixed to aligned V-shaped flat iron brackets 20 secured to and depending from the underside of the side members In and II and with vertically arranged channel shaped braces 2| welded or otherwise secured to the V-shaped brackets 20 3 medially thereof and to the underside of the side members It] and H.

A leg 22 provided with a caster 23 has its upper end slidably arranged in a sleeve 24 depending from the forward end of the side member H for supporting the forward end of the frame A when the apparatus is not in use and which leg is ,7

adapted to be retracted upwardly in the sleeve 26 and secured in elevated position by means of a pin or Wing screw (not shown) when the apparatus is coupled to a tractor or other motor power for towing the same.

The burner apparatus includes a fuel drum or barrel cradled between transversely extending angle bars 25 supported upon a sheet metal shield 21 to dispose the drum or barrel in elevated position above the shield to thereby provide an air space therebetween. A pair of longitudinally spaced channel bars 28 underlie the shield 21 and support the same and the drum or barrel 25 above the side members Ill and II of the frame A. The drum or barrel 25 is clamped in position on the angle bars 26 by means of a pair of inverted U- shaped metallic straps 29 extending over the top of the drum or barrel with the ends of the straps bolted to channel shaped bars welded to one of the channel shaped bars 28 and one of the channel shaped bars 13 and which straps are tightened by means of turn-buckles 30 in the forward legs thereof. The shield 2'! extends angularly upward at the front and rear of the drum or barrel 25 to thereby protect the same from the heat of the burning fluid, the rear portion of the shield being braced by brackets 3| bolted or otherwise secured to the side members HI and l I.

The drum or barrel 25 has a suction pipeline 32 extending into the top thereof which is connected with a downwardly directed suction pipe 33 having an open end 34 adjacent the bottom of the tank. The pipeline 321s connected with the inlet side of a gear pump 35 through a check valve 36 and then through a three-way valve 37 and strainer 38, the check valve 36 functioning to prevent leakage of the fluid from the drum or barrel 25 when the pump is not in operation. From its outlet side the pump 35 is connected by a pipeline with a three-way valve 39 and from said valve through a branch pipeline 4!], and flexible hose 4| to a reducing valve 42 and a combination strainer and needle valve 43 to a pilot burner 44.

From the three-way valve 39 a branch pipeline 45 leads to a combination strainer and needle valve 45 and thence to a heating coil 47. By means of an adjustable bypass valve 48 connected in the pipeline leading from the outlet side of the pump and to a pipeline 49, check valve 5| and a pipeline 52 opening into the top of the drum or barrel 25, a portion of the fuel delivered by the pump 35 is adapted to be returned to the drum or barrel 25 whereby any desired fuel pressure can be obtained on the fuel fed to the coil 41 in order to regulate the pressure of the vaporized fuel at the orifices in the main burner 53. Since the pressure required in the vapor at the orifices of the main burner 53 is usually higher than the pressure of the fuel at the pilot burner 44, the pressure of the latter may be reduced by means of the pressure reducing valve 42. The gear pump 35 is driven by any preferred motor power such as a gas engine (not shown) coupled to the pump through reduction gearing.

The pilot burner 44 may be of any preferred type of hydrocarbon burner preferably a vaporizing type adapted to project an elongated flame and the same is supported on the forward end 4 of a channel shaped platform 54 in juxtaposition to the forward end of the coil 41 for directing a flame axially therethrough for heating and vaporizing the fuel oil pumped through said coil by the gear pump 35. A baffie 55 of heat resisting material is located coaxially with the coil adjacent the rear end thereof which functions to deflect the flame and gases issuing from the pilot burner toward the periphery of the coil. The

said coil is of helical formation and is located concentrically within and in spaced relation to a cylindrical steel shell 56 supported upon the platform 54 and in spaced relation to the said shell 5,5 is a semi-cylindrical steel shield 5'! open at its opposite ends and secured to the platform 54. The pipeline 55 is connected to the heater coil 41 at the forward end thereof and a pipeline 58 connected to the rear end of the coil 41 extends forwardly thereof upon the platform 54 between the shell 56 and the shield 51. The pipeline 53 is connected to a flexible hose 59 of heat resisting material which latter is connected to a strainer 50 and by a pipe 5| with an adjustable head 62. The head 62 is arranged in spaced relation to the forward end of a longitudinally extending conduit 63 defining an air and vaporized fuel mixing chamber. The conduit 53 is formed with a flared forward end providing a Venturi mouth into which protrudes axially thereof a nozzle 64 provided on the free end of the pipe 6| The adjustable head 62 includes a threaded sleeve 55 adapted to be secured on the pipe 6! by a set screw 66. The sleeve 65 has an airshutter 91 threadedly mounted thereon for move} ment toward and away from the flared open end of the conduit 63 for regulating the size of the air-passage into the said conduit; A locking nut 88 threadedly mounted on the sleeve 65 is adapted to lock the shutter 61 in any desired position. The conduit 63 defining the air and vaporized fuel mixing chamber is pivotally mounted at its forward end on trunnions t9 carried by a bracket 15. The rear end of said conduit is connected to the flared inlet H of the main burner 53.

The main burner 53 extends transversely of the supporting frame A with the opposite ends of the burner projecting laterally outward beyondthe said frame. The said burner is pivoted to the lower ends of depending arms 72 pivoted at their upper ends to the outer ends of levers 13 secured to the opposite ends of a cross-shaft '15 which latter is rotatably mounted in brackets 75 depending from the side members I!) and H of the frame A. A semi-circular worm gear 15 is secured to the cross-shaft M at one side of thetransverse center thereof and meshing with said worm gear is a Worm Ti secured to the lower end of a longitudinally extending inclined shaft l8 journaled in a bearing l9 and having a hand wheel 89 at the forward end thereof adapted'to be turned for effecting turning movement of the cross-shaft and the raising or lowering of the main burner 53 and swinging of the conduit 63 on the trunnions 69.

The main burner 53 together with the conduit 53 is counterbalanced by means of a pair of spiral springs 81' connected at their lower ends to the opposite ends of a bracket 82 secured to the conduit 63 with the upper ends of said coils connected to the opposite ends of an angle bar 83 having a threaded spindle protruding upwardly through a supporting bracket 84 and threadedly engaged by a hand lever 85 for adjusting the tension on the springs. The bracket 84- sl opes rearwardly and is. welded or otherwise secured to the channel shaped member 12 at the" rear of the frame. The forward upper end of said bracketis' supported by a pedestal 86 secured to the underside thereof and welded or otherwise secured at its lower end to the rearmost intermediate channel shapedmember' 13. A locking nut 81' secures the hand lever 85 in adjusted position.

The main burner 53 consists of a heat resisting metallic pipe 38 extending transversely of the frame at the rear thereof with its opposite ends projecting laterally therebeyond so as to provide a wide area to be covered by the flame jetsissuing therefrom. The pipe 88 is closed at its up positeends and centrally thereof is in communication with the conduit 63 and is supported on the lower "ends of the depending arms 12 which are respectively secured between pairs of spaced bars 89 detachably secured by bolts 90 against the opposite faces of ribs 9| extending radially outward from and formed integrally with split tubularsleeves 92 disposed in surrounding relation with the pipe 88 and secured thereto by set screws 33. The pipe 88 is also provided with a plurality of said sleeves 92 secured thereon in spaced relation between the depending arms 12 and with one such sleeve located adjacent each of the outerends of the said pipe. The sleeves 92 have their split portions located below the pipe 88 and have downwardly directed flanges 94 at each side of said split portions between which are secured heat resisting metallic skirts 95 located on opposite sides of a series of longitudinally spaced apertures 96 opening through the pipe 88. The skirts 95 provide a passageway therebetween for the flame jets issuing from the apertures 96 and function to prevent excessive air mixing with the combustible vapors at the base of the flame jets. The skirts 95 are maintained in spaced relation by spacing elements 9? and are formed with projections 98 at the opposite ends thereof supported on shoulders defined by the inwardly offset portions 99 of the flanges 84 of the sleeves 92. A pair of skirts 95 is thus secured between each adjacent pair of sleeves 92 and provides means whereby the skirts may be removed and replaced in the event that the same become warped. In order to confine the flame jets issuing from the apertures 96 to a limited area at the rear of the apparatus a heat resistin metallic housing I88 open at the bottom is provided which is supported upon the arcuate upper edges of the ribs 9|. The housing N18 is closed at its opposite ends by means of the flanged end walls I! and is provided with apertures 192 through which the bars 89 protrude. Heat resisting metallic flaps I03 are hingedly connected to the longitudinal lower rear edge of the housing I00 for concentrating the flame within the housing and directing the same downwardly against the ground or supporting surface.

A heat resisting metallic shield I04 is secured at its upper end between the opposite side members iii and H of the frame A rearwardly of the counterbalancing springs 8| which shield extends downwardly therefrom with its lower edge disposed adjacent the ground and with its opposite sides projecting laterally outward beyond the side members of the frame for protecting the parts of the apparatus forwardly thereof from the heat of the flame jets and the heated ground.

A shield I85 also fashioned of heat resisting metallic material is secured between the opposite '6 side members In and ll of the frame A above the pilot burner 44 and extending under the housing I06 containing the piping and control valves and under the housing I01 containing the engine and pump 35.

The burner 44 may be swung to angular relation in order to facilitate cleaning thereof. The platform 54 is supported by brackets I08 secured at their upper ends to the underside of the intermediate channel shaped members l3. The forward brackets I08 have the upper ends of the brackets 18 secured thereto and diagonal brace bars l89are secured at their opposite ends to the braces 2| and brackets 10 for bracing the latter. 7

-A fuel intake pipe H0 is connected with the three-way valve 31 which is adapted to be turned to close the pipeline to the suction pipe 33 so that the pump 35 may then operate to fill the drum or barrel 25 when the intake pipe H0 is disposedin-anoutside supply and the three-way valve 39 is turned to open the passageway through the flexible hose 52. The operating stems of the three-way valves 31 and 39 are coupled together by means of a lever I 16 for simultaneously opening the one and closing the other andvice versa.

In place of the main burner 53 the burner illustrated in Figs. 13 to 15 inclusive may be utilized. This burner includes a heat resisting metallic pipe II I similar to the pipe 88 in the previous form of the invention but instead of the same being provided with a bottom outlet the pipe III is provided with a series of transversely spaced rearwardly directed pipes H2 which communicate therewith and have downwardly directed skirts or rims I I3 extending longitudinally of and surrounding the apertures therein similar to the apertures 96 in the previous form of the invention. The pipe III is similarly connected with the conduit 63 and the same is adapted to be supported on the lower ends of the depending arm 12 by any desired means. A heat resisting metallic housing H4 having an open bottom is supported upon the pipes Ill and H2 and functions to concentrate the flame jets issuing from the tubes H2 and direct the same downwardly against the ground or supporting surface.

Another form of main burner is shown in Figs. 16 and 17 in which a longitudinally extending pipe H5 is provided which is similar to the pipe 88 in the previous form of the invention. In this form however a plurality of groups of apertures H6 are provided which are spaced at intervals longitudinally thereof so as to provide areas on the ground or supporting surface which are subjected to the action of the flame jets issuing therefrom and areas therebetween which are not subjected to the direct action of the flame jets.

What is claimed is:

1. In a portable hydrocarbon burner apparatus of the type including a container for receiving liquid hydrocarbon fuel and having downwardly directed burner jets for burning gaseous hydrocarbon fuel against the surface over which the apparatus is moved, means located between said container and said jets for vaporizing said liquid fuel and for mixing the fuel with air consisting of a heating coil includin a plurality of helical convolutions, a pilot burner for directing a flame jet axially through said coil for vaporizing liquid fuel passing therethrough, a pump connected with said heating coil for forcing liquid fuel into said coil against the pressure of vaporized fuel therein, a. nozzle connected with said coil and through which the vaporized fuel is forced by said pump andia conduit disposed in axial alignment with said nozzle and having an open end into which the vaporized fuel is directed when issuing from the nozzle to efiect an intake of air through the open end of said conduit and the mixing, thereof with the vaporized fuel so asto form acombustiblev mixture.

- 2. In a portable hydrocarbon burner apparatus of the. type including a container for receiving liquid hydrocarbon fuel and navingdownwardly. directed burner jets for burning, aseous hydrocarbon fuel against the surface over which. the apparatusis moved, means located between said container and said jets for vaporizing said liquid fuel and for mixing the fuel with air consisting of a heating coil including a plurality of helical convolutions, a shell surrounding said coil, a pilot burner for directing a flame jet axially through said coil and said shell for vaporizingliquid fuel passing through said coil, a pump connected with said heating coil for forcing liquid fuel into said coil against the pressure of vaporized fuel therein. a nozzle connected with said coil and through which the, vaporized fuel is forced by" said pump and a conduit disposed in axial alignment with said nozzle and having an open end into which thevaporized fuel is directed when issuing from the nozzle to effect an intake of air through the open end of said conduit and the mixing thereof.

with the vaporized fuel so as to form a conibustible mixture. I

GEORGEP. KITTEL. PAUL WOLLNER;

REFERENCES CITED The following references-are of. record in h file of thisv patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Datev 526,300v Dawsonet a1. -1 Sept. 18, 1894 657,036 Snowden Aug. 28, 1900 1,012,206 Kolb Dec. 19, 1911 1,320,973. Bertrau Nov..4i,.1919 1,390,639 Porter Sept. 13, 1921 1,418,407 Verret June-6, 1922 1,550,836 Mueller Aug. 25, 1925 1,581,406 Stebbins- Apr. 20, 1926 1,583,915 Coats May 11, 1926 1,696,888 Schultz Dec. 25,1928 1,711,965 Pratt May)? 1929 1,729,149 Brownet al. Sap-L24, 1929' 1,757,296. Detwiler. May 6, 1930 1,925,164 Woolery' Sept. 5, 1933 2,162,374 Chambers June13, 1939 2,210,069 Ensign Aug. 6, 1940 2,228,114; Hess Jan. 7, 1941 2,368,164 Schumannet al. Jan. 30, 1945

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