US2437395A - Apparatus for treating granular materials - Google Patents

Apparatus for treating granular materials Download PDF

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Publication number
US2437395A
US2437395A US495904A US49590443A US2437395A US 2437395 A US2437395 A US 2437395A US 495904 A US495904 A US 495904A US 49590443 A US49590443 A US 49590443A US 2437395 A US2437395 A US 2437395A
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drum
shaft
conveyor
medium
drying
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US495904A
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Magnusson Folke Gosta Robert
Oholm Gustav Valdemar
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/12—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft
    • F26B17/122—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the material moving through a cross-flow of drying gas; the drying enclosure, e.g. shaft, consisting of substantially vertical, perforated walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/02—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces
    • F26B17/06—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces the belts being all vertical or steeply inclined

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an apparatus for subjecting small materials such as grain and other granular materials in a drum to a' gaseous medium in order to dry or moisten the material or actuate it for other purposes.
  • This invention eliminates certain drawbacks in earlier known processes.
  • the drying medium passes through perforations or apertures in the shell of the drum and through the layer of the material to be dried in the drum.
  • the drying medium is blown into a Stationary channel; in thematerial to be dried, and during its rotation the drum forcesthe material to circulate around thechannel, which through apertures in the bottom of the channel lets out the drying medium into the material to be dried.
  • the first mentioned method involves the drawback that packings must be provided around the pressure chamber for the drying medium because said medium is to be admitted into the cylindrical portion of the rotating drum from a stationary pressure chamber- .Said packings are complicated, and. cause, moreover, always greater or smaller losses of heat.
  • the other method is, for example, connected with the drawbackthat the drying medium is to pass through material layers of very varying thickness, whereby the drying medium is utilized inefiectively.
  • the invention has for its purpose to remove said drawbacks. It is substantially characterized by the fact that the material is introduced into a drum, the shell of which surrounds a lower and an upper turning centre, and at *one side of the drum is raised to the edge of a shaft, an inclined wall or other fall guiding means along which the material time after time sinks more or less slowly to the bottom of the drum, and that the gaseous medium is blown through the material column or layer thus formed.
  • FIGs. 1, 2 and 8 one embodiment is shown applied in an apparatus in which the drum is carried out as an endless conveyor ,with at least two turning centres.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view
  • Figs. 2 and 3 show substantially two sections perpendicular to one another on a larger scale.-
  • Figs. 4 to 6 show a longitudinal section AA of Fig. 1 of the .drum in various detail constructions.
  • Fig. 7 shows diagrammatically the invention 2 applied in a drum with stationary shell surrounding a conveyor.
  • the shell of the drum consists of an endless conveyor l0 preferably of gas tight material.
  • the same is shown in perspective in Fig. 1.
  • the conveyor is fixed in, or formed with, a conveyor chain l l engaging a chain wheel I2.
  • the two chain wheels whichmay be located on a common shaft passing from end to end, or each on its individual journal are driven synchronously by a' drive device not shown.
  • Two upright walls 2 extend along the whole length of the drum at such a distance from one another that a shaft 2a is formed between them and end walls IS.
  • each wall 2 is connected with curved walls l4 so that a chamber is obtained on each side of the shaft 211.
  • the walls 2 are shown perforated in Fig. 1 and in Figs. 2 and 3 provided with spaced members 2b.
  • the conveyor moves between the stationary end walls 16, which are provided with inlet and outlet openings for material and treating medium. Said openings are visible in Fig. 2, one of them I! being outlet for material and the other [8 inlet for treating medium.
  • the inlet for the material is indicated by Ila and the outlet for the treating medium by Illa.
  • the conveyor is guided around the chambers 3 and 4 by guides 25. Said guides are by means of stays 26, 21 connected with the frame 28 carrying the bearings for the upper turning point of the conveyor and the stationary end walls l6 of the drum.
  • the apparatus works in the following manner:
  • the material which is to be subjected to the treating medium is introduced through the inlet into the drum opposite the shaft 2a, is conveyed from the bottom of the drying shaft, below the walls 2 up to the upper edge of the shaft by means of buckets 5 located on the inside of the conveying drum shell, is emptied into the shaft, sinks more or less rapidly to the bottom of the shaft, is caught again by the conveyor, and is raised to the shaft edge, i. e. a small portion falls at each revolution out of the drum through the outlet H.
  • the speed, at which the material sinks through the shaft is dependent upon the capacity of the conveyor 5.
  • the feeding through the drum is effected through the action of the inclination of the drum.
  • the chambers 34 on both sides of the drying shaft are used for distribution and removal of the treating medium.
  • the drying air is distributed from the inlet in the chamber 3, passes through the shaft and the material can be subjected to treatment by mediums having different properties in the same apparatus, for example simultaneously by superheated vapour in one end portion and by flue gases in the other end portion or by drying air and cooling air.
  • the treating medium can be led in zigzag through the material, and thus the gas path can be prolonged, and consequently the actuation of the gas upon the material can be delayed.
  • Another way is to pass the medium from one end of the drying chamber 3 through the shaft to the other chamber 4, from there back to the first chamber, and then to take out the same from the drum.
  • the drying medium can be forced to pass several times to and fro through the drying shaft.
  • the shell is stationary but surrounds a conveyor 35 having shovels 36 performing the transport of the material from the lower portion of the shaft 211 to its upper portion.
  • the shell 37 forms together with the, end walls .16 a closed chamber.
  • the apparatus is provided with inlet and outlet openings for material to be dried as well as for drying medium, and the shaft walls 2 are made with perforations 20.
  • An apparatus for treating materials comprising two substantially vertical, stationary end walls, two substantially horizontal hollow bodies located between and fixed to said end walls and having mutually facing walls spaced from one another to form a vertical. shaft between the hollow bodies, said mutually facing walls having perforations for the passage of a medium from one hollow body to the other right across the shaft, inlet and outlet pipes for the medium in said end walls communicating with the interior of the hollow bodies, guide means above the hollow bodies, an endless conveyor arranged between the end walls and depending from said guide means and extending about the outer surfaces of the hollow bodies, an inlet pipe in one end wall for directing rnaterial to be treated on to the lower portion of the conveyor, and an outlet pipe in the other end wall for receiving treated material falling from the upper portion of the conveyor.
  • V 3 An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, in which the general contour of the apparatus in vertical section is pear-shaped, being narrower at the top than at the bottom.
  • An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 provided with a partition arranged in each hollow body.

Description

March-9, 1948. F. G. R. MAGNUSSON ETAL 2,437,395
APPARATUS FOR TREATING GRANULAR MATERIALS Filed July 23, 1943 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 I6 Inventors J7 Gwyn M68012,
March 9, 1948. F. G. R. MAGNUSSON ETAL 2,437,395
APPAR ATUS FOR TRE ATING G RANULAR MATERIALS Filed July 23, 1945 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTQR E ER. MAQNU ssou +GMOHom ZLAW M M March 9, 1943- F. G. R. MAGNUSSON EIAL 2,437,395
APPARATUS FOR TREATING GRANULAR- MATERIALS Filed July 23, 1945 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 v 6. F01L0li27/ "March 1948- ,F. G. R. MAGNUssoN ETAL APPARATUS FOR TREATING GRANULAR MATERIALS Filed July 25 1943 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 zzussozz 1001512 Patented Mar. 9, 1948 APPARATUS FOR TREATING GRANULAR MATERIALS Folke Gtista Robert Magnusson, Stockholm, and
' Gustav Valdemar ('jholm, Nockeby, Sweden Application July 23, 1943, Serial No. 495,904 In Sweden June 20, 1942 Claims. (Ci. 34-102) This invention relates to an apparatus for subjecting small materials such as grain and other granular materials in a drum to a' gaseous medium in order to dry or moisten the material or actuate it for other purposes.
This invention eliminates certain drawbacks in earlier known processes. In drying of piece goods in rotating drums one has in the known devices proceeded along two lines. According to one of said methods the drying medium passes through perforations or apertures in the shell of the drum and through the layer of the material to be dried in the drum. According to the other method the drying mediumis blown into a Stationary channel; in thematerial to be dried, and during its rotation the drum forcesthe material to circulate around thechannel, which through apertures in the bottom of the channel lets out the drying medium into the material to be dried. The first mentioned method involves the drawback that packings must be provided around the pressure chamber for the drying medium because said medium is to be admitted into the cylindrical portion of the rotating drum from a stationary pressure chamber- .Said packings are complicated, and. cause, moreover, always greater or smaller losses of heat. The other method is, for example, connected with the drawbackthat the drying medium is to pass through material layers of very varying thickness, whereby the drying medium is utilized inefiectively.
The invention has for its purpose to remove said drawbacks. It is substantially characterized by the fact that the material is introduced into a drum, the shell of which surrounds a lower and an upper turning centre, and at *one side of the drum is raised to the edge of a shaft, an inclined wall or other fall guiding means along which the material time after time sinks more or less slowly to the bottom of the drum, and that the gaseous medium is blown through the material column or layer thus formed.
The invention is illustrated diagrammatically on the accompanying drawings in two embodiments.
In Figs. 1, 2 and 8 one embodiment is shown applied in an apparatus in which the drum is carried out as an endless conveyor ,with at least two turning centres. Fig. 1 is a perspective view, and Figs. 2 and 3 show substantially two sections perpendicular to one another on a larger scale.-
Figs. 4 to 6 show a longitudinal section AA of Fig. 1 of the .drum in various detail constructions.
Fig. 7 shows diagrammatically the invention 2 applied in a drum with stationary shell surrounding a conveyor.
In the embodiment according to Figs. 1 to 3 the shell of the drum consists of an endless conveyor l0 preferably of gas tight material. In order to give an idea of the outer aspect of the conveyor the same is shown in perspective in Fig. 1. At each edge the conveyor is fixed in, or formed with, a conveyor chain l l engaging a chain wheel I2. The two chain wheels, whichmay be located on a common shaft passing from end to end, or each on its individual journal are driven synchronously by a' drive device not shown. Two upright walls 2 extend along the whole length of the drum at such a distance from one another that a shaft 2a is formed between them and end walls IS. The upper and lower ends of each wall 2 are connected with curved walls l4 so that a chamber is obtained on each side of the shaft 211. The walls 2 are shown perforated in Fig. 1 and in Figs. 2 and 3 provided with spaced members 2b. The conveyor moves between the stationary end walls 16, which are provided with inlet and outlet openings for material and treating medium. Said openings are visible in Fig. 2, one of them I! being outlet for material and the other [8 inlet for treating medium. The inlet for the material is indicated by Ila and the outlet for the treating medium by Illa. The conveyor is guided around the chambers 3 and 4 by guides 25. Said guides are by means of stays 26, 21 connected with the frame 28 carrying the bearings for the upper turning point of the conveyor and the stationary end walls l6 of the drum.
The apparatus works in the following manner: The material which is to be subjected to the treating medium, is introduced through the inlet into the drum opposite the shaft 2a, is conveyed from the bottom of the drying shaft, below the walls 2 up to the upper edge of the shaft by means of buckets 5 located on the inside of the conveying drum shell, is emptied into the shaft, sinks more or less rapidly to the bottom of the shaft, is caught again by the conveyor, and is raised to the shaft edge, i. e. a small portion falls at each revolution out of the drum through the outlet H. The speed, at which the material sinks through the shaft, is dependent upon the capacity of the conveyor 5. The feeding through the drum is effected through the action of the inclination of the drum.
The chambers 34 on both sides of the drying shaft are used for distribution and removal of the treating medium. In the described case the drying air is distributed from the inlet in the chamber 3, passes through the shaft and the material can be subjected to treatment by mediums having different properties in the same apparatus, for example simultaneously by superheated vapour in one end portion and by flue gases in the other end portion or by drying air and cooling air.
By providing partitions 8 according to the principle shown in Fig. 6 the treating medium can be led in zigzag through the material, and thus the gas path can be prolonged, and consequently the actuation of the gas upon the material can be delayed. Another way is to pass the medium from one end of the drying chamber 3 through the shaft to the other chamber 4, from there back to the first chamber, and then to take out the same from the drum. By means of several partitions the drying medium can be forced to pass several times to and fro through the drying shaft.
In the embodiment according to Fig. 7 the shell is stationary but surrounds a conveyor 35 having shovels 36 performing the transport of the material from the lower portion of the shaft 211 to its upper portion. The shell 37 forms together with the, end walls .16 a closed chamber. As in the previous embodiment the apparatus is provided with inlet and outlet openings for material to be dried as well as for drying medium, and the shaft walls 2 are made with perforations 20.
Having now described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:
1. An apparatus for treating materials comprising two substantially vertical, stationary end walls, two substantially horizontal hollow bodies located between and fixed to said end walls and having mutually facing walls spaced from one another to form a vertical. shaft between the hollow bodies, said mutually facing walls having perforations for the passage of a medium from one hollow body to the other right across the shaft, inlet and outlet pipes for the medium in said end walls communicating with the interior of the hollow bodies, guide means above the hollow bodies, an endless conveyor arranged between the end walls and depending from said guide means and extending about the outer surfaces of the hollow bodies, an inlet pipe in one end wall for directing rnaterial to be treated on to the lower portion of the conveyor, and an outlet pipe in the other end wall for receiving treated material falling from the upper portion of the conveyor.
2. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, in which the conveyor and end wals constitute a substantially fluid tight shell. I
V 3. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, in which the general contour of the apparatus in vertical section is pear-shaped, being narrower at the top than at the bottom.
4-. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, provided with means for guiding the lower portion of the conveyor about the hollow bodies. a
5. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, provided with a partition arranged in each hollow body.
FOLKE GGSTA ROBERT MAGNUSSON.
GUSTAV VALDEMAR I-IOLM.
REFERENCES CITED The iollowing references areof recordin the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS
US495904A 1942-06-20 1943-07-23 Apparatus for treating granular materials Expired - Lifetime US2437395A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2552014A (en) * 1946-07-25 1951-05-08 Puening Franz Process for preheating coal for coking
US2568661A (en) * 1947-12-06 1951-09-18 William J Rowe Apparatus for mingling solids and fluids to treat one with the other
US2705133A (en) * 1951-11-13 1955-03-29 Barber Greene Co Apparatus for heating and mixing paving materials
US2709306A (en) * 1952-01-02 1955-05-31 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Method and apparatus for treating pulverulent, granular, and like materials by a gaseous medium
US3090132A (en) * 1958-10-13 1963-05-21 B G Gump Co Coffee cooling structure
CN111023781A (en) * 2019-11-29 2020-04-17 山东美高美生物科技有限公司 Drying device for aquatic feed production

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE110574C (en) *
US299683A (en) * 1884-06-03 Machine for drying grain
US532553A (en) * 1895-01-15 Otto hentschel
GB189510357A (en) * 1895-05-27 1896-03-28 William Adlam Improvements in Pneumatic Malting Cylinders.
GB189902351A (en) * 1899-02-02 1899-03-18 Charles Dunn Improvements in Cart, Hand and other such Lamps and Lanterns.
US707384A (en) * 1901-05-24 1902-08-19 Case Mfg Company Hominy, meal, and grits drier.
US1238589A (en) * 1917-02-28 1917-08-28 Abraham Solod Drier for drying cotton, wool, rags, &c.
FR537678A (en) * 1921-06-17 1922-05-27 Pasta dryer
FR615183A (en) * 1926-12-31
DE584677C (en) * 1933-09-22 Benno Schilde Maschb Akt Ges Dryer for pourable goods
US2119916A (en) * 1936-01-04 1938-06-07 Huse Ingebrigt Elias Paulsen Revolving drying oven

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE110574C (en) *
US299683A (en) * 1884-06-03 Machine for drying grain
US532553A (en) * 1895-01-15 Otto hentschel
FR615183A (en) * 1926-12-31
DE584677C (en) * 1933-09-22 Benno Schilde Maschb Akt Ges Dryer for pourable goods
GB189510357A (en) * 1895-05-27 1896-03-28 William Adlam Improvements in Pneumatic Malting Cylinders.
GB189902351A (en) * 1899-02-02 1899-03-18 Charles Dunn Improvements in Cart, Hand and other such Lamps and Lanterns.
US707384A (en) * 1901-05-24 1902-08-19 Case Mfg Company Hominy, meal, and grits drier.
US1238589A (en) * 1917-02-28 1917-08-28 Abraham Solod Drier for drying cotton, wool, rags, &c.
FR537678A (en) * 1921-06-17 1922-05-27 Pasta dryer
US2119916A (en) * 1936-01-04 1938-06-07 Huse Ingebrigt Elias Paulsen Revolving drying oven

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2552014A (en) * 1946-07-25 1951-05-08 Puening Franz Process for preheating coal for coking
US2568661A (en) * 1947-12-06 1951-09-18 William J Rowe Apparatus for mingling solids and fluids to treat one with the other
US2705133A (en) * 1951-11-13 1955-03-29 Barber Greene Co Apparatus for heating and mixing paving materials
US2709306A (en) * 1952-01-02 1955-05-31 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Method and apparatus for treating pulverulent, granular, and like materials by a gaseous medium
US3090132A (en) * 1958-10-13 1963-05-21 B G Gump Co Coffee cooling structure
CN111023781A (en) * 2019-11-29 2020-04-17 山东美高美生物科技有限公司 Drying device for aquatic feed production

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