Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M7/00—Solid or semi-solid compositions essentially based on lubricating components other than mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use as lubricants; Use as lubricants of single solid or semi-solid substances
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
  • C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/022—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least two hydroxy groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/28—Esters
  • C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/28—Esters
  • C10M2207/34—Esters having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. substituted succinic acid derivatives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
  • C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
  • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
  • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
  • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
  • C10M2215/065—Phenyl-Naphthyl amines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
  • C10M2229/041—Siloxanes with specific structure containing aliphatic substituents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
  • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/02—Bearings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
  • C10N2050/08—Solids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
  • C10N2050/10—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated semi-solid; greasy

Definitions

• This invention relates to improved lubricating grease compositions and particularly to texturestable lithium base grease compositions in which a synthetic oleaginous compound comprises part or all of the oil component.
• synthetic oleaginous compound as used herein embraces those organic compounds or mixtures thereof which possess lubricating qualities and may be substituted in whole or in part for the conventional mineral lubricating oils.
• the choice of v the particular compounds used in the preparation of the synthetic grease depends upon the type of lubricalion and the temperature range within which the grease is intended to be operated. In general, these compounds are adapted to specialized lubrication outside the conventional lubricating temsynthetic grease composition which possesses not only the desirable characteristics-imparted by the oleaginous compounds, but is also resistant to shear.
• the synthetic greases previously proposed and accepted by the industry have been prepared from the lithium soaps of the conventional fatty acid sources, such as stearic acid and other soapforming fatty acids or their glycerides. It has been discovered that the acid component of the lithium soap is an important factor in the production of synthetic greases and that synthetic greases produced from lithium soaps of soapforming hydroxy fatty acids or their glycerides possess exceptional texture-stability and maintain their structure with little change in consistency even after extensive working at either high or low temperatures.
• This unusual characteristic of the lithium soaps of hydroxy fatty acids is applicable to those perature ranges, such as ultra-low temperature operation found in refrigeration systems and arctic service lubrication, or to general purpose lubrication over a wide lubricating temperature range which was previously unattainable through the use of a single mineral lubricating oil due to their high viscosity change over such wide temperature ranges.
• oleaginous compounds are physical in nature, they cannot be conclusively defined in terms of their chemical structure. However, the majority of these compounds are polar compounds with oxygen as the principal type of polar constituent. Another general observation is that, in the compounds of a given chemical classification, those of comparatively high molecular weight possess the least change in viscosity per change in temperature.
• the types of compounds which are recognized or have been proposed as synthetic oleaginous compounds include the aliphatic ethers, aromatic acid esters, aliphatic mono. and di-carboxylic acid esters, phosphorus acid esters,
• aliphatic dicarboxylic acid esters are preferred.
• the compounds within this particular class are the esters of such acids as sebac c. adipic, pimelic, azelaic, alkenylsuccinic alkylma eic. etc,
• the esters thereof are preferably the aliphatic esters and particularly the branched chain aliphat cesters.
• Specific examples of the preferred oleaginous compounds are di-2-ethv hexyl sebacate. di-sec-amvl sebacate.
• di-2-ethylhexyl alkenylsuccinate di-2-ethoxyethvl sebacate. di-2-(2'-methoxyethoxy) ethyl in the combination of mineral oil and oleaginous compound as the oil component of the finished "grease.
• an extreme pressure agent may be incorporated to improve the anti-wear characteristics of the compound or an anti-oxidant may be incorporatedto improve the anti-oxidant properties ofthe compound and/or the finished grease.
• the lithium soaps which have been found to contribute to the desirable attributes of the s nthetic greases are those in which a, soap-forming hydroxy fatty acid constitutes at least part of the acid component.
• the soap-forming hydroxy fatty acids contemplated herein are those containing at least 12 carbon atoms in the molecule and one or more hydroxyl groups. as well as mixtures thereof.
• hydroxy fattyacids may be obtained from natural sources, such as castor oil, or may be prepared by the classical synthetic methods, such as oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids or catalytic oxidation of petroleum oils and waxes with extraction and fractionation to the whether or not mineral oil is to be used as part of the oil component;
• the conventional method of preparing synthetic greases is the gelling method in which the preformed lithium soap and the cleagincus compound are heated to a homogeneous solution and rapidly cooled to form the grease gel.
• This method of preparation possesses certain disadvantages in that it requires a preformed lithium soap which in and of itself raises the cost of the grease because of the separate saponification step required and extensive milling equipment to work the grease gel to a homogeneous consistency.
• the soap-forming hydroxy fatty acids may be used as the sole acidic component of the lithium soaps or they may be blended or combined with the conventional fats or fatty acids in such proportions that at least of the total acidic component is comprised of the hydroxy fatty acids.
• the choice of fats or fatty acids and the specific proportion thereof which may be blended or combined with the hydroxy fatty acids depends upon the particular metallic constituent and the type of service for which the synthetic grease is intended. In general. any of the recognized fatty acid materials normally used in grease manufacture may be used providing they are essentially saturated in character.
• These fats and fatty acids include mixtures of fatty acid glycerides found in naturally occurring fats and oils, together with fractionated components thereof.
• the fatty acids may be a mixture of acids split off from these fats or prepared from hydrogenaquiring homogenization. Furthermore, saponification in situ is possible either in the presence of mineral oil or a synthetic oleaginous compound which is inert to the saponification reaction.
• Example I hour and the kettle shut down over night. After standing over night stirring at 35 R. P. M. was begun and the saponification mixture dehydrated at 290-312" F. for four hours. At this point the soap had a very light tan color. The heat was then reduced and 12.2 pounds of mineral oil were added, The physical tests on th mineral oil and synthetic 'oleaginous compound are as-follows:
• the subject grease was tested in.a so-called plying excellent lubrication, the grease became semi-fluid toward the end of the test and drained from the bearing when the test was stopped.
• Example III grams ,of lithium 12-hydroxy stearate and 900 grams of di-2-ethylhexyl sebacate were mixed I and heated with stirring. At 350 Fjt-he'soap began to dissolve in the ester and at 390" F. was completely in solution. The solution was heated to 400F. and poured in a thin layer on the bottom of a grease pan, taking care that no thick spots were formed. After cooling, a smooth, but- I ,tery gel was formed which showed no signs of separation. The A. S. T. M. control worked penetration of the grease gel was 240 at 77 F. The product possessed the following calculated composition:
• said soap-forming F e 7 fatty material consisting of more than 50% by weight of a hydroxy soap-forming-fatty material selected from the group consisting of hydroxy fatty acids and hydroxy fatty acid glycerides, said grease composition being texture-stable under high shearing stress.
• ester is a branched chain aliphatic sebacate.
• a lubricating grease composition comprising as the major portion of the composition a lubricant base consisting of a minor proportion of mineral lubricating oil and a major proportion of an oil-soluble high molecular weight high boilin liquid branched chain aliphatic dies'ter of an allphatic .dicarboxyiic acid, sufficient lithium soap of a soap-forming fatty material consisting of a major proportion of hydrogenated castor oil and a minor proportion of a saturated soap-forming fatty acid to thicken said lubricant base, glycerine resulting from the saponification of said hydrogenated castor oil, and a small proportion of an oxidation inhibitor, said grease composition being texture-stable under high shearing stress.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=24463886

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Cited By (20)

Citations (14)

• 0
  • FR FR55206D patent/FR55206E/fr not_active Expired
• 1945
  • 1945-09-07 US US615074A patent/US2450222A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1946
  • 1946-08-26 GB GB25419/46A patent/GB635058A/en not_active Expired

Patent Citations (14)

Also Published As

Similar Documents