US2454586A - Gas-blast electric circuit breaker - Google Patents

Gas-blast electric circuit breaker Download PDF

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Publication number
US2454586A
US2454586A US714598A US71459846A US2454586A US 2454586 A US2454586 A US 2454586A US 714598 A US714598 A US 714598A US 71459846 A US71459846 A US 71459846A US 2454586 A US2454586 A US 2454586A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
exhaust
blast
gas
valve
chamber
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US714598A
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English (en)
Inventor
Amer Donald Foster
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
A Reyrolle and Co Ltd
Original Assignee
A Reyrolle and Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by A Reyrolle and Co Ltd filed Critical A Reyrolle and Co Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2454586A publication Critical patent/US2454586A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid

Definitions

  • This invention relates to gas-blast electric circuit-breakers of the kind comprising two relatively movable main contacts, a nozzle or vent associated therewith and a gas delivery chamber or reservoir on the high pressure side of the nozzle so that when a gas blast orifice at the outlet of an exhaust chamber or passage on the low pressure side of the nozzle is opened, a blast of deionising gas contained in or delivered to the delivery chamber or reservoir flows through the nozzle and thus assists in extinguishing the arc initiated between the separating contacts.
  • a gas-blast circuit-breaker according to the present invention is Provided with an exhaust orifice in tandem with the blast orifice, the circuit-breaker contacts, blast orifice, and exhaust orifice being so controlled sequentially by one and the saine control device that, duringppening of the circuit-breaker, the blast orifice is opened before the exhaust orifice is closed and, during closing of the circuit-breaker, the exhaust orifice is opened before the blast orifice is closed.
  • the blast orifice and exhaust orifice respectively constitute the gas inlet and outlet of an expansion chamber so that, during opening of n the circuit-breaker, pressure gas will flow past the contacts into the expansion chamber and the build-up oi baci: pressure within the exhaust chamber will be delayed until after the arc has been extinguished, Whereas during reclosing of the circuit-breaker free flow of pressure gas past the contacts will only occur for the brief period while both the orifices are open, the pressure within the exhaust chamber being restored substantially immediately after the blast orifice is closed, whilst the gases within the expansion chamber, from the previous opening of the clrcuit-breaker, are discharged to the atmosphere. It will be apparent that, with this arrangement the major part of the exhaust gas is not discharged to the atmosphere duringopening of the circuit-breaker, but is held in the expansion chamber until the commencement of the next closing operation thus allowing adequate time for cooling of the gas before final discharge.
  • these contacts may be ar'- ranged wholly outside the nozzle, the ow of gas being throttled by the restricted cross-section available for the flow of gas through the nozzle.
  • the blast orifice and exhaust orifice may be controlled respectively by a blast valve and an exhaust valve, the two valves and the circuitbreaker contacts being operated sequentially by the one control device.
  • the exhaust orifice constitutes the gas discharge port of a gas-tight casing enclosing the gas delivery chamber or reservoir, the circuit-breaker contacts, exhaust chamber or passage and the means for controlling the contacts and the gas blast and exhaust orifices Within the said casing.
  • the single control device may then be connected to the control means within the casing through an operating spindle extending through theexhaust orifice, the necessity ior providing the control means with any gas-tight glands or other sealing joints against leakage to atmosphere, being thus wholly obviated.
  • the flow of gas through the nozzle or vent is strangled or throttled when the blast oriiice opens, so as to promote a depression on the exhaust side of the nozzle during separation of the contacts.
  • the flow of gas through the nozzle may be throttled by at least one of the relatively movable contacts lying within the nozzle when the circuit-breaker is in the closed condition.
  • the nozzle or vent may comprise two aligned apertures formed respectively in opposite walls of an exhaust conduit in open communication with and supplementing the volume of the exhaust chamber, at least one of the relatively movable contacts extending into the nozzle when the circuit-breaker is in the closed condition. If desired two or more'such nozzles may be arranged in alignment, the several nozzles being in open communication with the exhaust chamber through separate exhaust conduits respectively. Whether one or a plurality of nozzles is employed, however, the arrangement is conveniently such that, during opening of the circuit-breaker'.A
  • the blast orifice is opened before the nozzle or nozzles is, or are, vacated by the contact or contacts, so that the depression in the exhaust chamber is accentuated before the contacts separate.
  • Figures 2 and 3 are diagrammatic representations indicating the sequence of operations.
  • the blast valve J1 is opened before the exhaust valve H1 is closed, whereupon the gas within the exhaust chamber J expands into the expansion chamber H, the presence of the moving contact rod K within the nozzles or vents J3, J4 throttling the now of gas from the gas delivery chamber L into the exhaust chamber J.
  • the moving contact K is withdrawn from the nozzles or vents J3, J4 a blast of deionising gas ilows through the nozzles from the gas delivery chamber L until the pressure within the exhaust chamber J and expansion chamber H are again restored to that within the gas delivery chamber L.
  • the expansion chamber N is again mounted on a vertical hollow post insulator O as described with reference to the iirst arrangement, the expansion chamber N and the gas delivery chamber P being arranged one above the other upon the vertical post insulator O.
  • a further hollow insulating chamber Q Arranged at the upper end of the gas delivery chamber P is a further hollow insulating chamber Q carrying the iixed contact Q1 at its upper end with the interior of this insulating casing Q in open communication with the gas delivery chamber P.
  • the vertical moving contact rod R is actuated from the stem S1 of the blast valve S through is/R toggle mechanism S? disposed wholly within the gas delivery chamber or.
  • the circuit-breaker contacts V, V1 cooperate wholly'outside the nozzle W so that the ilow of gas is throttled by the restricted cross-section available for the flow of gas through the nozzle W when the blast'valve X opens, thereby promoting a depression in the extension Y1 of the exhaust chamber Y during initial separation 0i' the contacts V, V1.
  • the contact V, blast valve X and exhaust valve Y2 are operated through toggle mechanism X1 and Y3 from a single control rod Z.
  • the gas delivery chamber or'reservoir may either be maintained filled with gas under pressure or the gas may be delivered to the said reservoir or chamber only when the circuitbreaker is to be opened.
  • an inlet control valve Z1 may be provided which is opened (e. g. automatically under fault conditions) by an auxiliary cam Z2 on the single control shaft before this operates the blast valve X and exhaust valve Y2.
  • a gas-blast electric circuit-breaker comprising a pressure-gas reservoir communicating with a gas delivery vent, two relatively movable main contacts cooperating at said vent, an exhaust chamber on the outlet side of the vent, said exhaust chamber having an outlet or blast orifice therein, a blast valve controlling the blast oriilce, opening of the blast valve thus causing a blast of deionising gas to flow from the reservoir and through the vent into the exhaust chamber, thereby assisting to extinguish an arc initiated between the main contacts, a passage communieating with said exhaust chamber through the blast orifice and having an outlet or exhaust orifice therein, an exhaust valve controlling said exhaust tone, the blast valve and exhaust value being thus disposed in tandem.
  • a gas-blast electric circuit-breaker comprising a pressure gas reservoir communicating with a gas delivery vent, two relatively movable main contacts cooperating at said vent, an exhaust chamber on the outlet side of the vent, said exhaust chamber having an outlet or blast orifice therein, a blast valve controlling sald blast orifice, opening oi said blast valve thus causing a blast of deionising gas to i'lovv from the reservoir and through the vent into the exhaust chamber thereby assisting to extinguish an arc initiated between .the main contacts, an expansion chamber communicating with said exhaust chamber through the blast orifice and having an outlet or exhaust orifice therein, an exhaust valve controlling said exhaust orince, the blast valve and exhaust valve being thus disposed in tandem, and a single control device whereby the main contacts, blast valve and exhaust valve are sequentially controlled, operation of the said control device to open the contacts causing the blast valve to be opened before the exhaust valve is closed so that pressure gas flows through the vent past the separating contacts, and-through the exhaust chamber and expansion chamber to the atmosphere, the buildup of
  • a gas-blast electric circuit-breaker comprising a pressure-gas reservoir communicating ywith s. gasdelivery nozzle,"two relatively movable main contacts cooperatingV at' said nozzle, an exhaust chamber on the outlet side of the nozzle, said A exhaust chamber having an outlet or blast'orice therein, a. blast valve controlling said. blast tone, opening of said blast valve thus causing a blast ot deionising gas to ilow from the reservoir and through the nozzle into the exhaust chamber thereby assisting to extinguish an arc initiated between the main contacts, an expansion chamber communicating with ⁇ said exhaust chamber through the blast orifice and having an outlet or exhaust orifice therein, an exhaust valve controlling said exhaust tone, the blast valve and exhaust valve being thus disposed in tandem, and a.
  • a gas-blast circuit-breaker as claimed in claim l in which the exhaustl orifice constitutes the gas discharge port of a gas-tight casing enclosing the reservoir, circuit-breaker contacts, exhaust chamber and the means for controllinghe contacts and the gas blast and exhaust oriiices.
  • a gas-blast electric circuit-breaker comprising a pressure gas reservoir communicating with a gas delivery vent, two relatively movable main contacts cooperating at said vent, an exhaust chamber on the outlet side of the vent, said exhaust chamber having an outlet or blast orifice therein, a blast valve controlling said blastl2,000, opening of said blast valve thus causing a blast of deionising gas to flow from the reservoir and through the vent into the exhaust chamber thereby assisting to extinguish an arc initiated between the main contacts, an expansion chamber communicating with said exhaust chamber through the blast slogan and having an outlet or exhaust tone therein, an exhaust valve controlling sald exhaust tone, the blast valve and exhaust valve being thus disposed in tandem, a gas-tight casing enclosing the reservoir, circuitbreaker contacts, exhaust chamber, blast valve and exhaust valve, said exhaust orifice constituting the gas discharge port of .the gas-tight enclosing casing, and a single control device whereby the main contacts, blast valve and exhaust valve are sequentially controlled Within the casing, operation of the said control device to
  • a gas-blast electric circuit-breaker comprising a pressure-gas reservoir communicating with a gas delivery vent, two relatively movable main contacts cooperating at said vent, an exhaust chamber on the outlet side of Ithe vent, said exhaust chamber having an outlet or blast orifice therein, a blast valve controlling the blast tone, opening of the blast valve thus causing a blast of deionising gas to flow from the reservoir and through the vent into the exhaust chamber thereby assisting to extinguish an arc initiated between the main contacts, a passage communieating with said exhaust chamber through the blast NASA and having an outlet or exhaust orifice therein, an exhaust valve controlling said ,csasac exhaust orifice, the blast valve and exhaust valve being thus disposed in tandem, a gas-tight cas-1 ing enclosing the reservoir, circuit-breaker contacts, exhaust chamber passage, blast valve, and exhaust valve, saidy exhaust orifice constituting the gas discharge port of the gas-tight enclosing casing', and a single control device whereby the main contacts, blast
  • a gas-blast circuit-breaker as claimed in claim 1 having means whereby the flow of gas through the vent is throttled when the blast orifice opens, a depression on the exhaust side of the'vent being thus promoted during separation of the contacts.
  • a gas-blast electric circuit-breaker comprising a pressure-gas reservoir, an exhaust chamber, an exhaust conduit in open communication with and supplementing the volume of the exhaust chamber which has an outlet or blast orifice therein, the exhaust conduit having two aligned apertures formed respectively in opposite walls of the exhaust conduit and together constituting a vent through which the reservoir communicates with the exhaust conduit, Vtwo relatively movable main circuit-breaker contacts at least one of which extends into the vent when the maincontacts, an expansion chamber com ⁇ the circuit-breaker contacts are closed, a blast valve controlling said blast orifice, lopening of the blast valve thus causing a blast of deionising gas to flow from the reservoir and through the vent, as throttled by the said contact therein, into the exhaust conduit and exhaust chamber thereby assisting to extinguish an arc initiated between the main contacts, an ⁇ expansion chamber communicating with said exhaust chamber through the blast orifice and having an outlet or exhaust orifice therein, an exhaust valve controlling said exhaust orifice, the blast valve and exhaust valve being thus disposed in tandem, and
  • a gas-blast electric circuit-breaker comprising a pressure-gas reservoir, an exhaust chamber, an exhaust conduit in open communication with and supplementing the volume of the exhaust chamber which has an outlet or blast orifice therein, the exhaust conduit having two aligned apertures formed respectively in opposite walls of the'exhaust conduit and together constituting a nozzle through which the reservoir communicates with the exhaust conduit, two relatively movable main circuit-'breaker contacts at least one of which extends into the nozzle when the circuit-breaker contacts are closed, a.
  • blast valve controlling said blast orifice, opening of the blast valve thus causing a blast of deionising gas to flow from the reservoir and through the nozzle, as throttled by the said contact therein, into the exhaust conduit and exhaust chamber thereby assisting to extinguish an arc initiated between municating with said exhaust chamber through the blast orifice and having an outlet or exhaust orifice therein, an exhaust valve controlling said exhaust tone, th'e blast valve and exhaust valve being thus disposed in tandem, a gas-tight casing enclosing the reservoir, vcircuit-breaker contacts, exhaust chamber, expansion chamber, blast valve and exhaust valve, said exhaust orifice constituting the gas discharge port of the gas-tight en-- closing casing, and a single control device whereby the main contacts; blast valve and exhaust valve are sequentially controlled within the casing, operation of the said control device to open the contacts causing( the blast valve to be opened before the exhaust valve is closed so that pressure gas flows through the nozzle past the separating contacts, and through the exhaust chamber and expansion chamber to the
  • a gas-blast circuit-breaker as claimed in tacts when ln-its closed position, extends into the associated vent so as to throttle the gas ow open the contacts causing the blast Anlagen to bef-1 opened before the nozzle is vacated by said contact, the depression in the exhaust chamber being thus accentuated before the contacts separate.

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  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
US714598A 1945-12-18 1946-12-06 Gas-blast electric circuit breaker Expired - Lifetime US2454586A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB34216/45A GB605217A (en) 1945-12-18 1945-12-18 Improvements in or relating to gas-blast electric circuit-breakers

Publications (1)

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US2454586A true US2454586A (en) 1948-11-23

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US714598A Expired - Lifetime US2454586A (en) 1945-12-18 1946-12-06 Gas-blast electric circuit breaker

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US2454586A (uk)
BE (1) BE469806A (uk)
CH (1) CH261144A (uk)
FR (1) FR937821A (uk)
GB (1) GB605217A (uk)

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2558757A (en) * 1947-07-19 1951-07-03 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Multibreak gas blast circuit breaker with grounded operating motor
US2568008A (en) * 1948-05-22 1951-09-18 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co High-voltage air blast circuit breaker having the blast valve arranged at line potential
US2645696A (en) * 1949-12-21 1953-07-14 Gen Electric Electric circuit breaker
US2645697A (en) * 1949-12-21 1953-07-14 Gen Electric Electric circuit breaker
US2677739A (en) * 1949-08-18 1954-05-04 Asea Ab Arrangement in electric hightension circuit breakers
US2686243A (en) * 1940-04-06 1954-08-10 Latour Andre Gas blast circuit breaker
US2709737A (en) * 1951-02-09 1955-05-31 Allmauna Svenska Elek Ska Akti High tension circuit breaker
US2748226A (en) * 1953-02-26 1956-05-29 Westinghouse Electric Corp Compressed-gas circuit interrupter
US2783337A (en) * 1953-12-10 1957-02-26 Gen Electric Fluid blast circuit interrupter
US2843706A (en) * 1955-09-23 1958-07-15 Gen Electric Electric circuit breaker
US2979591A (en) * 1958-09-19 1961-04-11 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit interrupters
US2981814A (en) * 1957-01-22 1961-04-25 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit interrupters
US3071671A (en) * 1959-07-22 1963-01-01 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit interrupters
US3167630A (en) * 1959-06-02 1965-01-26 English Electric Co Ltd Multi-break gas blast circuit breaker and operating means therefor
US3236982A (en) * 1961-03-22 1966-02-22 English Electric Co Ltd Electric switchgear including insulator member capable of withstanding tension
US3275778A (en) * 1962-08-18 1966-09-27 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Compressed-gas circuit interrupter with pressurized arcing chamber and downstream blast valve
US3454734A (en) * 1965-09-22 1969-07-08 Westinghouse Electric Corp Compressed-gas circuit interrupter
US3919511A (en) * 1972-05-31 1975-11-11 Siemens Ag High-voltage apparatus such as a circuit breaker or the like equipped with means for preventing impairment of the electric field within the apparatus enclosure
US3946184A (en) * 1973-11-05 1976-03-23 Hitachi, Ltd. Circuit breaker

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2668516A (en) * 1947-09-09 1954-02-09 Jovanovitsch Predrag Writing device
DE3300979A1 (de) * 1983-01-12 1984-07-12 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Vakuumschalter mit zwei in reihe geschalteten schaltroehren je pol

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2108560A (en) * 1933-10-20 1938-02-15 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Circuit breaker

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2108560A (en) * 1933-10-20 1938-02-15 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Circuit breaker

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2686243A (en) * 1940-04-06 1954-08-10 Latour Andre Gas blast circuit breaker
US2558757A (en) * 1947-07-19 1951-07-03 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Multibreak gas blast circuit breaker with grounded operating motor
US2568008A (en) * 1948-05-22 1951-09-18 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co High-voltage air blast circuit breaker having the blast valve arranged at line potential
US2677739A (en) * 1949-08-18 1954-05-04 Asea Ab Arrangement in electric hightension circuit breakers
US2645696A (en) * 1949-12-21 1953-07-14 Gen Electric Electric circuit breaker
US2645697A (en) * 1949-12-21 1953-07-14 Gen Electric Electric circuit breaker
US2709737A (en) * 1951-02-09 1955-05-31 Allmauna Svenska Elek Ska Akti High tension circuit breaker
US2748226A (en) * 1953-02-26 1956-05-29 Westinghouse Electric Corp Compressed-gas circuit interrupter
US2783337A (en) * 1953-12-10 1957-02-26 Gen Electric Fluid blast circuit interrupter
US2843706A (en) * 1955-09-23 1958-07-15 Gen Electric Electric circuit breaker
US2981814A (en) * 1957-01-22 1961-04-25 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit interrupters
US2979591A (en) * 1958-09-19 1961-04-11 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit interrupters
US3167630A (en) * 1959-06-02 1965-01-26 English Electric Co Ltd Multi-break gas blast circuit breaker and operating means therefor
US3071671A (en) * 1959-07-22 1963-01-01 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit interrupters
US3236982A (en) * 1961-03-22 1966-02-22 English Electric Co Ltd Electric switchgear including insulator member capable of withstanding tension
US3275778A (en) * 1962-08-18 1966-09-27 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Compressed-gas circuit interrupter with pressurized arcing chamber and downstream blast valve
US3454734A (en) * 1965-09-22 1969-07-08 Westinghouse Electric Corp Compressed-gas circuit interrupter
US3919511A (en) * 1972-05-31 1975-11-11 Siemens Ag High-voltage apparatus such as a circuit breaker or the like equipped with means for preventing impairment of the electric field within the apparatus enclosure
US3946184A (en) * 1973-11-05 1976-03-23 Hitachi, Ltd. Circuit breaker

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB605217A (en) 1948-07-19
CH261144A (de) 1949-04-30
FR937821A (fr) 1948-08-27
BE469806A (uk)

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