US2454089A - Regenerative repeater - Google Patents

Regenerative repeater Download PDF

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Publication number
US2454089A
US2454089A US460948A US46094842A US2454089A US 2454089 A US2454089 A US 2454089A US 460948 A US460948 A US 460948A US 46094842 A US46094842 A US 46094842A US 2454089 A US2454089 A US 2454089A
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Prior art keywords
tube
relay
control
impulse
anode
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US460948A
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English (en)
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Wilton T Rea
Jefferson R Wilkerson
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AT&T Corp
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Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc
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Priority to BE480101D priority Critical patent/BE480101A/xx
Priority to NL74393D priority patent/NL74393C/xx
Priority to FR963410D priority patent/FR963410A/fr
Application filed by Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc filed Critical Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc
Priority to US460948A priority patent/US2454089A/en
Priority to CH268699D priority patent/CH268699A/de
Priority to GB6071/48A priority patent/GB670874A/en
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Publication of US2454089A publication Critical patent/US2454089A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/20—Repeater circuits; Relay circuits
    • H04L25/24—Relay circuits using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H04L25/242—Relay circuits using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with retiming
    • H04L25/245—Relay circuits using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with retiming for start-stop signals

Definitions

  • This invention relates to telegraph apparatus and systems and particularly to regenerative telegraph signal repeaters.
  • An object of the invention is to time the retransmission of telegraph impulses by electronic discharge tube means thus dispensing with mechanical distributors.
  • Another object of the invention is to time the interval allotted to the reception and transmission of a permutation code signal combination by a single electron discharge tube controlled by an impulse accumulating circuit.
  • Another object of the invention is to time the interval allotted to the reception and transmission of a permutation code signal combination by a' counting chain of electron discharge tubes.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an impulse generator for actuating the impulse accumulating circuit for the electron discharge tube chain circuit.
  • the invention features a cold cathode electron discharge tube for initiating cycles of signal regeneration.
  • the invention also features electron discharge tubes in a commutating circuit controlled jointly by received signaling impulses and by the impulse generating means for controlling the retransmission of signaling impulses.
  • a signal receiving relay deactivates a normally operative electron discharge device which deactivation sets in operation an electron discharge tube oscillator.
  • the oscillator is activated at full amplitude without transients and the successive cycles of alternating current thus generated are rectified to produce direct current impulses.
  • These impulses seek to activate the deactivated one of two electron discharge devices, one or the other of which is always conductive, and the receiving relay, which is under the control of received signals, determines whether or not the then. deactivated electron discharge device shall be activated.
  • Each of the electron discharge devices upon being so activated quenches the other, and a signal transmitting relay is controlled in accordance with the activation of the particular electron discharge device.
  • Impulses generated by the oscillator are rectified and impressed upon a condenser which controls the grid of an electron discharge tube and when the condenser has received impulses equal to the number of impulses contained in the signaling code upon which the system is operable, the condenser is charged sufficiently to render the associated grid controlled electron discharge tube assignors to Hell- Telcconductive. which reactivates the electron discharge tube initially deactivated by the receiving relay, which in turndeactivates the oscillator, thus restoring the system to normal condition.
  • a counting chain of electron discharge tubes is employed instead of the condenser charging and grid controlled tube timing circuit.
  • One tube ofthe chain is normally conductive and upon the starting of the oscillator in response to operation of the signal receiving relay a tube in the chain which had been prepared for activation by the normally conductive tube is activated and in turn quenches the normally conductive tube.
  • Each tube in the chain prepares the next tube to be activated andthe activation of the tube is caused by successive rectifled impulses from the oscillator.
  • the normally conductive tube in the chain is reached, that tube is reactivated under the control of a rectified impulse derived from the oscillator and that tube deactivates the oscillator.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram showing that embodiment of the regenerative repeater which employs a condenser charging and grid controlled electron discharge tube timing system, and
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram showing the alternative embodiment of the regenerative repeater which employs a timing chain of electron discharge tubes.
  • the reference numeral ll designates a polarized receiving relay which has operating and biasing windings.
  • the operating winding has one terminal connected to grounded battery I2 and the other terminal connected to receiving telegraph line 13.
  • the biasing winding of relay H has one terminal connected to grounded battery :2 and the other terminal connected to ground.
  • the operation of relay H is such that when line it is in the marking condition the armature of the relay engages the upper or marking contact which has been designated M and when line i3 is in spacing condition the armature engages the lower or spacing contact which has been designated S.
  • the marking and spacing contacts of relay H are connected through resistors I4 and I6, respectively, to the control anodes of cold cathode gasfilled electron discharge tubes l1 and I8, respec- "protective resistor 'flow of plate current in resistor tively.
  • the cathode of tube I1 is connected to one terminal of the right-hand winding of a transmitting relay l 9, the other terminal of which is connected to ground and this winding, when energized, causes the armature of the relay to engage the upper or spacing contact which has been designated S.
  • the cathode of discharge tube [8 is connected to one terminal of the left-hand winding of transmitting relay I 9 and this winding when energized operates the armature of the relay to the lower or marking contact which has been designated M.
  • tube l1 operates relay H! to drive its armature to spacing and tube I! may be designated as the spacing control tube whereas tube is when conductive drives the armature of relay I9 to marking and may be designated as the marking control tube.
  • the marking and spacing contacts of relay I9 are connected to positive and negative batteries, respectively, and the armature of the relay is connected to transmitting line conductor 2
  • tubes I1 and I8 are connected through individual resistors 22 and 23, respectively, and through common protective resistor 24 to the positive terminal of battery 26, the negative terminal of which is grounded. Also, a condenser 21 is connected directly between the main anodes of discharge tubes I1 and Ill. The manner in which tubes l1 and I8 control transmitting relay 19 will be described later.
  • the armature of receiving relay I I is connected by conductor 28 through dropping resistor 25 and 29 to the negative terminal of battery 3 l, the positive terminal of which is connected to ground.
  • a conductor 32 extends from the marking contact of receiving relay II through resistor 33 to the cathode of a cold cathode gas-filled electron discharge tube 34.
  • the main anode of discharge tube 34 is connected through conductors 31 and 38, left-hand inductance winding 39 and in parallel therewith through the series of resistors 41 and 42, and finally through the right-hand inductance winding 43 to ground, which is at the same potential as the positive 'end of battery 3
  • Resistor 42 is employed as a potentiometer and its movable contact is connected to the grid of the left-hand triode of a twin triode discharge tube 45.
  • the cathode of the left-hand triode is connected through resistor 41 to the point of interconnection of inductance windings 39 and 43.
  • resistor 41 to the point of interconnection of inductance windings 39 and 43.
  • switches 5i and 52 are ganged for concurrent operation and the contact arm switches 53 and 54 are ganged for concurrent operation.
  • , 52, 53 and 54 are connected in various combinations to one side of capacitances in groups 55, 56 and 5'! and the other side of each of the capacitances in the three groups is connected to ground.
  • 52, 53 and 54 various combinations of capacitances may be connected in parallel between conductor 31 and ground to provide a single resultant capacitance value, and the condensers are so arranged with reference to switches 5
  • the system comprises an electron discharge tube oscillator which will generate oscillatory current, as long as tube 34 is non-conducting, at a frequency determined by the adjustment of switches 5i, 52, 53 and 54. These switches are in practice adjusted so that the frequency of oscillations generated is twice the signaling frequency and each cycle of oscillation is of the same duration as a normal signaling impulse of the code upon which the system is operable.
  • the anode of the left-hand triode of tube 46 is connected through resistor 51 to the positive terminal of battery 58 the negative terminal of which is connected to ground.
  • the positive terminal of battery 58 is also connected through potentiometer 59 and resistor 6
  • a potentiometer 63 is connected in parallel with potentiometer 59.
  • the cathode voltage for the right-hand triode section of tube 46 is derived from the adjustable contact of potentiometer 59 and the plate voltage for this triode section is derived from the adjustable contact of potentiometer 83.
  • the anode circuit of the right-hand triode of tube 46 includes the primary winding of a transformer 66 which is shunted by a resistor 61.
  • the voltage with reference to ground which appears at the left-hand end of inductance winding 39 is connected through conductors 38 and 68, and resistor 69 to 6 the grid of the right-hand triode of tube 46.
  • erated in the secondary of transformer 66 with g is applied across the control gap of tube l1 and respect 0 e oscillatory y es generated by the the opposing voltage of battery 3! is applied discharge tube oscillator, by which is meant that a r th t l gap of b
  • relay I9 is operated by the commutating tubes l1 and 8 under the control of relay as to marking and spacing conditions and at timed intervals as determined by the oscil lator.
  • the oscillator determines the several instants at which relay l9 shall move its armature from one contact to the other and signaling impulses received in weak or distorted condition will be retransmitted as full length and full strength impulses.
  • the orientation feature afl'orded by the potentiometers 59 and 63 enables the right-hand triode of tube 46 to eifect the operation of tube I!
  • the grid of the righthand triode section of tube 46 is made positive with respect to ground through the resistor 69 under the control of the oscillatory circuit the grid of the right-hand triode section of a tube 8
  • is connected through the primary of transformer 83, which is shunted by resistor 84, and through resistor 86 to the positive terminal of grounded battery 81.
  • is thus rendered conductive once for each cycle of the oscillator and when current rises in its anode circuit an impulse is generated in the secondary of transformer 83, one terminal of which is connected the control gap firing erates as a diode.
  • the impulse generated in the secondary of transformer 83 as current rises in the anode section of the right-hand triode is positive toward the anode and grid of the lefthand triode section and negative toward the battery 3
  • the voltage developed across the secondary of transformer 83 is suflicient to overcome the negative voltage applied by battery 3
  • is restored to negative with respect to the cathode and current is cut on in the right-hand triode section has no effect on the diode-connected left-hand section of tube 8
  • is connected through a variable resistor 88 to the grid of the right-hand triode section of a twin triode electron discharge tube 89 and is also connected to one side of a condenser 9
  • a variable resistor 88 to the grid of the right-hand triode section of a twin triode electron discharge tube 89 and is also connected to one side of a condenser 9
  • the ircuit is so adjusted that when a full permutation code signal has been received, which, in the case of a code having five selecting impulses is sometimes called a seven-unit code if the start and stop impulses are each of one unit impulse length, or a seven and one-half unit code in case the start impulse is of one code impulse unit length and the stop pulse is of substantially one and one-half code impulse unit length, the condenser 9
  • the anode of the right-hand section of tube 89 is connected through resistor 92, conductors 93 and 84 and resistor 86 to the positive terminal of grounded battery 81.
  • the anode of the right-hand section of tube 89 is also connected to one side of a condenser 96 the other side of which is connected to the grid of the left-hand triode section of tube 89 and is also connected through resistor 91'to ground.
  • the left-hand triode section of tube 89 is normally conductive and when the potential of the grid is made negative with respect to the grounded cathode, current in the left-hand triode section is cut off.
  • the anode of the left-hand section of tube 89 is connected through resistor 98 and primary winding of transformer 99 to conductor 94 and thus to the positive terminal of battery 87.
  • the right-hand end of the secondary winding of transformer 99 is connected to the control anode of discharge tube 34 and the left hand end of the secondary winding is connected to the cathode of that tube.
  • the impulse generated in the secondary of transformer 99 when current in the left-hand section of tube 89 is cut on is positive toward the control anode of discharge tube 34 and negative toward the cathode and is of suflicient voltage to fire the control gap of tube 34. If receiving relay H is at this time in marking position which it should be in response to the stop impulse, battery 3! is connected to the cathode of tube 34 so that the main gap of the tube will be fired.
  • Fig. 2 shows a regenerative repeater similar to that shown in Fig. 1 but differing in two principal respects, namely, the provision of a counting chain of electron discharge tubes instead of the impulse accumulating condenser system for counting the oscillator cycles to determine when the oscillator shall be stopped and the provision of a capacity coupling instead of transformer cou-'- pling for the timing control of the firing of the control gaps of the commutating tubes which control the transmitting relay.
  • the oscillator circult and the circuit for controlling its operation are identical with those shown in Fig. 1 and the same reference numerals have been applied thereto.
  • the tube circuit for deriving impulses from the oscillator circuit for supplying the timing pulses for the commutating tubes is also identical except for the capacity coupling.
  • the anode of the right-hand triode section of tube 46 is also connectedby conductor N32 to one side of each of the condensers I03 and Hi l.
  • the other side of condenser W3 is connected to the control anode of tube ll through resistor Hi6 and the other side of condenser Hit is connected to the control anode of tube IS through resistor I01.
  • the conductors I2 and M which included. the secondary of the transformer are replaced by con-'' ductor' 108 which extends directly from the righthand end of resistor 13 to the point of interconnection of resistors l6 and H.
  • the conditioning voltage for the control gaps of tubes ii and I8 is supplied directly to the control anodes of those tubes from the positive terminal of battery 26 through resistors 24 and 13, conductor H38 and branching through resistor it. through a resistor Hi9 which is connected between the upper end of resistor 16 and the upper side of condenser H33, and through the resistor N35 to the control anode of tube IT and in the other branch through resistor 11, a resistor Ill connected between the lower end of resistor 11 and the lower side of condenser I04, and through resistor 107 to the control anode of tube I8.
  • fiollditibhing voltage is opposed on the side which is engaged by the armature of relay I I, by the voltage supplied by battery SI.
  • condensers I03 and I04 are charged by the voltage appearing at the point of contact of the movable contact of potentiometer 63 with the potentiometer winding through a circuit including resistor IOI, conductor I02 and in one branch through condenser I03, resistor I 09, resistor 16, conductor I08, and resistor H to ground and in the other branch through condenser I04, resistor III, resistor 11, conductor I08 and resistor TI to ground.
  • tube I1 or tube I8 is rendered conductive upon the cessation of current in the right-hand triode of tube 46 as in the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, with the difference that the firing potentials are applied across the control gaps of the tubes by means of condensers in aiding relation to battery 26 instead of by transformer coupling,
  • triode tube II 6 which controls a counting chain of cold cathode gas-filled electron discharge tubes ofwhich tube II1 corresponds to the start pulse, tubes II8 to I22, inclusive, correspond to the five selecting impulses of a permutation code and tube I23 corresponds to the stop pulse.
  • the left-hand electrode is the cathode, and the uppermost electrode is the main anode.
  • the cathode of each of the seven tubes is connected through an individual resistor I 31, which is shunted by a condenser I38, to conductor I26 which extends through resistor 29 to the negative terminal of battery 3
  • each of the tubes II1 to I22, inclusive is connected to a conductor I21, which is connected to a voltage divider comprising resistors I 30 and I 35, bridged between battery 26 and ground.
  • the main anode of tube I 23 is connected by conductor I28 through the primary of a transformer I29 to the same voltage divider.
  • I43 is connected in parallel
  • varistor I42 The purpose in providing varistor I42 is to provide a low resistance path for quickly dissipating the energy of the voltage developed in the primary of the transformer when current therethrough is cut off, thereby to prevent the induction of a voltage across the secondary, and to prevent the rapid dissipation of the energy of the voltage devel-- oped when current rises in the primary, thereby permitting a voltage to be induced across the secondary.
  • each tube is connected to the control anode of the next tube in the series by a resistor I3I and the cathode of the last tube I23 in the series is connected to the control anode of the first tube II1 through conductor I 32 and a similar resistor I3I.
  • a condenser I 33 is connected between the control anode of each of the tubes II1 to I23, inclusive, and a conductor I34 which extends through the secondary winding of a transformer I36 to ground.
  • tube I23 is conducting in a circuit from the negative terminal of battery 3
  • cathodes of all of the other tubes I I8 to I22, inclusive are at the same potential as conductor I26 but only the control anode of tube I I1 is at a potential more positive than these cathode potentials because the cathode potential of the conducting tube I23 is applied to the control anode of tube II1 only. This potential is insufficient to fire the'control gap of tube II1.
  • the potential of the grid of triode tube IIE with respect to the grounded cathode is raised by a pulse applied through resistor 82 and tube H6 is rendered conductive.
  • the anode circuit of tube II 6 extends through the primary of transformer I36, resistor I39, conductor I4I, resistor 24 to the positive terminal of battery 26, the negative terminal of which is grounded.
  • the rise of anode current in the primary of transformer I36 induces a voltage across the secondary which applies an impulse through the condensers I 33 associated with the control anodes of all of the tubes I I1 to I23, inclusive.
  • the polarity of the impulse is such as to make the control anodes of all of the tubes more positive with respect to the cathodes and in the case' of tube II1 the control anode of which has already been made more positive than the cathode as previously explained, the control gap is fired, whereupon the main gap becomes conductive. None of the tubes IIB to I22, inclusive, also becomes conductive because conditioning voltages had not been applied across their control gaps and the voltage supplied by the secondary of transformer I36 is insufficient to fire the control gaps of these tubes.
  • the potential difference between the main anode and the cathode which, when the tube is non-conductive is higher than the discharge sustaining potential but is insufiicient to directly fi-re the tube through the main gap, decreases to the discharge sustaining potential. This decrease occurs before the discharge current has flowed into condenser I38 associated with the cathode of tube II1 sufiiciently long to develop a voltage across the condenser. Tube I23 has been conducting up to this time and the discharge sustaining potential difference has existed between its main anode and the cathode.
  • the anode of tube I23 is connected to conductor I21 through conductor I28 and the primary winding of transformer I29 and the resistor I31 associated with the cathode of tube I23 is connected to conductor I26 so that the potential difference between the main anode and the cathode of tube I23 plus the potential difference acres the associated resistor I31 and condenser I38 is reduced to a value equal to the discharge sustaining potential between the main anode and the cathode of tube H1.
  • cathode current in the resistor I31 associated therewith ceases and thereupon condenser I38 gradually discharges through resistor I31, thereby sustaining for a short while the positive potential on the cathode of tube I23.
  • the anode circuit of tube I23 includes the primary of transformer I29, the dying out of current in this circuit would produce a voltage across 14 the secondary of the transformer were it not for the fact that v-aristor I42 shunted by condenser I43 is connected across the primary of transformer I29 with its direction of low impedance conductivity so related to the voltage developed that the primary of the transformer-is practically short-circuited and is ineffective to develop a voltage across the secondary due to the dying out of the anode current.
  • the secondary of transformer I29 is connected across the control gap of tube 34 the same as the secondary of transformer 99 in Fig. 1 and thus the firing of the control gap of that tube is not accomplished by the quenching of tube I23.
  • tube H8 is prepared to be rendered conductive.
  • triode tube III Under the control of the second cycle ofosoillatory current generated by the oscillator, triode tube III) is rendered conductive mementarily and a voltage is developed across the secondary of transformer I36 which, through condenser I33 associated with the control anode of tube IIB, further raises the potential of the control anode and the control gap of the tube is fired, followed immediately by the firing of the main gap.
  • control gap of tube 34 is thus rendered conductive and if the armature of receiving relay II is at this time in marking condition, which it should beif the received signals are not so badly distorted that the stop signal is not being received, the main gap of tube 34 will be fired and the oscillator will be stopped. In this way the apparatus will be restored to the initial condition with discharge tubes I8, 34 and I23 conductive and all others non-conductive.
  • a varistor was not provided in shunt with the primary of transformer 99 in Fig. 1 whereas it is provided in shunt with the primary of transformer I29.
  • the reason for this is that there is a different interval between the starting and stopping of current through the primary of transformer 99 than there is between the starting and stopping of current in the primary of transformer I29.
  • current normally is flowing in the primary because the left-hand triode section of tube 89 is normally conductive. It is rendered non-conductive, to fire tube 34, and is almost immediately restored to conductivity under the control of the right-hand triode section of tube 89 so that the reversed impulse in the secondary of the transformer follows the control gap firing impulse almost immediately and has no effect on tube 34.
  • a signal responsive relay a normally inactive impulse generator, means controlled by said relay for setting said generator in operation
  • a signal transmitting relay means controlled jointly by said signal responsive relay and said impulse generator for operating said transmitting relay, means for counting the impulses generated by said impulse generator, and means operated by said counting means upon counting a predetermined number of impulses for stopping said generator.
  • a signal responsive relay In a telegraph signal repeater, a signal responsive relay, a normally inactive impulse generator, electron discharge means controlled by said relay for setting said generator in operation, a signal transmitting relay, means controlled jointly by said signal responsive relay and said impulse generator for operating said transmitting relay, means for counting the impulses generated by said impulse generator, and means operated by said counting means upon counting a predetermined number of impulses for stopping said generator.
  • a signal responsive relay In a telegraph signal repeater, a signal responsive relay, a normally inactive impulse generator, normally conductive electron discharge means rendered non-conductive by said signal responsive relay upon response of said relay to a signal for activating said impulse generator, a signal transmitting relay, means controlled jointly by said signal responsive relay and said impulse generator for operating said transmitting relay, means for counting the impulses generated by said impulse generator, and means operated by said counting means upon counting a predetermined number of impulses for rendering said electron discharge means conductive whereby to disable said generator.
  • a signal'responsive relay a normally inactive electronic generator of oscillatory current, means controlled by said relay for setting said generator in operation, a signal transmitting relay, means controlled by said generator for deriving impulses at the rate of at least one impulse per cycle of oscillatory current, means controlled jointly by said signal responsive relay and said impulse deriving means for operating said transmitting relay, means for counting the cycles of oscillatory current generated by said generator, and means operated by said counting means upon counting a predetermined number of cycles for stopping said generator.
  • a signal responsive relay oscillator for generating oscillatory current
  • means controlled by said relay for setting said oscillator in operation
  • a signal transmitting relay means controlled jointly by said signal responsive relay and said oscillator for operating said transmitting relay, means for deriving impulses from said oscillator at the rate of one impulse per cycle of oscillatory current, means for counting said impulses, and means operated by said counting means upon counting a predetermined number of impulses for stopping said oscillator.
  • a signal responsive relay for generating oscillatory current, means controlled by said relay for setting said oscillator in operation, a signal transmitting relay
  • first impulse deriving means for deriving impulses from said oscillator at the rate of one impulse per cycle of oscillatory current, means controlled jointly by said signal responsive relay and said first impulse deriving means for operating said transmitting relay
  • second impulse deriving means for deriving impulses from said oscillator at the same rate as said first impulse deriving means, means for counting the impulses derived by said second impulse deriving means, and means operated by said counting means upon counting a predetermined number of derived impulses for stopping said oscillator.
  • a signal responsive relay means controlled by said relay for setting said generator in operation
  • a signal transmitting relay means controlled jointly by said signal responsive relay and said impulse generator for operating said transmitting relay
  • an electron discharge device having a control grid, a condenser associated with said grid, means for deriving impulses from said generator and for impressing charges on said condenser cumulatively to render said electron discharge device conductive after the accumulation of a predetermined number of charges, and means controlled by said electron discharge device upon being rendered conductive for stopping said generator.
  • a normally inactive electronic 8 In a telegraph signal repeater, a signal responsive relay, a normally inactive impulse-generator, means controlled by said relay for setting said generator in operation, a signal transmitting relay, means controlled jointly by said signal responsive relay and said impulse generator for operating said transmitting relay, means for deriving impulses from said generator, a normally non-conductive electron discharge device having a control grid and a condenser associated with said grid, means controlled by said impulse deriving means for cumulatively charging said condenser according to the number of'impulses derived from said generator for raising the potential of said control grid step by step to ultimately render said electron discharge device conductive, means controlled by said electron discharge device upon being rendered conductive for stopping said generator, and means for discharging said condenser whereby to restore said electron discharge device to non-conductive condition.
  • a controlling relay a pair of cold cathode electron discharge tubes having main and control discharge paths, means for .applying across the control paths of both tubes a potential difference less than the firing voltage of said control paths, means for cyclically applying across the control paths of both of said tubes a potential difference in additive relaton to said first-mentioned potential difierence, the aggregate of which exceeds the firing potential of said control paths, and means controlled by said relay for selectively applying across the control path of one of said tubes a potential difference in subtractive relation to the other potential differences whereby to maintain the potential difierence across the control path of said one tube below the firing voltage.
  • a controlling relay a pair of cold cathode electron discharge tubes having main and control discharge paths, one of said tubes being normally conductive through its main dis-charge path, means for continuously applying across the control paths of both tubes a potential difference less than the firing voltage of said control paths, means for cyclically applying across the control paths of both of said tubes a potential difference in additive relation to said first-mentioned potential difference, the aggre 1 gate of which exceeds the firing voltage of said control paths, means controlled by said relay for selectively applying across the controlpath of either of said tubes, a potential difference in subtractive relation to the other potential differences whereby to maintain the potential difference across the control path of the selected tube below the firing voltage, and means effective upon the firing of the main discharge path of either tube under the control of its control discharge 1 path for quenching the discharge through the main discharge path of the other tube.
  • a signal responsive relay a normally inactive impulse generator, means controlled by said relay for setting said generator in operation
  • a signal transmitting relay means controlled jointly by said signal responsive relay and said impulse generator for operating said transmitting relay, a series of electron discharge devices operable successively by said impulse generator and means controlled by the last electron discharge device in said series for deactivating said impulse generator.
  • a signal responsive relay a normally inactiveimpulse gentrolled by said predetermined one of erator,means controlled by said relay for setting said generator in operation
  • a signal transmitting relay means controlled jointly by said signal responsive relay and said impulse generator for operating said transmitting relay, a closed ring of. electron discharge devices having a predetermined one of said electron discharge devices normally conductive and the remainder non-conductive, means controlledby said impulse generator for rendering said non-conductive electron discharge devices conductive in succession, means effective ,upon any one of said electron discharge devices becoming conductive for renderingnonconductive any other of said electron discharge devices which is then conductive, and means consaid electron discharge devices upon being again rendered conductive for deactivating said impulse generator.
  • a signal responsive relay means controlled by said relay for setting said generator in operation
  • a signal transmitting relay means controlled jointly by said signal responsive relay and said impulse generator for operating said transmitting relay, a plurality of electron discharge devices arranged in a closed ring circuit, a predetermined one of said electron discharge devices being normally conductive and the remainder being normally non-conductive, means intervening said electron devices in said circuit whereby each tube upon being rendered conductive prepares the next tube to be rendered conductive, means controlled by said impulse generator for impressing tube firing impulses on said ring circuit whereby said tubes are fired in succession as prepared, means efiective upon each of said tubes becoming conductive for rendering nonconductive any tube which is then conductive, and means controlled by said predetermined one of said tubes upon being again rendered conductive for deactivating said impulse generator.
  • a signal responsive relay In a telegraph signal repeater, a signal responsive relay, a normally inactive impulse generator, a. normally conductive electron discharge device rendered non-conductive by said signal responsive relay upon response of said relayto a signal .for activating said impulse generator, a series of electron discharge devices one of which is normally conductive and the remainder of which are normally non-conductive, means controlled byv said impulse generator for rendering the tubes in said series conductive in succession by successive impulses generated by said impulse generatonmeanseffective upon any of the tubes of said series being rendered conductive for rendering non-conductive any other tube ,in said series which is then conductive, and means controlled by saidpredetermined one of said tubes upon again becoming conductive for rendering the first-mentioned electron discharge device conductiva whereby to deactivate said impulse generator.
  • a signal responsive. relay .a normally. inactive impulse generator
  • a normally non-conductive cold cathode electron discharge tube rendered non-conductive by said signal responsive relay upon response of said relay to a signal for activating said impulse generator, said tube having a pair of spaced electrodes defining a non-polar control gap
  • a signal transmitting relay means controlled jointly by said signal responsive relay and said impulse generator for operating said transmitting relay.
  • means comprising a closed ring circuitoi cold 19 cathode electron'discharge tubes for counting the impulses generated by said impulse generator, said ring circuit having one of the electron discharge tubes normally conductive, means associated with the anode circuit of said one tube for applying a potential difference between the electrodes defining the control gap of the firstmentioned electron discharge tube, and means for causing said potential difference to be impressed on said electrodes only upon the firing of the normally conductive tube in said ring circuit.
  • a signal responsive relay In a telegraph signal repeater, a signal responsive relay, a normally inactive impulse gen erator, a normally conductive cold cathode electron discharge tube rendered non-conductive by said signal responsive relay upon response of said relay to a signal for activating said impulse generator, said tube having a pair of spaced electrodes defining a non-directional control gap, a signal transmitting relay, means controlled jointly by said signal responsive relay and said impulse generator for operating said transmitting relay, a plurality of cold cathode electron discharge tubes arranged in a ring circuit for counting the impulses generated by said impulse generator, said ring circuit having a; predetermined one of the tubes contained therein normally conductive, a transformer having its primary winding in the anodecircuit of the normally conductive tube of said ring circuit and having its secondary winding connected to the control gap electrodes of the first-mentioned electron discharge tube, and means connected in shunt relation to the primary of said transformer having unilateral conductivity for estopping the generation of a potential difference in the secondary
  • a signal responsive relay having an armature operable between two contacts
  • a signal generating relay having an armature operable between two contacts
  • means efiective at the beginning of each transit of the armature of said signal responsive relay for conditioning the unoperated one of said operating means to be operated and effective .at the end of each transit for conditioning the other operating means to be deactivated, and timing means for operating the unoperated one of said operating means, said unoperated means, upon being operated, causing the other operating means to be deactivated.
  • a signal responsive relay having an armature operable between two contacts, a pair of electron discharge devices having their control electrodes connected to said contacts, a signal generating relay operable in opposite directions by said electron discharge devices, a source of potential of effective polarity but ineifective voltage also connected to the control electrodes of said discharge devices, a source of potential of opposite polarity connected to the armature of said signal responsive relay for opposing the potential applied to the control electrode of one or the other of said discharge devices only during engagement by said armature with one or the other of its contacts,
  • timing means for producing timed impulses, and means controlled by said timing means for impressing a potential on the control electrodes of said discharge devices of the same polarity as the firstmentioned source of potential whereby to activate the discharge device from the control electrode of which the armature of said signal responsive relay has disconnected the opposing source of potential.
  • a signal responsive relay normally inactive means activated by said relay for generating oscillatory current, means for deriving impulses from said oscillatory current, means for varying the time relation of said impulses to the cycles of said current, and second means for deriving impulses from said current in fixed time relation to the cycles thereof v20.
  • a signal responsive relay normally inactive means activated by said relay for generating oscillatory current, means for deriving impulses from said oscillatory current, means for varying the time relation of said impulses to the cycles of said "oscillatory current
  • a signal responsive relay normally inactive means activated by said relay for generating oscillatory current, means for deriving impulses from said oscillatory current, means for varying the time relation of said impulses to the cycles of said oscillatory current, means controlled by said impulses for registering the signal responsive operation of said relay, second means for deriving impulses from said current in fixed time relation to the cycles thereof, impulse counting means controlled by said second impulse driving means, and means controlled by said counting means upon counting a predetermined number of impulses for deactivating said current generating means.
  • a start-stop telegraph signal responsive device means for generating oscillatory current adapted to be started by one of a series of received impulses, and thereafter to generate cycles in approximate synchronism with said impulses and to be stopped at the end of said series, means for deriving timing impulses from said cycles, means for varying the time relation of said timing impulses to said cycles, means controlled by said timing impulses for registering said received impulses, second means for deriving timing impulses from said cycles in fixed time relation thereto, impulse counting means controlled by said second impulse deriving means, and means controlled by said counting means upon counting a predetermined number of said fixed time relation impulses for stopping said current generating means.
  • a signal responsive relay In a start-stop telegraph signal repeater, a signal responsive relay, means for generating oscillatory current adapted to be started by one of a series of signaling impulses received by said relay, and thereafter to generate cycles in approximate synchronism with the remaining impulses in said series and to be stopped at the end of said series, means for deriving timing impulses from said cycles, means for varying the time relation of said timing impulses to said cycles, a signal generating relay controlled jointly by said'signal responsive relay and said impulse deriving means, second means for deriving timing impulses from said cycles in fixed time relation thereto, impulse counting means 21 controlled by said second impulse deriving means, and means controlled by said counting means upon counting a predetermined number of said fixed time relation impulses for stopping said oscillatory current generating means.
  • a signal responsive relay In a telegraph signal repeater, a signal responsive relay, a normally inactive impulse generator, a normally conductive cold cathode electron discharge tube rendered non-conductive by said signal responsive relay upon response thereof to a signal for activating said impulse generator, a signal transmitting relay, means controlled jointly by said signal responsive relay and said impulse generator for controlling said transmitting relay, and means for reactivating said electron discharge tube a predetermined interval after the deactivation thereof whereby to disable said impulse generator.
  • a repeating device for the retransmission of received telegraph signals, a repeating device, means for preparing said device for operation in accordance with the marking and spacing character of the received signals, and means including a counting ring circuit comprising a plurality of electron discharge tubes corresponding in number to the impulse units in the signals to be retransmitted for accurately timing in a predetermined manner the operation of said repeating device.
  • a signal responsive relay In a telegraph signal repeater, a signal responsive relay, a normally inactive impulse generator, electron discharge means controlled by said relay for setting said generator in operation, a signal transmitting relay, means controlled jointly by said signal responsive relay and said impulse generator for operating said transmitting relay, means for counting the impulses generated by said impulse generator, and means operated by said counting means upon counting a predetermined number of impulses for conditioning said electron discharge means in a manner to cause said impulse generator to restart its pulsing cycle upon the reception of a start signal impulse by said signal responsive relay.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Generation Of Surge Voltage And Current (AREA)
US460948A 1942-10-06 1942-10-06 Regenerative repeater Expired - Lifetime US2454089A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE480101D BE480101A (de) 1942-10-06
NL74393D NL74393C (de) 1942-10-06
FR963410D FR963410A (de) 1942-10-06
US460948A US2454089A (en) 1942-10-06 1942-10-06 Regenerative repeater
CH268699D CH268699A (de) 1942-10-06 1948-02-26 Entzerrender Verstärker für Telegraphensignale.
GB6071/48A GB670874A (en) 1942-10-06 1948-02-27 Improvements in or relating to telegraph repeaters

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US460948A US2454089A (en) 1942-10-06 1942-10-06 Regenerative repeater

Publications (1)

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US2454089A true US2454089A (en) 1948-11-16

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US460948A Expired - Lifetime US2454089A (en) 1942-10-06 1942-10-06 Regenerative repeater

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US2454089A (de)
BE (1) BE480101A (de)
CH (1) CH268699A (de)
FR (1) FR963410A (de)
GB (1) GB670874A (de)
NL (1) NL74393C (de)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2595397A (en) * 1948-12-01 1952-05-06 Gen Precision Lab Inc Electronic television shutter
US2599345A (en) * 1949-11-29 1952-06-03 Oberman Roelof Maarten Marie Regenerative repeater
US2685613A (en) * 1952-01-14 1954-08-03 Rca Corp Code signal regenerator
US2705261A (en) * 1954-03-15 1955-03-29 Rca Corp Electronic telegraph signal redistributors
US2732428A (en) * 1950-01-17 1956-01-24 -anode valve vyb
US2749386A (en) * 1952-02-08 1956-06-05 Int Standard Electric Corp Telegraph repeaters
US2785225A (en) * 1949-02-18 1957-03-12 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electronic regenerative repeater
US2787657A (en) * 1948-04-01 1957-04-02 Int Standard Electric Corp Telegraph repeaters
WO2011001146A1 (en) * 2009-07-01 2011-01-06 Paul Lenworth Mantock A capacitive impedance decoupling ac power controller

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1771446A (en) * 1928-06-09 1930-07-29 American Telephone & Telegraph Regenerative telegraph repeater
US2133456A (en) * 1936-02-15 1938-10-18 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Regenerative telegraph repeater

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1771446A (en) * 1928-06-09 1930-07-29 American Telephone & Telegraph Regenerative telegraph repeater
US2133456A (en) * 1936-02-15 1938-10-18 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Regenerative telegraph repeater

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2787657A (en) * 1948-04-01 1957-04-02 Int Standard Electric Corp Telegraph repeaters
US2595397A (en) * 1948-12-01 1952-05-06 Gen Precision Lab Inc Electronic television shutter
US2785225A (en) * 1949-02-18 1957-03-12 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electronic regenerative repeater
US2599345A (en) * 1949-11-29 1952-06-03 Oberman Roelof Maarten Marie Regenerative repeater
US2732428A (en) * 1950-01-17 1956-01-24 -anode valve vyb
US2685613A (en) * 1952-01-14 1954-08-03 Rca Corp Code signal regenerator
US2749386A (en) * 1952-02-08 1956-06-05 Int Standard Electric Corp Telegraph repeaters
US2705261A (en) * 1954-03-15 1955-03-29 Rca Corp Electronic telegraph signal redistributors
WO2011001146A1 (en) * 2009-07-01 2011-01-06 Paul Lenworth Mantock A capacitive impedance decoupling ac power controller

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR963410A (de) 1950-07-10
BE480101A (de)
NL74393C (de)
CH268699A (de) 1950-05-31
GB670874A (en) 1952-04-30

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