US2424273A - Crystal growing apparatus - Google Patents

Crystal growing apparatus Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2424273A
US2424273A US588216A US58821645A US2424273A US 2424273 A US2424273 A US 2424273A US 588216 A US588216 A US 588216A US 58821645 A US58821645 A US 58821645A US 2424273 A US2424273 A US 2424273A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
tank
baille
solution
crystals
crystal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US588216A
Inventor
Jr Walter O Haas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AT&T Corp
Original Assignee
Western Electric Co Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Western Electric Co Inc filed Critical Western Electric Co Inc
Priority to US588216A priority Critical patent/US2424273A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2424273A publication Critical patent/US2424273A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
    • C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C30B7/00—Single-crystal growth from solutions using solvents which are liquid at normal temperature, e.g. aqueous solutions
    • C30B7/08—Single-crystal growth from solutions using solvents which are liquid at normal temperature, e.g. aqueous solutions by cooling of the solution
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T117/00—Single-crystal, oriented-crystal, and epitaxy growth processes; non-coating apparatus therefor
    • Y10T117/10—Apparatus
    • Y10T117/1024—Apparatus for crystallization from liquid or supercritical state

Definitions

  • This invention relates to crystal growing apparatus and more particularly to tanks for use in the production of piezoelectric crystals.
  • a crystal producing tank having suitable framework placed on the bottom thereof for supporting seed crystals in a plurality of rows and directly over and in close proximity to the upper surfaces of the seed crystals there is disposed a baille, which extends to points adjacent the ends of the tank.
  • the baille extends into engagement with the sides of the tank and has a central portion extending therefrom which is of such height that it will eifectively block the ilow of crystallizing solution from one end of the tank to the other over the top of the baille, whereby the crystallizing solution will ow in a substantially equal Volume past all of the seed crystals.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view through a crystal growing tank embodying the features of the present invention, together with a diagrammatic showing of mechanism for rocking and supporting the tank;
  • Fig. 2 is a plan sectional view taken substantially along the line 2-2 of Fig. 1 in the direction of the arrows, parts being broken away to more clearly illustrate the details of construction of those parts positioned beneath it;
  • Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical sectional view taken substantially along the line 3--3 of Fig. 1 in the direction of the arrows.
  • mechanism for rocking the crystal growing tank, which comprises a crank I0, mounted upon a shaft I I, which may be driven by any suitable power driving mechanism (not shown).
  • the crank I 0 has a link I2 pivotally connected to it and to a supporting framework I 3, on which one or more crystal growing tanks I4 may be supported.
  • the framework I3 is, in turn, supported by angularly disposed arms I5 and I6, which are interconnected at their upper ends and are pivoted on a suitable pivot shaft I8.
  • the tank I4 or a series of tanks mounted on the framework I3 may. be slowly rocked by imparting rotation to the shaft II.
  • the tank I4 has a ilange I9 formed on its upper edge for supporting a gasket 20, on which a cover plate 2l rests.
  • a crystal supporting framework which serves to hold a group of seed crystals 2
  • the longitudinally extending members 22 and 23 have a plurality of channel members 25 suitably attached to them and extending transversely of the tank. Each of the channel members 25 has a plurality of blocks 26 mounted on it,
  • the ends of the Y baille member 30 are spaced from the tank a distance approximately equal to the distance from the upper surface of the bottom of the tank to the lower surface of the baille 3i).
  • the baille 30 has four brackets 3
  • the baille 30 thus extends substantially horizontally and at its center has attached to it a vertically extending baille 32.
  • a body of crystallizing solution 33 in the tank I4 will, when the tank is rocked, flow through the space between the end of the baille 30 and the end of the tank and since the distances between the ends of the baille and the ends of the tank are substantially equal to the distance from the bottom of the tank to the bottom of the baille, the flow of liquid will be uniform for all of the crystals.
  • Fig 1 full line position
  • An apparatus for growing crystals in a solution comprising a substantially rectangular tank for receiving a supply of crystallizing solution, means rockably supporting said tank, a holding means within the tank constructed to hold and support crystals above the bottom of the tank, baille means within the tank in substantially parallel relation to the bottom of the tank and in spaced relation to the ends of the tank, said baille means comprising means extending upwardly substantially centrally of the tank whereby ilow of solution from end to end of the tank above the baille may be prevented and restricted to ilow between the baille and the bottom of the tank when the tank is rocked.
  • An apparatus for growing crystals in a solution comprising a substantially rectangular tank for receiving a supply of crystallizing solution, means rockably supporting said tank, baille means within the tank in substantially parallel relation to the bottom of the tank and in spaced relation to the bottom of and to the ends of the tank, said baille means including means extending upwardly therefrom substantially centrally of the tank whereby flow of solution from end to end of the tank above the baille may be prevented and restricted to ilow between the baille and the bottom of the tank when the tank is rocked, and a holding means within the tank constructed to hold and support crystals above the bottom of thetank and below the horizontal baille means.
  • An apparatus for growing crystals in a solution comprising a substantially rectangular tank for receiving a supply of crystallizing solution, means rockably supporting said tank, crystal supports on the bottom of the tank arranged to hold the crystals above the bottom of the tank, and baille means within the tank in substantially parallel relation to the bottom of the tank and above the crystal supports and in spaced relation to the ends of the tank, said baille means includlng means extending upwardly substantially centrally of the tank whereby the solution is prevented ⁇ from flowing from end to end of the tank above the baille and is restricted to ilow from end to end of the tank between the baille and the bottom of the tank when the tank is rocked.
  • An apparatus for growing crystals in a solution comprising a substantially rectangular tank for receiving a supply of crystallizing solution, means supporting said tank for rocking movement about a pivot above the top of the tank, crystal supports on the bottom of the tank arranged to hold the crystals above the bottom of the tank, baille means within the tank in substantially parallel relation to the bottom of the tank and above the crystal supports and in spaced relation to the ends of the tank, said baille means including means extending upwardly substantially midway between the ends of said baille means whereby the solution is prevented from flowing from end to end of the tank above the baille and is restricted to flow from end to end of the tank between the baille and the bottom of the tank.
  • An apparatus for growing crystals in a solution comprising a substantially rectangular tank for receiving a supply of crystallizlng solution, said tank having a greater length than width -or height, means for supporting the tank for rocking movement about an axis parallel to the ends of the tank, crystal supports on the bottom of the tank arranged to hold the crystals above the bottom of the tank, and baille means within the tank above the crystal supports in substantially parallel relation to the bottom of the tank and in spaced relation to the ends of the tank, said baille means including means extending upwardly substantially midway between the ends of the tank whereby the solution is prevented from flowing from end to end of the tank above the baille and is restricted to ilow from end to end of the tank between the baille and the bottom of the tank when the tank is rocked.
  • An apparatus for growing crystals in a solution comprising a substantially rectangular tank for receiving a supply of crystallizing solution, said tank having a greater length than width or height, means for supporting the tank for rocking movement about an axis parallel to the ends of the tank, crystal supports on the bottom of the tank arranged to hold the crystals above the bottom of the tank, baille means in the tank comprising a main baille disposed above the crystal supports in parallel relation to the bottom of the tank and extending from side to side of the tank and with the ends of said baille spaced from the ends of the tank a distance substantially equal to the distance of the main baille from the bottom of the tank, and an auxiliary baille extending upwardly from the main baille substantially midway between the ends thereof and extending from side to side of the tank, said baille means serving to prevent the flow of solution from end to end of the tank above the main baille and to insure the ilow of solution between the baille and the bottom of the tank when the tank is rocked.

Description

July 22, 1947.
W. O. HAAS, JR
CRYS TAL GROWING APPARATUS Filed April 13, 1945 W 0. HAAS JA?- y' Tram/fr Patented July 22, 1947 CRYSTAL GROWING APPARATUS Walter 0. Haas, Jr., Chicago, Ill., assignor to Western Electric Company, Incorporated, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application April 13, 1945, Serial No. 588,216
6 Claims.
This invention relates to crystal growing apparatus and more particularly to tanks for use in the production of piezoelectric crystals.
In the manufacture of crystals for piezoelectric devices, seed crystals have been mounted in tanks containing a solution of the salt from which the crystals are formed and the tanks are then rocked while gradually reducing the temperature of the bath to form crystals, whereby the solution adjacent the growing crystals is continually circulated or replaced with a stronger solution. In the ordinary crystal growing tanks, the ilow of the crystallizing solution is diilerent in the various areas of the tank; for example, the solution at the extreme ends of the tank rises and falls, whereas a greater amount of movement or greater flow occurs at the central portions of the tank.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a crystal growing tank in which all effective areas of the tank have substantially the same amount of flow of the crystallizing solution and to increase the ilow of solution.
In accordance with one embodiment of the invention, a crystal producing tank is provided having suitable framework placed on the bottom thereof for supporting seed crystals in a plurality of rows and directly over and in close proximity to the upper surfaces of the seed crystals there is disposed a baille, which extends to points adjacent the ends of the tank. The baille extends into engagement with the sides of the tank and has a central portion extending therefrom which is of such height that it will eifectively block the ilow of crystallizing solution from one end of the tank to the other over the top of the baille, whereby the crystallizing solution will ow in a substantially equal Volume past all of the seed crystals.
A complete understanding of the invention may be had by reference to the following detailed description wherein Fig. 1 is a sectional view through a crystal growing tank embodying the features of the present invention, together with a diagrammatic showing of mechanism for rocking and supporting the tank;
Fig. 2 is a plan sectional view taken substantially along the line 2-2 of Fig. 1 in the direction of the arrows, parts being broken away to more clearly illustrate the details of construction of those parts positioned beneath it; and
Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical sectional view taken substantially along the line 3--3 of Fig. 1 in the direction of the arrows.
In the drawings, wherein like reference characters designate the same parts throughout the several views, mechanism is shown for rocking the crystal growing tank, which comprises a crank I0, mounted upon a shaft I I, which may be driven by any suitable power driving mechanism (not shown). The crank I 0 has a link I2 pivotally connected to it and to a supporting framework I 3, on which one or more crystal growing tanks I4 may be supported. The framework I3 is, in turn, supported by angularly disposed arms I5 and I6, which are interconnected at their upper ends and are pivoted on a suitable pivot shaft I8. Thus, the tank I4 or a series of tanks mounted on the framework I3 may. be slowly rocked by imparting rotation to the shaft II.
The tank I4 has a ilange I9 formed on its upper edge for supporting a gasket 20, on which a cover plate 2l rests. A crystal supporting framework, which serves to hold a group of seed crystals 2| in position in the tank, comprises two longitudinally extending members 22 and 23, which are bent at their ends, as indicated at 24, so that they will resiliently engage the ends of the tank I4. The longitudinally extending members 22 and 23 have a plurality of channel members 25 suitably attached to them and extending transversely of the tank. Each of the channel members 25 has a plurality of blocks 26 mounted on it,
jacent to each end of the tank I4. The ends of the Y baille member 30 are spaced from the tank a distance approximately equal to the distance from the upper surface of the bottom of the tank to the lower surface of the baille 3i). The baille 30 has four brackets 3| attached to it, which are bent over at their upper ends to engage the upper surface of the flange I9 and thus support the baille 30 in the proper position. The baille 30 thus extends substantially horizontally and at its center has attached to it a vertically extending baille 32.
In the operation of the apparatus, a body of crystallizing solution 33 in the tank I4 will, when the tank is rocked, flow through the space between the end of the baille 30 and the end of the tank and since the distances between the ends of the baille and the ends of the tank are substantially equal to the distance from the bottom of the tank to the bottom of the baille, the flow of liquid will be uniform for all of the crystals. rI'he central vertically extending baille 32 will prevent fluid at the right side of it from moving over the top of the baille when the tank is rocked from the full line position (Fig 1) to the dotted line position. When the tank is rocked from the dotted line position to the full line position, the solution to the left of the baille 32 will be forced to travel under the baille 30 and thus the flow of crystallizlng solution will be maintained uniform through the entire area where the crystals 2| are growing from the size shown by full lines to that shown by the dot and dash lines 35.
What is claimed is:
1. An apparatus for growing crystals in a solution comprising a substantially rectangular tank for receiving a supply of crystallizing solution, means rockably supporting said tank, a holding means within the tank constructed to hold and support crystals above the bottom of the tank, baille means within the tank in substantially parallel relation to the bottom of the tank and in spaced relation to the ends of the tank, said baille means comprising means extending upwardly substantially centrally of the tank whereby ilow of solution from end to end of the tank above the baille may be prevented and restricted to ilow between the baille and the bottom of the tank when the tank is rocked.
2. An apparatus for growing crystals in a solution comprising a substantially rectangular tank for receiving a supply of crystallizing solution, means rockably supporting said tank, baille means within the tank in substantially parallel relation to the bottom of the tank and in spaced relation to the bottom of and to the ends of the tank, said baille means including means extending upwardly therefrom substantially centrally of the tank whereby flow of solution from end to end of the tank above the baille may be prevented and restricted to ilow between the baille and the bottom of the tank when the tank is rocked, and a holding means within the tank constructed to hold and support crystals above the bottom of thetank and below the horizontal baille means.
3. An apparatus for growing crystals in a solution comprising a substantially rectangular tank for receiving a supply of crystallizing solution, means rockably supporting said tank, crystal supports on the bottom of the tank arranged to hold the crystals above the bottom of the tank, and baille means within the tank in substantially parallel relation to the bottom of the tank and above the crystal supports and in spaced relation to the ends of the tank, said baille means includlng means extending upwardly substantially centrally of the tank whereby the solution is prevented` from flowing from end to end of the tank above the baille and is restricted to ilow from end to end of the tank between the baille and the bottom of the tank when the tank is rocked.
4. An apparatus for growing crystals in a solution comprising a substantially rectangular tank for receiving a supply of crystallizing solution, means supporting said tank for rocking movement about a pivot above the top of the tank, crystal supports on the bottom of the tank arranged to hold the crystals above the bottom of the tank, baille means within the tank in substantially parallel relation to the bottom of the tank and above the crystal supports and in spaced relation to the ends of the tank, said baille means including means extending upwardly substantially midway between the ends of said baille means whereby the solution is prevented from flowing from end to end of the tank above the baille and is restricted to flow from end to end of the tank between the baille and the bottom of the tank.
5. An apparatus for growing crystals in a solution comprising a substantially rectangular tank for receiving a supply of crystallizlng solution, said tank having a greater length than width -or height, means for supporting the tank for rocking movement about an axis parallel to the ends of the tank, crystal supports on the bottom of the tank arranged to hold the crystals above the bottom of the tank, and baille means within the tank above the crystal supports in substantially parallel relation to the bottom of the tank and in spaced relation to the ends of the tank, said baille means including means extending upwardly substantially midway between the ends of the tank whereby the solution is prevented from flowing from end to end of the tank above the baille and is restricted to ilow from end to end of the tank between the baille and the bottom of the tank when the tank is rocked.
'6. An apparatus for growing crystals in a solution comprising a substantially rectangular tank for receiving a supply of crystallizing solution, said tank having a greater length than width or height, means for supporting the tank for rocking movement about an axis parallel to the ends of the tank, crystal supports on the bottom of the tank arranged to hold the crystals above the bottom of the tank, baille means in the tank comprising a main baille disposed above the crystal supports in parallel relation to the bottom of the tank and extending from side to side of the tank and with the ends of said baille spaced from the ends of the tank a distance substantially equal to the distance of the main baille from the bottom of the tank, and an auxiliary baille extending upwardly from the main baille substantially midway between the ends thereof and extending from side to side of the tank, said baille means serving to prevent the flow of solution from end to end of the tank above the main baille and to insure the ilow of solution between the baille and the bottom of the tank when the tank is rocked.
WALTER O. HAAS, JR.
REFERENCES CITED UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Kjellgren May 2, 1933 Number
US588216A 1945-04-13 1945-04-13 Crystal growing apparatus Expired - Lifetime US2424273A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US588216A US2424273A (en) 1945-04-13 1945-04-13 Crystal growing apparatus

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US588216A US2424273A (en) 1945-04-13 1945-04-13 Crystal growing apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2424273A true US2424273A (en) 1947-07-22

Family

ID=24352959

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US588216A Expired - Lifetime US2424273A (en) 1945-04-13 1945-04-13 Crystal growing apparatus

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US2424273A (en)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2468761A (en) * 1946-07-05 1949-05-03 Brush Dev Co Method of growing p-type seed crystals
US2484829A (en) * 1945-06-11 1949-10-18 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Crystal growing apparatus
US2486560A (en) * 1946-09-20 1949-11-01 Erie Resistor Corp Transducer and method of making the same
US2537043A (en) * 1948-04-29 1951-01-09 Isidore I Friedman Method for synthesizing large single crystals of quartz
US2543071A (en) * 1948-06-08 1951-02-27 Stewart I Slawson Seed for crystal growing
US2546310A (en) * 1945-03-21 1951-03-27 Brush Dev Co Method of growing crystals
US2546305A (en) * 1947-02-13 1951-03-27 Brush Dev Co Method of and means for growing crystals
US2657122A (en) * 1948-12-18 1953-10-27 Westinghouse Freins & Signaux Method for continuous preparation of crystals
US2675303A (en) * 1950-04-11 1954-04-13 Clevite Corp Method and apparatus for growing single crystals of quartz
US2686712A (en) * 1949-03-21 1954-08-17 Nelson N Estes Apparatus for growing crystals
US2895808A (en) * 1954-10-19 1959-07-21 Fisons Pest Control Ltd Apparatus for the separation of solutes by partition
CN107523876A (en) * 2016-06-16 2017-12-29 国立大学法人大阪大学 Crystalline growth device and process for producing crystal

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1906757A (en) * 1928-05-19 1933-05-02 Brush Dev Co Method of producing piezo-electric crystals

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1906757A (en) * 1928-05-19 1933-05-02 Brush Dev Co Method of producing piezo-electric crystals

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2546310A (en) * 1945-03-21 1951-03-27 Brush Dev Co Method of growing crystals
US2484829A (en) * 1945-06-11 1949-10-18 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Crystal growing apparatus
US2468761A (en) * 1946-07-05 1949-05-03 Brush Dev Co Method of growing p-type seed crystals
US2486560A (en) * 1946-09-20 1949-11-01 Erie Resistor Corp Transducer and method of making the same
US2546305A (en) * 1947-02-13 1951-03-27 Brush Dev Co Method of and means for growing crystals
US2537043A (en) * 1948-04-29 1951-01-09 Isidore I Friedman Method for synthesizing large single crystals of quartz
US2543071A (en) * 1948-06-08 1951-02-27 Stewart I Slawson Seed for crystal growing
US2657122A (en) * 1948-12-18 1953-10-27 Westinghouse Freins & Signaux Method for continuous preparation of crystals
US2686712A (en) * 1949-03-21 1954-08-17 Nelson N Estes Apparatus for growing crystals
US2675303A (en) * 1950-04-11 1954-04-13 Clevite Corp Method and apparatus for growing single crystals of quartz
US2895808A (en) * 1954-10-19 1959-07-21 Fisons Pest Control Ltd Apparatus for the separation of solutes by partition
CN107523876A (en) * 2016-06-16 2017-12-29 国立大学法人大阪大学 Crystalline growth device and process for producing crystal
US10145022B2 (en) * 2016-06-16 2018-12-04 Osaka University Crystal growth apparatus and crystal production method
CN107523876B (en) * 2016-06-16 2020-11-20 国立大学法人大阪大学 Crystal growth apparatus and crystal manufacturing method

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2424273A (en) Crystal growing apparatus
GB732154A (en) Improvements in and relating to gas and liquid contact apparatus
US2877700A (en) Print washer
US2525164A (en) Icing applying machine
US1507852A (en) Glass feeder
US2157339A (en) Apparatus for conveying particulate materials
US3700073A (en) Self-aligning and flexing guide-roll rack
US1628434A (en) Mold support
FR2557540B1 (en) PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CONTAINERS IN FLEXIBLE OR SEMI-RIGID MATERIAL AND WITH AN ELONGATED NUT AND CONTAINERS MANUFACTURED BY THIS PROCESS
GB1076220A (en) Passive tank ship stabilizer
US2167690A (en) Displacement dipper pump
US2502728A (en) Egg washing machine
US2249660A (en) Milk cooler
US2537204A (en) Doughnut turner
US2807953A (en) Apparatus for the liquid treatment of warp form threads or yarns
US1879635A (en) Liquid-feeding means
US3416432A (en) Installation for the pasteurization or sterilization of commodities packed in containers
FR985163A (en) Variable height trailer on removable bogie with multiple steerable wheels for transporting extra-heavy undivided masses
US1880751A (en) Pickling apparatus
US2068601A (en) Oscillating wiping machine
US2248203A (en) Washing machine attachment
US2008247A (en) Feeding mechanism
US1634038A (en) Dishwashing machine
CN208883987U (en) The double-deck door body assembly for apparatus for atomic layer deposition
US1623192A (en) Measuring device