US2453581A - Clutch and brake device - Google Patents

Description

1948- G. E. MOORE 2,453,581

CLUTCH AND BRAKE DEVICE Filed May 17," 1945 v 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Geo qe 6. Woo/"e 1-27 Emi 0% Patented Nov. 9, 1948 Hum- STAT ES PATENT-OFFICE f CLUTCH AND BRAKE DEVICE George E. Moore,Muskegon Heights, Mich, as-i signor to Manning, Maxwell & Moore, Inc

it Muskegon Jersey Heights, Mich.;a corporation of N ew jApplication' May 17, 1945, SerialNoj. 594239 The invention relates to hoists generally, and more particularly to portable chain hoists;

()rie' object of the invention is to provide "an improved hoist of the'above general character embodyiiig novelfifeatiiis of cohstruction which i particularly adapt it for operation by mearis of ah'and lever.

[Another object is top-provide improved brake Iiiechafiism suitable forboth mamial and power driven hoists which is simple in' construction, Quiet in action ahd efiioieht" and reliablt ih bpsta ion;

hf oth'er object-is" towr YideimbrOVed means whereby the load 'chaih otthe hoist may be 16W:

ered positively by thedr ifv'e mechanism when de- 3 sired:

stiii ahother object is taprovide nojvei means for temporarilyoishlihjg the li-fti-h'g mechanism so the lo'ad 'chai i xiiay be pulled throiigh the hoisti'n either directionhyhand; 1 Other objects and advaiitagesof the invention will betomeoppsrsnt from the following detailed tleseriptiort of the pfef eri 'ed embodiment illus trated in the aideorri'panying drawings inwhich-z Figure 1 15a side Viewof ach'ain m the features ofithe-inveh'tiong" Figure 2 is a traiisverse sectional View of the I the line 2 20f Figure 1; 5 7

Figures is a sectiona yview takeh ina veitical hoist taken in 'a horizontal pl'arie stilostai'iftlally on plane substantially on "the line 3--3-'of Figuie 2; t Figure 4 is a; 'sectionalvie'w ta'k'eniri a vertical plane substantially on the line l l "t Figtir 2;

' Figiire "is a, sectional View taken in a v jrtical A plane substantially on the line "S 5 of Figure 2 showing the parts-set to condition the l'oad brake for ordinary lifting; operations and a 1 its Fiuie '6is a secti'orial vie similaf to Fi ure 5,

but showing the port s brake." -1 I i i twhile the invention is susceptible of various modificatiorl's and alternative constructions, I have shown in 'thedrawings" and will hereinj describe iridetail "the preferred embodiment, but it is to :be 'uh'derstood that I do not thereby intend to'limit the invention to the specific form disn itiesse 1 the toad closed, -butinten'dto cover all modifications and applicable to other types of hoists: The ex emplary hoist comtiiisesa getierally cylindrical housing or body ll, conveniently formed asfiahola low casting, adaptedto be supported by a'sultable hook 1 2 having a swivel mountediiihwthe upper part of the housing as shown in Figure 3.

In a commercial structure the housing 11 will be 7 made in atleast two parts so that access to the interior thereof for assembly ourposes; will be facilitated, 'l l i I r Rotatablyfisupported within the housing :1 I by antifriction' bearings I3 is a" fliftin'g member or load wheel I l-shaped to' accommodate a s i'ita'ble load chain l5; In the particular hoist showtiythe wheel H is formed with a pocketed cireumfereritial gioove f6 shapedtoreceiva convhtional link type chain. The load wheel is located'within a downwardly opening recess or pooket n (Figure 3'Yth1ough which the chain 15 depen'ds andis preferably disposed "so that the Mad sonioo'rtihg run is substantially aligned with the hoist loadlv carrying. ehd with t heustial load Shook I 8 whilethe other end is secured to a lug fllt' pr efi ably cast integi'ally with the housing i l 1 Proper engagement of thecha'in links withthe load wheel pockets is insured by a guide slot formed in 'end, the shaft is piovid'ed w itha itigid pihio' meshing with'geai 'teth -25, herein she formed integrally with the load wheel "t ll The 'load shaftll is adapted tobe "driven by a "rotatable"driving 'membeifor nut ZBthrmig'h the alternative constri iotions tallirigl within the spirit andmseopeof thevinventioh as expressed iri the i pended:claiims.

For the purpose of illustration, the invehtion hasrb'ee'ri shown as" embodied in a poitable lioi-st of thetypwadaipted'tttbetctixated bira hah'l'lver 4:0, (Figures 1 ansdflb i but it will be understood that the invent-ion; vin sevei'aluo'f its aspects, is

functions? as a 'load "brake" to preii'ent fetifograde movement of the shaft and loadwheel 1%4 tifider load. Forthis purpose thedrivingfniembei 2B is formed 'withaan hinte'rnally threaded] tore adapted to :en'gage with Telativly matt ekterhal inner entil. :If desifedi the-threaded Collar hh'd thrust disk may" be fo rnied" int rally with 1 shaft; t i i wheel 3| having a cooperating pawl 32 (Fig. 4) pivotally supported by a pin 33 in an auxiliary housing 34 rigidly secured to one end of the housing A friction washer 36 interposed between the ratchet wheel 3| and the thrust disk 3|) and a second friction washer 31 interposed between the ratchet wheelia'nd a thrust ring 38 rigid with the driving member 26'provide a disengageable connection between the parts. Thus when the member 26 is rotated in a load lifting direction, it screws along the threads 28 on the load shaft 2| compressing the friction washer-s 36 and 31 against the thrust disk 30 until its axialmovement is blocked whereupon it rotates the shaft ina direction effective to raise the load carrying end of the vchain l5.

Referring now to Figure 4 of the drawings, it will be observed that the pawl 32 is provided with a finger 32a positioned to coact with peripheral teeth 39 formed on the ratchet wheel 36 to prevent rotationof the wheel in a counterclockwise or load'lowering direction. The ratchet teeth are formed however and the pawl finger 32a is so disposed .that the ratchet wheel may be rotated in a'load lifting direction without interference from the pawl. i

#To reduce friction and :provide quiet action in the lifting operation, and to insure positive locking'of; the ratchet wheel after such operation, means is provided for swinging the pawl 32 into or out of engagement with the teeth 39 of the ratchet :wheel. This means, as shown inFigures 2 and .4, comprises anarcuate clamping member of heavy gauge Wire or the like anchored at one end to the'pawl 32 by means, of a pin Hand partially encircling the thrust disk'30. To retain the clamping member in place, the disk is conveniently formed with a, peripheral groove 42. Whenitheshaft 2| is turned in a load lifting directiom that is clockwise as viewed in Figured, the member 40- tends to rotate with'the thrust disk and is thus effective to rock the pawl 32 clear of the teeth of the ratchet wheel. Upon rotation ofthe shaft in the opposite direction, the clampingmember is carried along and the pawl is positively rocked, into blocking engagement with the ratchet ;,teeth thus eifectually preventing any more than the slight rotation of the ratchet wheel required for the engagement of the pawl finger with the ratchet teeth.

. The locking of --the. ratchet wheel 3| in the abovemanner permits the friction device 21 to function as a load brake effective to prevent undesired. lowering of a load. The load, acting through the wheel I4, tends toturn the shaft in a. oounterc lockwise direction as viewed in Figure -4..;; Assuming that the driving member 26 is held stationary, such rotation of the shaft acts to screw; the memberalong the threads '28 and thus frictionallyclamp the ratchet wheel to the thrust .disk 30 which, as explainedheretofore, is rigid ,with the shaft 2|. As. the ratchet wheel is locked against. counterclockwise rotation, turning of the load shaft under thelinfluence of theload is effectually prevented. 4

r, When.lowering-the load-is required, it is only n ecessary;.';to'r0tate the driving member 26 re- ;versely -relative to the shaft 2|, thus backing it alonggthe .Shaft sufficiently to disengage the friction-washers from-Lthe-ratchet'wheel and thrust disk -;therebyreleasingth'e load brake. .As the shaft2| turns, it tends of course, to screw the driving member up to brake engaging position therefore necessitatingaconstant turning of the driving member-during such: lowering action.

4 The lowering may be stopped at any time by simply interrupting the rotation of the member whereby the member will be screwed against the friction elements thus initiating the braking action as above described.

Provision is made for positively driving the shaft 2 inlthe load lowering direction in case the load on the chairi- I5 is too light to effect the lowering in the manner above described. For this purpose, the shaft 2| is provided at its outer end with a drive collar 45, non-rotatably fixed to the shaft as by splines 46. The collar 45 is formed with a radially projecting arm 41 extending over the adjacent end .of the driving member 26 and adapted for engagement by a lug 48 projecting axially from the end of the driving member. In the ordinary operation of the hoist, the action of the load on shaft 2| keeps the arm 41 spaced substantially from the lug 48 as shown in Figure 5. When the load is insufficient to turn the shaft, however, rotation of the driving member 26 in the load lowering direction carries the lug 48 into engagement with the arm 41 as shown in Figure 6 whereby the shaft is positively driven upon further rotation of the driving member. In practice, the parts are adjusted so' t at rotation of the drive member 26 through'a rela; tively small angle is suflicient to engage or -release the friction elements of ;the.loadbrake.21. The normal range of such movementv is indicated by relative positions of the lug 46 anda-rm 41 in Figures 5 and 6 respectively. The rangepf movement increases progressively as the fric tion washers 36 and 31 wear. Provision is therefore made for adjusting the. angular position of the collar 45 relative to the shaft 2| so as to main tain the desired spacing between the lug 48,;and

arm41substantially as shown. For .thispurpose,

the collar is formed with a plurality of circum; ferentially spaced grooves w engaging with the splines 46 to lock the collar to the shaft. i

Novel means is provided for temporarilyrendering thevload brake 3T-ineffective so that the chain l5 may be pulled through the hoist in either direction by hand. To this end; provision is made for locking the driving member 26 to the collar 45 in a position to effect the release of the load brake and to cause the driving member to rotate with the shaft 2| and collar when the chain is pulled to either raise or lower the hook;l8,; i

The locking means,- in 'its preferred form, come prises a fiat elongated spring element- 5U. rigidly secured as by rivets 5| atrtwo .circumferentially spaced points within a cup-shaped hand wheel 52 rotatably supported on the outer end of theload collar 45 and the driving member. Qneyof the rivets 5| is located closely adjacentithe end; of the element and the section ;"of the element between that rivet and theadjacent :rivet is bent inwardly to provide a radial shoulder 54 adapted to engage the arm 41 for rotating the collar 45 andshaft 2| when the-hand wheel 52 is turnedin a clockwise direction. (as viewed inFigures 5 and 6). r The free end of the spring element 50 is extended a substantial distance around the peripheral wall of the hand wheel *so'as to provide'a resilient section adapted to ride, overthe outer surface of the lug- 48 upon'rotationof the hand wheel as above described. A nib or'projection 58 formed in the element engageable in a notch'58 in the lug-when the hand wheel is turned to the position shown in Figure 6 acts to lock the'p-arts together. When solocked', the :friction device 21 is disengaged, thus freeing the shaft 2| from the load brake so that itmay rotate freely in either tive rotation "of said driving member and said shaft between two different positions, an arm rigid with said shaft and projecting radially therefrom, a lug rigid with said driving member adapted toengage said arm upon relative rotation of s'aid'member and said shaft to disengage said friction member, and manually operable means coacting with said arm and said lug for releasably latching said member and said shaft in a position to maintain disengagement of said friction members.

41 111 a hoist, incombination, a load shaft, a 'drivingmember mounted on said shaft for rotation relative thereto, means operable in response 'tothe relative rotation of said member and said shaft for effecting relative axial movements of the member and shaft, a load brake including a member rotatable in one direction only and adapted to be frictionally clamped to said driving member and said shaft by such relative axial movement in one direction, said brake member being released by relative axial movement of the member'and the shaft in the other direction, and means operable tolock said member and said shaft together to maintain said brake member released. 5. In a hoist, in combination, a load shaft, 9, driving member mounted on said shaft for rotation relative thereto, means operable in response to the relative rotation of said member and said shaft for effecting relative axial movements of the member and shaft, brake means adapted to be engaged by such relative axial movement in one direction for. preventing rotation of said shaft in one direction, said brake means being disengaged by relative axial movement of the member and the shaft in the other direction, an arm .rigid with said shaft and projecting radially therefrom tooverlie one end of said member, an axial pro- .jection at said one end of the member adapted to engage said arm upon relative rotation of the member and the shaft to disengage said brake means, and manually operable means coacting with said arm and said projection to hold them in engagement whereby to prevent reengagement ,pf said brake means.

6 In a hoist, in combination, a load shaft, a driving member mounted on saidshaft for rotation relativethereto, means operable in response to the relative rotation of said member and said shaft for effecting relative axial movements of the member and shaft, brake means adapted to be ltion on said one end of the member adapted to engage said arm upon relative rotation of the member and the shaft to disengage said brake means, a hand wheel rotatably supported on said shaft, means carried by said hand wheel operable onthe rotation of the wheel to turn. said shaft 'so-asfto move said arm into engagement with said projection, and other means carried by said hand wheel operable to frictionally engage said projection to maintain said arm in engagement therewith.

"7; In a hoist, in combination, a load shaft, a

driving member having a screw threaded connec tion with said shaft, a thrust disk rigid with' said shaft and spaced from one end of said member, a ratchet wheel mounted on said shaft between said disk and said member, a pawlcoacting with said wheel to prevent rotation in one direction, friction washers interposed between said member and said wheel and between said wheel and said disk, said member operating through said washers upon relative rotation of the shaft and member to frictionally clamp the parts together whereby rotation of the shaft is permitted only in a load lifting direction, a collar fast on said shaft, an arm rigid with said collar projecting radially therefrom to overlie the other end of said member, a radial projection on said member engageable with said arm upon relative rotation of the shaft and member to disengage the parts, a hand wheel rotatably mounted on said shaft, a'spring member mounted in said hand wheel having'a shouldered portion adapted to engage said arm and an arcuate portion adapted to slide over saidpro jection, said shouldered portion being operative on rotation of the hand wheel for effecting relative rotation of the driving member and the shaft so as to move said arm and said projection into engagement, and detent means formed on the arcuate portion of said spring member adapted to coact with said projection to frictionally hold th projection and the arm in engagement.

8. In a hoist, in combination,- a loadshaft, a driving member mounted on said shaft forrota tion relative thereto, means operative in response to the relative rotation of said member and said shaft through a predetermined angle in one direction to shift said member axially of the shaft, means operable by said member incident to such axial shifting for establishing a frictional driving connection between the member andthe shaft whereby the member and shaft may be rotated together to lift a load, said connection being interrupted by reverse rotation of said member relative to said shaft through said predetermined angle, means operative to prevent reverse rotation of said shaft under the influence of a load while said connection is maintained, a collar mounted on said shaft having a rigid arm projecting laterally to overlie one end of said memberfan axial projection at said one end of the member adapted to engage said arm to .provide a'positive driving connection between the member and saidshaft,

and means for locking said collar against rotation relative to said shaft, said locking means being adjustable-to compensate for wear of the means providing the frictional driving connection between the member and thexshaft.

\ GEORGE E. MOORE.

7 REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of thispatent: I

UNITED s'rATEsPATENTs v Date Parker et a1 Apr. 3, 1945

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