US2415757A - Carding machine - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 1l, 1947. I p, Escl-|51., 2,415,757

CARDING MACHINE Filed ay 26, 1943 PO. El

llwffwroe, H904 PESC/V54 #Trae/ver atented Feb. il, i4?

l STAT CARDWG eine Paul Peschel, Genevad, Sweden, assigner -to Aktiebolaget Svenska Textilverken, Genevad,

Sweden Application May 26, 1943, sei-iai No. 488,550

In Sweden December 27, 1941 This invention relates to new and useful improvements in or relating to carding machines.

In spinning so-called cottonized flax, viz. ilax sub-divided into elementary fibres, one has not hitherto been able to work up flax fibres alone in a rational manner but has had to add other bres, for instance cotton, staple fibres or wool, usually in an amount of 50% of the total quantity of fibre material. Thev cause for the diiiiculties arisingin spinning cottonized flax alone is that.

the elementary bres of the flax are fsmooth and have little orno curliness and therefore in the ordinary carding machines, whether it is a question of a at card or a roller card, they can- 'not form a continuous web lwhich can be taken 2 claims. (elia-99) olf and collected into'a coherent card sliver of uniform thickness. Further, it has been found that when carding cottonized ax in the ordinary carding machines the fibres are damaged to a great extent.

One object of the invention is toprovide a carding machine by which it is possible toproduce a continuous web of undamaged elernenl tary flax bres alone which .are prepared for` instancefrom flax card waste, etc., unretted or retted libres or tows of spin flax 'or oil flax, etc.

Another object of the invention is to provide a carding machine by which it is possible to prowholly superiicially on them. For` the purpose that the fibres presented to the main cylinder 3 by the-llcker-in shallI li'e wholly s upercially on the main'cylinder covering, a lifting plate 4 isA provided which is like the make-up pieces employed in the ordinary cotton cards, but which facts in another manner as will be described in the following l duce a continuous fibre web of other cottonizedbast fibres than ax, such as hemp, jute, ramie, etc.

A further object of the'invention is toprovide a carding machine by which itis possible to treat other nbre materials than the above mentioned cottonized bast fibres, for instance cotton or staple fibres, with advantage.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a carding machine in which the card waste y embodiment of the invention diagrammatically shown in the accompanying drawing by way of example.

In the drawing the pathl of the materialk is shown by a dot and dash line and the movement` directions of the different carding means are pointed out by arrows.

In the carding machine shown in the drawing the cottonized ax is supplied in the form of a, lap roll l similarly as in the lusual cotton card. However, the material can of course be supplied also in any other form. The lap is fed in a known manner to an ordinary licker-in 2 which carries out a first loosening ofthe lap and In contradistinction to what is the case withl the makeup piece in the ordinary cotton carding machines, the lifting plate d should be adjusted so .that the space betweenthe forward edge (the edge 'adjacent the licker-in 2)` of the lifting plate and the main cylinder is smaller than the space between the back edge of the lifting plate and the main cylinder. j In other words,

the lifting plate is disposed in a rearwardly and outwardly inclined position relative to the surface of the main cylinder 3 covered thereby, the space deflnedtherebetween iiaring upwardly as shown somewhat exaggeratedly on the drawing. Owing to this rearwardly and outwardly daring position of plate d, the air following the main` cylinder at its rotation into the space between the lifting plate and the cylinder will Vexercise 'a suction effect upon the fibres transferred to Athe covering of the main cylinder by the lickerin so that the fibres will certainly stay' at or be lifted out to the surface of the main cylinder clothing.

' After having passed the lifting plate 4 the libres are carried by the cylinder 3 to one or more rollers 5 and clearersl 6 arranged in pairs and being of the same general type as is used in the ordinary roller cards. In the embodiment shown in lthe drawing three pairs of rollers and clearers are used which act in exactly the same as inthe ordinary roller cards.

After the treatment by means of the rollers 5 and clearers the libres on the main cylinder are subjected to a carding by a at carding means. This .means may preferably'consist of cardingvor flat bars connected to form an endless chain l which revolves slowly and is of the same type as is used in the ordinary cotton' carding machines although the chain should here act only over a relatively small part of the periphery of the main cylinder, yfor instance over 50.

When carded by the dat carding means the bres are pressed somewhat deeper into the covering of the main cylinder 3 and in order to be it is stored in the can I I.

able to take oil' at least the very greatest part of the fibres with certainty from the main cylinder by means. of an ordinary dolfer 8 the fibres are lifted outwardly on the covering of the main cylinder by means of a fancyroller B of known type before the arrival at the doffer. It is of great importance for obtaining the desired carding result that` substantially all the fibres on the main cylinder are removed byl thedoffer 8 so that they do not follow the main cylinder around to the licker-ln 2. Fibres vthus circulated would be pressed deeply into the clothing of the main cylinder and this must be avoided as previously mentioned.

From the doil'er 8 the fibres are taken off by means of a doffer comb I ln the shape of a continuous bre web. In the embodiment shown in the drawing the said nbre web is directly col-I lected into a card sliver which is stored in a can Il in the usual way. In carding cottonized flax the libre web taken oil from the doffer 8 has a very low strength and must be supported by a and which therefore collects the bre web into a card sliver which is pressed lbetween a pair of calender rollers I3 in the usual manner before In the carding machine according to the invention, as is also the case in the usual carding machines, it is possible to vary the quantity of waste withinv certain limits through a suitable selection of the peripheral speeds, the card clothlngs, .the relative distances between the carding means, etc., but in the carding machine according to the invention it is possible to control the waste quanttiy wholly at will by adjusting also the lifting plate in a suitable manner.` While in the ordinary carding machines the carding means are continuously filled with waste so that the weight per .unit of length of the card sliver produced is continuously altered to the detriment of the uniformity of the card sliver vnumber and consequently of the yarn, the unproductive stripping of the carding means can be reduced to a minimum through the above mentioned possibility of control in the carding machine according to the invention.

means of an'ordlnaryroller card or flat card as in the rstmentioned machine type the rollers and clearers bring the fibres together into burls or knots and in the lastmentioned machine type the clothing of the main cylinder is practically immediately lled with short bres so that the machine must be stopped and stripped. Fur- A 1. A Acardin'g machine comprising in combination, a rotary main cylinder bearing card clothing, a licker-in for delivering a lap of fibres to be carded to the card .clothing ofsaid main cylin der, means comprising a plate following on said llcker-in and covering part of the periphery of said main cylinder and flaring rearwardly and outwardly in relation thereto for sucking the libres delivered to the card clothing of said main cylinder outwardly, carding means coacting with said main cylinder and comprising a series of roller cards following'on said `plate, and flat carding means following on said series of roller cards, means following on said fiat carding means and coacting with said main cylinder for lifting the carded bres thereon outwardly, and a doffcr following lon said lifting means and coacting with said main cylinder for taking off the carded libres The reason why a continuous web of cottonized flax can be obtained by means of a carding machine constructed in accordance with the invention has not yet been wholly investigated but the combined-use of both the roller cards 5, 6 and the flat carding means 'I together with the rearwardly and outwardly flaring plate 4 has been found essential, this combination making possible such an adjustment of the carding machine that the fibres will not be pressed deep into the card clothings but will be supercially on them. The fancy 9 is also of great importance for ensuring a superficial disposition of the fibres on the clothing of the main cylinder 3 at the time of removal therefrom by the doffer 8, as otherwise the bres would not be taken olf completely from the main lcylinder but would accumulate thereon and clog the clothing thereof.' Instead of the obtain a. continuous web of cottonized ax by therefrom.

2. A carding machine comprising in combination, a rotary main cylinder bearing card clothing, licker-in means for delivering a lap of fibres to be carded to the card clothing of said main cylinder, means comprising a -plate following on said licker-in means and covering part of the periphery of said main cylinder and flaring rear wardly and outwardly in relation thereto for sucking the fibres delivered to the card clothing of said main cylinder outwardly, card means co. acting with said main cylinder and comprisingv a series of roller cards following on said plate and each comprising avcarding roller and a clearer in front thereof, and flat carding means following on said series of roller cards, a. fancy roller following on said ilat card means rand coasting with said main cylinder for lifting the carded fibres thereon outwardly, and a doifer following on said fancy roller and coacting with said main cylinder for taking oif the carded fibres therefrom.

PAUL PESCHEL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the ille of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name K Date 466,846 Dobson et al Jan. l2, 1892 539,691 Lebe et al May 21,1895 623,094 Mills et al Apr. 11, 1899 2,181,535 Schlipp et al Nov. 28, 1939 FOREIGN PATENTS Number v Country Date 5,232 British I of 1902

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