US2421317A - Railway truck - Google Patents

Description

G. F. COUCH RAILWAY TRUCK May 27, 1947.

Filed March 12, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet l v 6. F. COUCH RAILWAY TRUCK May 27, 1947,

Filed March 12; 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented May 27, 1947 RAILWAY TRUCK Glenn F. Couch, Rochester N. Y., assignor to The Symington-Gould Corporation, Rochester, N. Y., a corporation of Maryland Application March 12, 1941, Serial No. 383,023

32 Claims. 1

This invention relates to a railway truck and more particularly to a rigid or controlled type thereof.

An object of the invention is the provision, in a railway truck, of a side frame supporting a bolster structure through the medium of a group or nest of springs and an arrangement and association of parts capable of snubbing or dampening harmonic or synchronous vibrations of the springs which would be, in the absence of the parts, otherwise created.

Another object of the invention is to provide, in a railway truck, an association of means adapted to cushion the expansive movement or recoil of the bolster supporting springs while permitting a relatively free compressive movement thereof.

A further object of the invention is the provision, in a railway truck, of a bolster structure so constructed and arranged with associated means that the bolster structure and related side frames remain perpendicularly disposed relative to one another.

The above as well as numerous other objects will become apparent from the succeeding description considered together with the accompanying drawings which, in the several views, disclose a species of the invention and wherein:

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic plan view of a railway truck with no attempt made to illustrate any particular form of construction or association of parts embodying the present invention.

Figure 2 is a side view of a portion of a railway truck exemplifying the present invention and being illustrated partially in elevation and partially in vertical section.

Figure 3 is a partial plan and partial horizontal sectional view of the arrangement shown in Figure 2 and taken along the lines 3-3 of Figure 2, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 4 is an enlarged vertical sectional view taken along the lines 44 of Figure 2, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 5 is a horizontal cross sectional view taken along the lines 55 of Figure 2, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Referring now in detail to the drawings, wherein like reference characters designate like parts, the numeral I is employed to indicate, in a general manner, a railway truck having two transversely spaced side frames 2 which are vertically disposed and extend in a longitudinal direction. The side frames are connected or joined by a load carrying member or bolster structure 3 extending thereof. Since both side frames of the railway truck are of identical construction in every detail, the succeeding description will be limited to a single side frame except whereby it is desired to illustrate the particular relationship or association of the side frames. The side frame comprises a lower or tension member 4 and an upper or compression member 5 spaced vertically and joined intermediate their ends by longitudinally spaced, vertically extending, guide columns 6 to define a window or bolster opening 1 therebetween.

Each guide column is desirably channel shape in horizontal cross section which, for a portion of the length thereof, opens inwardly toward the window opening, and the remaining portion opens away from the bolster opening for a definite purpose to be hereinafter set forth. Specifically, each guide column comprises a vertically directed web 8 merging at its extremities into the compression and tension members and having, for the major portion of its upper half, inwardly directed, transversely spaced, inner and outer flanges 9 and 9, respectively, restricting the bolster opening and, while they are joined to the compression member, they terminate short of the tension member to permit the webs to define the longitudinal limits of the lower portion of the window opening. Each column flange is provided, adjacent its free extremity, with a supplemental or complementary flange Ill, L-shaped in configuration when viewed from the side as in Figure 2, to have a vertical leg or portion ll thereof presenting an appreciable opening defining or bolster bearing surface I 2 and a horizontal leg or portion I3 extending across the column flange to reinforce or stiffen the lower or free extremity thereof. The lower portion of the column web has auxiliary, transversely spaced, gusset-shaped flanges I4 directed away from the window opening to merge with the tension member and the flanges 9 and 9 to function as braces reinforcing the guide column-tension member connection.

The load carrying member or bolster 3 has an extremity I5 thereof positioned in the upper portion of the window opening and desirably comprises vertically spaced top and bottom walls is and It respectively, joined adjacent their extremities by horizontally spaced, vertically disposed, side walls to form a rigid, box-like end structure. Interposed between the bolster bottom wall It and the tension member is a group or nest of helical or coil springs 18 functioning transversely of the truck intermediate the ends as a resilient support for the bolster. The bolster is desirably of the guide-lugless type; that is to say, the most usual guide column engaging lugs are absent from the instant bolster structure. The lugs referred to are, when associated with a bolster extremity or formed integrally with the side walls of the bolster, in straddling or overlying spaced relation to the guide columns and function as a means to limit while permitting a predetermined transverse movement of the bolster relative to the side frames or a loose interlock between the bolster and side frames. Such a structure cannot be considered a rigid truck since one side frame thereof, during service, is free to assume a position out of transverse alignment with the related side frame.

A locking and controlling means has been associated with the bolster and side frame so as to maintain a pair of side frames in tranverse alignment and cushion or dampen the oscillations or vibrations of the helical springs in the group 18. As the railway truck progresses along the right of way, the wheels l of the truck pass over rail joints, irregularities in the rails, switches and the like (not shown) to impart impulses to the truck. Especially when the wheels pass over rail joints or contiguous rail extremitie these impulses are transmitted to the truck longitudinally thereof because of the delivering rail extremity, due to the superimposed load, being lower or out of horizontal alignment with the receiving rail extremity. These longitudinal thrusts, when imparted to one side of a truck, tend to urge the side frame on that side of the truck rearwardly from the direction of progress or out of alignment with the side frame on the opposite side of the truck. Also as the bolster supporting springs are all of the helical or coil type and of the same size, they have a substantially uniform period of vibration, and at certain speeds of the truck the impulses above mentioned, if appearing at fixed or periodic intervals, will synchronize with the oscillations of the springs tending to force the springs solid upon a compressive movement thereof and expand them beyond their normal height upon recoil thereof. If such a spring action were permitted it would result in damage to the springs themselves as well as to the truck, superimposed car body and the lading within the car body.

An arrangement of parts, therefore, has been incorporated in the present structure to maintain the side frames in alignment and dampen, retard, check or snub vibrations of the bolster supporting springs set up in service. As an exemplification of the arrangement of parts for the accomplishment of the above there is provided, outstanding from each bolster side wall in the vertical plane of the side frame, an arm or friction shoe ll formed integral with and of lesser height than the associated side wall and extending into the adjacent guide column between the flanges 9 and li thereof to terminate short of the related column webs. The arms are of such height that during the assembly of the truck a bolster extremity may, in the absence of the group of springs, be inserted into the lower area of the window opening below the flanges 9 and 9 until the arms lie between the extended plane of the overlying flanges at which time the bolster may then be raised to a position slightly above that illustrated. The group of springs may then be inserted in the window opening and the bolster lowered to be supported thereby.

The inner portions of the column flanges 9 and 9 are recessed to form pockets [9 facing inwardly of the columns to accommodate bearing plates secured therein by any approved means, such as the countersunk rivets 23 and arranged to relieve the column flanges of wear during service. The bearing plates 26 present inboard and outboard friction surfaces. Each bolster shoe has a vertically and longitudinally extending surface 2! facing inwardly of the truck to which is maintained, in constant relation therewith, a vertically extending wear plate 22 in intimate contact and frictional engagement with the wear plate of the related column inner flange 9. Any vertical movement, therefore, of the bolster extremit will result in frictional forces being created on the contacting surfaces of the wear plates 2E and 22 to snub or control the action of the group of bolster supporting springs. Since the shoes are formed integral with the bolster side walls and they react inwardly of the truck against the column inner flanges, it will be noted that the shoes form squaring arms and. the arrangement prevents or restricts a horizontal angling movement of the bolster relative to the side frames to form a rigid truck so that at all times the bolster remains in a predetermined perpendicular position relative to the side frames and the side frames are retained in perfect transverse alignment.

Included in the arrangement of parts are movable members or wedges 23 interposed between the outer column flanges 9 and the bolster shoes and the bolster side walls and column webs. Each wedge is provided with a longitudinally disposed tapered surface 24 inclined upwardly and inwardly of the truck to bear against a correspondingly inclined surface25 on the bolster shoe. Oppositely disposed from the inclined surface 2 on each wedge is a plane, vertically disposed, surface 26 substantially parallel with the vertical surface on the shoe Wear plate and in bearing relation and frictional contact with a correspond ingly disposed surface on the outer flange wear plate. The movable members are in wedging relation with the column outer flanges and bolster shoes so that frictional forces are created on the column flange wear plates and their juxtapositioned surfaces upon a vertical movement of the bolster. By reason of this arrangement the bolster shoes are also prevented from moving transversely of the truck in a pivotal bolster action. The inclined surfaces are so arranged that a relatively free unrestricted downward movement of the bolster or compressive action of the support-- ing springs is permitted while the upward movement of the bolster or recoil action of the supporting springs is snubbed or checked. As will be noted by referring particularly to Figure 5 of the drawings, the bolster shoes will move downwardly in a direction away from the wedges during a deflection of the springs l8 so that substantially a small degree of frictional forces is developed to retard such a spring action. However, during a reverse action of the springs the bolster shoes will move toward the wedges, and b reason of the tapering contacting surfaces 2& and 25 the Wedges and shoes will be urged into tighter engagement with the wear plates of the column flanges 9 and 9, respectively, to check this spring movement. Accordingly, as the truck of the disclosed structure progresses along rail and passes over a rail joint or the like, vertical impulses will be transmitted to the side frame causing a substantially unobstructed compressive movement of the springs which will be relatively free to absorb the blow, and upon an expansive movement of the springs the shoes and wedges will be urged into greater frictional engagement with the guide column wear plates to disturb the spring vibrations and overcome any tendency for the oscillations of the springs to synchronize with the external impulses.

The surfaces 24 and 25 are formed convex and concave, respectively, in horizontal cross section. Since these surfaces are arcuate or coaxial, relative movement therebetween longitudinally of the truck is prevented, and any tendency of the bol- -ster extremity to move longitudinally of the truck will be resisted by frictional forces created on the column flange wear plates and related surfaces of the shoe wear plates and Wedges until this longitudinal bolster movement will be definitely arrested by the inwardly facing, window opening defining surfaces 12 contacting the associated bolster side wall.

A flexible means is provided in the structure to retain the shoes and wedges in their proper relationship, and as exemplary of such a means each wedge is preferably of skeletonized form to present an upwardly facing pocket or receptacle so as to house or retain in position a coil spring 21 having its lower extremity bearing on a transverse or horizontal seat 28 in the wedge intermediate the height thereof. A cap 29, spaced vertically from the wedges, is mounted upon the upper extremity of each wedge spring. An apertured shelf or ledge 30, spaced below each wedge, forms an integral horizontal and longitudinal extension of the bolster bottom wall l6 and merges with the lower extremity of each bolster shoe. As is well known, a plurality of helical or coil springs formed of the same size wires or rods, of the same free height and having the identical number of turns will vary as to their capacity. Accordingly, so that the degree of frictional forces at th re-' spective sides of a window opening may be equalized and ensure a true vertical movement of the bolster, there is provided a vertically disposed tie means of any nature, such as the disclosed bolt 3| which extends through each apertured shelf and the related wedge, spring and cap. Threaded on the free extremity of each bolt is a rotatable means or nut 32 which may be selectively manipulated to compress the spring 2'! and determine the transverse pressure or spreading action of the shoes and wedges as well as the degree of frictional forces created on the contacting or juxtapositioned surfaces of the shoes and wedges and the guide column wear plates. These frictional forces can, therefore, be equalized at either side of the window opening and varied as desired merely by increasing or decreasing the effective length of the bolts 3!. shelves have depending therefrom lips or shoulders 33 positioned adjacent an associated head 34 of the bolt to prevent the bolt from turning during service to alter or change the effective length thereof.

As will be clearly understood, various changes and alterations may be made to th illustrated and described structure without departing from within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a railway truck of the type having a side frame comprising spaced guide columns having transverse webs and longitudinal flanges upstanding from a tension member and defining a window opening therebetween, the combination of a bolster extending into said window opening, spring means positioned between said tension member and bolster, shoe means integral with said bolster outstanding therefrom longitudinally The of said truck and in bearing relation with a flange of an associated guide column, wedge means interposed between each sho means and another flange of an associated guide column, and spring means reacting against said wedge means for urging the latter toward said shoe means.

2. In a railway truck of a type having a pair of side frames each comprising spaced guide columns having transverse webs and longitudinal flanges upstanding from a tension member and defining a window opening therebetween, the combination of a bolster structure having an extremity extending .into each of said openings, integral means outstanding from each bolster extremity longitudinally of said truck and positioned in associated guide columns, means positioned in each guide column in intimate .contact therewith and with said associated integral means for frictionally engaging a flange of said guide column, said integral means reacting constantly against flanges of said guide columns for maintaining said side frames in transverse alignment.

'3. In a railway truck of a type having .a pair of transversely spaced side frames each comprising spaced guide columns having transverse 'webs and longitudinal flanges upstanding from a tension member and defining a window opening therebetween, the combination of a bolster structure having an extremity extending into each of said openings, means outstanding from each bolster extremity longitudinally of said truck and positioned in accommodating guide columns, and movable means positioned in each guide column in intimate contact therewith and with said outstanding means, said outstanding means being in constant intimate contact with said guide column flanges for maintaining said side frames in transverse alignment.

4. In a railway truck of a type having a side frame comprising spaced guide columns upstanding from a tension member to define a window opening therebetween and a nest of vertically acting springs seated on said tension member, the combination of a bolster structure having an extremity extending into said opening and supported by said'nest of springs, means outstanding from said bolster extremity and extending into said guide columns to be in constant frictional engagement therewith, and movable means positioned in said guide columns in intimate contact with said outstanding means and in frictional engagement with said guide columns, said movable and outstanding means being arranged and constructed so as to cushion the action of said springs to a greater degree when said springs are acting in one direction than in the other direction.

5. In a railway truck of a type having a side frame comprising spaced guide columns upstanding from a tension member to define a window opening therebetween and a nest of vertically acting springs seated on .said tension member, the combination of a bolster structure having an extremity extending into said opening and supported by said nest of springs, means outstanding from said bolster extremity and extending into said guide columns, and movable means positioned in said guide columns in intimate contact with said outstanding means, said movable and outstanding means being arranged and constructed so as to frictionally engage said guide columns and cushion the action of said springs to a greater degree when said springs are acting in one direction than in the other direction.

6. In a railway truck of thetypehaving a side frame comprising spaced guide columns upstanding from a tension member to define a window opening therebetween and a group of helical springs seated on said tension member, the combination of a bolster seated on said spring group and extending into said window opening, said bolster having integral means positioned in said guide columns, and means in said guide columns and mounted upon said integral means, said last named means and integral means being arranged to frictionally engage said guide columns to snub the action of said group of helical springs.

7. In a railway truck of the type having a side frame comprising spaced guide columns upstanding from a tension member to define a Window opening therebetween and a nest of coil springs seated on said tension member, the combination of a bolster structure seated on said spring nest and extending into said window opening, said bolster structure having means outstanding therefrom and positioned in said guide columns outwardly of said nest of springs, movable means in said guide columns associated with said outstanding means, and spring means arranged to urge said movable means against said outstanding means, said movable and outstanding means being in frictional engagement with said guide columns so as to cushion the action of said nest of coil springs.

8. In a railway truck of the type having a side frame comprising spaced guide columns upstanding from a tension member to define a window opening therebetween and a nest of coil springs seated on said tension member, the combination of a bolster mounted on said spring nest and extending into said window opening, said bolster having integral shoes extending into said guide columns, wedges movable with respect to said shoes positioned in said guide columns and in bearing relation with said shoes, and means connecting said shoes and wedges, said shoes and wedges being arranged to react transversely of said truck to frictionally engage said guide columns and thereby dampen the oscillations of said coil springs.

9. In a railway truck of the type having a side frame comprising spaced guide columns upstanding from a tension member to define a window opening therebetween and a nest of coil springs seated on said tension member, the combination of a bolster mounted on said spring nest and having oppositely directed shoes outstanding therefrom, said shoes being positioned in said guide columns, wedges positioned in said guide columns and in bearing relationwith said shoes,

seated on said tension member, the combination of a bolster extremity mounted on said spring nest and having means immovable with respect thereto extending into said guide columns, movable means associated with said first named means, and flexible means connecting said movable and first named means, said movable and first named means reacting transversely of said truck and being so arranged and constructed as to maintain said bolster and side frame at all times in squared relation.

11. In a lugless bolster extremity having side walls, integral shoes outstanding from said side walls, vertical surfaces on said shoes adapted to react longitudinally of said bolster against guide columns of an associated side frame, and inclined surfaces on said shoes angularly disposed relative to said vertical surfaces and adapted to react longitudinally of said bolster against a means interposed between said shoes and guide columns.

12. In a railway truck of the type having a.

side frame comprisin spaced guide columns upstanding from a tension member to define a window opening therebetween and a nest of coil springs seated on said tension member, the combination of a bolster mounted on said spring nest and having oppositely directed shoes outstanding therefrom, said shoes being positioned in said guide columns, wear plates on said shoes in engagement with wear plates on flanges of said guide columns, wedges interposed between said shoes and other flanges of said guide columns, and flexible means connecting said wedges and shoes, said wedges and shoes being arranged and constructed to snub the recoil of said springs.

13. In a railway truck of the type having a side frame comprising spaced guide columns upstanding from a tension member to define a window opening therebetween and a nest of coil springs seated on said tension member, the combination of a bolster mounted on said spring nest and having oppositely directed shoes outstanding therefrom, said shoes being positioned in said guide columns, wear plates on said shoes in engagement with wear plates on flanges of said guide columns, wedges interposed between said shoes and other flanges of said guide columns, spring means housed in said wedges, and means connecting said springs and shoes for maintaining said wedges in bearing relation with said shoes and guide columns.

14. In a railway truck of the type having a side frame comprising spaced guide columns upstanding from a tension member to define a window opening therebetween and a nest of coil springs seated on said tension member, the combination of a bolster mounted on said spring nest and having oppositely directed shoes outstanding therefrom, said shoes being positioned in said guide columns and reacting against flanges of said guide columns, wedges interposed between said shoes and other flanges of said guide columns, flexible means connecting said shoes and wedges, and arcuate contacting surfaces on said wedges and shoes to prevent a movement therebetween longitudinally of said truck.

15. In a railway truck of the type having a side frame comprising spaced guide columns upstanding from a tension member to define a window opening therebetween and a nest of coil springs seated on said tension member, the combination of a bolster mounted on said spring nest and having oppositely directed shoes outstanding therefrom, said shoes being positioned in said guide columns and reactin against flanges thereof transversely of said truck, wedges interposed between said shoes and other flanges of said guide columns, ledges outstanding from said shoes, sprin means housed by said wedges, and means extending between said spring means and ledges for maintaining said spring means under a predetermined compression.

16. In a railway truck of the type having a side frame comprising spaced guide columns upstanding from a tension member to define a wedges, means outstanding from said bolster below said wedges, and adjustable means connecting said outstanding means and resilient means for maintaining the latter under a predetermined compression. 1

17. In a railway truck of the type having a side frame comprising spaced guide columns upstanding from a tension member t0 definea window opening therebetween and a nest of coil springs seated on said tension member, the

combination of a bolster mounted on said spring- 18. In a railway car truck, a side frame havingspaced columns and an intervening bolster opening, a bolster resiliently supported within said opening, inboard and outboard friction surfaces within each column, and friction means associated with each column and comprising a wedge element vertically movable with the bolster and disposed between the spaced friction surfaces within said column, another wedge element in frictional engagement with one of said surfaces and in complementary wedge engagement with the first-mentioned element, resilient means under compression and spaced from. one of said elements and seated against the other thereof, a rigid member extending through the lastmentioned element and through said resilient means and carrying abutment means therefor, and a connection between said rigid member and the wedge element remote from said resilient means. 1

19. In a railway car truck, a side frame having spaced columns and an intervening bolster opening, a bolster resiliently supported within said opening, and a friction device associated wit each of said columns and comprising inboard and outboard friction surfaces therein, a wedge element associated with the bolster and vertically movable therewith, said element being disposed intermediate said surfaces, another element in frictional engagement with one of said surfaces and in wedge engagement with said first-mentioned element, resilient means compressed against one of said elements and spaced from the other thereof, and means for transmittin reaction of said resilient means to the last-mentioned of said elements.

20. In a railway car truck, a side frame having spaced columns and an intervening bolster opening, a bolster resiliently supported in said opening, and friction means comprising a friction surface on said frame, a wedge surface vertically movable with said bolster, a friction shoe engaging said wedge and friction surfaces, 2, spring plate vertically movable with said bolster, compressed resilient means engaging said spring plate 10 and urging said friction shoe against said wedge and friction surfaces, and a bolt and nut assembly connected to said spring plate for holding said resilient means under compression, said resilient means being sleeved over said bolt and nut assembly intermediate the ends thereof.

21. In a railway car truck, a side frame having spaced columns and an intervening bolster opening, a bolster resiliently supported in said opening, inner and outer friction surfaces disposed within said columns, means integral with said .bolster and extending into said columns, said means being arranged to contact one of said friction surfaces, movable means within said columns arranged to contact the other of said friction surfaces, and mean including resilient means for urging said integral means and movable means against said column friction surfaces.

22. In a railway truck of the type having a side frame comprising spaced guide columns upstandin from a tension member to define a window opening therebetween and a nest of springs seated on said tension member, the combination of, a bolster mounted on said spring nest and having oppositely directed shoes outstanding therefrom, said shoes being positioned in said guide columns and reacting transversely of said truck against flanges of said guide columns, wedge means interposed between said shoes and other flanges of said guide columns, ledges outstanding from said shoes, spring means acting against said wedges and adjustable means connecting said spring means and ledges for maintaining said spring means under a predetermined compression.

23. In a railway truck of the type having a side frame comprising spaced guide columns upstanding from a tension member to define a window opening therebetween and a group of springs seated on said tension member, the combination of, a bolster seated on said spring group and eX- tending into said window opening, said bolster having integral means positioned in said guide columns, and means in said guide columns and associated with said integral means, said last named means and integral means being arranged to frictionally engage said guide columns to snu the action of said group of springs.

24. In a railway truck of the type having a side frame comprising spaced uide columns upstanding from a tension member to define a window opening therebetween and a group of springs mounted on said tension member, the combination of, abolster structure bearing upon .said spring group and extending into said window opening, said bolster structure having integral means positioned in said guide columns, movable means in said guide columns and associated with said integral means; both of said means being arranged to frictionally engage said guide columns to snub the action of said group of springs, and resilient means movable with said bolstenfor urging said movable means against said integral means.

25. In a railway truck of the type having a side frame comprising spaced guide columns upstanding from a tension member to define a window opening therebetween and a group of springs mounted on said tension member, the combination of, a bolster structure bearing upon said spring group and extendin into said window opening, said bolster structure having integral means positioned in said guide columns, movable means in said guide columns and associated with said integral means; both of said means being arranged to frictionally engage said guide columns to snub the action of said group of springs,

resilient means movable with said bolster for urging said movable means against said integral means, and means connecting said resilient means and bolster.

26. In a railway truck of the type having a side frame comprising spaced columns to define a window therebetween and a nest of springs carried by said side frame within said window and supporting a bolster, the combination of, friction means comprising a friction surface on said frame, means carrying a wedge surface vertically movable with said bolster, a friction shoe engaging said wedge and friction surfaces, an abutment surface vertically movable with said bolster, resilient means acting against said abutment surface for urging said friction shoe against said wedge and friction surfaces, and bolt means associated with said abutment surface for holding said resilient means under compression.

27. In a railway truck of the type having a side frame comprising spaced columns to define a window therebetween and a nest of springs carried by said side frame within said window and supporting a bolster, the combination of, friction means comprising a friction surface on said frame, means extending into said columns and carrying an inclined surface vertically movable with said bolster, a friction shoe engaging said inclined and friction surfaces, an abutment surface vertically movable with said bolster, a coil spring acting against said abutment surface for urging said friction shoe against said inclined and friction surfaces, and bolt means extending through said resilient means and inclined surface carrying means for holding said resilient means under compression.

28. In a. railway truck of the type having a side frame comprising spaced columns to define a window therebetween and a nest of springs carried by said side frame within said window and supporting a bolster, the combination of, friction means comprising inboard and outboard friction surfaces on a column of said side frame, means carrying a surface engaging said inboard friction surface and an inclined surface, said means being movable vertically with said bolster, movable means engaging said inclined and outboard surfaces, an abutment surface vertically movable with said bolster, a coil spring reacting against said abutment surface for urging said movable means against said inclined and outboard surfaces, and bolt means connecting a means carrying said abutment surface and said inclined surface carrying means for holding said abutment surface against said coil spring.

29. A friction means for use in a railway truck comprising spaced walls, one of said walls having a plane vertically disposed surface and the other of said walls having a vertically inclined cylindrical surface angularly disposed relative to said plane surface, and seat means interposed between said surfaces.

30. In a bolster extremity having side walls, integral shoes outstanding from said side walls, vertical surfaces on said shoes adapted to react longitudinally of said bolster against guide columns of an associated side frame, and inclined surfaces on said shoes angularly disposed relative to said vertical surfaces and adapted to react longitudinally of said bolster in an opposite direction from the reaction of said vertical surfaces.

31. In a bolster, the combination of, horizontally spaced side walls arranged to fit between columns of a side frame, means outstanding from each side wall, a plane vertical surface on each means arranged to contact constantly an associated surface of said columns, and an inclined surface on each means facing oppositely and away from said plane vertical surface.

32. In a bolster, the combination of, horizontally spaced side walls arranged to fit between columns of a side frame, means integral with and outstanding from each side wall, a plane vertical surface on each means arranged to contact constantly an inboard surface of said columns, and an inclined surface on each integral means extending downwardly and toward an associated end of said bolster, said inclined surfaces facing away from said plane surfaces.

GLENN F. COUCH.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,894,385 Webb Jan. 17, 1933 1,894,386 Webb Jan. 17, 1933 818,642 Price Apr. 24, 1906 2,053,989 Goodwin Sept. 8, 1936 2,118,006 Couch May 17, 1938 2,283,332 Light May 19, 1942 2,141,767 Camp Dec. 27, 1933

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