US2656609A - Carpenter's layout tool - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 27, 1953 w. SIGGSON 2,656,609

CARPENTBRS LAYOUT TOOL I Filed Dec. 18, 1952 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Nm: LATCH C camera 2% .M ALL STANDARD coon saw I HINGE SIZES HINGE SETTINQS Oct. 27, 1953 w. SIGGSON 2,656,609

CARPENTERS LAYOUT TOOL Filed Dec. 18, 1952 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Had.

HLSNH'] LENGTH Oct. 27, 1953 w. SIGGSON CARPENTERS LAYOUT TOOL Filed Dec. 18, 1952 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 Oct. 27, 1953 w. SIGGSON CARPENTERS LAYOUT TOOL Filed D60. 18, 1952 4 Sheets-Sheei 4 "THWHTHHIIIHD A HHH l4 LENGTH OF TREAD IN \INCHES Patented Oct. 27, 1953 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,656,609 CARPENTERS LAYOUT TOOL William Siggson, Philadelphia, Pa.

Application December 18, 1952, Serial N 0. 326,683

6 Claims. 1

My invention relates to a combination carpenters tool, and more particularly to improvements in a combination carpenters tool embodying a framing square, universal square, protractor, bevel square, plumb and level tool, and center guages whereby stair horse lay-outs, skirting board lay-outs and roof pitch lay-outs may be readily and easily made. This application is a continuation in-part of my co-pending application Serial No. 145,290, and now abandoned.

Prior to the present invention, combination square and protractors have been manufactured and used, but heretofore, no square has been used which is readily adaptable for use by the novice by simplifying stair horse lay-outs, roof framing pitch lay-outs, and all roof coverings. Carpenters in the past have found it relatively difficult to obtain roof framing pitches as well as the complementary angles thereof. With my invention, I am able to use one indicia embodied together with my square so that roof framing pitches and their complementary angles can be easily and readily ascertained by a novice.

It, therefore, is an object of my invention to provide a square which will embody a bevel square, try square, break down framing square, combination square, protractor, level and plumb, lay-out tool for jambs, simplified tool for marking out hardware, centering tool for 2 x 4, 2 x 6, and 2 x 8s, center finder for various door thicknesses, unique tool for stair building, a tool for readily obtaining roof framing pitches, partition lay-out tool, and a beam compass.

Another object of my invention is to provide a device than can be used for any purpose a carpenters square can be used.

Another object of my invention is to provide an instrument to lay out stair horses and roof framing pitches without laborious calculations, charts, and reference books.

Another object of my invention is to provide an instrument of the type herein described which is simple to use.

Another object of my invention is to provide a tool that is light, easily foldable and simple to store and carry about, saving space and lightening the mechanic's tool box.

Other objects of my invention are to provide a device of the character described, which is sturdy in construction, economical to produce, and highly effective in operation.

With the above and related objects in view, my invention consists in the details of construction, and combination of parts, as will be more fully understood when the description is ready in 2 conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a face view of a combined square, bevel, plumb and level as embodied in my invention.

Fig. 2 is a side view of a combined square,

bevel, plumb and level as embodied. in my invention.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a fragmentary portion of the device embodying my invention.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary perspective view of the device embodying my invention.

Fig. 5 is a. sectional view taken along thellnes 5-5of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along the lines 6-6 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken along the lines l-1 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the disc indicator and mounting block used in determining the roof pitches in angles.

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the short removable arm which is always at right angles to the body.

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the holder for the indicator discs.

Fig. 11 is a perspective view of the bolt and nut used to secure the adjustable blade to the handle.

Fig. 12 is a face view of the lay out tool as used for scribing stair skirting.

Fig. 13 is an enlarged fragmentary face view of the tool illustrated in Fig. 12.

Fig. 14 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line l4l4 Fig. 13.

Fig. 15 is a transverse sectional view taken on line 15-15, Fig. 13.

Fig. 16 is a sectional view taken on line l6l 6, Fig. 15.

Fig. 17 is a perspective view of the guide member which is secured to the rear of the tool body and rests on the upper surface of the skirt board.

Fig. 18 is a face view of the layout tool and attachments used for scribing stair horses.

Fig. 19 is an enlarged face view of the tool illustrated in Fig. 18.

Fig. 20 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken on line 20-40, Fig. 19.

Fig. 21 is a rear view of the arm used for Fig. 22 is a fragmentary view of the disc used for determining the height of the riser- Referring now to the drawings and particularly'Fig. 1, a carpenter's layout tool made in accordance with the present invention comprises a" body portion or head generallyz desi'gnated as .;A,1 an adjustable blade, generally designated as flB,attache'd to the body A'L'and a short removable .I' m, generally designated as C, which can be used getthe-complementary angles of plumb cuts. order to obtain the proper angle for the pitch of-a rooLa disc, generally designated as E, is provided. The' diso E has impressed on its face indicia [0. Various discs are provided and stored in a holder at the base of the body por tion A as seen in Fig. 10, which comprises a pair of cylindrical openings H and I2 having a' slid ing cover 13 held in position by a pair ofbolts' l4, l4.

It is apparent that the blade -B- and the-*dise E -must move in unison and that the disc E must occupy a predetermined position with respect" to the body A to carry out the objects of my inven't'io'iil- To achieve this unison of movement an'd pre determ ned positioning of the disc, there is prov'ided in the lioliy'A ai la rge' cylindriha'l bore I1 extending only a portion of the distance through the bod j g asn'ialler 'cy-l'indric'al' bore i 9 0011- centncany aligned-With tfie'salid first bore;-forming an annular seat Na in the body A parallel to"- the face of way- 4. first annular bushing [Qbisfi'rfiiifidie'd for the-bore [9; said bushing be a:- press 'fit 37nd SII'lQL-llr' irrlieiglitthan the bore l9. There isals'o' provided a; second annu- Erbushmg Hit-fill" thebore H which hasfreedom of movement and extends above thefaicdof tliebo'd'y' At 'l he'qdli'shiiig" I 1 dis piovidied'- with a centrally positioned rectangular bore lTc. Bush'- Trig IQ'b h'as a'riannular b'o'ie concentrically aligned with bushing Ila, for accommodating a lioltD Thebiishing f-ld is'also -p'r'ovided with a S'IIlall bel e I 75 fol inserting a? pin therein; The small bore [1b is located adjacent-the rectangu= orenbz 'r-fie bolt 15 whicli a head- 2t with apair 0t parallel sides 2 051 and 49b adapted to the slot B T i'ntliebladeB: The'sha'ril 2 l of the b'oit D is of rectangular formation aridit is attached rigidly'tb the headi zu o'f'thebolt 'D sothat rotation or th'e'liea'd ill eai'iies'witlfitthe shank 21. The bolt D is inserted in the rectangular bore'sof trie'aforemennonedbush ngs. The free erld' of thebolt D is provided witha; series of threads; Wliio'lf are adaptedto engage With the thumb nut 22. A H

The distill Has e centrany posrtionedrectangular opening 24 which snuglyfitsbver' theshank of th'eboltDl- 'flie' disc isalso'pr'ovidedwith a small circular opening 25 alignment witlibore llb" thehusliifig' Hi1). K pm 26" is inserted through the opening 25 in the bore I'Ib, thereby positioning the oisc npropenywitii respect to tiiebody A'- and theblade a. Thethurn'bulut 22" isthen threadedupori the fr'eefen'd-ofthe bolt D: Whentliethumb nut 22 is-tightened, it locksthe disc E by forcin the bushing Ha against the shoulder raa; wane the partner sides nut and 20b of the head 20 in the slot B 1* prevents the blade ii -from moving; Thus it can be seen that the movement of the blacleB is'imp'ar'tedto-the-h'ead' which carriestlie shank 2 I which in turn 'cartries" the" bushings I 'l-a', and the disc E. 4

K selet'ationof disc'sE is provided for different purposes. These discs are stored in the'hold'ers n" and" 12 as previouny'd scr oed. In use the proper disc is selected for the job to be done and mated on the shank 21 or the bolt D- the opening M of the disc E in alignment with the bore Nb of the bushing Ila. The pin 26 is positioned therein, and the thumb nut 22 is threaded upon the free end of the bolt D. The blade B is then moved until the notation on the indicia [0 for a particular operation of the job is aligned with a signal marker on the body A, whereupon it is locked in place by tightening the thumb nut 22 on the bolt/D. Oncetheinstrument has been setto amang-le the complementgthereof can be readily ascertained or marked oflby using the short removable arm C in place of the body A. Both angles are marked along the blade B.

Y the: shorter arm C and the blade B are at right angles to the body A as shown in full lines iii" 1, the instrument can be used for the layout of ja'm'bs; nite latches and centers for 2x4, 2x6, and 2X8s, the markings for same being providedon the removable arm C, at 30 (Fig. 9). Such graduations may be readily made at a predetermined dist'ance from the shouldei on; the arm G that abutstlie side's df body AL- various scales and markings are" provided on the face ofthe" body A such" as hundredtlis of afoot" arid hundredths of an inch;designated at fi Archit'e'cts standard hinge 'si'ze' and inge set ting marking-s are" provide'd on the side ofi the body A at 31 making-it easy for the noviceto layout-- doorhinges roper-1y,

W A; slot ris is" prov-idea: at th'e rear rate: of v the body A", for accommodating" valt'riolis accessories, such as de'ptlrgaug'es; increasing"the utility ofimy tool tremendously.-

My device' may be-closettbyloosening the thumb r'iut z i and k'nifin'g the blade: B into tlie -slot 38 in the side of tlie body Whe'n -closedim'y' device may be used" as-adevel -or plumb: tool in' the ordi nary manner by virtueof thedevel indicators' re oessed in the side, andtne plumb indicators: re-- cessedin the faee o'f the body A l The: le'veli 3 9' and the plumb 40 are best illustrated in Fig 4'?- Figs. 12 to 17 inclusive, illustrate th'e use -ot the carpenters layout t'ool or: the: presenti'inven tion'; with va'r ious attachments; for scribingi. a sl'xi'rting board for Stairways"; reference to Fig; 1 2'; a skirt' boa'rd 4 l i's tempora'rily' supported in positionimmediatelyabove-a set of stepsrwand the carpenters layout tool of the present dnvene tion is slid'ably mounted on: the skirt: board. in engagement with-the steps in order-'to scrlbe the outline-of the steps (511 --lih6 Skll t' bOaYdL tU pemrit the skirt board to be out to flti the" contour: of: the steps.-

To use the carpentei s layout tool to mar-1e a skirt bOardEanZ adaptor bloclc fl is'fastened to the rear of the tool body- A and; slid'ably mounts-a.- g'uide' bl'a'd'e W- wl iich has an inturnedf end: portionam thereon adapted to engage and followthe outlineof the steps;- relatively wide angular slot extends across the adaptor bloclc 43? andreeeives a guide block 46: which is rotatably mounted on the adaptor-' block 43 by a-bol-tfl haw ing an enlarged head portion Hu thereon; A roove-48 1s provided-m the: rotatable guide-block dfi which sl-idably receive tne guide block-1'4. V

In accor dance with the present invention-the adaptor block 43 is securedto the rear ofthe tool body A with" the guide blade: mounted. in the groove 48 between-the: adaptor block and: the tool body. This is accompl-ishediby' inserting the; head of the bolt Fl inthe' tool slot" 36 and tightening ath'umb mi-t 5-1 on the boltto m'aihtam the bolt and adaptor block: in-positiom A pair of lugs52'; 52 extending outwardly from the face of thead'aptorblock a'toppostteendsthereot engage the slot (and maintain the block in a predetermined position parallel with the tool body. The tool body is then placed on the upper surface of the skirt board as shown. in Fig. 12 with the guide blade in a vertical position and the thumb nut 51 is then securely, tightened to prevent rotary movement of the guide block 46 and maintain the blade in the vertical position. An elongated slot 50 centrally of. the guide blade permits the guide blade to be moved vertically withrespect to the tool body A and thereby fol-.- low the outline of the steps by sliding the tool body along the skirt board while at the same time the guide blade 44 is moved vertically with its pointer 44a in engagement with the steps.

In order to mark the outline of the steps on the skirt board, a tool or pencil holder 53 is provided mounted in a longitudinal slot 55 on the guide blade 44. The tool or pencil holder 53 has an opening 55 therethrough extending perpendicular to the guide blade in which a pencil 56 or other marking tool may be inserted. A thumb bolt 51 is inserted into the holder 53 in engagement with the pencil or marking tool as illustrated in Fig. to secure the pencil or marking tool in the holder. The holder 53 is secured to the guide blade at a predetermined distance above the point of the guide blade equal to the height of the rise of the steps so that as the point of the guide blade follows the outline of the steps, the pencil or marking tool in the holder 53 will copy the outline of the steps on the skirt board.

Figs. 18 to 22, inclusive, of the drawings illustrate the use of the carpenters layout tool of the present invention for marking a stair horse prior to cutting. In this embodiment of the present invention a removable blade 58 is provided which may be secured to the lower end of the blade B at right angles thereto by means of a clamp 59 secured to the blade B by a wing nut 6|. The upper end of the clamp 59 is provided with a downwardly and inwardly extending lip portion 62 which extends into a beveled slot 63 in the removable blade 58 to tightly hold the blade 58 against the end of the blade B. By changing the position of the clamp 59 in the slot 63, the relative position of the removable blade 58 with respect to the blade B may be varied.

In order to mark the stair outline on the stair horse, the adjustable blade B is positioned at an acute angle with respect to the tool body A with one end thereof projecting downwardly a distance equal to the length of the stair tread. Marks on the inner surface of the blade B as indicated at 64 in Fig. 21 may be used to determine the amount of projection of the blade B. The disc El which is rotatable with the blade B is set to indicate the height of the rise of the steps in inches and the removable blade 58 is then secured to the blade B in the manner previously described with the inner end thereof extending into the longitudinal slot in the tool body. The tool body is then positioned against the edge of the stair horse with the two blades, B and 58, in engagement with the stair horse as illustrated in Fig. 18 and a pencil or other marking device is used to mark the outline of the stairs on the stair horse.

From the foregoing, it will be observed that the present invention provides a novel layout tool which is of a relatively simplified construction and which has a greater variety of uses.

While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described herein, it is not intended to limit the invention to such a disclosure. and changes and modiflca tionsmay be incorporated and embodied therein when in the scope of the following claims,

I claim:

1. In a carpenters layout tool, a body having a pair of parallel faces and a pair of parallel sides and a bore at one end, a movable blade with a slot therein, a relatively short abutment detachably mounted in the body at right angles thereto and adjacent the pivot of the movable blade, a disc having indicia thereon to indicate the angle between the body and the blade, a bolt to hold said disc and said movable blade in fixed. relationship to each other, said bolt securing said blade and said disc to said body member by passing through said bore, and a thumb nut on said bolt to lock said movable blade and said disc in any relationship to said body.

2. A carpenters combination square comprising a body member, walls on said body member defining a longitudinal groove, a slotted blade pivotally mounted at one end of the body member positioned to telescope into said groove, walls defining at least one groove at right angles to the centerline of the body member and adjacent the pivot point of the blade, and an abutment positioned to slidably engage said last-named walls and to cooperate with the blade for positioning the blade at right angles to the body member yet permitting slidable movement between the blade and the body member.

3. A structure is accordance with claim 2, in which the abutment comprises a blade slidable in the body member, and an offset portion secured to said blade, said ofiset portion having a stop to limit slidable movement of the abutment in the body member.

4. A carpenters layout tool comprising a body member, walls on said body member defining a longitudinal groove, a slotted blade pivotally mounted at one end of the body member positioned to telescope into said groove, walls defining a second groove at right angles to the center line of the body member adjacent the pivot point of the blade, an abutment positioned to engage the second groove and to cooperate with the blade for positioning the blade at right angles to the body member yet permitting slidable movement between the blade and the body member, walls defining a third groove longitudinally of said body member, an adapter block positioned in engagement with said third groove and secured to said body member, a guide blade carried by said adapter block at an acute angle to said body member and mounted for relative vertical sliding movement in said adapter block, and a marking tool carried by said guide blade.

5. A carpenter's layout tool comprising a body member, walls on said body member defining a longitudinal groove, a slotted blade pivotally mounted at one end of the body member positioned to telescope into said groove, walls defining a second groove at right angles to the center line of the body member adjacent the pivot point of the blade, an abutment positioned to engage the second groove and to cooperate with the blade for positioning the blade at right angles to the body member yet permitting slidable movement between the blade and the body member, walls defining a third groove longitudinally of said body member, an adapter block positioned in engagement with said third groove and secured to said body member, a rotatable guide block carried by said adapter block, a

ngnnemaa blade mounted in saidaguideblbck for'relw' atiw sliding: mevement thereinlocking meanato' secure'saict/ guideblock in desired position with respect to said adapter block with. the guide bla'de' positioned an? an acute angle to the body member, and marking means-- carried by said gilidd blades 6:41 darpentersilafyouttools comprising a; body member, walls on: said: body member defining a lngitudinwh groove; 2;, slotted blade pivotal ly 0 mounted atone end of the body member positioneelto telescope: into said: groove, walls defining. aib least' one'grooveiat rightanglessto the center lime 'of. the body member adjacent? the pivot of the! blade; am abmmenm pdsitdoned tb slidabaly engage said last namect wafllsto eoeperati; with": the blade fbrnositimmg the blade at; right angles; to the body member yet penmiizting: slidaxble' movement: betwem the blade and; the bndy member; means. to' positiemsam Blade at: desired? acuteangle with respew tosaid body'member; a: second: blade; and means t0 mum-'- the second blade at' fight angles:- to said nvsublade with: one end: thereof extending intothe lmfigitudinalgroove: in said: body membem WILLIAM SIGGSQN.

No references: cib'ed;

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