US2414011A - Reinforced concrete body - Google Patents

Reinforced concrete body Download PDF

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Publication number
US2414011A
US2414011A US479381A US47938143A US2414011A US 2414011 A US2414011 A US 2414011A US 479381 A US479381 A US 479381A US 47938143 A US47938143 A US 47938143A US 2414011 A US2414011 A US 2414011A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
concrete
reinforcing
hardened
reinforced
reinforced concrete
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US479381A
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English (en)
Inventor
Karl P Billner
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Priority claimed from US447047A external-priority patent/US2412915A/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
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Publication of US2414011A publication Critical patent/US2414011A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B21/00—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles
    • B28B21/56—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles incorporating reinforcements or inserts
    • B28B21/60—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles incorporating reinforcements or inserts prestressed reinforcements
    • B28B21/62—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles incorporating reinforcements or inserts prestressed reinforcements circumferential laterally tensioned
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B21/00—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles
    • B28B21/56—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles incorporating reinforcements or inserts
    • B28B21/60—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles incorporating reinforcements or inserts prestressed reinforcements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/02—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members
    • B28B23/04—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members the elements being stressed
    • B28B23/12—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members the elements being stressed to form prestressed circumferential reinforcements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/12—Mounting of reinforcing inserts; Prestressing
    • E04G2021/127—Circular prestressing of, e.g. columns, tanks, domes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S52/00—Static structures, e.g. buildings
    • Y10S52/07—Synthetic building materials, reinforcements and equivalents

Definitions

  • This invention relates to reinforced plastic bodies.
  • the eilects of prestressing are obtained by thermally expanding the reinforcing elements after the plastic body has hardened. This is accomplished by forming the plastic body about the reinforcing element and releasing the bond between the body and the element so that the element may be expanded with respect to the body, whereupon. the element is permitted to partially contract so as to bear upon the body and produce compressive stresses therein.
  • the reinforcing element is expanded prefer-" Y material is utilized so the heating effect will soften it to permit the reinforcing element to expand.
  • thermosetting materials will be used.
  • the cover-- ing material may be electrically insulating, but in other cases, low melting metals or alloys may serve satisfactorily.
  • the covering or coating materials should have melting or at least softening points which are sufliciently low as to permit the desired results without requiring the temperature of the reinforcing elements to be raised to a degree that would adversely affect their reinforcing characteristics. And the melting or softening point is also preferably above atmospheric temperatures to which the structure will ordinarily be exposed.
  • the reinforcing element When the reinforcing element has expanded an amount sufiicient to impose the desired stresses upon subsequent contraction, it is suitably secured against excessive contraction so that the desired amount of its contracting force will be applied to produce compressive stresses within the body.
  • the mode of securing the element may vary according to the type of structure involved, but such expedients as welding, clamping, threading and pinning suggest themselves. Where the securing arrangement employed requires a recess in the concrete body, for ex:
  • a dry packed concrete filling may be used to protect the Joint and to impart to the structure a finished appearance.
  • thermoplastic material such as sulfur, melting at approximately 120 C. is a good electrical insulator and at the same time furnishes a reasonably good bond between steel and concrete.
  • thermoplastic or thermosettlng covering or sheathing material may assume a preformed tubular shape.
  • Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of a reinforced member embodying the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of an arcuate member
  • Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation of a helically reinforced cylindrical body
  • Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation of a cylindrical body containing an annular reinforcing element
  • Fig. 5 is a perspective of a clip for securing the ends of the reinforcing elements of Figs. 3 and 4.
  • the plastic body In, depicted as concrete in the drawing, is provided with one or more reinforcing elements I2, and each element is covered by a material H which prevents a direct bond between the plastic body and its reinforcement.
  • the interposed material Il may be omitted. But since concrete and steel have been indicated in the various figures of the drawing, the interposed material also has been indicated.
  • the materials considered to be suited for interposition between the body and its reinforcement under proper conditions are sulfur. low melting resins, low melting alloys, various other thermoplastic and thermosetting substances, or other suitable materials which may be wrapped, coated, molded or otherwise formed about the reinforcing elements.
  • the body may represent a slab, beam, floor, deck, road, wall, or other member in which the effect of prestressing is desired.
  • heat is applied to the renforcing element I! as by attaching electrical conductors to its ends and allowing a predetermined type and amount of current to flow so as to melt or soften the interposed material I and to elongate or axially expand the element [2 a desired amount.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates the invention as applied to an arcuate or curved member which may be an arch, floor, roof, wall, hull, or any reinforced body to which such a shape adapts itself.
  • an arcuate or curved member which may be an arch, floor, roof, wall, hull, or any reinforced body to which such a shape adapts itself.
  • two reinforcing elements having threaded ends l8 and covered with sheathing material ll have been shown, provided with nuts I6 and bearin plates or washers 22.
  • the reinforcing elements may be heated and clamped sequentially or simultaneously, the mode of operation being substantially the same as that described with reference to Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a cylindrical concrete body reinforced with oppositely directed helices 24, the opposed upper ends of which are joined by welds 26 or other suitable means.
  • the helices are preferably heated simultaneously so that they will both attain their desired degree of expansion at the same time, whereupon their free ends provided with enlarged heads 28 are engaged by the bifurcated ends of a clip 32 of predetermined length or otherwise suitably connected to restrict contraction.
  • tendency of the helices to contract will cause the convolutions to embrace the adjacent concrete surfaces whereby the concrete body as a whole will be subjected to compressive stresses.
  • the joint at the lower ends of the helices may be formed within a. recess provided in the concrete body. Examples of structures to which this form of the invention may be applied include tanks, silos. linings, pipes, rings and other bodies.
  • Fig. 4 is directed to a cylindrical body of reinforced concrete wherein the enlarged ends 28 of the reinforcing element l2 are received in a recess 30 which is formed to permit the joint to be made internally of the structure.
  • the thermoplastic or other suitable material l4 will soften and the discontinuous annulus or hoop will expand axially. After expansion has progressed suflicienily, the current is discontinued and a clip 32 having bifurcated ends 34 is slipped over the enlarged heads 28. Then the element l2 will partially contract and impose the desired compressive stresses upon the body of the plastic structure l2.
  • the recess 30 may be filled with dry packed concrete 33 or the like to provide the body with an unbroken periphery and also protect the joint against the elements.
  • thermoplastic or thermosetting covering materials When thermoplastic or thermosetting covering materials are used, upon reduction of the thermal effects below their melting or softening points, they will harden and effect a bond between the plastic body and its reinforcement.
  • a protective sheath such as mesh or other suitable fabric may be employed, or a suitable substance such as asbestos fibers may be incorporated in the covering material itself.
  • the heating current may be D. C. or A. C. of
  • desired frequency and of various voltages as will be determined by the resistance of the reinforcing elements, desired degree of expansion and the temperature limit to be observed to avoid injury to the properties of the steel or other materials.
  • tanks, silos, tunnel linings, dome foundation rings, columns, beams and slabs are tanks, silos, tunnel linings, dome foundation rings, columns, beams and slabs.
  • a reinforced structure comprising a hardened plastic body having a stressed reinforcing element therein normally subjecting said body to compressive stresses, and a solidifying thermoplastic material interposed and effecting a rigid bond between said element and said body.
  • a reinforced concrete structure comprising a hardened concrete body having a stressed reinforcing element therein-normally imposing compressive stresses upon the concrete, and an electrical insulating thermoplastic material effecting I a rigid bond between said element and said body.
  • a reinforced concrete structure comprising a hardened concrete body, a pretensioned reinforcing element having a bearing upon said body to maintain a substantial portion thereof in compression, and a hardened thermoplastic material rigidly bonding said element to said body.
  • a reinforced concrete structure comprising a hardened concrete body, a pretensioned reinforcing element having a bearing upon said body to maintain a substantial portion thereof in compression, and a, hardened thermosetting material rigidly bonding said element to said body.
  • a reinforced concrete structure comprising a hardened concrete body, a'pretensioned reinforcing element having a bearing upon said body to maintain a substantial portion thereof in compression,'and a body of hardened sulfur bonding said element to said concrete body.
  • a reinforced concrete structure comprising a hardened concrete body, a pretensioned reinforcing element having a bearing upon said body to maintain a substantial portion thereof in compression, and a hardenedthermopla-stic material rigidly bonding said element to said body, said thermoplastic material having a melting point in excess of atmospheric temperatures to which said structure is ordinarily exposed.
  • a reinforced concrete structure comprising a hardened concrete body, a pretensioned reinforcing element having a bearing upon said body to maintain a, substantial portion thereof in compression, and a hardened thermoplastic material rigidly bonding said element to said body, said thermoplastic material having a melting point in excess of atmospheric temperatures to which said structure is ordinarily exposed and below" that which would adversely affect the properties of the reinforcing element.
  • a reinforced concrete structure comprising a hardened concrete body, a pretensioned reinforcing element embedded within and having a bearing upon said body to maintain a substantial portion thereof in compression, and a hardened thermoplastic material surrounding said element and rigidly bonding it to said body.
  • a reinforced concrete structure comprising va hardened concrete body, a pretensioned reinforcing element having a bearing upon said body to maintain a substantial portion thereof in compression, and a hardened thermoplastic material interposed between said element and said body and serving as a rigid bond between them.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
US479381A 1942-06-07 1943-03-16 Reinforced concrete body Expired - Lifetime US2414011A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US447047A US2412915A (en) 1942-06-07 Pressure core barrel

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2414011A true US2414011A (en) 1947-01-07

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ID=34748713

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US479381A Expired - Lifetime US2414011A (en) 1942-06-07 1943-03-16 Reinforced concrete body

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US2414011A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE468851A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR940646A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2458152A (en) * 1945-04-03 1949-01-04 Us Rubber Co Plastic rivet and method of making same
US2483175A (en) * 1947-10-10 1949-09-27 Vacuum Concrete Inc Method of molding prestressed structures
US2561581A (en) * 1946-08-12 1951-07-24 Macerata Stelio Manufacture of reinforced hollow structures
US2696040A (en) * 1950-09-15 1954-12-07 Preload Co Inc Method and apparatus for prestressing
US2850890A (en) * 1951-06-04 1958-09-09 Rubenstein David Precast element and reinforced facing layer bonded thereto
US2898757A (en) * 1949-04-11 1959-08-11 Finsterwalder Ulrich Method of constructing reinforced concrete bridge
US2921463A (en) * 1952-08-20 1960-01-19 Goldfein Solomon Concrete structural element reinforced with glass fibers
US2942321A (en) * 1956-08-23 1960-06-28 George S Pinter Means for making and heat curing concrete structures
US3029490A (en) * 1954-11-15 1962-04-17 Prescon Corp Post-tensioning method for prestressing members
US3084481A (en) * 1958-12-19 1963-04-09 Silberkuhl Wilhelm Johannes Prestressed concrete bodies
US3111569A (en) * 1958-06-20 1963-11-19 Rubenstein David Packaged laminated constructions
US3149383A (en) * 1960-02-26 1964-09-22 Rockwell Gmbh Method of protecting cylinder liner transfer openings from casting material during injection die-casting of cylinders
US3167882A (en) * 1960-12-14 1965-02-02 Fmc Corp Means for and method of prestressing concrete
US3343808A (en) * 1963-08-16 1967-09-26 Howlett Machine Works Concrete prestressing apparatus
US4234270A (en) * 1979-01-02 1980-11-18 A/S Hoyer-Ellefsen Marine structure
US4450662A (en) * 1982-06-01 1984-05-29 Melchiori Jr Remo Tensioned structure with adjustably movable columns and beams
US4463872A (en) * 1981-02-13 1984-08-07 National Nuclear Corporation Limited Pressure vessels
US4700518A (en) * 1982-09-03 1987-10-20 Kajima Kensetsu Kabushiki Kaisha Concrete panel having tile driven
US4726163A (en) * 1985-06-10 1988-02-23 Jacobs William A Prestressed plastic bodies and method of making same
US4910076A (en) * 1986-03-11 1990-03-20 Mitsubishi Kasei Corporation Fiber reinforced cement mortar product
US5093065A (en) * 1987-06-02 1992-03-03 General Atomics Prestressing techniques and arrangements
US5113630A (en) * 1990-09-05 1992-05-19 Rock Of Ages Corporation Adjustable stone formed work support and method of providing same
US20110283638A1 (en) * 2008-12-23 2011-11-24 Shockley Lestle R Ring Beam and Method for Constructing the Same
EP2623683A1 (de) * 2012-02-03 2013-08-07 Anton-Peter Betschart Zug-/Druckstab-Einheit für die Bautechnik
WO2015136194A1 (fr) * 2014-03-10 2015-09-17 Sabbah Alain Barrette de renfort pour element de structure

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE872844C (de) * 1949-09-24 1953-04-09 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag Spannkopf fuer stabfoermige Vorspannglieder von Spannbetonbauteilen

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2458152A (en) * 1945-04-03 1949-01-04 Us Rubber Co Plastic rivet and method of making same
US2561581A (en) * 1946-08-12 1951-07-24 Macerata Stelio Manufacture of reinforced hollow structures
US2483175A (en) * 1947-10-10 1949-09-27 Vacuum Concrete Inc Method of molding prestressed structures
US2898757A (en) * 1949-04-11 1959-08-11 Finsterwalder Ulrich Method of constructing reinforced concrete bridge
US2696040A (en) * 1950-09-15 1954-12-07 Preload Co Inc Method and apparatus for prestressing
US2850890A (en) * 1951-06-04 1958-09-09 Rubenstein David Precast element and reinforced facing layer bonded thereto
US2921463A (en) * 1952-08-20 1960-01-19 Goldfein Solomon Concrete structural element reinforced with glass fibers
US3029490A (en) * 1954-11-15 1962-04-17 Prescon Corp Post-tensioning method for prestressing members
US2942321A (en) * 1956-08-23 1960-06-28 George S Pinter Means for making and heat curing concrete structures
US3111569A (en) * 1958-06-20 1963-11-19 Rubenstein David Packaged laminated constructions
US3084481A (en) * 1958-12-19 1963-04-09 Silberkuhl Wilhelm Johannes Prestressed concrete bodies
US3149383A (en) * 1960-02-26 1964-09-22 Rockwell Gmbh Method of protecting cylinder liner transfer openings from casting material during injection die-casting of cylinders
US3167882A (en) * 1960-12-14 1965-02-02 Fmc Corp Means for and method of prestressing concrete
US3343808A (en) * 1963-08-16 1967-09-26 Howlett Machine Works Concrete prestressing apparatus
US4234270A (en) * 1979-01-02 1980-11-18 A/S Hoyer-Ellefsen Marine structure
US4463872A (en) * 1981-02-13 1984-08-07 National Nuclear Corporation Limited Pressure vessels
US4450662A (en) * 1982-06-01 1984-05-29 Melchiori Jr Remo Tensioned structure with adjustably movable columns and beams
US4700518A (en) * 1982-09-03 1987-10-20 Kajima Kensetsu Kabushiki Kaisha Concrete panel having tile driven
US4726163A (en) * 1985-06-10 1988-02-23 Jacobs William A Prestressed plastic bodies and method of making same
US4910076A (en) * 1986-03-11 1990-03-20 Mitsubishi Kasei Corporation Fiber reinforced cement mortar product
US5093065A (en) * 1987-06-02 1992-03-03 General Atomics Prestressing techniques and arrangements
US5113630A (en) * 1990-09-05 1992-05-19 Rock Of Ages Corporation Adjustable stone formed work support and method of providing same
US20110283638A1 (en) * 2008-12-23 2011-11-24 Shockley Lestle R Ring Beam and Method for Constructing the Same
EP2623683A1 (de) * 2012-02-03 2013-08-07 Anton-Peter Betschart Zug-/Druckstab-Einheit für die Bautechnik
WO2015136194A1 (fr) * 2014-03-10 2015-09-17 Sabbah Alain Barrette de renfort pour element de structure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE468851A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1942-11-30
FR940646A (fr) 1948-12-17

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