US242110A - garstaedt - Google Patents

Description

(N'o Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 1. H. GARSTAEDT.

WITNESSES: IRVBNTOR %M 9247 f, fwz fixz BY ATTORNEY n. mans mwm w, W nc.

(No Modl 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

H. GARSTAEDT. Centrifugal Machine.

No. 242,110. Patented May 31,1881.

WITNESSES INVENTOR ATTORNEY I N as. munm. WIIMHIDII, n.-

UNITED, STATES- PATENT OFFICE.

HUGO OARSTAEDT, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

CENTRIFUGAL MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 242,110, dated May 31, 1881.

Application filed June 3, 1880. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, HUGO CARSTAEDT, of the city, county, and State. of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Centrifugal Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention refers to improvements in continuously working centrifugal machines, which are employed for the separation of the solid parts and liquids, such as the sugar-crystals from the sirup,-&c.

The invention consists of a rotating conebasket to which the material to be separated is supplied from a reservoir by meansof an elastic diaphragm and a connecting trunk, the latter being secured to a second or spreading cone, which is concentric to the first cone, and attached thereto by stay-bolts or otherwise. Any leakage of liquid is conducted by means of discharge-channels to the inner spreadingcone and discharged through perforations at the upper part of the same. An adjustable valve or gate regulates the flow of the solid material from the perforated cone-basket, the gate extending at a slight downward inclination from the inner part of the inner spreading'cone over the outer edge of the same toward the outer cone, and is capable of vertical adjustment toward the outer cone during the rotation of the basket by a suitable lever mechanism and being-capable of adjustment during the rotation of the basket. The sirup is taken up by separate gutters of a fixed encircling casing, while the solid material passes over the edge of the basket and over a verticallyadjustable discharge-rim of the same into an exterior casing having an upper conical part,

said casing being provided with double clines and discharge-orifices.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents atop view (shown with parts broken out) of my improved centrifugal machine. Fig. 2 is a side elevation, partly in section, on line as m, Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a top view and partial horizontal section of the step-bearing and brake arrangement of the revolving shaft.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts. r

A in the drawings represents the perforated cone-basket, which is keyed by a central conically-dishing portion, a, to the upright revolving shaft B of the machine.

To the flanged lower edge of the dishing portion a. is attached an inverted perforated cone, to, which is composed of an outer heavier layer with large perforations and of a second inner lighter layer with smaller perforations, so as to be able to resist the strain exerted thereon by the centrifugal power. The perforated layer of the cone a is rigidly secured to the flange a of the inner dishing cone by rivets or otherwise, the inner layer being secured to the outer by a flanged ring, ad, which is fastened by screws to the flanged bottom of the inner cone, a.

A second cone, 0, is arranged inside of and concentric to the cone-basket A, it being also formed of an inner cone, 1), with flanged bottom, and of an outer inverted cone, 1), in analogous manner as the basket A. The inner cone, 0, is rigidly fastened to the outer cone, A, by stay-bolts and thimbles b and b The upper end of the inner cone, 0, is provided with a cylindrical trunk or mouth-piece, D, which is screwed to the upper part of cone G, and extended in .an upward direction to form connection with the supply-reservoir E.

The connection of the trunk or mouth-piece D with the flanged discharge-opening of the reservoir is made by an elastic diaphragm, cl, of leather or other material, which is connected to a ring, d, that extends around and fits tightly to,the trunk D, it being connected by a flange to the leatherdiaphragm d. This elastic connection is made for the purpose of proriding for theoscillations of the basket in rotating, especially when the same is not evenly loaded. The ring cl is supported by a coneshaped sleeve, d which receives the leakage that may take place between the conductingtrunk D and the ring d. The leakage passes down along the sleeve 6?, and thence through channels f to the inner cone, by which it is thrown off through its perforated upper part,

an inwardly-extending rim, f, preventing the leakage from passing over the edge of cone 0. It is thereby compelled to pass through the perforations in the upper part of the inner cone, and through the outer perforated basket, and the solid material deposited thereon into the gutter for the liquid. It is not necessary to use any packing between the trunk D and ring (1, which would create friction and take up power. There is also but little friction between the ring and its supporting-sleeve, as, owing to the small surface of the ring, there is only a small pressure thereon by the sirup, which pressure, however, exerts abeneticial influence, as otherwise the ring might be lifted from the sleeve d by the oscillations of the trunk D.

In order to keep the ring from wearing out by contact with the trunk and sleeve, a washer may be interposed between it and the sleeve, which, when worn out, may be easily renewed.

A gate or valve, G, extends from the inner portion of the inner cone, 0, near the outer edge of the same, at a slight downward inclination, to a point below the upper edge of the basket, the gate resting by its rounded-off outer edge upon the basket or upon the upper rim of the basket. The gate G is secured by a flange at its inner edge toa cylindrical piece, g, which is fitted over acylindrical portion, g, of the inner cone.

From the inwardly-extending flange of the cylinder extend downwardly at diametricallyopposite points two rods, 74, which pass through tubes h fixed into the inner and outer cones, and are connected at their lower ends to a flanged sleeve, 47, which is placed upon the shaft 13 and rotates with the same.

To the sleeve 2' a ring-shaped collar, 1', is loosely fitted, which does not rotate with the sleeve, but is connected by pivot-pins with a lever, i which is slotted at its fulcrum to accommodate itself to the oscillations of the shaft B.

The outer end of the lever i is connected to a loose ring, I, of a screw-wheel, l, which turns up or down 011 the threaded end of a rod, 1 pivoted at its lower end to the base of the machine, so that it swings thereon. The motion of the screw-wheel is transmitted by lever 1' sleeve i, and rods h to the gate G, raising or lowering the same, as required. As the gate Gr may be raised or lowered during the rotation of the machine, it allows the material to pass over the edge of the cone-basket when lifted away from the same, the passing quantity depending on the size of the opening and the tendency of the material to move along the cone. The opening of the gate is to be limited by the sizeof the particles of the material that have to pass out.

To the upper end of the cone-basket A is applied a cylindrical rim, a which extends vertically downward below the rim of the inner receiving easing, F, and serves to keep the liquid which passes through the holes in the upper part of the cone-basket from splashing over the top of the casing. This rim a serves also as a guide for the cylindrical portion of a shedding-ring, n, which extends from the upper part of the cone-basket over the rim of the inner easin g into the outer easin g, so as to shed the material passing over the edge of the conebasket into the outer casing, F. The ring it is guided on the cylindrical rim of the conebasket by means of inclined slots at and pins a, as shown in Fig. 2, so that, if the ring is moved horizontally round its axis, it will move up and down along the pins n This adjustment has to be made when the machine is at rest. It admits the adjustment of the ring a above the edge of the cone-basket, so that its upper edge, instead of being below or on a level with the upper edge of the cone-basket, is above the same. This compels the solid material that has passed up on the perforated cone-basket to pass up vertically before it can be shed over the ring, which it can only do when pushed up by the material on the cone, thus taking away in part the tendency of the material to move 011, and retarding thereby the sliding up and shedding of the material over the rim.

Should it be desired to produce the adjustment of the ring a during the motion of the basket, a construction similar to that used for the adjustment ofthe gate G may be employed. This is indicated within broken lines in Fig. 2, and shows a slightly-inclined disk, a, connected to ring a and to an inner cylindrical sleeve, M, which is guided on the sleeve 9 of the gate G. Along the latter it is moved up and down by means of connecting screw-rods which are connected to a sleeve on the shaft below the upper bearing of the same. This sleeve is adjusted by means of a lever and screw-wheel arrangement in the same manner as the gate G.

The inner casing, F, is arranged with a concentric partition, 0, and bottom 0 which form a separate gutter, so that the liquid passing through the upper part of the cone-basket can be separated from that passing through the lower part of the same. This is especially ICO desirable when the solid particles have to be washed with liquor before they leave the cone. The liquid is discharged from the gutter through radial channels 0 and from the lower part of the casing through openings in the bottom of the same.

The outer casing, F, has an inwardly-inclined conical guard-rin g, 1), against which the solid particles are thrown by the revolutions of the cone-basket. The particles drop from the same onto inclines q, arranged in opposite directions in the space between the inner and outer casings. For the purpose of preventing the rebounding solid particles being thrown back into the inner casing for the liquid, the ring a is extended downward below the upper edge of the inner casing. The solid particles are thereby conveyed onto the inclines of the outer casing, and pass down along the same until they are discharged through bottom holes q of the outer easing into proper receptacles below.

The shaft B of the machine revolves in two bearings, the upperone of which is supported by means of three ormore radial rods, m, which extend to the ring-shaped supporting-frame, and are cushioned by means of spiral springs interposed between the frame and screw-nuts at the ends of the rods, as shown in Fig. 1. The inner ends of the radial rods are pivoted to the upper bearingof the shaft, so as to move columns secured to the bed-plate of the machine. The frame serves also to support the casing F F. The lower part of the shaft is supported on a step-bearin g, H, which is made upon the principle of a universal joint, the inner socket, t, being hung by means of pivots t to a cylindrical sleeve, t which is again hung by two pins, t placed at right angles to the pivots of the inner socket, t, to a fixed cylindrical piece, 23 which is rigidly secured to the bed-plate of the-machine, as shown in Figs.

2 and 3. The driving-pulley u of the shaft is keyed to the same above the step-bearing, the pulley being extended down over the same, and provided at the inside with a cone-brake, M, which is fitted into the comically-tapering innersurfaceofthe driving-pulleyu. Theconebrake u is prevented fromrotating with the shaft by projections a of the fixed cylindrical piece t, which projections extend into correspondin g recessesof the cone-brake, as shown clearly in Fig. 3. Thelower part of the conebrake is provided with slotted projections, which receive the ends of a two-armed lever, V, by which the cone-brake is raised, so as to be pressed against the inside of the drivingpulley and cause a braking action upon the same. By lowering the cone-brakes the brak ing action is removed. This arrangement of the brake, in connection with the step-bearing and driving-pulley, takes up but little space, and forms a compact and reliable arrangement for this purpose.

The machine operates in the following manner: Before starting the machine the gate G is lowered so as to touch the cone-basket; then the machine is started and the material supplied to the reservoir above and conducted through the trunk to the rotating cones, and along the same to the gate. The centrifugal action separates the liquid from the solid particles below the gate, after which the latter is opened to permit the solid parts to pass out. If they have not been perfectly separated from the liquid, the gate must be kept closed to its limit, whieh is the size of the particles of the material. If the separation does not take place in a perfect manner, the adjustable dischargering a has to be raised until the material passes out slow enough to be freed entirely of any adhering sirup. The gate G may also be opened or closed interniittingly during the working of the machine, so as to retard the passage of the solid parts for separating it from the sirnp and then shed it over the rim, as required.

If it be desired to wash the material, the washing-liquor is allowed to run through a. pipe to the inside of the cylindrical ring g, from which it will pass through the holes f and be distributed by the spreading-cone, passing through the perforations at the upper part of the same and through thematerial in the upper part of the outer cone-basket. The rim f of the inner cone prevents the washing-liquor from leaving the cone during the rotation of the same.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent-- 1. In acentrifugal machine,thecombination of a cone-basket arranged to discharge at the top with an interior spreading-cone concentric to the former, substantially as described.

2. In a centrifugal machine, the combination of the outer cone-basket, having a central dishing part and a perforated inverted outer part, with an interior concentric spreading-cone, substantially as set forth.

3. In a centrifugal machine, the outer conebasket, made of an inner dishing cone, of an outer inverted cone composed of a heavier layer, with larger and an innerlighter layer with smaller perforations, and of a fasteningring, substantially asset forth.

4. In a centrifugal machine, the combination of the outer perforated cone-basket.with a concentric inner cone, connected to the former by stays, as described.

5. In acentrifu gal machine,theinuer spreading-cone, being perforated at the upper part and provided with an interior retaining-rim, as set forth.

6. In a centrifugal machine, the combination of an outer perforated cone-basket and an in- V ner spreading-cone concentric thereto, with an inner casing, having a separate gutter, and with an outer casing for the solid particles, substantially as set forth.

7. In a centrifugal machine, the combination of the outer perforated cone-basket with a valve or gate, and with mechanism, substantially as described, whereby the gate is adjusted during the rotation of the machine, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination of the perforated conebasket with a vertically-adjustable gate, that forms contact with the outer cone-basket below the top of the same, substantially as. specified.

9. In a centrifugal machine, the combination of an outer perforated cone-basket and inner spreading-cone connected thereto, the latter having a central supply tube or trunk, with a supply -reservoir and with an intermediate flexible diaphragm and ring, substantially as set forth.

10. The combination of an inner spreadingcone, having a supply tube or trunk, with a flexible diaphragm, eonnectiugring, and exterior conical sleeve, for conducting the leakage to the inner cone, as described.

ll. In a centrifugal machine, a perforated cone-basket, having a cylindrical encircling rim and a vertically-adjustable shedding-rim,

substantially as set forth.

12. In a centrifugal machine, the combination, with a gate, G, cylindrical sleeve y, connecting-rods h, sleeve 2', fulcrumed lever- 7?, screw-wheel l, and pivot-rod 1 for adjusting the gate during the motion of the basket, substantially as specified.

13. The combination of a perforated conebasket, having a cylindrical rim at its upper end and an inclined shedding-ring, with an interior easing having a separate gutter, the on lindrieal rim extending into the gutter, while the shedding-ring extends outside and below the upper edge of the inner casing, snhstmr tially as specified.

14. In a centrifugal machine, the inner casing' having a separate glitter, and radial discharge-channels for the liquor, as described.

15. In a centrifugal machine, the exterior casing having double inclines and bottom discharge-openings for the solid particles, as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention 1 have signed my name, in presence oi two witnesses, this 27th day of May, 1830.

11 UGO OARSTA EDT.

Witnesses:

PAUL GOEPEL, CARL KARI.

Images