Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
  • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
  • G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
  • G03C1/06—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with non-macromolecular additives
  • G03C1/42—Developers or their precursors
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
  • G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
  • G03C5/26—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor
  • G03C5/262—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor using materials covered by groups G03C1/42 and G03C1/43
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S430/00—Radiation imagery chemistry: process, composition, or product thereof
  • Y10S430/156—Precursor compound

Definitions

• This invention relates'to photography and particularly to a method for the dry processing of photographic emulsions.
• Yackel, Leermakers and Stand U. S. ap plication Serial No. 500,924 filed concurrently herewith, a process isdescribed of developing photographic emulsions containing developing agents, by the application of vapors of ammonia graphic emulsions containing developing agents without the use of special apparatus.
• a further object is to provide a method for developing exposed photographic emulsions without the appli-: cation of alkaline vapors.
• a still further object is to provide a novel photographic material which may be processed conveniently by diy develop- Application September 2, 1943, Serial No. 500,923
• the water-solvent- such as butyl phthalate, ethyl sebacate, tri- 2 x 7 reaction with other compounds.
• the amines or ammonia do not cause development of the emulsion in the dry state but, in the presence of water, development of theexposed emulsion is brought about. In-the case of ammonia there is sometimes sufficient water in the coated emulsion to effect development but generally with the amines which are not decomposed to form ammonia, water must-beadded to effect development. Development can, therefore, be accomplished by the application to the exposed material of steam or water vapor.
• the amines incorporated in the emulsion may uble amines may be added directly to the emulsion but the water-insoluble compounds are preferabiy dissolved in a water-insoluble, water-permeable solvent which is then dispersed in the emulsion.
• the water-insoluble amines do not react on the silver halide until they are released by the action of the steam andthe emulsion "may, therefore, have a greater speed than when the water-soluble amines are incorporated directly in the emulsion.
• the amine is released from the solvent by what amounts to steam distillation, and thereby increases thealkalinity of the emulsion to the point where development of the layer is produced.
• Water-insoluble amines which may be employed according toiour invention, include diisoamylamine, n-heptylamine, benzylamine and solved in a water-insoluble, water-permeable solo-cresyl phosphate, n-amylsuccinate, butyl benzoate or isoamylsulfone.
• Other water-insoluble, water-permeable materials such as those referred to on pages 2 and 3 of Jelleyand' Vittum U. S.
• Patent 2,322,027 grant-ed June 15, 1943, may be Guanidine hydrochloride Guanidine laurate Guanine hydrochloride v 2-amino-2-ethyl-propanediol For-mamide Adenine sulfate Hexamethylenetetramine Urea
• the following examples illustrate methods of preparing emulsions according to our invention:
• Example 1 T0 200 cc. ofv a gelatino-silver bromoiodide emulsion there are added the following ingredients:
• Example 2 An emulsion was prepared in the same manner as described in Example 1, using a dispersion of n-heptylamine instead of a dispersion of fi-aminon-octane, the n-heptylamine being incorporated in the dispersion in an amount of 5 cc. and 10 ccof the dispersion emulsion.
• Example 3 An emulsion containing a water-soluble amine was prepared as follows:
• Development proceeds slowly upon exposure of the steam developed image to artificial light and more rapidly upon exposure to sunlight. This is caused by gradual development of the residual silver halide by the developing agent remaining in the emulsion and maybe overcome by treatment of the steam developed material with acid vapors or with an iodizing material. The following procedures are available.
• the residual silver halide may be iodized by bathing the developed material for one to two minutes in a 10% solution of potassium iodide or in a. 10% potassium iodide. solution containing 3% of sodium bisulflte. This prevents further development even in direct sunlight by converting the silver halide to silver iodide.
• the silver halide may be iodized by incorporating in the dispersion of the amine or in the emulsion a dispersion of an alhl or cry] iodide.
• n-Butyl, ethyl, secondary butyl, tertiary butyl or other alkyl iodide may be used to iodize the residual silver halide.
• the iodides vary in their reactivity and a wide choice is available. , The
• dispersion of iodide need not be incorporated directly in the emulsion but may be coated over or under the emulsion layer. Upon heating with steam, the iodide is driven out of the dispersed particles and reacts with the silver halide.
• dispersion of the iodide may be made as follows:
• n-Butyl iodide ams 10- Butyl phthalate (In 20 Gelatin (10% solution) cubic centimeters- 40 Water do 30 Alkanol B ams-.. 0.3
• This mixture is passed three times through a colloid mill in order to efiect a dispersion of the 7 iodide and butyl phthalate in the gelatin. 7
• the developed material may be treated with V sequent reaction with silver halide is thus delayed until after the development has been completed.
• the iodide may be introduced in the steam after development. For example, after exposure and developmentby steam as described above, an alcoholic solution of iodide is introduced in the steam to eifect a conversion of the silver halide to silver iodide.
• a fairly active organic iodide such as tertiary butyl iodide or allyl iodide may beused for this purpose. However, since these compounds are quite unstable, a more convenient compoun is hexamethylenetetramine allyl iodide or other quaternary ammohium salt of such active iodide.
• the print is dried quickly, for example, on a hot plate as described above.
• a silver halide developing agent and an excess of an ammonia-generating organic compound which comprises subjecting said exposed layer to the action of steam for a sumcient length of time to generate ammonia from said organic compound and to produce a visible image in said I layer and then treating the layer with acid vapors for a, short period of time.
• a photographic emulsion capable of being developed by the application of steam only comprising a gelatino-silver halide emulsion containing a photographic developing agent and having dispersed therein particles of a water-insoluble, water-permeable liquid containing a water-insoluble amine capable of generating a volatile amine an thereby increasing the alkalinity of the emulsion upon application of steam to the emulsion.
• the method of forming a silver image in a silver halide emulsion layer without immersing said layer in a liquid which comprises incorporating in a slow silver halide emulsion a silver halide developing agent, and an organic nitrogen com-' pound capable of generating a volatile amine upon application of steam, coating said emulsion on a support, exposin said emulsion to light. and subjecting said exposed emulsion to the action of steam to produce a silver image therein.
• the method of forming a silver image in a silver halide emulsion layer without immersing said layer in a liquid which comprises incorporating in a silver halide emulsion a silver halide developing agent, a desensitizer, and an organic nitrogen compound capable of generating a sion to the action of steam to produce a silver gelatino-silver halide emulsionlayer containing image therein.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Non-Silver Salt Photosensitive Materials And Non-Silver Salt Photography (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
• Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=23991472

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Cited By (16)

• 1943
  • 1943-09-02 US US500923A patent/US2410644A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1944
  • 1944-03-16 GB GB4955/44A patent/GB580565A/en not_active Expired
• 1947
  • 1947-04-14 FR FR951552D patent/FR951552A/fr not_active Expired

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