US2448263A

US2448263A - Finger waving device

Info

Publication number: US2448263A
Application number: US700247A
Authority: US
Inventors: Hannon Lucile
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1946-09-30
Filing date: 1946-09-30
Publication date: 1948-08-31
Anticipated expiration: 1965-08-31

Description

Aug. 31, 1948. L HANNQN FINGER WAVING DEVICE Filed Sept. 30, 1946 2 Sheets-Sheet lq Um, GQ

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f/l/ rif/lill! am- E INVENTOR. Luc/1.5 HHN/VON Aug. 3l, 1948. L. HANNN 2,448,263

FINGER WAVINGDEVICE A Filed sept. so, 194e 2 sheets-sheet 2 HNNON INVENTOR.` LUC/LIE H Patentecl ug'. 31', 1948 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE FINGER WAVING DEVICE:

Lucile Hannon, Memphis, Tenn.

Application September 30, 1946, Serial No. 700,247

4 claims. 1

This invention relates to Winding devices for accomplishing hel-ical design and particularly relates to devices for curling or winding hair to form mechanically tha-t type Iof curl or wave known in the hair dressing art as a linger Wave.

In normal practice a nger wave is -set in wet hair, which upon drying assumes the gracefully curved lines desired. The set, in previous practice, has been accomplished by winding the wet hair about the operators finger, forming a curl and then pinning the curl in place for drying. This has been a tedious process which has required the expenditure of excessive time.

In other types of curling, the curl or wave is vset in the hair by the application of heat and it is highly desirable to provide a mechanical curler which includes heating means for effecting such setting.

Another of the difficulties encountered in hair dressing is the presence of a preexisting curl, either natural or applied, which should be removed in order to properly form the new hair design which is desired. In previous practice this curl removal has been a tedious process requiring much time and patience.

With my new device I have provided means for speedily and accurately forming curls in hair, which may be used to set wet hair or for heat setting of hair and which may be adapted for use in curl removing.

With these problems in view, th-e objects of this invention are to novelly provide:

A rod or cylinder for Winding hair having means for removing the wound hair therefrom without Idistorting 'the desired geometrical design of the curl as formed during the removal operation. Preferably the removal means should include means for returning the removal means to normal position.

A rotatable winding rod including an integral interna-l heating element rotatable therewith, in combination with motor means for mechanically effecting rotation.

Means for removing curls from hair rquickly and eillciently, which means are adapted for subsequent mechanical rotation 'to eiect formation o'f `desired curls or waves.

Means for 4selectively producing either right hand or left hand winding for hair curls.

A motor rotatable hair curling device including means for heating the device in which the motor .control and the heat con-trol are independent, whereby rotation may be accomplished, with or without heating, and heating may be accomplished with or Without rotation.

A rotatable hair curling device which includes means for receiving standard beauty shop appliances for which rotation is desirable.

As a primary object of the invention, to provide a motor driven hair curling device which includes a clu'tch combination adapted to diseng-age the device from its driving source responsive to pull of the hair thereon by which winding of hair is interrupted when the curl has been completed and before `the hair of the customer has been `so pulled vas to cause pain or discomfort.

And in general .to improve the design, efficiency and utility of such devices, by providing a small and compact device which is simple .and safe in its operation.

The means by which the foregoing and other objects of the invention are accomplished and the manner of their accomplishment will be readily understood from the attached spe'cication upon reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a side view, partly in section and partly in elevation of the device of this invention, showing the clutch .and Winding rod arrangement.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a preierred form of winding rod and a jacket assembly and showing the material removing collar in extended position.

'Fig. 3 is a sectional side View of an adapter member for the shaft of the device.

Fig. 3A is an end view of one form of the adapter of Fig. 3, including a cylindrical post portion.

Fig. 3B is an end view of another variation `of ithe adapter showing a ysquare vpost.

Fig. 3C is an end view of a further variation of 'the adapter showing a cross or X-shaped post.

Fig. 4 isa View similar to Fig. 1, partly in section and partly in elevation. of a variation of the device of this invention, including a winding rod having a heating element and showing the manner of electrical connection thereto -through the rotating shaft.

Fig. 15 is a longitudinal sec-tional view of a varia- 3 tion of the winding rod which includes a removable heating element.

Fig. 6 is a sectional View taken on the line VI-VI of Fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic view of the wiring and circuits of the device.

Fig. 8 is a sectional View taken on the line VIII-VIII of Fig. 4, showing the method 4of placing the heating elements within the winding rod.

Referring now to the drawings in which the various parts are indicated by numerals:

A casing II houses a standard reversible, constant speed, low power electric motor l2. Mounted on casing II and secured thereto as by machine screws Id is a supplemental casing I3 housing a clutch and rotating shaft.

In the construction of the device, it is found preferable to form it with a clutch which is adapted to snp and neu'irahze the cowphng. be." s *in which equations F is the desired axial force tween shaft and motor when the tension on the hair being wound exceeds a predetermined amount, which is that amount of tension which Would cause discomfortand pain to the :person whose hair is being wound if the pull of the tension is permitted to increase.

In the formation'of this slip clutch the armature shaft I5 of the electric motor is preferably so constructed as to include a ilat circular friction disc I5a which is preferablyy integral to the shaft I5 and is turned thereby upon rotation of the shaft. If preferred the disc I5a may be formed separately and integrally ysecured to the shaft IE by welding IG;

Mounted on and secured to the disc I5a is a ring Il having a high coefficient of friction, of which ring the outside radius is substantially equal to the radius of the disc I5a and the inside radius is of such length as to define a friction band, the size of which is suilcient to transmit power of a predetermined amount. It will be seen that the ring il has a mean radius r dened by the equation:

in which r1 is the outside radius of the ring and 12 the inside radius thereof. It -will be noted that the band surface of ring I'I may .be so varied in order to provide a surface for transmitting whatever amount of power is desired.

Normally in frictional engagement with the ring I'I is a disc i9, preferably of metal, having its dimension substantially equal to the dimensions of the disc IEa and preferably having its surface which engages the ring I1 polished. Preferably integral to the disc I9 is a centrally projecting shaft lea, extending outward therefrom through and beyond the end of the casing I3, the shaft being preferably journalled in a sleeve bushing 2I anchor-ed inthe neck of the casing I3. The shaft I9a is adapted to freely rotate within the bushing 2|, and in addition is slidable therewithin for the purpose of permitting engagement and disengagement of the clutch discs, in the manner hereinafter described.

The' disc clutch engagement is accomplished by a compression spring 23 within the casing I3, one end of the spring 23 bearing against the inner side of the end wall of casing I3 and the other H end of the spring bearing against the disc I9 and holding that disc normally in contact with the ring I'I, whereby upon rotation of the disc I5a and the ring Il by the shaft I5, the frictional engagement of the ring I'I with the disc I9 `will III 4 effect rotation of the latter disc and the shaft I9a carried thereby.

In order to accomplish the required clutch slippage effective upon tension on the shaft in excess of the predetermined amount to neutralize the engagement of the clutch members, the strength of spring 23 is of prime importance, and this strength must be such as to hold the disc I9 into frictional engagement with the ring I'I during normal rotation while being able to yield to tension in excess of the predetermined amount. The strength of this spring may then be determined by the equation:

in pounds of the spring 23; H is the horsepower to be transmitted to the shaft I9a through disc I5a, ringl Il and disc I9; (mu) is the coefficient of friction of ring I1 and disc I9; r is the mean radius of the ring I'I, as previously determined hereinabove; N is the number of frictional surfaces; S is the speed of the ring I1 in revolutions per minute; and 63,000 is a constant of power transmitted by disc clutches.

The spring 23 abuts the shaft side of the disc I9 and the disc is freely rotatable beneath the spring, although the spring normally holds it against any reciprocable movement toward the end wall of the casing I3 untilthe pull on the rod exceeds the axial force of the spring, at which time slippage of disc I9 on ring Il occurs.

At its outer end the shaft ISA is adapted to receive a sleeve and impart a, direct drive thereto and may be provided with a recess 24 housing a ball 25, spring loaded by a spring 2E, the ball and spring being fitted within the recess so that a minor portion of the ball is projected from the surface of th-e shaft, the ball being held against further projection as by peeningof the upper edges of the recess 24, the spring 2E urging the ball into protrusion from the shaft.

A preferred form of winding rod to be used in this invention consists of a rod having a cylindrical hollow base portion 2l adapted to snugly fit on shaft ISa and having a recess 29 adapted to t over the protruding ball 25 and eifect a snap fit of the base portion on the shaft, preventing `accidental removal of the winding rod from the shaft.

The base portion internally terminates in a shoulder 3l adapted to seat on the end of shaft lea, limiting the movement of the portion onto the shaft. Externally the winding rod is provided with an integralannular flange 33 having a radius substantially larger than the radius of the rod. k Anchored to the flange 33 as by anchor clips 34 is a tension spring 35 of suiiicient length and strength to permit its extension to the full lengthof the Winding rod without exceeding its elastic limits. Anchored to the opposite end of spring 35, as by similar anchor cli-ps 34, is a collar 31 having an integral sleeve portion 31a. The winding rod consists preferably of a hollow extended cylindrical portion 39 integral with and extending from the base portion 2l.` The sleeve 31a is adapted to slidingly fit the surface of the cylindrical portion 39 and the collar 31 may be slidingly moved to the end l'of the cylindrical portion 39 so as to clear and wipe from the cylindrical portion 39 material or hair which has been iound thereabout, and, uponi release. or the collar 51?' springV 35z is. adapted to return the; sleeve andi collar to,y the. original. position. adjacent: Hanger; 33e

l The.y outer diameter of. the cylindrical portion, is equali to the desired inner diameter of the! curl) or ring to. be form-edi the to bewound, inasmuch as curls of.` different size are de-l sirabld. the cylindrical. portions. 39 and. their inte' gnali loase portions. 2?!4 are, in the. manner: pointedI out, made removable so that cylindrical; portions: ot; desired diameters may loe.1 interchangeablyused with. the; device, 'It will he; seen'. that in ligs.v 1. and'Y 2; cylindrical rods. of; different diameters; are: illustrated, and. it,v will: be understood' that ther diameter of the; cylindrical.. portion 3a 'may be, varied: to. provide a. cylindricalA portion o'fany desired; diameter., Preferablythe.` cylindricalportionsr are. hollowl to provide for the optional` inesertionI of additionaldevices in the manner-hereinafter described.

The; motor is preferably provided. with. spring: loaded switches 4l, onef'of the,` switches, asshown in-.Fig:,7, being, adaptedltoeenergize the motorforf lefthand: Winding and` the;v other ofthe switches; beingadapted. to energize. the motor: for right' hand: winding. These switchesv are normally springt-held: in olf-v position. so. that. the switch mustbe held depressed' in orde-r tor.:` eiectlopera.- tion of the device. lnthiamannercubol of the device maybe readily eifectedby merely removing the. ingen'with. which the switch is, held depressed..

In. the. operation; of the device, the hair to be curled is,v secured to', a cylindrical portion. 33.101? desired diametergby. the-useof. a. binder of; well known type, or by manually.A Winding a few turns. fof. hair; alooutthev portion 39e. operation.` is begun byrthe depressionY of theaswitcnI 4l selected; andY they hair, which. hasl beensecured to the cylindrcal; portion. 3,5',- is tightly.: lwound. thereabout as' az. result, of the rotation; of the;- Winding rod.y by the motor.` Asztheswindingapproaches the scalp" of thel customer the tension on thecylindricalportion 35'increases until it reaches'ladjacent thev scalp, the predetermined. amountl of." tension', which if. exceeded would'result inl azpainful pull of: the customersnhair; At thispoint: therpullil on the cylindrical portion overcomesxtheztension off spring 23g neutralizingthe frictionalvl engagement:.of-clutch disc |9.With ring I 'Il Cut-offoi'".

the motor-may thenxbe-effected by releasing the switch. which: has been depressed andthe' collar. 352i movedito the outer endlof the cylindricalfporytion: 38, smoothly wipingthe wound'hair there;-

irom and compacting.. itazinto` a, ringletf. or: curl which may, then.be secured.' in position. by the use Onasuitable pin, setting vbeing therebyxeect: ed; Uponsecuring the ringletin position .the collar 3.1 .may be released-.and returned by the springI 35ctorthe original position adjacent' theange 3.3; This-Winding operation isrepeated'as many timesas is .necessary vto eiect .the desiredtnumber. of v'curls or ringlets and-whenfcurls of differing: diameterfare desired, cylindrical portions 3l`of'the desired diameter-may be substituted lfor the cylin-A drical portion 39 originally in use. It willithus beseenthatby the useioffthis device, ,curls of fthe: SOL-called' inn-ger curl type may be speedily and iaccurately formed in amannerfhitlierto impossible: Y Invaddition there-are manyfstandard-devices usedin beauty parlors which it isdesii'ableto rotate; and" forr this purpose-Iv have-provided an adapterfmember/ 43which \is similar information totl'ie liollowcylindricalbase'portion 21 of the' windinglv rodl and which4 includes a' recess' 291 adaptec'ltoi 'nt 2-5 forsecurine'. the.' adaptc'zi'oni theshaftt'v |9a; The: adaptarla' preferably provided* with a. projecting post, portion: 45 which may En' cylindrical; squarefor: x1sna-pedf to. provide: for" various ttings of standard implements d'elsiwed tozbeusecttherecn.. 'llnusia threadapten slipped over' the end o'i' the. shaft lisa'. and the stendardi appliance ntted ont@ the post: 45t, rotation o' the standards appliances: being;v thereafter readily am complished Fig. 4 ai desiralle variation. of. the'i devlce is: i'llustratedl in which: the. motor and' clutch. ar-i rangement. shown in Fig.v li are subs'tantiatllyfduf-c pl'cat'edi. In theX device asl illustrated in Figi 43 the-- winding: rodis= fabricated with` heating.: coils? ro'reffect-ing heatingtlrereof during rotation, and 'the sha/ft. on which' the' Winding` rod isy to be" mounted i's provided! witll means io'rl' effecting? electrical. connectiont'o. the heating;r coils tdprovide energy tlrl'ere'toi even'. during'.r rotation the? shaft.

As illustrated; brushes 5|? aremountedn with7 in: the casing I3,A upon.' af dielectric' element these vbrushes being.' in: electrical connection W'thl Y the source offelectricpower vtflii'chfisl utilizcdfoxi operating.v thei electric motor'. Contacting' the brushes 5| are rotatabl'e rings153g B3n whiclr-am* adapted. to supply current through the rotat'ed shafti55. The rings-533 51111,l are mounte'dzonfafdi@ electric: ring: 51 whichi is integral Witnfadisc591.

the disc 59 being. otherwise similar: t'oi the" discv lglillustrated inlFi'g. 1.

Securedy to rings 53;. 53are'spectively are; lead wires 6i, Bla whicnare insulateduand are: pref;- erablyj oi'nedl together into a= .cableSFSa- The=cable 63T isextendedi througli.' thef disc 58" and? longi-A tudinallyy within theisliaft 515i`- whicli is-pr'ovid'e'di with: a channel-way 54 to receive' thel'e'ad'wircsfl The point of entrance .through-the disc Sais-pref.'-` erably 'substantially' centrally thereof, butin any: event musti be'lwithin the innerradiusof therln'g' Mi At it'souter.-` end shaftl` 5511s provided? preti' era'bly with' ai malefitting?r 61 to which' tli'el4 lead wires areconnecteda-ndffor-m an electricalplug thereof It` will bev noted tirati-With' this'las'se'mblyl a, rotatable electrical connection is provided; the` disc 59, dielectric ring 51 and rings 53, 53u; tolgiether wlththe lead wires therefrom; rotatingas a uniti there b'eing no relative rotationy between`V these aparts.' Thesh'aft 55i is 'preferably provided' with grooves.- 69' which.l are' diametrically opposite' and lie in the same plane with the electrical plug-1. 6-1

Withinthe casing |3'the'spring 23 isv segregated` from :contactrwitti -theleadwires and vrings bysep arating collars l, lla,v one`of Whicli'ispreferaidljn integral Witl'rthe disc 5'9"=andi rotatable therewith andthe' other of'fwliicli isV preferably" mounted on the/innerrside.off'theendfwallfof casing I3: Tliei owfoffcurrent into'the2br'uslies'51`, 5 la andtliere from=througlithe lead Wires into the electrical plugfilis preferablyl'controlled by aswi't'cl'i' 135; operable" independentlyk of the.- switch 1HY and.` adapted 'toenergize the plug "51`- whether the elec#- tri'c'zmot'orris-in operation or not.. l

The fpreferred 'form :of/ winding rod.V to be. used Witl' this .'variation'of the-device incud'esa hole4 low cylindrical base portion 15, preferably of plastic, whicl'rsnugly ts' the Yshaf t 1551 andhas securedtli'erewithina spring clip 11 Whicli is adaptedf toengage-one of the grooves 69`on the shaft'55- so that the'winding-rod is keyed thereb'y to'lth'e shaftforuse.` The winding rod is providedwith"T an integral angev'33; a tension spring 35`an'd-"col' lar' 31" and'sleeveportion' 31a in=1nanner similar to that heretofore described for the winding rod. Th-e winding rod includes internal resistance wires 19 which are preferably molded within the plastic rod, which is formed as a cylindrical portion 8|'.

v-In the form illustrated in Fig. 4, the cylindrical portion 8| is longitudinally slotted as by slot 83, the slot 83 being adapted to have a lock of hair inserted therewithin; this slot being adapted for use in the removal of curls from the hair. Within the base portion 15 the winding rod is provided with contact posts 85 positioned in the same plane as lspring clip 11 so that upon keying of spring 11 into one of grooves 69 electrical contact between th-e electrical plug 61 andthe contact posts 85 is insured. The winding rod, including the slot 83, is particularly adapted for the removal of curls from a lock of hair inserted therein7 in which operation the heating elements 19 are energized by the moving of switch 13 to on position, the connection thereinto being eected through the electrical plug 61 and contact posts 85. The heated. winding rod is then moved alongthe lockof hair inserted in the slot, effecting thereby a smoothing action which, in cooperation with the heat, will remove undesired curls `from the lock of hair.

Inl Fig. 5, a further variation of the winding rod is shown which includes the cylindrical portion 39 and a hollow base lportion 21 with a spring clip 11 substituted for the ball and

spring

25, 26, shown in Fig. l. It will, therefore, be understood that the shaft I9a `of Fig. 1 may be formed, as is shaft 55, with grooves 69 adapted to receive the spring clip 11. In addition, in Fig. 5 a removable heating element is sho-wn inserted therein, this heating element comprising a plug 93 of dielectric material adapted to slidably fit within the hollow cylindricalportion 39 and having internal resistance Wires 95 embedded therein, these wires terminating in contact posts 91 similar to the contact posts 85 hereinabove described. It will be seen that by the use of this removable heating plug a winding rod of the type illustrated in Figs.

1 and 2 may be converted to a heatable winding rod adapted for` use with the device as illustrated in Fig. 4. l

- It will be understood that the winding rods may be provided with eitherform o-f spring shown and that the rotatable shafts may be formed with a clip receiving groove or with a spring loaded ball as desired.

In operation yof the device for heat setting of the hair, the hair is secured to cylindrical member 39 `in manner similar to that heretofore described. Heating elements 93 are energized by moving switch 13 to on position completing the icircuit to the source of power. Motor switch 4I is depressed, effecting rotation and winding of the hair as heretofore described, the hair being heated by theheat from the heating elements, as winding is effected, and the vcurl imparted thereb-y to the hair. When the curl has been heat set, the wound hair may then be wiped from the cylinder by collar 31, thewiping action compacting the hair into ringlet form in which it may be pinned in position on the customers head.

I claim: 1. A device for curling hair, comprising a motor, a shaft coupled to said motor and adapted for hair winding rotation thereby, and a winding rod assembly removably -secured yto said shaft :and rotatable thereby to effectwinding of said hair thereabout, said assembly including an elongated finger-like cylindrical member adapted to receive sala. hair for Winding, an annular collarv snugly fitted on said cylindrical member adjacent the base thereof, said collar being slidable along said member in wiping contact with the surface thereof, and means resisting sliding movement of said collar to hold said collar adjacent said member base during rotation of said member, said wiping contact being adapted to compact hair wound on said member for removal therefrom in ringlet form.

2. A device for curling hair, comprising a motor. a rotatable shaft, a slip clutch coupling said shaft to said motor for hair winding rotation thereby and a winding rod assembly removably secured to said shaft and rotatable thereby to effect winding of said hair thereabout, said assembly including an elongated finger-like cylindrical member adapted to receive said hair for winding, slippage of said clutch being effected by tension on said member in excess of hair winding tension, an annular collar snugly tted on said cylindrical member adjacent the base thereof, said collar being slidable along said member `in wiping contact with the surface thereof, and means resisting sliding movement of said collar to hold said collar adjacent said member base during rotation of said member, said wiping contact being adapted to compact hair wound on said member for removal therefrom in ringlet form.

3. A device for curling hair, comprising a casing, a motor in said casing, means for connecting said motor to a source of electrical power, a shaft coupled to said motor for rotation thereby, rotatable electrical means carried by said shaft adapted for connection with said source of power, and a winding rod assembly removably secured to said shaftl and rotatable thereby to effect winding of said hair thereabout, said assembly including an elongated finger-like cylindrical member adapted to receive said hair for winding, a heating unit removably inserted within said cylindrical member electrically contacting said shaft-carried electrical means for energizing of said unit by said source of power to heat said cylindrical member, an annular collar snugly fitted on said cylindrical member adjacent the base thereof, said collar being slidable along said member in wiping contact with the surface thereof, means resisting sliding movement of said collar tohold said collar adjacent said member base during rotation of said member, said wiping contact being adapted to 'compact hair wound on said member for removal therefrom in ringlet form, and switch means mounted on said casing for controlling said electrical connections.

4. A device for curling hair, comprising a casing, a motor in said casing, means for connecting said motor to a source of electrical power, a shaft coupled to said motor for rotation thereby, electrical means carried by said shaft and rotatable therewith, adapted for connection with said source of power, and a winding rod assembly removably secured to said shaft and rotatable thereby' to effect winding of said hair thereabout, said lassembly including an elongated finger-like cylindrical member adapted to receive said hair forwinding, a heating unit within said cylindrical member electrically contacting said shaft-carried electrical means for energizing of said unit by said source of power to heat said cylindrical member, an annular collar snugly fitted on s-aidcylindrical member adjacent the base thereof, said collar being slidable along said member in wiping contact With the surface thereof,.means resisting sliding movement of said collar to hold said collar adjacent said member base during rotation of UNITED STATES PATENTS said member, said wiping contact being adapted to compact hair wound on said member for re- Number .Name Date 2,381,195 Whittaker t Aug. 7, 1945 moval therefrom in rmglet form, and switch 1759 265 Kunn et al Ma 20 1930 means mounted on said casing for controlling 5 2158800 Leland M 5716 1939 said electrical connections. 2160362 H b ay o 9 .v 1 u er May 3 1,820,498 Rawley Aug. 25, 1931 REFERENCES CITED FOREIGN PATENTS The following references are of record in the 10 Number Country Date file of this patent: 500,182 Germany Sept. 22, 1931