US2442237A - Internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

May 25, 1948. o. z. FRAZIER 2,442,237

INTERNAL--COMBUSTION ENGINE 2 Shets-Sheet 1 Filed Sept. 15, 1945 Invantor Orville Z. Frazier Attorney May 25, 1948. o. z. FRAZIER INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 15, 1945 INVENTOR. Orr/i112 Z. Frazier Qwe Patented May 25, 1948 2,442,237.: INTEBNABrCOMBUSTIONENGINE' OrvillvZL-Etazienfilkhart, IniL, assignonoi onedresem-Elkharthlndz Application September 15, 1945, Sferi'a1No. 616,603.

2: Glaims;

This invention relates to internal combustion tice.

Another'object isto regulate-fuel admissiontothe crankcase-of a two cycle engineby anovel valve mechanism, afiordi-ngan accurate and efficient control of the intake periodin a relatively inexpensive manner, and assuring-an adequate crankcase supply ofcarbureted air.

Another objectis to provide an improved engine particularly adapted'tobe built-in small sizes as power units-formodelaeroplanes and the-like= These andvarious other ob'jectsare attained by the construction hereinafter described 1 and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. l is-asectionalelevation of my improved engine, the plane of section including both the shaft and cylinder axes;

Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation taken on the line 2--2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a side elevational View of Jtheengine; partially in section on the.,line ,3.-.-3 .of Fig, 1.

Fig. 4 is a sectional detail taken on the line 4-4 ofiFig. 2.

Fig-5 is-a sectional i viewlof my engine as modified: by the useortwin-cylinders, the plane of section including the cylinderand shaft axes.

Fig. 6 is .a: relatively transverse: section taken onthe linev i -B ot Fig. 5.

Describing first the construction as shown in Figs. l-4, the reference. character I designates view. taken on the transversely to a crankcase of approximate rectangular shape,

and. .formed with circular openings 2 in itsside walls 2a. Cover plates 3 and3aior the openings 2 are secured by bolts 31) to the walls 2a. and are cupped to extend through said openings into the crankcase to reduce its volume. Bearings 4a and 412 for a shaft 4 are centrally formed on the plates 3 and 3a, as outward projections thereadjacent' to itsfperiphervwitli from; Between the covr plates; pair'ofdupli-- catevalve crease are slidingly splind earneshaft, respectively'in s same" contadtfwith the respective cover plates} and 'each' disk is fo'rnied an: arcuate sieves; serving as a mariners-pert; flea-intents ar centered" at the shaft aX-is and in rn utua-l regist-ratiorr parallel'to axis. carhuietfor 6; ofa highly simplified type as illiis'tia ,"is ar ranged' todeliver' fuel "to a pas's'age l "underlying the" crankcase and having two upwardly directed? outlets 8350 spaced andfibirriecf as tb delivei' fuel through the walls t 'at opposed points thereof near the crankcase bottom, and against the-disks 5 in tlie-rotarypaths-of tlie slots 5bf --B etween the-disksi there ar fiiied onthesli'a'fti d aringty-pe eccentric e a's ai di'iv-ing lement for the shaft and a circular weight w for- "counter balancing the eccentric; the 'weifght' havin'g an eceentrieity to ma nate oppose d to" th A eccentric." Preferably said eccentric arrd weight: are-laterally abutting-'and-ilfiave openings! l con tinuousl-yextending through bothi-tliereofinlprox imity to the" shaft for" receiving small coiled springs H a which are" compressedhetwee'n and impose a sealing pressure on mssneememiske 5. The eccentric 9 fits w-ithin-aniopening i2 0? a=yok-e- 13', said yoke andiopening b" ing elong ated the shait adequately to afiordthe eccentric its= shait -driving rotationi To apfiW such rotation,- the yoke must rec-iprocateeuptand; down (transversely to its elongation) mini is: guided in such reciprocation 1 bye engagementi of its endswith opposed parallel: walls. [4: of i the crankcase.

For" reciprocatingthe yoke;- it is rigidly? con nected by: a plate lit-to :anpistonil'li sliding-Xma cylinder l'l' surmountinghe: crankcaseeandsrig idly attached to'the latter by bolts IBH The pIaSE- and yoke preferably havesubstantiallwtneesame thickness as th'e eccentric, swthatithey "niaylifit as does the eccentric between thefiweight i Brand one of the. valvewdisk'sr The piston: 6",- .differentiating sharplyn fromecommon practice has its skirt extending. toward :the headed :outer: end fof" the cylinder,- and the: cylinderrsheads, l9; whichifis held: in. .place byl the bblt'sf: 18;! has: a .co'nsider ablerinward extension i-adapted: to 'nterr-the piston with a-sminimum .1aterai.icli'aa'rancewhen the-piston is ir r its outermost position l (not shown); Irrarrivingatits position the piston uncovers one or more exhaust ports 2| in the cylinder wall, and one or more intake ports 22 in the inner end portion of the piston are also uncovered. In all other illustrated-innermost throughout the major portion of the upstroke 1 a responsive to the resultant pressure drop. At the same time a charge of fuel, previously drawn into the cylinder through the piston ports, .is being compressed and such compressed charge is ignited by the spark plug when the piston is in.

a substantially raised position. As the piston completes its resultant downward power stroke, it uncovers the exhaust and promptly thereafter uncovers the intake ports of the piston. The illustrated arrangement of the intake and exhaust ports spaces them apart considerably more than has been the prior practice in two cycle engines, thereby affording spent gases a better chance of escape without contaminating incoming fuel. Also location of the intake ports near the bottom of the cup shaped piston permits incoming fuel to accumulate upwardly from said bottom displacing the exhaust gases toward the exhaust ports. Thus fuel loss through exhaust ports is materially reduced as compared to present practice and fuel contamination is materially reduced. I

Driving the shaft from the piston through the yoke l3 and eccentric 9 derives various advantages, as compared to the common drive established by a crank orcrank disk. As is well known, the common connecting rod drive exerts a considerable lateral thrust on a piston in the plane of connecting rod oscillation, such thrust being commonly designated side slap. The tendency toward side slap is rendered much less through the type of drive illustrated and any such tendency is overcome completely by utilizing the yoke as a crosshead guided by the walls M of the crankcase.

A further advantage of the yoke and eccentric drive is that it lends itself toa compact installation of the valve disks 5 which effect accurate metering and timing of fuel delivery to the crankcase. V

In eliminating connecting rods the described drive secures another important advantage. It is well known that the wear and breakage of connecting rods is a frequent source of trouble in crank-driven internal combustion engines. The surface distribution of wear inthe described engine obviously greatly exceeds that in a crank type engine and the yoke and eccentric may easily be designed of strength adequate to resist the maximum stresses imposed in their use.

The construction shown in Figs. 5 and 6 satisfies the description of Figs. 1 and 2 except that the crankcase carries two substantially opposed cylinders ll, in each of which a piston l6 reciprocates, each piston being rigidly connected by a plate l5 to a yoke IS. The counterweight I is eliminated, being'replaced by one of two eccentrics 9, these projecting in opposite directions from the shaft 4'. Preferably the two cylinders '4 have their axes spaced slightly lengthwise of the shaft to compensate for necessity of disposing the plates l5 and yokes in a side-by-side relation.

The twin cylinder construction affords double the power of the first-described engine with a relatively small increase of weight and size. While twin cylinder engines are not broadly novel, so compact and light an engine as is now disclosed is believed novel.

What I claim is:

1. An internal combustion engine comprising a casing, a shaft journaled in said casing, a cylinder fixed on the casing, a piston reciprocatory in the cylinder to and from the shaft, a drive connection from the piston to the shaft, said casing being formed with opposed parallel walls and opposed fuel inlets in such walls, a pair of valve members each of substantially a disk form, rotative within the shaft and respectively engaging the respective parallel walls, said valve members being each formed with an elongated port curved in an arc centered at the shaft axis, said ports being registrable with said fuel inlets during a predetermined fraction of each revolution of the shaft, said engine including a provision for delivering fuel from the casing to the cylinder when the piston is in its approximate limiting position toward the shaft, and a spring compressed between and maintaining sealing engagement of the paired valve members with said parallel walls.

2. An internal combustion engine comprising a casing, a shaft journaled in said casing, a cylinder fixed on the casing, a piston reciprocatory in the cylinder to and from the shaft, said casing being formed with opposed parallel Walls and fuel in lets in such walls, a pair of valve members, each of substantially a disk form rotative with said shaft and respectively engaging the respective parallel walls, said valve members having fuel ports registrable with said fuel inlets during a predetermined fraction of each revolution of the shaft, a drive connection from the piston to the shaft including an element fixed on the shaft between said valve members, and a spring mounted in said element and reacting between the valve members to maintain their sealing engagement with said parallel walls.

ORVILLE Z. FRAZIER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the

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