US2118006A - Railway truck - Google Patents

Description

May 17, 1938. G. F. coUcH l l RAILWAY TRUCK iled Jan. 14, 1,935

4 Sheets-Sheet 1 May '17, 193s. G, E CUCH 2,118,006

' RAILWAY TRUCK May 17,1938. l G. F. coUcH 2,118,006

RAILWAY TRUCK 4 Filed Jan. 14, 1935 4 sheets-sheet s l, l my www 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 May .17, 1938. G. F. coucH RAILWAY TRUCK Filed Jan. 14, 1955 i Patented May 17, 1938@ UNITED s "ia'ra-s RAILWAY TRUCK Glenn F. Couch, Rochester, N. Y., assignor to The Symington-Gould Corporation, Rochester,

N. Y., a corporation of Maryland Application January 14, 1935, Serial No. 1,792

25 Claims.

'I'his application is a. continuation, in part, of my ,application 4for railway trucks, Serial No. 575,080, led November 14, 1931;

This invention relates to railway trucks, and,-

more particularly, to such involving a device adapted to snub the action of truck bolster springs.

. 'I'he principal object of my invention, generally considered, is to providea friction unit associated with a truck bolster and adapted to cooperate with the bolster springs by snubbing the action thereof.

Another object of my invention is to-provide a friction device on a railway truck acting between the compression member of a side frame and the associated bolster for, snubbing the recoil of the bolster springs.

A further object of my invention is the provision of a cushioning device Vcomprising a spreader or central wedge element adapted to be connected or anchored to a railway truck side frame for vertical movement therewith, friction wedges normally engaging aportion of a bolster, and resilient means associated with said spreader ele- 25 ment and wedges for urging said wedges into engagament with the spreader element and cooperating friction surfaces on the bolster.

Other objects and advantages of the invention relating to the particular arrangement and con- 30', struction of the various parts will become apparent as the description' proceeds.

Referring to the drawings illustrating my invention, the scope whereof is defined by the appended claims:-

Figure 1 is a fragmentary side elevation of a railway vehicle truck with portions thereof shown in vertical section.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary vertical transverse sectional view of that portion of the truck shown in Figure 1, portions of the bolster and associated springs and snubbing device being shown in elevation.` v

Figure 3 is a fragmentary view corresponding to Figure 2 but showing a modification.

Figure 4 is afragmentary view corresponding to Figure 1, showing a modiiledform of snubber.

Figure 5 is a plan of the snubber shown in Figure 4, the'central wedge element being shown in horizontal section.

Figure 6 is a fragmentary side elevation of a railway truck corresponding to Fig. 1, but showing another embodiment of my invention.

Figure 7 is a view corresponding to Fig. 1, but showing a further embodiment of my invention.

Figure 8 is a horizontal sectional view on the line 8 8 of Fig. 7, looking in the direction of th arrows.

Figure 9 is a view corresponding to Fig. 1, but showing a still further embodiment oi my invention. 5

Figure 10 is a sectional view on the line lil--ill of Fig'. 9, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 11 is a view also corresponding to Fig.

' 1, but showing an additional embodiment of my invention.

AFigure 12 is a sectional view on the line itl-i2 of Fig. 11, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 13 is a View corresponding to Fig. 1, but showing a further embodiment of my invention.

Figure '14 is a horizontal sectional'view on the 15 line It--ll oi Fig. 13, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 15 is a view corresponding to Fig. 1, but showing a stili further embodiment of my invention. 1

Figure 16 is a horizontal sectional view on the zo line I6|6 of Fig. 15, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Referring to the drawings in detail, like parts being designated by like reference characters, and rst considering the embodiment of my invention shown in Fig....:es1 and 2, there are shown portions of a railway truck l involving a side frame 2 having a compression member 3, and a tension member l spaced at intermediate portionsthereof by bolster guide columns 5, leaving a bolster or window opening 6 therebetween. Y

The tension member 4 is provided with a spring plank seat portion 6 which normally serves for the support of the associated spring plank 1. g In the present embodiment, the side frame 2, the associated' spring plank 1, and upper and lower spring plates 8 are of the type described in the Barrows Patent No. 1,652,808, of December 13, 1927, although it will be understood that I do not 40 wish to be limited to this showing, as my invention is adapted for use with other Ltypes of side frames, spring planks and spring plates.

An associated bolster or load-carrying member 8 has an end received in the bolster or window 45 opening 5 of the frame 2 and supported on a nest of springs I Il disposed between the spring plates 8. The bolster has outer and inner guide lugs II and I2, respectively, the lugs Il being suiiciently short so as to permit the bolster to be inserted to interlocking position with the frame by first inserting the end of the bolster in the enlarged lower portion |73 of the bolster opening and then moving it upwardly to interlocked position with the guiding portions l'l of the columns 55` I 5 before application of the supporting springs l0.

In order to `'snub the action of the springs Il, I provide a snubber or cushioning unit Il. said unit comprising an upper, inner. or central wedge or spreader frictionelement i6, preferably provided with a notch i1 adjacent its upper end, in-

terlocking with the beading I8 on the outside of' the compression 'member 3 of theframe, and a relatively short length of beading I9 on the inner side of the frontiiange 2li of said compression member 3. The lower portion of the spreader element It is preferablyprovided with convergtion portion 2l of the centrfl element Il. The

outer surfaces of the wedges 22 in the present embodiment are preferably cylindrical and normally urged into engagement with friction surfaces 24- on an apertured portion 25 of the bolster 9, or bushing received in anfaperture thereof.

The bushing or outer friction element 25' of the present embodiment, into which the inner friction 'element Ii telescopes and leaves a -tapering or wedge-receiving space therebetween, is desirably formed with a shouldered upperportion 26 for limiting downward movement thereof and a tongue 21 split away from the lower peripheral portion thereof and engaging a corresponding notch 23 in the bolster, to thereby limit upward movement thereof and lock the bushing in place.

In order to hold the wedge elements in engagement with one .another and the wedges 22 in engagement with the friction surface of the bushing 25, the upper or central wedge element it is desirably formed with a depending portion 2l, the lower end of which is desirably threaded for receiving a nut 2l and associated resilient device or coil spring 3l, preferably provided with upper and lower spring washers or caps 3| and 32, respectively.

When such a snubbing device is used on a railway truck as disclosed, it will be understood that the capacity of the bolster springs I0 is augmented. to some extent, by the cushioning action of the device upon downward movement of the bolster with respect thereto. It will be seen. however, that the capacity of the device is greater for snubbing the recoil of the springs i2, because the friction generated by movement of the bolster upwardly' over the snubber i! supplements the action of the spring 3B in urging the friction surfaces into' engagement with each other, so that the recoil of the springs is eiliciently snubbed or cushioned.

Referring no`w to the embodiment of my invention illustrated in Figure 3, it will be seen that I have shown a friction snubber l5'L which may be identical with that of the preceding embodiment, except that the upper portion of the central spreader member I6a is interlocked with inwardly extending lug orilange portions Il* on the main flange portions 20 of the compression member 3 lof the side frame 2, rather than being interlocked to merely one of the flanges of the compression member. As in the preceding embodiment, the lower portion of the friction element i8* extends into a bushing 28 interlocked with the associated bolster l".

Referring now'to the embodiment of my invention umstrated in Figures 4 and 5, s. snubbmg device lib is there shown which may b e identical with the device I5 'or Il* of the previous embodiments, except that vthe central spreader element i6 is of the rectangular rather than cylindricalconical type, and has the lower portion provided with double inclined wedge surfaces 2|'b rather v than double frustro-conical portions, said surfaces being engaged by corresponding surfaces on a pair of double friction wedges 22b which, as in the previous embodiments, provide shouldered or interlocked relationship, thereby preventing undesired displacement of the parts.

In the present embodiment, the wedges 22h may be urged into frictional engagement with the spreader element lib and portions of the apertured part of the bolster 9| or wear plates 25" therein. The wear'plates, it will be understood, preferably have their outer ends formed with interlocking lugs 2i for holding them in place after application'. As in the preceding embodiment, the wedges 22b are desirably resiliently urged into engagement with the wedge surfaces 2lb on the spreader I6h and on the wear members25bby a coil spring 30 mounted -on an extension 2lh between spring caps3|b and 32, and held in placel by a nut 29 threaded on the extension 28.' Exl' cept as speciiicallydescriled in connection with the embodiment of Figures 4 and 5, the same may correspond with the embodiment of Figures 1 and 2, or that of Figure 3. It will also beunderstood that the snubber of Figures land 2 and that of .'30

Figures 4 and 5 may be interlocked with the'compression member either in the manner'shown in Figures l and 2, or in the manner shown in Fig.-y

ure 3.

Referringnow to the embodiment of my invention illustrated in Figure -6, there are shown portions of a railway truck I involving a side frame 2 having a compression member 3 and a tension member 4 spaced at intermediate portions thereof by bolster guide columns 3, leaving a bolster or window opening 6 therebetween.

As in the first embodiment, the tension member 4 is shown supporting an associated spring plank 1 carrying a nest of springs I0 having upper and lower spring platesrli, said nest of springs serving for the support of the associated bolster 9. Y

In order to snub the action, and particularly the recoil, of the springs II,4 I provide one or more snubbers |5 for the nest'of springs Il, each snubber being associated with one of the coils of the nest of vsprings |l and comprising a central wedge or spreader friction element |6,

preferably provided with a head I1 adjacent its upper end interlocked with or engaging the upper spring plate 8 or a countersunk shouldered portion l3 thereof. 'I'he lower portion of thespreader element 48 is provided with downwardly diverg'ing friction surfaces or formed frusto-conical, as indicated at 2|, and engaged by intermediate friction aneans or wedging elements 22 formed with inner friction surfaces 23 engaging the correspondingly inclined frust-conical friction portions 2i of the central element |6.

The outer surfaces of the wedging elements'v 22 in the present embodiment are preferably cylindrical and normally urged into engagement with friction surfaces 24 on an upstanding lcylindrical or collar portion 25 of the Vlower spring plate 2 forming an outer friction element. The intermediate friction elements 22 are normally 4urged into engagement with the central friction post or element I6, and the outerfricton element or shell 25 by a coil spring 30 acting between the upper surfaces of the wedges or segmental annular members 22 and the lower surface of the upper spring plate 6. In order to hold the segmental wedge members 22 assembled with the friction post or frusto-conical portion 2|c thereof, I desirably encircle said wedge members 22e by a ring or wire 3| received in a groove 32, which ring is loose enough to allow full action of the spring 30 in pressing the wedge members 22 into engagement with the associated friction surfaces, while tight enough to prevent said wedges fromv dropping on the end oi' the frusto-conical portion 2|c of the friction post Il, when the latter is separated from the upstanding friction collar When a snubbing device as just described is used on a railway truck, it will be understood that'while the capacity of the bolster springs |0 ,is augmented to some extent by the cushioning action of the device I5c upon downward movement of the bolster with respect thereto, yet the capacity of said device is greater for snubbing f the recoil of the springs. The friction generated by movement of the upper spring plate 6c upwardly, and the corresponding upward movel s ment of the portion |6 and wedges 22c over the friction surfaces 24", said wedges being pressed into operative engagement with the associated parts by the action of the spring 30e, thereby results in an. efficient snubbing action on the associated nest of springs I0".

Referring now to the embodiment of my invention illustrated in Figures 7 and 8, there are shown portions of a railway truck |d involving a side frame 2d having a compression member 3d .and a tension member4d spaced at intermediate portions thereof by bolster4 guide columns 5d, leaving 4a bolster or window opening 6d therebetween.

The tension member 4d, asin the rst embodiment, is shown supporting an associated spring plank 1", although it will be understood that I do not wish to be limited to the employment of a spring plank. An associated bolster or load-carrying member, 9d has an end received in the window or bolster opening 64 and is supported on a nest of springs ||lc1 disposed betweenfspring plates 8d. The bolster has outer and inner guide lugs Ild and I2, respectively, as is usual.

In order to snub the action of the springs I0,

I provide a snubber or cushioning unit I5, said unit comprising a lower, inner or central wedge or spreader friction element 16d interlocked with or connected to the bolster 9d, as by means of a seat. member 33 welded to the lower web of the bolster, as indicated at 34, and provided with upstanding angular flanges 35, portions of which overlie base flange portions 36 on the wedge member |64. `The upper portion ofthe spreader element |6,d is provided with upwardly converging friction surfaces 2id, normally engaged byciement'or housing 25d connected to theupper web of the compression member 3n as by means of a bolt 31 and downwardly opening to receive the wedges I6d and 22d. The wedges 224, only one of which is illustrated, are urged into engagement with the spreader I 6i and the outer friction element or housing 25*l by means of coil springs 30d, the lower ends of which are received in pockets 36 in the wedges 22d, and the upper ends of which surround depending lugs 39 on the housing member 25d. The action of the snubber I5*i of the present embodiment is" similar to that of the snubber I5 of thc embodiment of Figures 1 and 2, except that the corresponding parts are transposed, amounting to turning the snubber upside down without affecting its action.

Referring now to the embodiment of my invention illustrated in Figures 9 and 1 0, there are shown portions of Ia railway truck involving a side frame 2 having a'compression member 3e 'and a tension member '4 spaced at intermediate portions thereof by guide columns 5, leaving a window or bolster opening 6e therebetween.

'I'he tension member 4 serves for the support of an associated spring plank 1 in the present embodiment, although I do not wish to be limited to the use of a plank. 1 Said spring plank le, in turn, supports a nest of bolster springs I 0, with associated upper and lower -plates 8e, although the plates, of course, may be dispensed with, said upper plate, in turn, supporting an associated bolster 92 In order to snub the action of the springs Ille, and particularly the recoil thereof, I provide a snubber or cushioning unit I5e between each side ofthe bolster 9e and the associated guide column 5. Inasmuch as the snubbers are desirably identical, only one will be described. Each snubber comprises a wedge member i6e provided with flanges 40 and 4|overlying and underlying the bolster 9 to cause said wedge I6'E to move with said bolster. The wedge I6e has an outer friction surface 2|e which is inclined downwardly and outwardly and normally engagedby a correspondingly inclined friction surface 22|e on an associated wedge 22e. Said wedge 22e fis urged between the wedge I6e and the web of the guide column 5e, or a Wear plate 42 secured thereto, by means of a coil spring 308,; the upper end of which surrounds a lug 39e depending from the web of the compression member 3e and the lower the top of the Wedge 22, thereby acting to effectively snub upward Amovement of the bolster 9e,

i-na manner which will be understood from the preceding disclosure.

Referring now to the embodiment of my invention illustrated in Figures 11 and 12, there is shown a side frame 2f formed with a bolster opening 6, receiving a bolster 9, which bolster is supported-directly by a nest of springs |0f, with upper and lower spring plates` 8f, resting directly on the tension member 4f of the bolster without the employment of a spring plank. The bolster in the present embodiment is formed with vertical cylindrical surfaces 44 cooperating with correspending cylindrical surfaces 45 on a spring cap member 46 disposed between the bolster 9t and the upper spring plate Bf, which cap member is interlocked with wedges I6t of snubbing devices |51' similar to the snubbing devices I5e of the preceding embodiments, as by means of lugs-41 received in corresponding pockets'48 in the spring cap or bolster end housing member 46.

V'I'he bolster ilr is allowed to angle horizontally with respect to the end receiving frame 46, and side frame 2f to which said end frame is connected, on account of the coaxial 'cylindrical surfaces 44 on the end of the bolster which nest with corresponding surfaces on said frame 46. The surfaces 44 on the bolster and the corresponding surfaces 49 on the frame or housing 46 tersol minate at their outer ends in portions 50 and 5| which together provide cylindrical pockets receiving locking members 52, only one of which is -illu Ttrated. Each locking member desirably comprises a normally vertical cylindrical portion 53 and a lower laterally extending lug 5l and is initially inserted with the lug extending outward so as to pass through a corresponding elongated aperture (not shown) in the base of the frame 46 formed to accommodate the body and lug portions. When the locking member 52 has been inserted so that the lug 54 lies above the base portion of the frame, the lug is then turned so as to point inward or toward the other locking member (not illustrated), while the bolster is elevated so that when the bolster is dropped to position, as shown in Figure 11, the lug portion 5l is received in a pocket 55 in the lo'wer surface of the bolster and securely held in place. Sufficient clearance is provided between the locking-members 52 and the bolster Bf and frame 46 to allow for the desired flexibility or angling in a horizontal plane, while preventing undesired displacement or withdrawal of the bolster. The construction of the bolster and manner of connecting it to a supporting frame is substantially as described and claimed in my U. S. Patent numbered 2,069,220, issued February 2, 1937.

The wedge members |6f are received between the flanges 55 of the guide columns 5f of the side frame 2f and thereby serve to prevent undesired withdrawal of the bolster from the side frame. Each wedge |6f has an outer friction surface 2|t which is inclined downwardly and outwardly and normally engaged by a correspondingly inclined friction surface 231 on an associated wedge 221.

Said wedge 22't is urged between the wedge I5x and the web of the guide column 5f, or a wear plate 2f secured thereto, by means of a coil spring 301, the upper end of which surrounds a lug 39 depending from the web of the compression member 3f and the lower end of which surrounds a lug f upstanding from the top of the wedge 22f, thereby acting to effectively snub upward movement of the bolster 9* in a manner which side frame 2'l having a compression member 3 and a tension member 4l spaced at intermediate portions thereof by guide columns 58, leaving a window or bolster opening 51 therebetween.

The tension member l? serves for the support of an associated spring plank 18 in the present embodiment, although I do not wish to be limited to the use of a plank. Said spring plank 1K, in turn, supports a nest of bolster springs |08, with associated upper and lower spring plates BS, although the plates, of course, may be dispensed with. The upper plate 8B, in turn, supports an associated bolster 9g.

In order to snub the action of thesprings I in both directions, I provide a snubber or cushioning unit |58 between each side of the bolster and the associated guide column S. Inasmuch as the snubbers are desirably identical, only one will be described. Each snubber comprises a wedge member I6c provided with flanges Il!! and IlIz overlying and underlying the bolster to cause said wedge member |62 to move therewith. The wedge I6' has an outer intermediate friction surface 2|I which is inclined downwardly and outwardly and normallyengaged by the correspondanaooo ingly inclined friction surface 23 on an associated wedge 221. Said wedge 22l is urged between the wedge |6 and the web of the guide column 5I, or awcar plate 42! secured thereto, by means of a coil spring 3M, the upper end of which surrounds a lug 39' depending from the web of the compression member Il, and the lower end of which surrounds a lug I opstanding from the top of the wedge 22', thereby acting -to snub the recoil of the bolster springs Il'.

Inasmuch as the snubbers I5*lr of the present embodiment are double-acting, I form side and outer friction surfaces 51 disposed on either side of the friction surfaces 2|s and inclined downwardly and inwardly, and normally engaged by Vcorrespondingly inclined friction surfaces 58 on bifurcated portions 59 of an associated wedge 60. The bifurcations 59 of the wedge 60 are urged, between the side portions of the wedge |68 and the friction surface on the guide column engaged by the wedge 221, by means of a coil spring 6|, the upper end of which surrounds a lug 52 depending from the wedge lll, and the lower end of which engages a supporting portion 53 of the frame 2K, which portion is desirably provided with a spring-positioning flange il. It Iwill thus be seen that in accordance with the present embodim'ent, movement of the bolster either upwardly or downwardly is eifectively snubbed by the friction mechanism described.

Referring now to the embodiment of my invention illustrated in Figures 15 and 16, there are shown portions of a railway truck |h involving a side frame 2h having a compression member 3h and a tension member 4h, spaced at intermediate portions thereof by guide columns 5h, leaving a window or bolster opening 6h therebetween.

The tension member 4h serves for thesupport of an associated spring plank 11,1, although I do not wish to be Alimited to the use of a plank. Said plank, in turn, supports a nest of bolster springs lllh, with associated upper and lower plates 8h, said plates. however, being optional. The upper plate 8h, or 'top of the nest of springs, in turn supports an associated bolster 9h;

In order to snub the action of the springs I0, and particularly the recoil thereof, I provide a snubber or cushioning unit |5h comprising a pair of wedge members I6h urged away from each other and horizontally -by a coil spring 30h, the ends of which are received in pockets 55 in said wedges |611. Each wedge I6Ik has a 'downwardly and outwardly inclined friction surface 2 |n which is normally urged into engagement with a correspondinzly inclined friction surface 23h on the web of the associated guide column 5h, or a Wear plate 42h secured thereto, kby means of the coil spring il?. The snubbing device of the present embodiment, of course, acts to increase the capacity of the nest of springs |||h as it provides some resistance to downward movement of the bolster. It will, of course, be understood, however, that the main 'snubbing' action of the device I5h is against recoil of the springs |||h or upward movement of the bolster 9h, on account of the fact that the friction surfaces on the movable friction wedges I6l1 are inclined downwardly and away from one another.

Although I have disclosedpreferred embodiments of my invention, it will be understood that modifications may be made within the spirit and scope of the appended claims, and that the terms used are those of description and not of limitation. It will also be clear that although only a portion of one side frame' has been illustrated receivingthe corresponding end of the bolster, the other end of the bolster is preferably correspondingly received in thel bolster opening of another side frame. It will also be understood that certain features of one embodiment may be interchanged with features of another and that spring planks and spring plates, for.examplemay be employed or omitted, as desired. f

1. In a railway truck, in combination, a side frame having a bolster opening, a bolster with an end received therein, resilient means supporting said bolster, `and means for snubbing the action of said resilient means comprising a wedge element connected to said frame for the transmission -of vertical forces therebetween in both directions, friction means normally engaging a portion of the bolster, and resilient means associated with said wedge element and friction means for urging the latter into engagement with the wedge I element and bolster.

2. In a railway truck, in combination, a side frame having a bolster opening, a bolster with an end received therein, resilient means supporting said bolster in said opening, said bolster having an upright aperture therethrough, means defining said aperture and providing friction surfaces, friction wedge means engaging said friction surfaces, a spreader element with its lower portion disposed in engagement with said wedge means and its upper portion connected to the frame above the bolster opening, and resilient means urging said spreader element into engagement with said friction wedge means and said friction wedge means into engagement withthe friction surfaces of the bolster.

3. A cushioning device comprising a wedge element one end of which is notched to receive and interlock with beading on an associated railway truck side frame,.friction wedges adapted to engage friction surfaces on an associated bolster and engage opposite sides of said wedge element, said wedge element having a portion extending beyond said friction wedges, and resilient means thereon adapted to urge said friction wedges into engagement with said wedge element and friction surfaces on the associated bolster.

4. In a railway truck, in combination, a side frame-having a bolster opening, a bolster with an end received therein, said bolster having an upright aperture therethrough, a bushing mounted in said aperture and lining the inner surfaces thereof, and friction cushioning means received in said bushing, frictionally movable on the inner surfaces thereof, and acting between said bolster4 and that part of the frame thereabove.

5. A cushioning device comprising a wedge element, one end of which is notched to receive and interlock lwith beading on an associated railway truck side frame, a bushing in which the other end of said wedge element is received, said bushing providing inner friction surfaces, friction wedges disposed between the friction surfaces of said bushing and said wedge element, resilient means urging said friction wedges into engagement with said wedge element and bushing, and

means for mountingsaid bushing inposition .in

an associated bolster. y f

6. In a railway truck, in combination, a side y frame having a window opening, a load-carrying member with an end received therein, a spring serving to support said load-carrying member, and means for snubbing the action of said spring comprising an outer friction element, an inner friction element telescoping therein, one of -said elements having converging friction surfaces, means for holding one of said elements for vertical movement with said frame in both directions, said other element being arranged to act on the top of said spring for opposing recoil, friction Wedges disposed between the telescoped portions of said outer and inner friction elements in engagement with sa'ld converging friction surfaces, and resilient means acting on said wedges and said inner element, longitudinally of the axis of the latter, for urging said wedges into engagement with said converging friction surfaces and the corresponding friction surfaces on the other friction element. l

7. A snubbing device comprising outer and inner friction elements normally telescoping and leaving a tapering space between friction surfaces thereof, one oi said elements being adapted to be supported by an associated side frame for verthe inner element and the blunt ends of said" wedges for urging the latter into'simultaneous engagement with the friction surfaces on both outer and inner elements.

8. In a railway truck, in combination, a side frame member having a bolster opening, a bolster member with an end received therein, resilient means supporting the bolster member from said frame, and friction means acting between portions `of said members for snubbing the recoil of said resilient means, said friction means comprising a wedge secured for movement with one of said members and another wedge urged by a spring between, and into frictional engagement with, said first-mentioned wedge and a friction member secured for vertical movement with the other of said members.

9. In a railway truck, in combination, a side frame having a bolster opening, a bolster with an end received therein, resilient means supporting said bolster from said frame, and friction cushioning means 'acting between said bolster and that part of the frame thereabove, said means compris.- ing an outer friction element secured to the frame and extending into an opening in the top of the bolster, a, centralwedge member secured to said bolster and extending into said outer friction element, and intermediate spring-actuated friction elements disposed between said outerand central friction elements.

10. In a railway truck, in combination, a side frame having a bolster opening, a bolster with an end received therein, resilient means supporting said bolster from said frame, friction cushioning means acting between each side portion of said bolster and said frame, each cushioning means comprising a wedge `member secured to said bolster, and another wedge member disposed between said bolster wedgemember and the corresponding guide column of the frame and urged downwardly by a spring acting between upper portions of said frame .and second-mentioned wedge member.

1l. In a railway truck, in combination, a side frame having abolster opening, a bolster with an end' received therein, resilient means supporting said bolster fromv said frame, and friction cushmeans in bothdirections, said cushioning means comprising a wedge' member secured t'o said bolster and provided with friction surfaces, one of which is inclined downwardly and outwardly, and another of which is inclined downwardly and inwardly, and spring actuated wedges disposed between said wedge member and the adjacent portions of the frame, one of which wedges acts downwardly on one of said friction surfaces, and the other of which acts upwardly on the other of said friction surfaces.

12. In a railway truck, in combination, a side frame member having a bolster opening, a bolster member with an end received therein, resilient means supporting said bolster from said frame, and friction cushioning means acting between said bolster and frame for snubbing the action of said resilient means in both directions, said cushioning means comprising two pairs of friction surfaces on one of said members, one pair of which is inclined downwardly and outwardly, and the other pair of which is inclined downwardly and inwardly, and springactuated wedges disposed between said inclined surfaces and the adjacent portions of the other member, one pair of which wedges acts downwardly on the downwardly and outwardly inclined pair of said surfaces, and the other pair of which acts upwardly on the other pair of said-surfaces.

13. In a railway truck, in combination, a side frame member having a bolster opening, a bolster member with an end received therein, resilient means supporting the bolster member from said frame and friction means in the vertical plane of the side frame member acting between portions of said members for snubbing the recoil of said resilient means, said friction means comprising a friction member'secured to one of said members, a wedge movable with the other of said members, a wedge interposed between said friction member and said first-named wedge, and separate resilient means for forcing one of said wedges into frictional engagement with the other of said wedges and friction member.`

14. In a railway truck, in combination, a side frame having a. bolster opening, a bolster with an end received therein, resilient means supporting said bolster from said frame and friction.

cushioning means in the vertical plane of the resilient means acting between said bolster and side frame, said friction cushioning means comprising a friction element secured to the frame and extending toward the-bolster, a'wedge element secured to the bolster and extending into overlapping relationship with said friction element, and an intermediate spring-actuated wedge interposed between the said friction element and wedge element.

' 15. In a railway truck, in combination, a side vframe having a bolster opening, a bolster with an end received therein, resilient means supporting said bolster from said side frame and separate friction cushioning means acting between said bolster and side frame for snubbing the recoil of said resilient means, said friction cushioning means comprising an outer friction element secured to the frame, a seat member secured to the bolster, a central wedge element engaging the seat member and extending within said outer friction element, and an intermediate springactuated wedge interposed between the outer and central elements. Y 1

16. In a railway truck, in combination, a side frame member having a bolster'opening, a bolster member having an end received therein, resilient means supporting said bolster member from said frame member, friction cushioning means acting between said members for snubbing the recoil of said resilient means, said friction cushioning means comprising a wedge interlocked with one of said members so as to move with said member at all times and relative to said other member, another Wedge disposed between said first-mentioned wedge and the other member, and a vertically disposed spring acting between one of the members and one of the wedges.

1'?. In a railway truck, in combination, a side frame member having a bolster opening formed between bolster guide columns, a bolster member hav-ing an end positioned within said opening and having portions overlapping said guide' columns, springs for supporting said bolster end within said opening and resilientV means for snubbng the recoil of said springs, said means comprising a wedge secured to one of said members against relative vertical movement, a wearing member secured to the other of said members, a second wedge having a wedging frictional engagement with said first-named wedge and wearing member, and spring means for urging said last-named wedge into said frictional engagement with said first-named wedge and wearing member.

18. In a railway-truck, in combination, a side frame having a bolster opening, a bolster with interposed between said housing and central wedge. A

19. In a railway truck, in combination, a side frame having a bolster opening, a bolster with an end portion received therein, resilient means supporting said bolster from said side frame, and friction means acting between said bolster and side frame for snubbing the action of said resilient means, said4 friction means comprising a housing secured to the side frame, a seat member secured to the bolster, a wedge interlocked with'said seat member and extending into said housing, and a spring-actuated wedge interposed between the mst-mentioned `wedge and housing.

20. In a railway truck, in combination, a side frame having a bolster opening, a bolster with an end portion received therein, resilient means supporting said bolster from said side frame, and

friction means acting between said bolster and side frame for snubbing the action of said resilient means, said friction means comprising 'a housing associated with said side frame and extending into an opening provided in the top of the bolster, a seat member positioned within and secured to the bolster, a wedge secured to said seat member and extending within said housing, and a spring-actuated wedge interposed between said first-mentioned wedge and housing.

21. In a railwayv truck, in combination, a side frame having a bolster opening, a bolster with an end received therein, resilient means supporting said bolster from said' frame, and friction cushioning means acting between said bolster'- and frame for snubbing the action of said resilient means in both directions, said cushioning means comprising a wedge member having anges 2, 1 1 8,006 embracing said bolster end and provided with angularly disposed friction surfaces, intermediate wedges interposed between and engaging said first-mentioned wedge and the adjacent portion of the side frame, one of the intermediate Wedges acting downwardly on one of said friction surfaces and the other of saidintermediate wedges acting upwardly on the other of said friction sur-A faces, and spring means interposed -between the side frame and each of said intermediate wedges.

22.` In a railway truck, in combination, a side frame having a bolster opening, a bolster with an end portion received therein, resilient means supporting said bolster, and means for snubbing the action of said resilient means comprising a wedge element associated with said frame and extending into an aperture in said bolster for transmission of vertical vforces therebetween in both directions, a bushing positioned in 'said bolster aperture and interlocked with said bolster, friction means interposed between said wedge element and bushing. and resilient means associated with said friction means. and wedge element for urging the former into engagement with the wedge element and bushing.

23. In a railway truck, in combination. a side frame having a bolster opening, a bolster with an end portion received therein, an aperture in said bolster end, a bushing positioned insaid bolster aperture and secured to said bolster, and

friction cushioning means received in and frietionallyengaging said bushing, said friction cushioning means acting between said bolster and side frame.

24. In a railway truck, in combination, a side frame having a bolster opening, a bolster with an end portion received therein, resilient means supporting said bolster end, and a cushioning device for snubbing the action of said resilient) means comprising a wedge element, one end of which isA notched to interlock with a portion of said side frame, a bushing positioned in an aperture in said bolster end and receiving the other,

end of said wedge element, and resiliently urged friction elements engaging said' bushing and frame and extending into said bushing, friction elements interposed betweenand in engagement lwith said bushing and wedge element, and resillent means acting between 'said wedge element and friction elements. i

. GIENN F. COUCH.

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