US244992A - Olivee s - Google Patents

Description

\ o. s. 'GARRETSON I y `SGHUOL DESK.

No. 244,992. Patented Aug. 2,1881.

.liza-en for:

UNITED-f STATES PATENT OFFICE.

j OLIVER' s. GAFRETSON, oF BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

SCHOOL-DESK.'

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 244,992, dated August 2, 1881.

` Application ined september 25,1879.

To all whom t'may concern:

Beit known that 1, OLIVER S. GAnRE'rsoN, of the city `of Buffalo, in the county of Erie and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in School-Furniture; and I do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference bein g had to the accompanying draw# ings,forming part of this speciiication.

This invention relates to improvements in the construction of school desks and seats, and has for its object to simplify theirconstruction, improve their appearance, and render them noiseless in their operation.

My invention consists, first, in the peculiar construction of the means. whereby the standard and'seat-arms are secured to the wooden back and` seat; second, inthe peculiar construction of the hinge whereby the seat is con-` nected with the standards; and, third, of a double tongue-and-groovejointof peculiar construction, whereby the slats of which the back and seat are composed lare readily secured together, as will be hereinafter fully set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation of my improved school desk and seat, with the latter raised. Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation in line nur, Fig. l, with the seatlowered. Fig. 3 is a cross-section, on an enlarged scale, through the seat-arm' and seat.

p Fig. 4 is an inside elevation, on an enlarged' scale, of one of the seat-arms. Fig.5is an inside elevation, on enlarged scale, of the seatjoint with the cap removed. Fig. 6 isasection in line y y, Fig. 5, with the cap in place. Fig. 7 is an outside elevation of the joint disk or knuckle of the standard on an enlarged scale. Fig. 8 is a cross-section through the slats of which the back and i seat are composed.

Like letters of reference refer to like parts in the several iigures.` A represents the slats ofl which the back and seat are composed. B represents the standards, and O the scat-arms.

The wooden portions of the back and seat are each provided on their sides against which the standards or seat-arms are fitted with grooves d, having au undercut outer side, d', and preferably constructed in the form of a dovetail groove, as shown in the drawings.

The standards and seat-arms are each constructed with a projecting rib or feather, E, of a length to fit in the groove d of the contiguous wooden part.

The feather E is constructedwith an inclined outer side, e, shaped to iit against the undercut outer side, d', of the groove, and an inclined inner side, e', made less steep than the outer inclined side, e. The inner inclined side, e', of the feather bears only against the outer edges of the groove d, as shown.

f are screw-lugs formed on that side of the standard or seat-arm on which the less-inclined side e of the feather E is arranged, and f' are screws which pass through the lugs f and enter the wooden portion of the seat or back.

In placing the feather E into lthe groove d of the respective wooden portion the less-inclined side e of the feather E comes in contact with the outered'ge of the groove d. and tends to move the feather sidewise in the groove until the steep side e of the feather strikes against the undercut side d of the groove. Upon applying and tightening the screws f the edge ot' the groove against which the side c of the feather bears yields partially and adapts itself to any inequalities which may eX- ist in the feather, and at the same time causes, in connection with the incline e', a wedgin g action, which forces the opposite side, c, of the feather against the undercut side df of the groove, whereby the feather is firmly secured in the groove. By this means a practically tight tit of thefeather in the groove and a iirm and reliable connection of the parts is produced without requiring great nicety in the manufacture of the castings.

G represents the joint knuckle or disk, formed on each standard below the seat, and H is the corresponding knuckle or disk formed on each seat-arm. h is the central hole, formed in each of the disks for the reception of the pivot-bolt h. The knuckle G is provided with two peripheral bearing-surfaces, I I ,"arran ged on opposite sides of the center of the joint. The

surface I is curved with a greater radius than the surface I', and both are connected by a radial shoulder or stop, t', at the upper ends of the surfaces. i is a similar .stop projecting outward from the lower end of the surface I.

j is a curved groove or depression formed in the outer side of each knuckle G, concentric IOO with the center thereof, and made of a length which permits the requisite movement of the seat. j' is acushion, of rubber or other elastic material, arranged in the lower portion of the groove j, and, if desired, a similar cushion may be arranged in the upper end thereof.

The knuckle or disk H, formed at the inner end ot' each seat-arm, bears against the outer side of each knuckle G.

k is araised curved tlange or shoulder formed on the disk H, and arranged to lit against thc peripheral surface I of the knuckle G.

l is a stop projecting inwardly from the curved shoulder r, and Z' is a stop projecting outwardly from said shoulder, both stops being adapted to engage, respectively, against the shoulders i and t" of the knuckle G when the seat is lowered.

'In is a lug formed on the inner side ot' the 'disk H and projecting into the curved groove j, and adapted to come in contact with the elastic cushion j' before the stops l Z' strike the stops t' i', thereby breaking the force of the concussion and preventing noise. The peripheral bearing-surfaces I I', in conjunction with the curved tlange ls andthe stops of the respective parts, serve to keep both parts of each joint in their proper relative position, thereby relieving the pivot-bolt from all strains and forming a simple and reliablejoint.

K is a cap or plate which covers the inner side of the joint, and prevents persons from getting their fingers between thc shoulders of the same.

n represents a rounded tongue or feather, and a' a rounded groove formed on each edge of each slat A, so that the tongue of one slat engages in the groove of the adjacent slat, each joint being formed by two tongues and two grooves, as clearly shown. The rounded form of the tongues and grooves causes avery close tit of the slats, which is very desirable when the ends of the slats are exposed, as in schoolfurniture, and it furthermore enables the slats to be put together very easily, and forms a strong joint when the slats are placed at an angle to each other, as in the seats and backs of scl1oolfurniture 5 and it permits the joints to be readily glued together, forming a nice and close joint, as the glue is evenly distributed over the rounded surfaces of the tongues and grooves, and the excess of glue readily discharged when the slats are clamped together.

I am aware that joints composed of a double tongue and groove having plane' contiguous surfaces and more or less sharp rectangular corners are not new, and I do not claim such construction, as it weakens the slats when arranged at an angle to each other, and is not as suitable for glue-joints, because it confines the glue in the grooves and prevents the slats from comin g closely together.

I claim as my invention- 1. In combination with the seat or back provided with a dovetail groove, d, having an undercut side d', of a seat-arm or standard constructed with a rib or feather, E, having one ofits inclined sides, c, adapted to fit against the undercut side d' of the groove, and having its opposite side, c', inclined with less pitch, and constructed to come in contact only with the outer edge of the groove d and screwlugs f on that side of the standard or seat-arm upon which the less incline side c' of the ribis arranged, whereby upon tightening the screws which pass through the screw-1u gs the ed ge of the groove d yields, and adapts itself to the inequalities of the casting and forces the rib E sidewise against the undercut side d' ofthe groove, substantially as set forth.

2. In a seat-joint, the combination, with a standard, B,constructed with a disk or knuckle, G, having two arc-shaped peripheral bearingsurfaces, l I', arranged on opposite sides of the center of thejoint, the surface I having a greater radius than the surface I', a shoulder or stop, t', connecting the two surfaces I I', and a shoulder or stop, vl', projecting outward from the surface I, and a curved groove, j, provided with an elastic cushion, j', of a seatarm constructed with a disk or knuckle, H, having a curved flange, k, fitting against the bearing-surface I, stops Z l', adapted to engage against the stops it" of the standard, and a projecting lug, m, engaging in the groove j, substantially as set forth.

3. A matched glue-joint, consisting ot' two half-round tongues, n, and similar grooves n', the tongues and grooves of two adjacent slats forming parallel S-shaped surfaces, which permit of a free escape of the excess of glue when the slats are clamped together, substantially as set forth.

OLIVER S. GARRETSON.

Witnesses:

E. N. MEAD, CHAUNCEY H. KING.

IOCA

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