US2413188A - Lubricants - Google Patents
Lubricants Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2413188A US2413188A US2413188DA US2413188A US 2413188 A US2413188 A US 2413188A US 2413188D A US2413188D A US 2413188DA US 2413188 A US2413188 A US 2413188A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- sulphate
- drastic
- metal surfaces
- lubricating oil
- lauryl sulphate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- -1 alkyl sulphuric acid Chemical compound 0.000 description 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000010688 mineral lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000004141 Sodium laurylsulphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 2
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-O Methylammonium ion Chemical compound [NH3+]C BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GDWRXJCWAANTID-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanium;hexyl sulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].CCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O GDWRXJCWAANTID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTPSOVJLZXSTEB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;dodecyl sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O QTPSOVJLZXSTEB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- HBNDBUATLJAUQM-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;dodecyl sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O HBNDBUATLJAUQM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/02—Sulfurised compounds
- C10M135/06—Esters, e.g. fats
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
Definitions
- the invention comprises the features hereinafter fully described, and. particularly pointed out in the claims, the following description setting forth in detail certain illustrative embodiments of the invention, these being indicative however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principle of the invention may be employed.
- the oil may be of varying character and source. depending upon the particular duty in view, and, for instance, may be a lubricating stock of Mid- Continent or other petroleum source and of viscosity 45 to 200 sec. Saybolt Universal 'at 210 F. ,The. oil is modified by incorporation of a salt of an alkyl sulphuric acid of the type R.SO4.R'. where R is an alkyl or halogen-substituted alkyl radical, and R is a base (e. g., lead. aluminum, tin, magnesium, alkaline earth metal, sodium or alkali metal, ammonia or an am ne).
- R is an alkyl or halogen-substituted alkyl radical
- R is a base (e. g., lead. aluminum, tin, magnesium, alkaline earth metal, sodium or alkali metal, ammonia or an am ne).
- the alkyl sulphuric acid salts are particularly desirable
- alkyl sulphates and sulphonates may be applied, and in fact sulphates containing sulphonates are particularly easily had-.in practice. It is to be noted that not all compounds are equivalent in all respects: and especially advantageous are the compounds derivable from cocoanut oil fatty acids by separation and reduction and sulphation. Of these the lauryl compounds are outstanding.
- the amount of the salt incorporated may be 0.1 to 10.0%, depending upon the stock and the duty in view. The salt dissolves and disseminates readily in the oil.
- Illustrative of such compounds are lead lauryl sulphate, aluminum octyl sulphate, sodium lauryl sulphate, ammonium hexyl sulphate, magnesium lauryl sulphate, amyl ammonium cetyl sulphate, methyl ammonium ricinoleo sulphate, calcium lauryl sulphate, etc.
- a lubricant capable of maintaining desirable body and clean metal surfaces under-heat and drastic usage consisting of a mineral lubricating oil containing about 0.1-10 per cent of aluminum octyl sulphate.
- a lubricant capable of maintaining desirable body and clean metal surfaces under heat and drastic usage consisting of a mineral lubricating oil containing about 0.1 10 per cent of ammoniumhexyl sulphate.
- a lubricant capable of .maintaining desirable body and clean metal surfaces under heat and drastic usage consisting of a mineral lubricating oil containing about 01-10 per cent of sodium lauryl sulphate.
- a lubricant capable of maintaining desirable body and clean metal surfaces under heat and drastic usage consisting of a mir. ral lubricating oil containing about 01-10 per cent of a lauryl sulphate salt.
- a lubricant capable of maintaining desirable body and clean metal surfaces under heat and drastic usage consisting of a mineral lubricating oil containing about 01-10 per cent of a salt of an alkyl sulphuric acid containing at least six carbon atoms.
- a lubricant capable of maintaining desirable body and clean metal surfaces under heat .and drastic usage consisting of a mineral lubricating oil containing about 01-10 per cent of a salt of an oxy-sulphur acid, of the formula R.SO4.R.', wherein R is an alkyl or halogen-substituted alkyl radical, and R is a base.
Description
Patented Dec. 24, 1946 LUBRICANTS, ETC.
John M. Musselman, South Euclid, and Herman P. Lankelma, Shaker Heights, Ohio, assignors to The Standard Oil Company, Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio No Drawing. Application September 13, 1940,
" Serial No. 356,692
6- Claims. 1
In the operation of lubricants and oils where heat isencountered it is of primary importance that they be capable of maintaining their body without material changes in spite of the catalyzing effects of metal surfaces. With the particularly heavy loads and increasing complexity of surfaces to be lubricated, as now prevalent, it has been increasingly dimcult to assure a desirable stand-up of a lubricant. Various compounding agents have been employed in conjunction with mineral oils, but with many of these there are side eifects, such as proneness to react on certain metals, etc, rendering them undesirable for many uses. In accordance with the present invention, however, mineral oils may be had which are capable of maintaining desirable body and clean surfaces under heat and drastic usages, and which are also without attack on metal surfaces.
To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the invention, then, comprises the features hereinafter fully described, and. particularly pointed out in the claims, the following description setting forth in detail certain illustrative embodiments of the invention, these being indicative however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principle of the invention may be employed.
The oil may be of varying character and source. depending upon the particular duty in view, and, for instance, may be a lubricating stock of Mid- Continent or other petroleum source and of viscosity 45 to 200 sec. Saybolt Universal 'at 210 F. ,The. oil is modified by incorporation of a salt of an alkyl sulphuric acid of the type R.SO4.R'. where R is an alkyl or halogen-substituted alkyl radical, and R is a base (e. g., lead. aluminum, tin, magnesium, alkaline earth metal, sodium or alkali metal, ammonia or an am ne). The alkyl sulphuric acid salts are particularly desirable. Mixtures of alkyl sulphates and sulphonates may be applied, and in fact sulphates containing sulphonates are particularly easily had-.in practice. It is to be noted that not all compounds are equivalent in all respects: and especially advantageous are the compounds derivable from cocoanut oil fatty acids by separation and reduction and sulphation. Of these the lauryl compounds are outstanding. The amount of the salt incorporated may be 0.1 to 10.0%, depending upon the stock and the duty in view. The salt dissolves and disseminates readily in the oil.
Illustrative of such compounds are lead lauryl sulphate, aluminum octyl sulphate, sodium lauryl sulphate, ammonium hexyl sulphate, magnesium lauryl sulphate, amyl ammonium cetyl sulphate, methyl ammonium ricinoleo sulphate, calcium lauryl sulphate, etc.
As an example:
porated 0.5% of lead lauryl sulphate.
As another example: With a similar oil there 7 is incorporated 0.5% of sodium lauryl sulphate.
As another example: With -a similar oil there is incorporated 0.5% of aluminum octyl sulphate.
Other modes of applying the principle of the invention may be employed, change being made as regards the details described, provided the features stated in any of the following claims, or the equivalent of such, be employed.
We therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as our invention:
1. A lubricant capable of maintaining desirable body and clean metal surfaces under-heat and drastic usage, consisting of a mineral lubricating oil containing about 0.1-10 per cent of aluminum octyl sulphate.
2. A lubricant capable of maintaining desirable body and clean metal surfaces under heat and drastic usage, consisting of a mineral lubricating oil containing about 0.1 10 per cent of ammoniumhexyl sulphate.
3. A lubricant capable of .maintaining desirable body and clean metal surfaces under heat and drastic usage, consisting of a mineral lubricating oil containing about 01-10 per cent of sodium lauryl sulphate.
4. A lubricant capable of maintaining desirable body and clean metal surfaces under heat and drastic usage, consisting of a mir. ral lubricating oil containing about 01-10 per cent of a lauryl sulphate salt. I
5. A lubricant capable of maintaining desirable body and clean metal surfaces under heat and drastic usage, consisting of a mineral lubricating oil containing about 01-10 per cent of a salt of an alkyl sulphuric acid containing at least six carbon atoms.
6. A lubricant capable of maintaining desirable body and clean metal surfaces under heat .and drastic usage, consisting of a mineral lubricating oil containing about 01-10 per cent of a salt of an oxy-sulphur acid, of the formula R.SO4.R.', wherein R is an alkyl or halogen-substituted alkyl radical, and R is a base.
JOHN M. MUSSELMAN. HERMAN P. LANKELMA.
With a lubricating oil of I S. A. E. 20 Mid-Continent stock, there is moor-
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2413188A true US2413188A (en) | 1946-12-24 |
Family
ID=3435329
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US2413188D Expired - Lifetime US2413188A (en) | Lubricants |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2413188A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2586191A (en) * | 1948-08-21 | 1952-02-19 | Harvel Corp | Salts of sulfonated ethers of hydrogenated cardanol as inhibitors for mineral hydrocarbon oils |
-
0
- US US2413188D patent/US2413188A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2586191A (en) * | 1948-08-21 | 1952-02-19 | Harvel Corp | Salts of sulfonated ethers of hydrogenated cardanol as inhibitors for mineral hydrocarbon oils |
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