US2454133A

US2454133A - Attachment to geometrical

Info

Publication number: US2454133A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1948-11-16
Anticipated expiration: 1965-11-16

Description

Nov. 16, 1948. R..H. BUCHHORN 2,454,133

ATTACHMENT TO GEOMETRICAL INSTRUMENT I Filed May 23, 1947 2 Sheets-sheaf 1 INVENTOR.

. ELIEhhDT'TL EQM, fig

ATTORNEYS.

Now-16,1948. v R. H, BUCHHORN 2,454,133

ATTACHMENT T0 GEOMETRICAL INSTRUMENT Filed May 23, 1947 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 50 g a INVENTOR. IIIIIIAfi/III 7737 H EUBhhUTTL ATTORNEY Patented Nov. 1 6, 1948 ATTACHMENT TO GEOMETRICAL INSTRUMENTS Robert H. Buchhorn, Texas City, Tex.

Application May 23, 1947, Serial N0. 750,055

4 Claims.

This invention relates to attachments to geo' metrical instruments of the straight-edge type and more particularly to a protractor-level-sight attachment to a so-called carpenters framing square.

An important object of the invention is to provide a novel protractor-level-sight attachment to carpenters framing squares not equipped with protractors, but which attachment may be readily adapted for use with such squares having protractors.

Another important object is to provide such an attachment which may be secured to and removed from a square, by making only a minor change in the latter, which change interferes in no way with the conventional use of the square when the attachment is removed.

Still another important object is to provide a protractor-level-sight attachment, comprising three main parts or portions, detachably secured together, with the portions so disposed that they are readily accessible for use, as a unit.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent during the course of the following detailed description of the invention, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and in which drawings:

Figure 1 is a plan view of one face of a carpenters framing square, with the novel attachments secured to the square.

Figure 2 is a plan view of the opposite face thereof, with the new attachments secured to the square.

Figure 3 is .an enlarged fragment of one face of the corner portion of the square of Figure 1 with the novel protractor-level-sight attachment secured to the corner portion.

Figure 4 is an enlarged fragment of the other face of the corner portion, showing the sight portion of the novel attachment of Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a vertical section upon the line 5--5 of Figure 3.

Figure 6 is a plan View of the protractor portion of the novel attachment, removed from the square.

Figure 7 is .an end elevation thereof.

Figure 8 is a plan view of the sighting portion of the novel attachment, removed from the square.

Figure 9 is an end elevation thereof.

Figure 10 is a vertical section upon the line Ill-l0 of Figure 8.

Figure 11 is a top plan of the new attachment for the shorter blade (tongue) of the square.

Figure 11 is a transverse section thereof upon the line l2l 2 of Figure 11.

In the drawings, wherein for the purpose of illustration is shown a preferred embodiment of the invention and wherein similar reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout the several views, the letter A designates a linear measuring instrument such as a carpenters framing square, B the novel protractor-level-sight attachment, C a tongue or blade extension and D attaching means for the extension C.

The linear measuring instrument A is shown as a carpenters framing square of conventional construction, including two blades l0 and l I with their longitudinal axes forming a right angle and merging, one into the other, at a corner portion [2, Where the inner, longitudinal, preferably beveled edges 13 and M respectively of the blades [0 and II form a corner [5 and the outer, longitudinal, preferably beveled edges [6 and H respectively of the blades form a corner H3. The corner portion l2 has an upper face l9 and lower face 20 and the remainder of the blade I 0 has an upper face 2! and lower face 22. However, this conventional square is altered by providing a preferably beveled, circular opening 23 in the corner portion l2, as shown in Figure 5 and disposed, as is apparent, particularly in Figure 4 to one side (the blade in side) of an imaginary straight line extending from corner [5 to corner 18.

The attachment B is provided for the purpose of laying out, when properly attached to the square A, points upon the surfaces of cylindrical objects, such as ships masts, tubular conduits, columns, pipe, :flagpoles and the like. It is particularly useful when the material to be worked upon is raised from the ground, such as disposed upon trestles, but it is useful, also, among other uses, in laying out any degree of angularity upon a Wall surface or the like.

Referring mainly to Figures 5, 6 and '7, there is shown the protractor portion 25 of the novel attachment. This is, preferably, a flat plate 26 having an arcuate edge 21 at one end of which is a down-turned lug 28, having a face 29 constructed and arranged to extend along a portion of the edge H; of the blade l0, and at the other end is adown-turned lug 30, having a face 3| constructed and arranged to extend along a portion of the edge I! of the blade ll, thus anchoring the portion 25 against movement from side to side as well as pivotal movement. Inwardl'y of the arcuate edge 21 there is suitable indicia, as degree graduations 30' and degree numerals designated generally as 3|. The plate 26 is provided with a perforation 32 for the shank of a coupling or fastening means for securing the protractor portion to the square A with the shank passing through the opening 23 and to be described more fully later in this specification, whereby the protractor portion 25 will be disposed upon the upper face |9 of the corner portion l2. The

lugs

28 and 30 are of a thickness no greater than the thickness of the blades ID or H and they are so disposed that, when the protractor portion 25 is slipped into place the opening 23 and perforation 32 will axially align.

Referring now mainly to Figures 3 and 5, above the protractor portion 25 is the index-and-levelcarrying portion 35 consisting of the index-carrying section 36 and level-carrying section 31, The section 36 may be a disc having a beveled edge 38 containing four index marks or lines 39 disposed 90 apart. The section 36 is provided with a suitable opening or perforation 40 for the shank referred to above; which shank provides a pivot for the section 36. The radius of the section 36 is less than that of the arcuate edge 21 of the protractor portion so that, when the section 36 is disposed upon the portion 25, the indicia 30' and 3| will be exposed as in Figure 3.

Secured to the section 36 inany approved way, as by solder, is the section 31. This may be a bracket formed of a single length of suitable material providing a level-retaining cradle 4|, which may be circular in transverse cross section, as in Figure 5, having a suitable opening 42 to expose the spirit level 43 when the latter is retained by the cradle 4|. From the cradle extends an attaching tongue or arm 44 having a hole 45 for the shank mentioned. Obviously, the longitudinal axis of the level 43 will be normal to the prolongation of one of the index marks or lines 39.

Referring now to Figures 8, 9 and 10, there is shown the third portion of the attachment B. This is the sights-carrying portion 50, comprising an elongated bar or member 5| with a sight 52 preferably at each end and with the notches 53 of the sights in alignment. These sights which are in the form of lugs project outwardly from the outer face 54 of the member 5|. There are also provided two lugs 55 extending from the opposite face 56 of the member 5|, one having a face 51 constructed and arranged to contact the edge I6 of the blade I0 and the other having a face 58 to contact the edge I! of the blade it, thus preventing rocking of the portion 50'. This portion 50 is disposed upon the face 20 of the corner portion l2 and is provided with a countersunk opening 59 for the accommodation of a coupling means 6|] to be next described and forming a part of the attachment B. I

The means 60 may be a bolt GI and nut 62. The bolt 6| preferably has a flat head 63, has a shank 64, screw-threaded adjacent its free end andthe nut 62 may be a wing nut. The head 63 is adapted to fit into the opening 59, the smooth periphery of the shank extends into the opening or perforation 40 of the section 36 and hole 45 of the section 3! and, protruding therefrom, its screw-threaded free end is adapted to carry the wing nut normally bearing against the outer face of the section 31.

One example of the use of the square A. and attachment B is as follows: 1

With all three

portions

25, 35 and 50 in place, as in Figures 1 and 2, and the nut 62 retightened.

after the level carrying portion 35 has been rotated until a line 39 coincides with the desired degree graduation 36 on the portion 25. Thereupon, the square A is moved circumferentially about a pipe, for example, with the two blades I0 and H contacting the pipes periphery along their edges l3 and I4 until the bubble of the level indicates the longitudinal axis of the level is horizontal. The operator now sights along the notches 53 and thus obtains and suitably fixes the starting point upon the pipe. Next, with the desired degree of angularity fixed by a line 39 and degree graduation 3|), the square is moved horizontally about the pipe, with the edges i3 and M in contact therewith until the bubble indicates a level position, using the sight notches 53, the second point is obtained and fixed upon the pipe. A line drawn from one point to the other indicates the angular line desired.

It is desirable to have the blade It (sometimes known as the tongue) as long as the blade when employing the attachment B. In conventional carpenters squares, this is not the case. Therefore, I have provided the blade extension C and its attaching means D, shown more particularly in Figures 11 and 12.

The tongue or blade extension C may be of the same width as the blade or tongue U], have a beveled edge if! to join and continue the edge l3 and an opposite edge 7| to join and continue the edge l6.

The attaching means D for the blade extension C comprises, preferably, an elongated member or strip 75 suitably rigidly secured at one end portion 76 to one face of the blade extension C and provided with a suitable number of spaced-apart crossarms Tl each having a slot 18 to receive a portion of the blade ||l adjacent its free end. One of these crossarms l'l may carry a set screw 79 extending into its slot 78, as in Figure 12 so that the free end of its shank 80 will contact a blade It inserted into the slot 18 and thus detachably secure the blade H! to the blade extension C.

The extension C and its attaching means D is employed in laying out large-diametered pipe, columns and the like since the shorter blade i!) would handicap the operator in such work.

Various changes may be made to the form of the invention shown and described without departing from the spirit of the invention or scope of the claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In an attachment for a linear measuring instrument provided with a pair of blades fixed to each other and converging together to a corner portion having opposite faces, with an opening extending from face-to face, said attachment including a first portion disposed upon one of said faces, provided with degree graduations upon its outer face, an opening and means to prevent rotation of said first. portion relative to said blades and to position said first portion so that the axes of said openings will coincide; a second portion rotatable over the outer face of said first portion exclusive of the degree graduationscarrying section thereof, said second portion having an index, a circular opening, a bracket, and a spiritlevel carried by said bracket. with the longitudinal axis of the index normal to the longi tudinal axis of the level; a third portion disposed upon the other of the faces of said corner portion, provided with a pair of sights, one in alignment with the other, an opening and meansto prevent rotation of said third portion. relative tosaid blades and to position said third portion so that the axis of the opening therein will coincide with the axis of the first-mentioned opening; and means to detachably secure said first, second and third portions to said corner portion, including a shank extending through all of said openings.

2. In an attachment for a linear measuring instrument provided with a pair of blades fixed to each other, having side edges, converging together to a corner portion having opposite faces, with an opening extending from face to face, said attachment including a first portion disposed upon one of said faces, provided with degree graduations, upon its outer face, an opening and means to prevent rotation of said first portion relative to said blades and to position said first portion so that the axes of said openings will coincide, including lugs extending to and in contact with two of said side edges; 2, second portion rotatable over the outer face of said first portion exclusive of the degree graduations-carrying section thereof, said second portion having an index, a circular opening, a bracket, and a spirit level carried by said bracket with the longitudinal axes of the index normal to the longitudinal axis of the level; a third portion disposed upon the other of the faces of said corner portion, provided with a pair of sights, one in alignment with the other, an opening and means to prevent rotation of said third portion relative to said blades and to position said third portion so that the axis of the opening therein will coincide with the axis of the first-mentioned opening; and means to detachably secure said first, second and third portions to said corner portion, including a shank extending through all of said openings.

3. In an attachment for a linear measuring instrument provided with a pair of blades fixed to each other, having side edges, converging together to a corner portion having opposite faces, with an opening extending from face to face, said attachment including a first portion disposed upon one of said faces, provided with degree graduations upon its outer face, an opening and means to prevent rotation of said first portion relative to said blades and to position said first portion so that the axes of said openings willcoincide, including lugs extending to and in contact with two of said side edges; a second portion rotatable over the outer face of said first portion exclusive of the degree-graduations carrying section thereof, said second portion having an index, a circular opening, a bracket, and a spirit level carried by said bracket with the longitudinal axis of the index normal to the longitudinal axis of the level; a third portion disposed upon the other of the faces of said corner portion, provided with a pair of sights, one in alignment with the other, an

tion said third portion so that the axis of the opening therein will coincide with the axis of the first-mentioned opening; including lugs extending to and in contact with two of said side edges; and means to detachably secure said first, second and third portions to said corner portion, including a shank extending through all of said openmgs.

4. In an attachment for a carpenters forming square provided with a perforation at its corner portion, said attachment including a first portion disposed upon one of the faces of said corner portion, said first portion comprising a flat plate having a perforation, an arcuate edge and a downturned lug at each end of said arcuate edge, with said lugs in contact with edges of said square when the axes of said perforations coincide, said first portion having .degree graduations at said arcuate edge; a second portion having a perforation, aligned with said first-named perforation and comprising an index-carrying section and a level-carrying section, said index-carrying section being a disc provided with indices disposed at its edge, and apart, said disc having a periphery spaced inwardly of said arcuate edge, said levelcarrying section fixed to the index-carrying section and provided with a spirit level with its longitudinal axis parallel to the longitudinal axes of two of said indices; a third portion mounted upon the other of said faces of said corner portion comprising an elongated bar having a pair of spacedapart sights extending normal thereto, a perforation intermediate the sights and a pair of lugs, with said last-named lugs constructed and arranged to contact the edges of said square when the axis of said last-named perforation coincides with the axis of said first-named perforation; and means to detachably secure said first, second and third portions to said corner portion and rotatably mounting said index-carrying section on said first portion, including a shank extending through all of said perforations.

ROBERT H. BUCHI-IORN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 51,375 Wiley Dec, 5, 1865 129,311 Biggs July 16, 1872 224,401 Derickson Feb. 10, 1880 1,365,991 Helden Jan. 18, 1921 1,428,669 Watson Sept. 12, 1922 2,311,323 Addis Feb. 16, 1943 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 83,375 Germany 1895