US2423126A - Electromagnetic relay - Google Patents

Electromagnetic relay Download PDF

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Publication number
US2423126A
US2423126A US480414A US48041443A US2423126A US 2423126 A US2423126 A US 2423126A US 480414 A US480414 A US 480414A US 48041443 A US48041443 A US 48041443A US 2423126 A US2423126 A US 2423126A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
armature
core
relay
magnet
permanent magnet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US480414A
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English (en)
Inventor
Clement M Theillaumas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
International Standard Electric Corp
Original Assignee
International Standard Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by International Standard Electric Corp filed Critical International Standard Electric Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2423126A publication Critical patent/US2423126A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays

Definitions

  • the polarization of an electromagnetic relay armature is effected by modifying the magnetic circuit of the armature by means of a permanent magnet associated with this armature and disposed on the other side of the core with respect to the armature in such a way that the armature is or is not attracted, depending on the direction of the magnetization produced in the core by the exciting current of the relay.
  • Polarized electromagnetic relays that make use of features of this invention comprise, in association with each armature that is to operate for one direction only of the exciting current, a permanent magnet which, together with the armature, forms a fork or a bridge that frames the portion of the magnetic core which cooperates with that particular armature.
  • the winding [6 (Fig. 5) is fed with a current having such a direction that the core 2 becomes magnetized in such a way as to acquire in the portion facing the armature l a magnetization of the same polarity as that of the portion of the permanent magnet 3, the relay will operate because the permanent magnet 3 is then repelled by the core 2 of the same magnetic polarity, while the armature l is attracted by the core.
  • the rapidity of action due to attraction is greater than that of a relay of the same type which has no permanent magnet associated with its armature.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 are schematic end views of a portion of a relay of fiat type that incorporates certain features of this invention
  • Figs. 3 and 4 illustrate a modification of the design of Figs. 1 and 2;
  • Fig. 5 shows another type of construction embodying certain features of this invention as applied to the body of a relay.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 respectively, show the neutral and operated positions of a flat relay armature with respect to a stationary core 2.
  • a. small permanent magnet 3 is added to the armature l. Together with the armature I, this magnet 3 as seen from the end or in vertical section has a Y-shapawhile the core 2 is located between the arms of this Y.
  • the magnet 3 may extend parallel to the armature I, and be either as long as the armature or shorter, according to the degree of polarization required for the relay, and at the same time according to the material of which the magnet is made.
  • the relay When the current of the exciting coil I6 is interrupted, the relay returns to rest or neutral position with a speed greater than that of a relay that has no permanent magnet, because the magnet attracts the core and does so with a force of attraction that becomes all the greater according as the air gap diminishes, and this effort accelerates the return of the armature into the position shown in Fig. 1 by supplementing the effect of whatever contact springs may be additionally employed for purposes of armature restoration.
  • the winding i6 is fed with a current having such a direction that the core 2 becomes magnetized in such a way as to acquire in the portion facing the armature l a magnetization of an opposite polarity to that of the free end of the permanent magnet, the relay 3 remains neutral or at rest owing to the mutual attraction of the magnet 3 and the core 2.
  • the stability of the relay in its resting position even increases with the intensity of the exciter current but only to a certain extent because, when the the permanent magnet 3, the reversal of the direction of the current is without eiTect by itself and such current causes attraction of the armature, in whichever direction the current may how.
  • the permanent magnet 3 may be designed in various shapes depending on requirements, in practice. For example, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, use may be made of a magnet 3 of bridge shape and having at the armature head i a profile that is symmetrical with respect to the plane of core 2. It is evident that in this latter case the arrangement should be such that the ends in contact with the armature arms shall have the same polarity. The other polarity is found at the center of the bridge-shape magnet 3' facing core '2.
  • the device shown in Figs. 3 and 4 in the neutral and operated positions, respectively, is something like the on that would be formed by two similar magnets positioned back of each other with the like poles thereof placed in contact with each other.
  • the mode of polarization of a relay armature as just described only relates to the type of construction of the armature itself, and not to the body and the windings of the relay, nor even to other possibly employed armatures of this relay. Designs such as those above described consequently make it easy to manufacture polarized relays with multiple combinations of make and break, or reversing contacts. Furthermore, they are particularly applicable to flat types of relays, without substantially increasing the space occupied by such relays.
  • relays including contacts designed like those above described have a high sensitivity and speed of operation.
  • a schematic example of an embodiment of a relay modified accordingly is shown in Fig. 5.
  • the magnetic element or core consists of a sheet I 2, e. g., of soft iron, tightly joined over its entire length to a sheet l4 of a hypermagnetic alloy of suitable thickness.
  • a sheet l4 of a hypermagnetic alloy of suitable thickness.
  • Any suitable form of energizing coil, such as IE5 may be employed to magnetize the core.
  • the sheet l4 may, for example, consist of a sheet of a material such as those known under the trade names of permalloy, anhyster, etc,
  • Polarized relay device including a core, an energizing coil for magnetizing said core, an unmagnetized armature lying on one side of said core so as to be attracted thereby when said coil is excited, and a permanent magnet mechanically coupled to said armature so as to move and be moved simultaneously therewith and lying on the other side of said core from the side upon which said armature lies, whereby the polarity excited in said core by said energizing coil determines the respective attraction or repulsion of said magnet and thereby determines the position assumed by said armature in response to a predetermined direction of current in said energizing coil.
  • Polarized relay including a core, means for exciting said core, a composite fork-like armature structure embracing the active end of said core and havin one arm of the fork constituted by magnetic but unmagnetized material and the other arm of the fork constituted by permanently magnetized material, whereby the polarity excited in said active end of said core relative to said magnetized arm of said fork by a predetermined direction of current through said exciting means, determines the movement of said armature.
  • Polarized relay including an exciting coil, a core energized thereby and having an active :portion extending outside said coil, and a substantially symmetrical armature embracing said active core portion, said armature having the portion lying on one side of said core constituted by magnetic but unmagnetized material, while the portion of said armature lying on the other side of said core is constituted by a bridge-shaped permanent magnet having two like poles at the central portion of the bridge.
  • Device located so as substantially completely to cover one side of said active end of said core.
  • Device including a sheet of hypermagnetic material substantially completely covering the side of said core which faces said permanent magnet, whereby the sensitivity and speed of response of said relay device are enhanced.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
US480414A 1941-04-07 1943-03-24 Electromagnetic relay Expired - Lifetime US2423126A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2423126X 1941-04-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2423126A true US2423126A (en) 1947-07-01

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US480414A Expired - Lifetime US2423126A (en) 1941-04-07 1943-03-24 Electromagnetic relay

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US (1) US2423126A (US08197722-20120612-C00042.png)
BE (1) BE448077A (US08197722-20120612-C00042.png)
FR (1) FR959682A (US08197722-20120612-C00042.png)
NL (1) NL61337C (US08197722-20120612-C00042.png)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US819322A (en) * 1901-11-16 1906-05-01 Union Switch & Signal Co Electric signaling.
US1234970A (en) * 1914-10-06 1917-07-31 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Indicating cycle-meter.
US1421269A (en) * 1920-12-16 1922-06-27 Union Switch & Signal Co Electromagnet
US1743478A (en) * 1927-10-21 1930-01-14 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Magnetic device
US1770673A (en) * 1929-09-11 1930-07-15 Union Switch & Signal Co Electrical relay
US1832583A (en) * 1929-07-26 1931-11-17 Railway Signal Company Ltd Rotary electro-magnetic mechanism
US2203888A (en) * 1938-03-05 1940-06-11 Union Switch & Signal Co Electrical relay

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US819322A (en) * 1901-11-16 1906-05-01 Union Switch & Signal Co Electric signaling.
US1234970A (en) * 1914-10-06 1917-07-31 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Indicating cycle-meter.
US1421269A (en) * 1920-12-16 1922-06-27 Union Switch & Signal Co Electromagnet
US1743478A (en) * 1927-10-21 1930-01-14 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Magnetic device
US1832583A (en) * 1929-07-26 1931-11-17 Railway Signal Company Ltd Rotary electro-magnetic mechanism
US1770673A (en) * 1929-09-11 1930-07-15 Union Switch & Signal Co Electrical relay
US2203888A (en) * 1938-03-05 1940-06-11 Union Switch & Signal Co Electrical relay

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL61337C (US08197722-20120612-C00042.png)
BE448077A (US08197722-20120612-C00042.png)
FR959682A (US08197722-20120612-C00042.png) 1950-03-31

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