US2442331A - Process of producing rayon - Google Patents

Process of producing rayon Download PDF

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Publication number
US2442331A
US2442331A US322755A US32275540A US2442331A US 2442331 A US2442331 A US 2442331A US 322755 A US322755 A US 322755A US 32275540 A US32275540 A US 32275540A US 2442331 A US2442331 A US 2442331A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
viscose
spinneret
filaments
dissolved
spinning
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US322755A
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English (en)
Inventor
Cresswell Arthur
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
North American Rayon Corp
Original Assignee
North American Rayon Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL82603D priority Critical patent/NL82603C/xx
Priority to BE475205D priority patent/BE475205A/xx
Application filed by North American Rayon Corp filed Critical North American Rayon Corp
Priority to US322755A priority patent/US2442331A/en
Priority to GB20834/47A priority patent/GB634868A/en
Priority to FR950922D priority patent/FR950922A/fr
Priority to CH269141D priority patent/CH269141A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2442331A publication Critical patent/US2442331A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F2/06—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from viscose
    • D01F2/08—Composition of the spinning solution or the bath
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F2/06—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from viscose
    • D01F2/08—Composition of the spinning solution or the bath
    • D01F2/10—Addition to the spinning solution or spinning bath of substances which exert their effect equally well in either

Definitions

  • Sulphuric acid is conventionally used in viscose spin baths. Even if the deposit of impurities is insuflicient to entirely close the spinneret orifices, it causes variations in the denier and cross sections of the filaments which in turn impart undesirable properties to the finished viscose products. Also, so-called spinning hooks tend to form at the obstructions, either in or around the orifices of the spinneret, which, when filaments are extruded therethrough, will tend to cause a temporary interruption of the spinning of a filament at the orifice affected, thus occasioning tearing of the filament. These deficiencies necessitate frequent and expensive spinneret changes and cause an increase in lower quality yarns.
  • incrustation of spinnerets is especially noticeable when metal spinnerets made from gold, gold-platinum, gold-palladium, platinumrhodium, tantalum, or any other corrosion-resistant metal, are used, this deficiency is also experienced with spinnerets manufactured from artificial ruby and other semi-precious stones.
  • the prevention of incrustation is becoming more and more important with the increasing tendency in the art to spin finer denier filaments which necessitates the use of smaller orifices.
  • Polymerized alkylene oxides adapted to be used in combination with viscose solutions and/or acid spin baths, may be prepared in accordance with processes set forth in British Patent No. 346,550, German Patent No. 597,496, and French Patent No. 7 50,520, issued to I. G. Maschinenindustrie A. G. 'The degree of polymerization of alkylene oxides may be varied to a large extent by varying the conditions under which polymerization is induced, and I have found that polymers of alkylene and ethylene oxides having a degree of polymerization above 30 are especially useful for preventing spinneret incrustations provided they are sufficiently soluble and stable in spin baths and/or viscose solutions.
  • the alkylene oxides adapted to be polymerized have the structure Ron in which R represents hydrogen, an alkyl, a cycloal yl or an aryl radical.
  • Example I A conventional viscose solution was spun into a well-known acid spin bath containing sulphuric acid, sodium sulphate, magnesium sulphate and a small quantity of zinc sulphate.
  • a polymerized ethylene oxide having a polymerization degree of about 91 manufactured under the trade name "Wax 4000" by Carbide and Carbon Chemicals Corp., New York, N, Y.
  • Wax 4000 trade name
  • Example 11 The surface-active compound, set forth in Example I, was added to a conventional viscose solution before spinning, and it inhibited the formation oi incrustation of the spinneret through which the solution was extended to form viscose rayon during a long run.
  • Example III The surface-active compound set forth in Example I was added to both the spin bath-and the viscose solution and it inhibited the formation of incrustation on the spinnerets for a relatively long period of time.
  • polyethylene oxide having a polymerization degree of about 34 manufactured under the trade name "Carbowax 1500 by Carbide and Carbon Chemicals Corp., New York, N. Y.) polymerized propylene oxides, nonaethylene glycol, etc.
  • the viscose solution to be extruded through the orifices of a spinneret may contain additional compounds such as delustrants, proteins (casein), etc. Since in the spinning of high strength yarns, i. e., yarns having a dry strength of at least 2 grams per denier, such as those used in tire constructions and mechanical rubber goods (belts, hose, etc.) and in the well-known continuous spinning processes, the contamination of the spinnerets is particularly serious, this invention is of special importance in this field.
  • alkylene oxides for example, polyethylene oxides which are not only sufficiently soluble and stable in acid spin baths but" which in addition are capable of precipitating negatively charged colloidal particles occurring as contaminations in the spin bath, such as for example, colloidal sulphur particles prevent the clogging of spinneret orifices more efiectively than alkylene oxides which do not precipitate negatively charged particles.
  • alkylene oxide is intended to cover ethylene oxide per se, its homologues (for example, propylene oxide, etc.) and substitution products thereof.
  • the step which comprises spinning the viscose filaments in the presence of a very small amount of a dissolved, substantially stable surface-active polymerized ethylene oxide, whereby incrustation of the spinneret during the spinning operation is substantially inhibited.
  • the step which comprises spinning the viscose filaments in the presence of a very small amount of a dissolved, substantially stable, surface-active polymerized ethylene oxide, whereby incrustation of the spinneret during the spinning operation is substantially inhibited.
  • the step which comprises spinning the viscose filaments in the presence of a very small amount of a dissolved, substantially stable, surface-active polymerized ethylene oxide, whereby incrustation of the spinneret during the spinning operation is substantially inhibited.
  • a viscose yarn wherein a viscose solution is extruded through minute orifices of a spinneret into an acid, zinc sulphatecontaining precipitating bath to form filaments and the like therefrom, the step which comprises spinning the viscose filaments in the presence of a very small amount of a dissolved, substantially stable, surface-active polymerized ethylene oxide, whereby incrustation of the spinneret during the spinning operation is substantially inhibited.
  • a viscose spin bath for coagulating viscose filaments therein containing a small amount of a dissolved, substantially stable, surface-active polymerized ethylene oxide.
  • a viscose spin bath for coagulating viscose filaments therein, containing a dissolved zinc salt and a small amount of a dissolved, substantially stable, surface-active polymerized ethylene oxide.
  • a viscose spin bath for coagulating viscose filaments therein, containing zinc sulphate and a small amount of a dissolved, substantially stable, surface-active polymerized ethylene oxide.
  • a viscose solution containing a small amount of a dissolved, substantially stable, surface-active polymerized ethylene oxide is provided.
  • the step which comprises spinning the viscose filaments in the presence of a very small amount of a dissolved, substantially stable, surface-active polymerized alkylene oxide, whereby incrustatlon of the spinneret during the spinning operation is substantially inhibited.
  • the step which comprises spinning the viscose filaments in the presence of a very small amount of a dissolved, substantially stable, surface-active polymerized alkylene oxide, whereby incrustation of the spinneret during the spinning operation is substantially inhibited.
  • the step which comprises spinning the viscose filaments in the presence of a small amount of a dissolved, substantially stable, surface-active polymerized alkylene oxide, whereby incrustation of the spinneret during the spinning operation is substantially inhibited.
  • the step which comprises spinning the viscose filaments in the presence of a very small amount of a dissolved, substantially stable, surface-active polymerized alkylene oxide, whereby incrustation oi the spinneret during the spinning operation is substantially inhibited.
  • the step which comprises spinning the viscose filaments in the presence of a very small amount of a dissolved, substantially stable, surface-active polymerized alkylene oxide, whereby incrustatlon or the spinneret during the spinning operation is substantially inhibited, said alkylene oxide having a polymerization degree above 30.
  • the step which comprises spinning the viscose filaments in the presence of a very small amount of a dissolved, substantially stable, surface-active polymerized ethylene oxide, whereby incrustatlon of the spinneret during the spinning operation is substantially inhibited, said ethylene oxide having a polymerization degree above 30.
  • a viscose spin bath for coagulating viscose filaments therein, containing a small amount of a. dissolved, substantially stable, surface-active polymerized alkylene oxide.
  • a viscose spin bath for coagulating viscose filaments therein, containing a dissolved zinc salt and a small amount of a dissolved, substantially stable, surface-active polymerized alkylene oxide.
  • a viscose spin bath for coagulating viscose filaments therein, containing zinc sulphate and a small amount of a dissolved, substantially stable, surface-active polymerized alkylene oxide.
  • a viscose spin bath comprising water, sulphuric acid, zinc sulphate and about 0.0001 to 0.05% by weight of a dissolved, substantially stable, surface-active polymerized alkylene oxide.
  • a viscose spin bath comprising water, sulphuric acid, zinc sulphate and about 0.0001 to 0.05% by weight of a dissolved, substantially stable, surface-active polymerized ethylene oxide.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
US322755A 1940-03-07 1940-03-07 Process of producing rayon Expired - Lifetime US2442331A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL82603D NL82603C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1940-03-07
BE475205D BE475205A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1940-03-07
US322755A US2442331A (en) 1940-03-07 1940-03-07 Process of producing rayon
GB20834/47A GB634868A (en) 1940-03-07 1947-07-31 Improvements in process of producing rayon
FR950922D FR950922A (fr) 1940-03-07 1947-08-04 Procédé de production de la rayonne de viscose sans incrustation des filières
CH269141D CH269141A (fr) 1940-03-07 1947-08-07 Procédé de production d'articles en viscose.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US322755A US2442331A (en) 1940-03-07 1940-03-07 Process of producing rayon

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2442331A true US2442331A (en) 1948-06-01

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ID=23256258

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US322755A Expired - Lifetime US2442331A (en) 1940-03-07 1940-03-07 Process of producing rayon

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US2442331A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE475205A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH269141A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR950922A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB634868A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL82603C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2593466A (en) * 1948-07-16 1952-04-22 Ind Rayon Corp Viscose spinning solution
US2852333A (en) * 1954-05-21 1958-09-16 Du Pont Viscose spinning process
US2937922A (en) * 1954-03-24 1960-05-24 Rayonier Inc Viscose process
DE1122214B (de) * 1955-05-09 1962-01-18 Courtaulds Ltd Verfahren zur Herstellung gekraeuselter Cellulosehydratfaeden
US3031320A (en) * 1955-08-22 1962-04-24 Atlas Chem Ind Spinning of viscose
US3077375A (en) * 1955-08-22 1963-02-12 Atlas Chem Ind Spinning of viscose

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1921378A (en) * 1929-11-27 1933-08-08 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Production of polymerization products from alkylene oxides
US1959930A (en) * 1930-05-22 1934-05-22 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Hydroxy-alkyl ethers of polyhydric alcohols and their production
GB487652A (en) * 1936-11-07 1938-06-23 British Celanese Improvements in the manufacture and application of polymerised alkylene oxides

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1921378A (en) * 1929-11-27 1933-08-08 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Production of polymerization products from alkylene oxides
US1959930A (en) * 1930-05-22 1934-05-22 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Hydroxy-alkyl ethers of polyhydric alcohols and their production
GB487652A (en) * 1936-11-07 1938-06-23 British Celanese Improvements in the manufacture and application of polymerised alkylene oxides

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2593466A (en) * 1948-07-16 1952-04-22 Ind Rayon Corp Viscose spinning solution
US2937922A (en) * 1954-03-24 1960-05-24 Rayonier Inc Viscose process
US2852333A (en) * 1954-05-21 1958-09-16 Du Pont Viscose spinning process
DE1122214B (de) * 1955-05-09 1962-01-18 Courtaulds Ltd Verfahren zur Herstellung gekraeuselter Cellulosehydratfaeden
US3031320A (en) * 1955-08-22 1962-04-24 Atlas Chem Ind Spinning of viscose
US3077375A (en) * 1955-08-22 1963-02-12 Atlas Chem Ind Spinning of viscose

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL82603C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB634868A (en) 1950-03-29
CH269141A (fr) 1950-06-30
FR950922A (fr) 1949-10-11
BE475205A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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