US2436668A - podenphant - Google Patents

Description

H. o. PQDENPHANT common REGISTER FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed Aug. '7, 1945 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 w w 9%, QI m A W Feb. 2.4, 1948.

SA g III HOLCaER ORLA P0ENPHANT a I a NVE NTO R BL ATTORNEY T N A H P N E D P O H Feb. 24, 1948.

CONTROL REGISTER FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed Aug. 7, 1945 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR HOLGERDRLAFMENPHANT (51f ATTORNEY Feb. 24, fi 948.

H. O. PDENFHANT CONTROL REGISTER FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed Aug. 7, 1945 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR HOLGER ORLA PE ENP ANT ATTORNEY ing in fast connection with the digit-wheel l1 and which cooperates with a possibly springloaded holding ratchet 22 which can turn round pivot 23. When pressing a push-button 25 attached to a plate-spring 24 the digit-wheel is set free in such a manner that, influenced by the spring |9|, it will revert to position, i. e., show digit 0 through window 20.

Underneath ratchet wheel 2| is placed a slide 2? movable in its longitudinal direction, guided by pins 28 and 29 which engage in slits 2B| and 29| on the slide. By means of a spring 30| this slide is moved in the direction of arrow 30. A pawl 3| vertically movable is placed in a guide in the slide and at right angles to the longitudinal direction of same. Through moving this pawl 3| upwards from the position shown in the drawing its teeth can mesh with the teeth of ratchet wheel 2|. The lower edge of pawl 3| has an inclined part 34 and an almost horizontal part 35. The inclined part braces against pin 32 on an oifset part 33 of bar I2. When this bar is led to the right it will therefore first lift pawl 3| to mesh with ratchet wheel 2| whereafter the face 36 on bar |2 butts against slide 21 and leads this so much to the right that ratchet wheel 2| is led exactly one tooth forward and digit-wheel I1 is thus also led one digit forward. Pawl 3| can be held downwards in a well-known manner by means of a soft spring.

Some examples of the importance and mode of action of the control register are given in the following:

As part of a calculation may occur the calculation 247 5. With three fingers on keys 2, 4 and l in three rows of keys'next to each other these keys are depressed simultaneously, all together five times. In order that the counting mechanism shows the correct result it is necessary to make sure that all three keys have been fully depressed and that the group of keys is depressed five times. Both can be controlled by looking at the control register, the corresponding three digit-wheels of which must show 1 after the first depression, 2 after the second depression, etc.

If, when the multiplication is done, all three digit-wheels show 5 the multiplication has been carried out without making faults and a recalculation will therefore be unnecessary. If all digit-wheels show 4 the keys have not been depressed one time and if one digit-wheel shows 4 while the others show 5 this means that one of the keys has not been fully depressed during the manipulation. If 247 is to be multiplied by 534 the fingers are placedas previously explainedon keys 2, 4 and and they are depressed five times. Control register now shows 555 but by means of two of push-buttons 25 the two figures five to the right are taken out. The three fingers touching keys 2, 4 and 'l are now removed one key-row to the right so that they still touch keys 2, 4 and I. These keys are now depressed three times in succession and control register now shows 5333. By means of push buttons 25 the two threes to the right are taken out whereafter the three fingers are again moved a key-row to the right to new keys 2, 4 and 1 which in their turn are depressed four times in succession. The counting mechanism of the calculating machine now directly shows the product of the calculation in the ordinary manner, i. e., 131898, while control register shows figure 53444. As described faults have been made while multiplying with this figure and that the keys have been fully depressed at each manipulation. There can thus be no fault in the product shown in the counting mechanism. It is easy to understand from the foregoing that every time figures are taken out of the control register-the figures furthest to the right-a number is taken out which is one less than the number of digits in the multiplicator.

A simple division may be made on a calculating machine of this kind by depressing the keys indicating divisor so many times that the counter of the machine shows the dividend or the lower figure which by addition to divisor would make a higher figure than the dividend. The product is thus obtained as the number of times the keys in question have been depressed while a remainder, if any, is seen as the difference between the dividend and the result shown in the counter.

The following example of a calculation is given in elucidation of the use and importance of the control register when dividing: 80370 is to be divided by 235.

Three fingers are placed on keys 2, 3 and 5 in three rows next to each other furthest to the left-2 the furthest to the left. The keys are depressed simultaneously while at the same time an eye is kept on the counting mechanism. After three depressions the counting mechanism shows 705 (3x235) and control register shows 333. By means of two of push-buttons the two last threes are taken out and the three fingers touching keys 2, 3 and 5 are removed one keyrow to the right so that they again touch keys 2,

3 and 5. These keys are now depressed four times and counting mechanism now shows 7990 (799) and the movement is stopped as it is evident that another depression would make the counting mechanism show a figure higher than the four first digits in the dividend. The control register now shows 3444. By means of pushbuttons 25 the two fours to the right are now taken out whereafter control register shows 34. The three fingers touching keys 2, 3 and 5 are again removed one key-row to the right and the new keys are depressed twice when it is seen that counter now shows dividend 80370. This shows that the division leaves no balance and the control register now shows 34222. The last twos are taken out as previously explained whereafter the control register shows the result of the calculation: 342. In this calculation the control register has controlled first the number of depressions of the keys for each part of the calculation, next that all the keys have been fully depressed as, after each part of the calculation, it shows three identical digits and finally the control register indicates the direct result of the calculation while, as a further control, the counting mechanism shows the dividend.

In machines of the said kind previously known but without a control register divisions can also be made but the calculation is then much more difficult to undertake.

The control register is generally of no real importance for additions and subtractions wherefore it is expediently adapted in such a manner that it may be disengaged when such calculations are to be made. The disengagement of the control register may, as indicated in the drawing, be done by means of arm 39 which can turn round pivot 31. If this arm is turned to the right it will butt against a nose 38 on slide 21 and take this slide so far to the right that it is out of contact with bar l2 and thus cannot be moved by same. The movement forth and back of arm 39 may be carried out by means of a suitable handle, which might be fitted outside the row of push-buttons 25. There must of course be an arm 39 for each digit-wheel and all the arms are moved simultaneously by means of a common handle.

It is not necessary that according to the invention the counting mechanism and control register are placed on a calculating machine in rela-- tion to the rows of keys as shown and described. They may be fitted in each others places or they can both be fitted at the same end of the row of keys and the design shall still be deemed to fall within the present invention.

I claim:

1. In calculating machines of the kind having a. plurality of computing wheels, a row of nine keys for each computing wheel the combination with each row of keys of a digit wheel and means operative upon depressing a number of keys in different rows turning all the digit wheels appertaining to the selected rows one step upon every full depression of the respective keys.

2. In calculating machines of the kind having a plurality of computing wheels a row of nine keys for each computing wheel, the combination with each row of keys of a bar placed alongside the row of keys and having pins projecting in the path of levers rotatably mounted in the casing of the computing machine and engaging said keys, each of said bars being connected with means operative upon depressing a number of keys in difierent rows turning all the digit wheels appertaining to the selected rows one step upon every full depression of the respective keys.

3. In calculating machines as claimed in claim 2, the provision of pins upon said bars placed at such distances from the said levers, that upon actuating an optional key in the row, the corresponding computing wheel is turned before the bar is moved for turning the digit wheel one step.

4. In calculating machines as claimed in claim 1, the provision of manually operated means for individually resetting each of said digit wheels to zero at will.

HOLGER ORLA PQJDENPHAN'I.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 628,273 Mallmann July 4, 1899 1,309,536 Mays July 8, 1919 1,415,174 Horton May 9, 1922

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