US2454146A - Weaving machine - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 16, 1948. @,'Eg EzBELEN-r 2,454,146

WEAVING MACHINE Filed Dec. 15. 1938 5 sheets-snm s l GwwwzrHMM/vf Nv. 16, 1948. s. E. EzBELENT 4 mvme ncnnm Filed nec. 145, 193e;

5 Sheets-Sheet 4 G. E. EZBELENTv 2,454,146 A www@ incarna Nov. 16, 1948,.

lFiled nec. 15. 193s g 5, Sheets-Sheet 5 'i Patented Nov. 16, 1948 WEAVING MACHINE Georges Eugne Ezbelent, Paris, France Application December 15, 1938, Serial No. 245,959 In France December 15, 1937 Section 3, Public Law 690, August 8, 1946 Patent expires December 15, 1957 7 claims. l

The present invention relates to a circular weaving machine in which the shuttles are given a continuous circular movement between the two sheets formed by the warp threads.

According to the invention, the spacing between the shuttles is controlled and made constant by electric or magnetic devices which are mounted upon the said shuttles and are operated from a distance.

Owing to these characteristics, the shuttles are actuated without requiring the use of mechanical \means situated outside of the shuttles, thus greatly simplifying the construction of the machine and providing for a much more steady operation, by relieving the warp threads of all stresses or risks of breakage. Moreover, it is possible tb change the numberof shuttles on a given machine at will, according to the work.

to be executed.

Further characteristics will be set forth in the following descriptionl In the accompanying drawings, which are given solely by way of example:

Fig. 1 is a partial plan view, on a small scale, of an improved machine according to the invention.

Fig. 2 is a vertical radial section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1, but on a larger scale.

Fig. 3 is a View of the section operated parallelly to the loom axis of one of the shuttles and of aportion of the device for the permutation of the warp threads which is operatedand controlled by the shuttles.

Fig. 4 is a corresponding plan view.

Fig. 5 is a partial front view Vof one of the permutation sliders and of the two-corresponding guide plates.

Fig. 6 is a general view oLthe electric circuits and the stop motion devices.

Fig. 7 shows -a modiilcation of the electric devices which serve to maintain a constant spacing of the shuttles.

Fig. 8 shows another modification of the said devices.

Fig. 9 is a partial elevational view of a modified form of the machine, in which the permutation device may bel given an alternating circular movement. l;

i replaces the lhelices of very small Fig. 10 is a diagrammatic view showing a portion of goods producedby this modified form.

Fig. 11 is a plan view of a modification of the device which is mounted on each shuttle and lay employed on the known machines.

In the embodiment shown in Figs. 1 to 4,' the machine is employed :for weaving a tubular piece of cylindrical shape, which, as fast as it is formed, is raised by known means substantially towards the upper part of the machine according to its vertical longitudinal axis X (Fig. 1). This fabric consists of longitudinal warp threads and of woof threads which form, while traversing the warp threads, according to any desired pattern, pitches, which are entirely flattened around the cylinder which is formed by the said warp threads.`

The machine carries-on a suitable frame-a table I upon which a-re rotatably mounted a series of bobbins 2 (or rollers) from which the warp threads 3 are unwound. These threads are radially disposed (Fig. 1) in such manner as to form two sheets which come together upon a central cylinder 4 of circular section which determines the section of the tubular piece to be woven, the Weaving taking place against the said cylinder.

The Woof threads are delivered around the cylinder 4 by shuttles.

Each shuttle comprises a support 6 carrying the rotatable bobbin 'l upon which one of the woof threads is wound. The support 6 is mounted on a vertical base-plate 8 of cylindrical form, in such manner that its axis coincides witkthe axis XX of .the machine.v The said plate has a double ogival or like form 4(Fig. 3) which is symmetrical with reference to the horizontal plane YY (Figs. 2 and 3). The whole or a part vof the outline of this member 8 may comprise, as shown in Fig. 3, slight undulations or striated parts 9, in order that the warp threads will vibrate when they are assembled with the woor threads.

The plate carries at the outer part, two horizontal parallell rails III which are secured to it by welding or the like. The rails I0 have a dovetail, a half-dovetail or other section, and are iltted into notches Il (Fig. 2) formed in the plates I2 the shuttle-holder.

V awaits of their overhung position, and are guided during their rotation about the axis XX.

The rotation of the said shuttles is effected as follows.

One or more, or the whole of the shuttles carry an electric motor I3. The said motor is supplied from an outside source of current in a manner which will be further set forth, and it drives, for instance, by a worm I4 and worm-wheel I5, a vertical shaft I6 operating in bearings I1 (Fig. 3) mounted on the base-plate 8 of the shuttle.

The said shaft carries two gear-Wheels I8 which extend upon the outer face of the plate 8 of the shuttle through apertures I3 (Figs. 3 and 4) formed in the said plate. The said gear-wheels are engaged with a rack which is formed by the edges of the plates I2.

It will thus be noted that when current is supplied to the motor of the shuttle or of each shuttle, this will provide-by the transmission I4, I5, I8, for the movement of the shuttle in the direction of the arrow f1, for instance.

The transmission I4, I is made irreversible, in order that this transmission will serve as a brake in the case in which, owing to the breakage of a warp or a Woof thread or of a slack occurring in one of these threads, the current is cut off as will be further indicated.

The shuttles are held at equal distances apart by means of fiat magnets or electro-magnets and 2|, which are carried by each shuttle in' the plane YY. The electro-magnets 20 and 2l which are adjacent two successive shuttles operate by repulsion, and they are permanently supplied, for instance in series. A further description will be given of a form of circuit for the supply from an outside source of current.

Preferably, the Woof thread proceeding from the bobbin 1 of each shuttle is distributed around the cylinder 4 by a member 22 (Figs. 1, 4) forming a lay (Fig. 4), which has an alternate move- Ament in order to press the Woof thread 5 into the shed of the warp threads 3.

In the embodiment herein represented (Fig. 4) and described, the lay 22 is rigidly mounted at the end of a tube 23 which is slidable in a sleeve 24 secured rigidly, and in the radial position, to The outer end of the tube 23 is pivoted at 25 to a slotted lever 23 which is pivoted to the shuttle at 21. To the other end of the lever is pivoted a link 2B actuated by an eccentric 29 mounted on the rear end of the motor shaft.

The woof thread proceeding from the bobbin 1 carried by the shuttle, passes through the tube 23 and is then guided by the lay 22, of which it follows the alternate movements, and is thus driven to the bottom of the angle formed by the sheets of warp threads 3. Y

As concerns the said warp threads which are unwound in radial directions from the bobbins 2, each thread (or group of several threads) travels, successively, in stationary guides 30, 3l (Figs. 1, 4, 6) and then through the eye 32 of a link 33. The saidlink is pivoted to two levers 34 and 35 4 (Fig. 2) which are in turn pivoted to shafts 3B and 31 mounted at the upper and lower ends of the plates I2, between which the said levers can oscillate. The upper lever 34 is urged in the direction of the arrow ,f2 by a spring 31', and it has a projecting end 38. The lower lever 35 carriesA a hub which is concentric with the shaft 31 and has a notch 33 adapted for the engagement of the end of a pawl 40. The said pawl is pivotally mounted on an axle 4I carried by the plates I2; it is urged in the direction of the arrow J3 by a spring 42, and has a curved end 43. 'I'he whole device is regulated in such manner that the spring 31' is stretched when the pawl 40 is engaged in the notch 33 of the lever 35, and the eye 32 is then located at a below the horizontal plane YY, as shown in Fig. 2. 0n the contrary, the eye comes to the point b above the plane YY when the pawl 40 is released from the notch 39 and the device 35, 33, 34 is raised by the spring 31.

After passing through the eye 32, each thread (or group of threads) of the warp is now engaged in the taperedaperture 44 (Figs. 2 and 5) of a permutation slider 45 which is vertically movable in the space between twosuccessive the outer shoulders 46 and the inner shoulders 41 (Figs. 2 and 4) of the said slider serve as guides for the latter. The tapered aperture 44 of each slider is extended by a cylindrical aperture formed in an axle whichis integral with or separately secured to the said slider and carries a loose roller 49 situated adjacent the shuttle plates 8.

The operation is as follows. Before starting the loom, a certain number of the eyes 32 are placed at a below the plane YY and the others at b above this plane, according to the pattern to be obtained, for instance alternately. As will be observed, the preparation as regards the pattern is readily carried out. When the eyes have been put in place, the warp threads, which are under a certain tension, will form between the eye 32 and the cylinder 4 a certain angle towards the bottom or top, and the corresponding sliders 45 will thus be somewhat below the plane YY or somewhat above the latter, according as the eye 32 is located at a or b. The machine is then started, first closing the circuit of the electromagnets 20 and 2|, and then the circuit of the shuttle motors I3, as well as the usual raising device which serves to draw up the woven piece according to the axis XX as fast as it is woven, and to stretch the warp threads 3. When the electro-magnets 20 and 2I are excited, they maintain the shuttles at a constant distance apart, owing to the repulsions having the same value which take place between the adjacent electro-magnets. The motors I3 now being supplied, they rotate the gear-wheels I8 by means of the irreversible reducing gear I4, I5. The said gear-wheels which are engaged with the plates I2 forming a rack, will roll upon the said plates, thus drawing the shuttles in the direction of the arrow f1, for instance. The shuttles are maintained at an equal spacing by the magnets or electro-magnets 20, 2|.

According as each shuttle advances, the thread 5 of the bobbin 1 is unwound around the cylinder 4, passing alternately above and below the warp threads 3. This result is obtained by means of the sliders 45 which are driven by their rollers 49 upwardly or downwardly, by the base-plate 8 of the shuttle, which forces its way between the rollers of the sliders which are situated above the plane YY and are driven upwardly, and the plates I2; y

shuttles. and thus the warp threads 3 will always have the same radi'al position and will n ot -be carried'in` the direction o! the rotation of the shuttles# The permutation ofthe positions bove and below of each warp thread 3'take8 Plautomatically in the vffollowing. manner. AWhen'a given slider 43 is about to reach its upper dead center f as in Fig. 2, it acts upon the end 33 ofthe lever Y 34 and causes it to turn in the contrary directionv of the arrow f. against the-reaction spring 31'.

The link 33 is 4driven downwardly, lthe eye 32 moves from the position zb. to the position dias.

v represented), .and the .entire 'movable parallelogram consisting ofthe members 33, 3 4, 33 is held y in the new position by the,paw1.43 which engages of oil Ytliosinittl s the (woot stop motionandthe warpstop motion .f sliders situatedfbeiowfthefplano are 1 driven downwardly., Owing'to 'tiierollers43,tho

'sliders are not given any circular. thev *"ihmuhthetwitch-totnoterminntioftno ot current. t

Tneswltoli u, whose opening motors' is automaticaliycontrolled by .which stopl the shuttles wheniaiwaip or a woot Forthis purpose, the amature 34 is acted upon by an electro-magnet 33 which is connected on '1:0 the one hand .directly to the te'rliiiilal 3 3 of the .source oi' current by a. conductor 31, and on the other. hand to the terminal II- oi the same source of current by Vtwo circuits in paralleL-whereoi one iscontrolled by the wooi' stop motion and the l5 therby the warp stop motion. Y

v The iirst circuit comprises a conductor 33,` a

. conductor 33. contiu'zt .piecesv 13"and 1l mounted en theplates i2, and,a conductor 12. The con- 'tact-pieces 13 and-1| are in friction contact with the notch ofthe lever 35. ,When the shuttle has 20 respective insulatedbars 13 and 14, mounted on axis comes below the' plane YY on the the `next shuttle comes into place, it will now drive down the slider 443'by means of the roller 43. `@lit the endvof its downward stroke,'the slider` 45' makes contact with the end 4 3 ofthe pawl43 and 'removes itagainst the action ofthe spring 42.v The device 33, 33, 34 is released, and is raised by the action ofthe spring 31. The eye 32 comes to the pointb, and thus owing to the, tension of the threamthe slider will come, according n the shuttlemoves aside, upon the line connecting the ready to be raised by the next shuttlaand so on. In' order to' change the weaving point, it is simply necessary to modify, by hand. the positions oiiA the eyesI 32 in su'ch mannerthat several cony '40 each thread of the set of threads, sliding in an l secutive rollers 49 will have .the same direction of running:

jtions represented are as follows.

. The two electro-magnets 23, 2| of each shuttle vwir vto the magnet 33. .The stud 32 may be' pressed 'against the Lcontact-piece 3i, against the action faceA of the said.' plate in such way as to make A contact with respective conducting pieces 32, '33 which` are mounted on certain plates l2, these being suitably distributed upon the whole periph- .ery-of the machine in order. that each bain or tlf .shally be constantly in'contact with two or three pieces 32 orii. lIhe said contactf-piecs--are in- '55 M pie and m g the seond circuit of the sulat'ed from the plates on which they are ing material.

The contact-pieces 52 are connected in parallel the shuttles. The two bars of each shuttle may breakageor slack oftlie corresponding woof thread,by a strip 13 mounted on a rod 13, which 25 is urged towards the` contact position (arrow f4) vby a spring-11. The s'aid rod eye 13 at ,its end, carrying the woofthread 3 which is unwound from the bobhinl 1 and passes over a.`

' .supporting spindle 13.`

The breakage of the of any one of the shuttles. 0.1' Veven a slack `in this thread, will release the-rod 1 3, whichisbroughtback by the .1 spring -11 and thus; brings the strip 15 upon the V bars 13, 14. circuitfofthe magnet 33 is point b with` the cylinder 4f TheA slider 43 is'nowV 35 closed, the amature 34 Ashuttle Vmotors are stopped. l

" comprises the -conductor 33, a conductor 3|I, a

contact ring 3|, a set of contact studs 32, one for insulating socket 33 and separated from the contact-piece 3|, in the inoperative position, by a spring 34, a brush 3 5 in contact with each stud 32, andtaI conductor 33 which-.connects each brush 'of the spring 34, by a lever 31 which is pivoted at 3 3. and is brought back by a spring 33. The

` leve'r 31 is normally separated from the stud 32 by .50, the warpthread 3 which is 'stretched'andpasses through an eye 33 on the end of this lever. It is simply ,necessary that the thread 3 shall breakor become slack, in order thatothe lever 31 shall descend; thus pr .i g the stud against its conl for lobl-.oinlng'tlio equal spacing of the shuttles.

by a conductor 3,4 and also-#through a doublepole no' cimHenlfii-g'igt geisoaagg i2 hand' Switch 55,' One terminal 5' '0f the .8011!! 58 sliding core 'l2 mwnted'on shuttle B' preceding of cul'ent. 'rhie contact-pieces are or the sa1e core isconnected' -in parallel by a conductor and also-through "by o rod si with o Brian-holder u 'wlioso` movea double pole switch 65 to the othertermiiiai 33 ment wm nm-ease or reduce the speed of he` of the source oi! current. It is thus-simply nec'. 55 correspmdm .motor'-and thuswhenth c essaiy to close the switch 35 in order to plathej g Y Y Spa mg A between-the shuttles increases for any reason, the electlomagnets 2' 2|' in the circuitsaid. core will move, and owing to its connection The motor I3 of the shuttle is connected, by:r at it will ootunte the brush-holderl vtlius increas- . conductors 33, 33, on the one-handto the'bar 33, i. e. ,'to the terminal 53 of the source of current, and on the other hand, to a bar 3i which'coop ing or reducing the Speed of the motor I3.

10 w In the modinootlonsnown in Fig. s, the sliding coi-e3! changes the pomtion of a lever'33 which erstes with Vcontact-pieces. 62: 'inolmted on the plates I2. J I'he said contact-pieces rediice the sp'eed of the motor.

by-a conductor- 3 3 to the amature 34 of a contact .Figa 9 shows 'a modification, in which the plates device whose iixed contact-'piece 33 13 i2 are mounted on a movable rins 31 'which can'.

controls a rheostat, and this will also increase or new type representedin Fil. 10, in which the warp suitable form. The said link is ,pivoted on anl l plates n. The unir mi wm thus give te the thread. between 4the warpthreads. In this conbe tweeen alternate mevemeetef rettete-.ms order to obtain a woven sheath or tube of the threads l form zigzags set at an'anglepwhose" dimensionscan be Aregulated atwill, andwhich 51 f for the propulsion of the shuttle.

4r. Acircular loom, comprising-self-operated 'shuttles movable /upon fa. circular track consist` provides for a subsequent torsion of thegods'in either .-direction,4 without subjecting "the threads to a stress which mishtfbreakfthem-or prevent the desired torsion.

. Y 8 mounted in the circuit of the motr r' motors of 'the-seiI-operated shuttles and' adapted to maina eonstent spacing between the shuttles and irreversible driving means located between the motor 'of the -self-operatedshuttle and the -ing'of plates which ae spaced at a short distance means As -Shw 1n Fig, 9, an electrie motos 1b rl'apart.- in which the said self-operated shuttles keyed to its shaft agear-wheel, cnam a gear-wheel |00 which drives-a shaft- III to which" is keyed an outlined cam |02 controlling-throuh a rollerl IUI-a lmk |04 having a curved `oijotlier axle |046' mounted o n a'lever I ll which is pivotedV at |06. The'oscillations of the said'lever/about the axle'lli, which can be resulatedfbyl guide Ill'iand abolt |08, will modify. for a givencourse of the camL |02, the degree of motion oi the link |0I.' The end lof the said link Vispivoted at -|00 to a lug [I0 secured to the'ring.ll supporting theA said plates an alternate -movement'yhaving a; varia/ble degree, by means. of the leverelll, and

adapted to regulate the speed oi the motor 00./ v Fig. 13 lrepresentsanother Iorm-of construction of the lay. 22 which serves to press the woo! structio'nf the lay 22 is rotatable. at 42| and is I -operated by a rod |22 which is pivoted to the lay et |23 end 1s sudebie inthe support u.' 'rle my 22'turns about the axis-12| with alternate mvef ments ofoscillation, it being controlled by a lever 26 which is pivoted at 21 and is connected by: a

link 28 with an eccentric 29 mounted onthe shaitv of the motorie whose amplitude is determined embodiments herein described and represented,

by the eccentrid 29.

Obviously, the invention is not limited to the which are given solely by way of example.

1. A circular loom,V comprising self-operatedshuttles movable upona circular track, vin which the said s lf-operated shuttles comprise electric controllin means operating through the distance between shuttles and adapted to maintain a con-v upon regulating devices mounted in the circuit of 'the motor ormotors' of the self-operated shuttles and adapted to' maintain va constant spacingbetween the shuttles.

2. A clrcularloom, .comprising self-operated oi plates'which arespaced at a short distance apart, in which the said self-operated shuttles comprise electric controllingmeans operating through the distance 'between shuttles and adapted to maintain a constant spacing between the shuttles, the saidelectric means consisting oi' magnetsadapt'ed to act upon regulating devices the means for thepropul'sion of the shuttle; the

shuttles movable uponacircular trackconsisting of the shuttle alternately in two extreme posicomprise electric controlling means-,operating through the distance between. shuttles and .'shuttles. 'the said electric means consisting oi' -of the self-operated shuttlesv and adapted to maintain a constant IspacingbetweenI the shuttlesA and irreversible driving meansf locatedbetween' the motor of the seit-operated shuttle'and said means for propulsion consisting `oi -gear wheels adapted for engagement with the plates of the circular track, which serve as a rack.

5; A`circular loom, comprising self-operated shuttlesmovable upon a circular track, in which the said self-operated shuttles comprise'electric `controlling means operating through the'distance between shuttles and adapted to maintain a constantfspacing between the'shuttles, thesaid electric means consisting'of magnetsr'adaped to act of the motor ormotors' of the self-operated shutprifsi'ng a member which serves the same purpose asthe'lay, and which is vadapted to be actuated j by themotov of the shuttle.

V6. A circular loom, comprising self-operated I shuttles movable upon a circular' track, in which' the said self-operated shuttles conprise electric' controlling means operatingthrough the distance between shuttles and adapted to maintain a constant spacing between the shuttles, the said electric `means consisting of magnets adapted to act upon regulating devices mounted in the circuit of the motor or motors of the self-operated shuttles land adaptedto maintain a constant spacing between the shuttles, the said plates comprising Y guides for permutation cooperating with guiding Veyes which are also traversed by the WoofI threads in such manner that they are situa'ted in front* of the shuttle alternately in two extreme positions,

the pointed ends 'of the shuttle.

7. A circular loom', comprising self-operated shuttles movable upon 'a circular track, in. which the said self-operated shuttles omp'rise electric controlling meansoperating through the distance stant spacing between the shuttles, the said electric means consisting of `magnets adapted to act upon regulating Vdevices mounted in the circuit of the motor or motors of the self-operated shuttles and adapted to maintain a constant spacing betweenthe shuttles, the said plates comprising guides'for permutation cooperatingwith guiding eyes which are also traversed by the Woof threads in such manner that they 'are situated inv front tions, on either side of the trajectory to be folguiding orifices being mounted on a device formmagnets'adapted to act upon regulating' devices 75mg a deformable parallelog'ram, ratchet means magnets adapted toact upon relating devices mounted .in the ciicuit of the-motor ormotors adapted to maintain a constant spacing between e upontregulating'device/s mounted in the circuit tles 'and adapted to maintain a constant spacing between -the shuttles, the 'shuttle further comon either side of the trajectory to be followed by between shuttles and adaptedjto maintain a con- 10 being provided for holding the said parallelomm Number Name Date in one of itsextreme positions. Y 608,676 Herold Aug. '9, 1898 GEORGES EUGNE EzBELEN-L 636,800 Herold Nov. 14, 1899 951,450 Petersen Mar. 8, 1910 REFERENCES CITED 5 1,088,061 Chernsck A Feb. 24, 1914 The. following references are of record in the Jalrl me of thisfpatent: I f

FOREIGN PATENTS UNITED STATES PATENTS i I lo Number i Country Date Number Name Date A 216,930 l' Great Britain June 4, 1924 365,216 Winckler June 21, 188'!v 571,069 France Jan. 26, 1924

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