US2427687A - Pulse control system - Google Patents

Pulse control system Download PDF

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Publication number
US2427687A
US2427687A US468406A US46840642A US2427687A US 2427687 A US2427687 A US 2427687A US 468406 A US468406 A US 468406A US 46840642 A US46840642 A US 46840642A US 2427687 A US2427687 A US 2427687A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
potential
circuit
alternating
unidirectional
potentiometer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US468406A
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English (en)
Inventor
Donald E Norgaard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US468406A priority Critical patent/US2427687A/en
Priority to GB2876/46A priority patent/GB629160A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2427687A publication Critical patent/US2427687A/en
Priority to FR964831D priority patent/FR964831A/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D49/00—Machines or devices for sawing with straight reciprocating saw blades, e.g. hacksaws
    • B23D49/10—Hand-held or hand-operated sawing devices with straight saw blades
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P7/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors
    • H02P7/06—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual DC dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current
    • H02P7/18—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual DC dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power
    • H02P7/24—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual DC dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02P7/26—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual DC dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using discharge tubes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K5/00—Manipulating of pulses not covered by one of the other main groups of this subclass
    • H03K5/01—Shaping pulses
    • H03K5/08—Shaping pulses by limiting; by thresholding; by slicing, i.e. combined limiting and thresholding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K7/00—Modulating pulses with a continuously-variable modulating signal
    • H03K7/04—Position modulation, i.e. PPM

Definitions

  • My invention relates to systems for generating and controlling alternating current signals, particularly to systems for supplying to a suitable utilization circuit alternating current signals whose polarity and amplitude vary correspondingly with a direct current input control potential, and the object of the invention is to provide a simple and improved system which operates especially efiiciently in supplying, to an output circuit, square waves of low and medium frequency and any desired percentage of width, and wherein no current drain is required from the source of direct control potential.
  • a translation circuit comprising means, the components of which are all stationary, to supply alternating current to an output circuit having the frequency of a reference alternating input potential, and means included in the translation circuit to reverse the phase of the output current in response to the magnitude of a control unidirectional input potential.
  • the translation circuit includes an electron discharge device upon the control electrode of which the unidirectional control potential is impressed and in the anode-cathode circuit of which a potentiometer is included, a second electron discharge device being provided for determining the periods of operation of the first discharge device, thereby to initiate pulses in its anode-cathode circuit.
  • potentials are impressed from the source of alternating reference potential, and a portion of the potentiometer is included in the anode-cathode circuit of the second discharge device.
  • Fig. l is a diagrammatic representation of a circuit embodying the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows a curve representing the alternating reference potential
  • Fig. 3 shows curves of output alternating potential obtained from the system and corresponding to a range of values and polarities of the unidirectional input control potential, for example, to zero input potential or to a given positive or negative potential value.
  • a translation circuit in accordance with my invention comprising electron discharge devices, designated V1 and V2, arranged to be supplied with anode current from a common source (not shown), the anode-cathode circuits of the discharge devices including a common cathode resistor I.
  • a source (not shown) of variable uni-direction control potential is connected to the control electrode-cathode circuit of discharge device V1 and a source (not shown) of alternating reference potential is connected to the control electrode-cathode circuit of discharge device V2 through a capacitor 2.
  • the anodecathode or output circuit of device V1 includes, in series therein, a potentiometer 3 or equivalent impedance element to the opposite terminals 4 and 5 of which any suitable alternating current utilization circuit (not shown) may be connected through a capacitor 6.
  • the system in accordance with my invention may be utilized, for example, for controlling, in response to the amplitude and polarity of the unidirectional potential supplied to discharge device V1, the speed and direction of rotation of a motor.
  • various other utilization circuits may be employed in connection with the system, and controlled in response to the unidirectional potential.
  • a portion of the potentiometer 3 is connected in series in the anode-cathode circuit of device V2 by connecting the latter circuit to the potentiometer at a given point, as 1.
  • One section, as 8, of the potentiometer is therefore included in the anode-cathode or output circuit of device V2 and both sections, 8 and 9, are included in the anode-cathode or output circuit of device V1.
  • a leak resistor 10 is preferably provided connected across the control electrode-cathode circuit of discharge device V2.
  • the alternating potential which is impressed upon the control electrode of discharge device V2 from the source of reference potential is preferably square wave in form as shown in Fig. 2 and is of the frequency which is desired in the utilization circuit connected to the system.
  • the amplitude of the square wave reference potential is preferably such that during the negative peaks thereof electron discharge device V2 is cut oil, and during the positive peaks V2 draws control electrode current.
  • Electron discharge devices V1 and V2 are so arranged and common cathode resistor I has such resistance value that the action of device V2, on the negative and the positive peaks respectively of the reference potential, is, alternately, first, to permit V1 to draw anode current through potentiometer 3 in accordance with the unidirectional input control potential, and, second, to bias device V1 to cutoff regardless of the amplitude and polarity of the unidirectional control potential applied to its control electrode.
  • the common cathode resistor l is preferably of such resistance value as to provide correct Class A operation of discharge device V1 when the input control potential is zero. It is desirable also that the input control potential impressed upon the control electrode of discharge device V1 be limited to a range which insures a suitable amount of linearity between anode current and control electrode potential in that portion of the operating cycle during which device V1 is drawing anode current.
  • the arrangement of the potentiometer 3 and discharge device V2 is thus such that the anode current drawn by the latter discharge device is permitted to flow through a portion, as 8, of the potentiometer during the positive peaks of the square wave reference potential.
  • the out put alternating potential of the system may be made zero for any chosen value of the unidirectional input control potential impressed upon device V1.
  • Fig. 3(a) which illustrates the case of Zero unidirectional input potential and zero alternating output potential, designating the anode-cathode current of electron discharge devices V1 and V2 respectively as IPv1 and IPv2 and the resistance value of poten tiometer sections 8 and 9 respectively as He and R9, let it be assumed that the unidirectional control potential on the control electrode circuit of discharge device V1 is zero and that the output alternating potential of the system is also to be made zero. Then, when the square wave reference potential impressed upon the control electrode of discharge device V2 is at its negative peak value as designated by portion ll of curve l2, Fig.
  • Electron discharge devices V1 and V2 are so selected and arranged, V2 being preferably a device of higher rating than V1, and the section 8 of potentiometer 3 determined by the point 1, at which the anode of V2 is tapped therein is caused to be of such resistance value, that the potential drop (IPv2) (R2) across the section 3 is made substantially equal to the before-mentioned potential drop (IPv1) (RM-Rs), across the entire potentiometer 3, which was the drop obtained when the square wave reference potential was at its negative peak.
  • Fig. 3(b) which illustrates the case of a positive unidirectional input control potential ,assuming the same values as before for IPv1, IPv2, R8 and R9 and the same characteristics for the square wave reference potential 12, Fig. 2, impressed upon the input circuit of device V2, let it be assumed that the unidirectional control potential supplied to the control electrode circuit of V1 is changed from Zero to a given positive potential. Then when the square wave reference potential impressed upon the control electrode circuit of V2 is at its negative peak value the electron discharge device V2 is as before cut oif and the tube V1 is conducting.
  • Fig. 3 (c) which illustrates the case of a negative unidirectional input control potential, assuming the same circuit characteristics in general as for the cases illustrated in Figs. 3(a) and 30)
  • the unidirectional control potential impressed upon the input circuit of V1 is made negative then the anode current of V1 during the conducting period is decreased instead of increased relatively to its value when the unidirectional control potential was zero.
  • the potential drop in potentiometer 3 is correspondingly decreased, the potential of point 5 being represented by the line 19 of Fig. 3(c).
  • the utilization circuit is described as connected directly across the potentiometer 3, the output potential being in phase with the reference potential for positive values of the unidirectional control potential and in opposite phase for negative values of the control potential.
  • the utilization circuit may be connected across point 5 and ground instead of across point 5 and point 4, which is at the potential of the anode current source.
  • reference potential may be constituted by square waves of any suitable frequency and of any desired pulse width.
  • circuit elements and constants may be substantially as follows:
  • an electron discharge device having an output circuit including an impedance and an input circuit adapted to have a unidirectional potential impressed thereon
  • a second electron discharge device having an output circuit including a portion of said impedance an input circuit adapted. to have an alterhating reference potential impressed thereon
  • means including said second-named discharge device for causing said first-named discharge device to become alternately conducting and non-conducting in response to said reference potential, whereby an alternating current component is produced in said first-named output circuit.
  • an electron discharge device having an output circuit including an impedance
  • a second electron dischage device having an output circuit including a portion of said impedance and an input circuit adapted to have an alternating reference potential impressed thereon
  • a common bias means included in said output circuits, and means including said second-named discharge device and said bias means for causing said first-named discharge device to become alternately conducting and non-conducting in response to said reference potential.
  • a first and a second electron discharge device each having a control electrode, an anode and a cathode, a source of operating potential, a common cathode resistor for said discharge devices connected between the negative terminal of said source and said cathodes, a potentiometer included in series with said source and the anode-cathode circuit of said first device, means to include a portion of said potentiometer in series in the anode-cathode circuit of said second device, a source of variable unidirectional control potential connected to the control electrode-cathode circuit of said first device, and a source of alternating reference potential connected to the control electrode-cathode circuit of said second device whereby alternating potential having the frequency of said reference potential is produced across said potentiometer having one phase or the opposite phase dependent upon the value of said variable unidirectional potential.
  • a source of variable steady unidirectional control potential a source of alternating reference potential, a utilization circult, and means for producing in said circuit an alternating potential of the "frequency of said reference potential and of amplitude and phase determined in accordance with said control potential
  • said means including an electron discharge means having an output impedance connected to said utilization circuit, means including a second electron discharge means for determining the conducting periods of said firstnamed discharge means in response to said reference potential, said second electron discharge means being in series with a portion of said output impedance to determine the potential thereon when said first device is nonconducting, and means to control said first-named discharge means during said periods in accordance with said control potential.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
  • Control Of Stepping Motors (AREA)
  • Stopping Of Electric Motors (AREA)
  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)
US468406A 1942-12-09 1942-12-09 Pulse control system Expired - Lifetime US2427687A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US468406A US2427687A (en) 1942-12-09 1942-12-09 Pulse control system
GB2876/46A GB629160A (en) 1942-12-09 1946-01-29 Improvements in and relating to wave-form modifying systems
FR964831D FR964831A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1942-12-09 1948-02-20

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US468406A US2427687A (en) 1942-12-09 1942-12-09 Pulse control system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2427687A true US2427687A (en) 1947-09-23

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US468406A Expired - Lifetime US2427687A (en) 1942-12-09 1942-12-09 Pulse control system

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US2427687A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR964831A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB629160A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2470895A (en) * 1945-12-13 1949-05-24 Elbert W Marlowe Impulse type power supply
US2487010A (en) * 1947-01-17 1949-11-01 Honeywell Regulator Co Electric motor control apparatus
US2531201A (en) * 1946-06-28 1950-11-21 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electronic control circuits for radar systems
US2555440A (en) * 1947-09-09 1951-06-05 Gen Precision Lab Inc Pulse generator
US2560720A (en) * 1947-03-11 1951-07-17 Raytheon Mfg Co Electronic timing system
US2589767A (en) * 1945-10-19 1952-03-18 Us Sec War Voltage pulse generating circuit
US2650471A (en) * 1947-07-05 1953-09-01 Lewis Eng Co Jet engine fuel control
US2993664A (en) * 1948-09-15 1961-07-25 Honeywell Regulator Co Automatic instrument landing systems for air-borne craft
US3070795A (en) * 1954-01-25 1962-12-25 Torrence H Chambers Elevation angle computer for stacked beam height finding radar system
US3071649A (en) * 1946-06-19 1963-01-01 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Cipher system for pulse code modulation communication system

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2156534A (en) * 1935-11-13 1939-05-02 Bendix Radio Corp Electric discharge device circuits
US2217957A (en) * 1939-05-26 1940-10-15 Hazeltine Corp Wave-signal translating system
US2253307A (en) * 1938-02-18 1941-08-19 Smith Corp A O Electrical circuit
US2265996A (en) * 1938-04-25 1941-12-16 Emi Ltd Thermionic valve circuits

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2156534A (en) * 1935-11-13 1939-05-02 Bendix Radio Corp Electric discharge device circuits
US2253307A (en) * 1938-02-18 1941-08-19 Smith Corp A O Electrical circuit
US2265996A (en) * 1938-04-25 1941-12-16 Emi Ltd Thermionic valve circuits
US2217957A (en) * 1939-05-26 1940-10-15 Hazeltine Corp Wave-signal translating system

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2589767A (en) * 1945-10-19 1952-03-18 Us Sec War Voltage pulse generating circuit
US2470895A (en) * 1945-12-13 1949-05-24 Elbert W Marlowe Impulse type power supply
US3071649A (en) * 1946-06-19 1963-01-01 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Cipher system for pulse code modulation communication system
US2531201A (en) * 1946-06-28 1950-11-21 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electronic control circuits for radar systems
US2487010A (en) * 1947-01-17 1949-11-01 Honeywell Regulator Co Electric motor control apparatus
US2560720A (en) * 1947-03-11 1951-07-17 Raytheon Mfg Co Electronic timing system
US2650471A (en) * 1947-07-05 1953-09-01 Lewis Eng Co Jet engine fuel control
US2555440A (en) * 1947-09-09 1951-06-05 Gen Precision Lab Inc Pulse generator
US2993664A (en) * 1948-09-15 1961-07-25 Honeywell Regulator Co Automatic instrument landing systems for air-borne craft
US3070795A (en) * 1954-01-25 1962-12-25 Torrence H Chambers Elevation angle computer for stacked beam height finding radar system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB629160A (en) 1949-09-13
FR964831A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1950-08-25

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