US2407356A - Regenerative coke oven battery - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 10, 1946. F. WETHLY 2,407,356 7 REGENERATIVE COKE OVEN BATTERY Fild March 3, 1945 3 Sheets-Sheet :a

Arrafizvag Sept. 10, 1946. F. W E' I'HLY REGENERATIVE COKE OVEN BATTERY 1 Filed March :5, 1945 s Sheets- Sheet 3 inan x51 Patented Sept. 10, 1946 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE REGENERATIVE COKE OVEN BATTERY Frans Wethly, Manhasset, N. Y., assignor to Wilputte Coke Oven Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Maine Application March 3, 1945, Serial No. 580,858

Claims. 1

This invention relates to lay-product regenerative cok oven batteries, and more particularly to the design and construction of the regenerators of coke oven batteries.

Much thought and effort has been given to obtaining uniform coking of the coal charge with-' in each coking chamber of a by-product coke oven battery. In order to obtain this desired objective it is necessary to take into account the various factors which affect the amount of heat to be supplied by the individual flues to the coal charge. Among the more important of these factor are: (1) greater heat radiation losses take place at the sides of the battery (the ends of the coal charge in each coking chamber) than at the remaining portions of the heating walls flanking the coking chambers, and (2) the amount of coal in each unit of length of a coking chamber progressively increases from the narrower pusher end of the battery to the wider coke end thereof due to the conventional practice of making the coking chambers so that they taper in horizontal cross-section.

United States Patent 2,194,404 of March 19, 1940, discloses a coke oven battery in which the end heating flues of each heating wall are of smaller cross-sectional area than the remaining flues, the regenerators being all of the same volumetric capacity so that more heat is generated in the end flues to compensate for radiation losses at the sides of the battery. In another modification disclosed in this patent, the flues in each heating wall are uniform in size but the end regenerators crosswis of the battery are of larger volumetric capacity than the remaining intermediate regenerators, thereby supplying a greater volume of air to support combustion of the greater volume of gas supplied to the end heating flues to accomplish the same result as in the first-mentioned modification. Whil the constructions of thi patent compensate for heat radiation losses at'the sides of the battery, they do not provide for uniform coking of the coal charge since no provision is made for supplying the different amounts of heat required by the varying amounts of coal in each unit of length of the oven chamber due to the tapering of the chamber.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a by-product coke oven battery, the regenerators of which are constructed and. designed to supply diiferent amounts of air, or air and combustible gas in those cases in which lean gas is preheated by passage through the regenerators,

the amount of air or air and lean gas thus supplied to the flues by the regenerators being proportioned to compensate for the moreimportant factors afiecting the amount of heat to be supplied by the individual flues to a charge of coal in a coking chamber fiankedthereby in order to obtain uniform coking of the coal within the same coking period. Other objects and advantages of thi invention will be apparent from the following detailed description thereof.

In accordance with my invention, regenerators of different volumetric capacities communicate with the flues of a heating wall, the regenerators being proportioned so that the flueo-n the coke side of the battery receives the largest volume of preheated air or preheated air and preheated lean gas from the regenerator or regenerators communicating therewith, the flue on the pusher side of the battery receives the next largest volume of preheated air or preheated air and preheated lean gas from the regenerator or regenerators communicating therewith, and the interior flues in a direction running from the pusher to the coke sid of the battery receive gradually increasing amounts of preheated air or preheated air and preheated lean gas from the regenerators communicating therewith.

In accordance with a preferred embodiment of my invention, the'renegerators of the coke oven battery are arranged in rows, each row being disposed crosswise of the battery and communicating with the heating flues of a heating wall thereabove, and the volumetric capacity of the regenerators of each row is proportioned so that the regenerator of smallest volumetric capacity is located near but not at the pusher side of the battery and the volumetric capacity of the regenerators of each row progressively increases from that having the smallest volumetric capacity to the regenerator having the largest volumetric capacity, which last-mentioned regenerator is disposed at the coke side of the battery, the regenerator at the pusher side of the battery having a somewhat smaller volumetric capacity than that at the coke side of the battery, the volumetric capacity of the regenerator at the pusher side of the battery, however, being substantially greater than that of the remaining re-- generators except for the regenerator disposed at the coke side of the battery. The expression volumetriocapacity is used in this specification and appended claims to mean the capacity of a regenerator to store heat from the products of combustion or waste gases passing therethrough during the outflow periods of operation and to preheat air or air and lean gas passing therethrough during the succeeding inflow periods oi operation; this capacity in general is proportional to the surface area of the checkerbrick or other heat-storing material in the regenerator over which area flows the gaseous media mentioned. For a coke oven design in which the regenerators all have the same kind of checkers arranged in like manner, the volumetric capacity will be proportional to the volume of the regenerators containing the checkers.

In terms of the proportionate amount of total air supplied by the regenerators supplying all the flues of a heating well, my invention involves proportioning the volumetric capacities of the regenerators so that from 4% to of the total air is supplied to the end flue on the pusher side,

ator for each four fiues of a heating wall is used,

the regenerator communicating with the four from 3% to 4% to the next flue, from 2% to 3% to the next flue, the percentage of total air supplied by the regenerators communicating with the succeeding fines of each heating wall up to and including the third flue from the coke side gradually increasing by an increment of from .04% to 06%, the amount of air supplied by the regenerator communicating with the third flue from the coke side being of the order of 3% to 4% of the total air, the amount of air supplied to the last two fiues (i. e., the fiues on the coke side) being of the order of 4% to 5% and 5% to 6% respectively. While the above represents the preferred design of regenerators and involves an arrangement in which a flue of any given heating wall communicates with only one regenerator, it will be understood that some of the advantages of the invention can be obtained by grouping the regenerators and flues so that a regenerator communicates with two, three, or

even four hues of a heating wall. Thus the regenerators might be arranged so that one regenerator supplies air. totwo flues on the coke side of the battery, the regenerator being of a volumetric capacity to supply to these two flues from 9% to 10% of the total air, another regenerator supplies air to the two flues 0n the pusher side of the battery and being of a volumetric capacity to supply to these two fiues from 7% to :8%'0f the total air, and still other regenerators communicate with the interior flues, these interior flues being arranged in groups of two communicating with a regenerator individual to each such group, the regenerator communicating with the third and fourth flues from the pusher side of the battery being of a volumetric capacity to supply to these two flues from 5% to 6% of the total amount of air, the volumetric capacity of the regenerators communicating with succeeding groups of fines running from the pusher to the coke side of the battery increasing by an increment of the order of 0.08% to 0.1%. If an arrangement of a regenerator for each three flues of a heating wall is used, the regenerator consupply to these. three fiues from 8% to 9% of the total amount of air, and the volumetric capacity of the regenerators communicating with succeeding groups of fiues' running from the pusher to the coke side of the battery increasing by an increment of the order of .12% to .15%, If an arrangement of a regenerincrement of the order of 0.17% to 0.2%.

fiues on th coke side of the battery may be of a volumetric capacity to supply to these four flues from 16% to 18% of the total air, the regenerator supplying air to the four fiues on the pusher side of the battery may be of a volumetric capacity to supply to these four fiues from 13% to 15% of the total air, the regenerator communicating with the fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth fiues on the pusher side of the battery may be of a volumetric capacity to supply to these four fiues from 11% to 13% of the total amount of air, and the volumetric capacity of the regenerators communicating with the succeeding groups of fines running from the pusher to the coke side of the battery increasing by an The reference herein to total amount of air is to the total amount of air fed to the fiues of one heating wall. If lean gas is preheated by flow through the regenerators, the lean gas regenerators are proportioned in like manner as the air regenerators.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention involving a separate regenerator communicating with each of the fines in a heating wall, the regenerators of each row crosswise of the battery are designed and arranged so thatthe regenerator of smallest volumetric capacity communicates with the third flue from the pusher side of the battery, and running towards the coke side of the battery, each regenerator up to and including the regenerator communicating with the third flue from the coke side of the battery is of progressively greater volumetric capacity, the in crease in volumetric capacity from one regenerator to-the next regenerator of the row being by an increment of the order of 1% to 2%, the regenerator of largest volumetric capacity being on the coke side of the battery and having a capacity approximately 69% greater than that of the regenerator of smallest volumetric capacity, the regenerator of next largest volumetric capacity being on the pusher side of the battery and having a volumetric capacity approximately 58% greater than that of the regenerator of smallest volumetric capacity, the regenerator communicating with the second flue from the coke side of the battery having a volumetric capacity approximately 47% greater than that of the regenerator of smallest volumetric capacity, and the volumetric capacity of the regenerators communicating with the second flue from the pusher side of the battery being approximately 12% greater than that of the regenerator of smallest volumetric capacity.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification and showing for purposes of exemplification preferred forms of this invention without limiting the claimed invention to such illustrative instances:

Fig. 1 is a crosswise vertical section through i a coke oven battery of the underjet type embodying the improvement of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a fragmentary vertical section through the coke oven battery of Fig 1 taken longitudinally of the battery in a plane passing through the line 22 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a crosswise vertical section through a coke oven battery of the twin flue type embodying the improvement of the present invention; and Fig. 4 is a fragmentary vertical section through the coke oven battery of Fig. 3 taken longitudinally of the battery along the line 4-4.

In the preferred embodiments illustrated in the drawings, the invention is shown incorporated in a coke oven battery of the'underjet type involving a single waste heat flue, the heating walls of which have the fiues connected in two exterior groups communicating with one interior group (Fig. 1) or have twin fiues (Fig. 3) and'the present invention will be confined to the present illustrated embodiments of the invention in such coke oven battery. It will be understood, however, the novel features of the invention are susceptible to other applications, such, for example, a a combination coke oven battery having two waste heat fiues as disclosed in Pavitt United States Patent 2,155,954 of April 25, 1939,01 the regenerative coke oven batteries of the Koppers or Becker type, in which the fiues on one side of the coking chamber communicate with those on the other side, or coke oven batteries of the gas gun type in which fuel gas is supplied to the fiues through gas conduit disposed at the base of the fiues. v

In the drawings there is shown a lay-product coke oven embodying in its constructiona plurality of heatin walls 31 each containing vertical fiues and a plurality of intermediate cross- -wise-extending horizontally elongated coking chambers 32. Each coking chamber in horizontal crosssection is of tapered shape as is conventional, the wide end of the coking chamber being on the coke side of the battery, i. e. the side the coke is discharged from the coking chambers, and the narrowerend on the pusher side.

In the embodiment of the invention shown in Figs. 1 and 2, each heating wall on the pusher 'side has a concurrently operable group of fiues identified by reference characters I to 8, inclusive, communicating through a horizontal fiue 33 with an interior group of 8 fiues identified by reference characters 9-I6. On the coke side of the battery the vertical fiues are connected by horizontal flue 34 into two unequal groups of concurrently operable fiues, the interior group of 7 fiues being identified by reference characters "-23 and the .outer group of 6 fiues by reference characters 24 to 23, inclusive. The purpose of having unequal groups of interconnecting flues on the coke side will be explained hereinafter. All the fiues of each heatin wall are of substantially the same size. Thus, in the embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings, the fiues of each heating wall are operatively disposed in two outer and an inner group of concurrently operable fiues, the fiues of each group operating concurrently for flow in the same direction. During one period of operation the fiues l-8 and 24-29 of the outer groups operate concurrently as inflow fiues while the inner group of fiues 9-23 operate concurrently as outflow fiues. Upon reversal, the inner group of fiues of each heating wall operates as inflow fiues, While the outer groups of fiues operate concurrently as outfiow fiues.

The heating walls form the side walls of the respective coking chambers 32, the heating walls andthe coking chambers, together with the superstructure of the oven battery, being supported by massive supporting walls positioned directly beneath the heating walls 3|. The supporting walls 35 rest on and are supported by a fiat mat or platform 36 suitably supported by pillars 31 above a basement space 38 beneath the oven battery.

The coal to be coked is charged into the coking chambers 32 through charging holes 39 located in the top of the oven battery and positioned directly above and communicating with coking chambers 32. The charging holes are equipped with the usual removable covers 40, which are 5 removed during charging of the individual coking chambers and are placed in position to close the tops of these coking chambers during the coking operation.

Flow through each flue may be regulated by a slide brick or damper brick 4| to vary the extent of the passage connecting the vertical fiues with the horizontal fiues 33 or 34 as the case may be. Each slide brick 41 may be advanced more or less over the passage connecting the vertical flue with the horizontal 'fiue through access fiues 42 which extend from the top of the vertical fiues. The base of 'eachfiue' is provided with a burner for supplying coke oven gas there to; along the heating wall the fiues are provided with alternately low and high burners 43, 44 respectively. Fuel gas such as coke oven gas is supplied to the fines from a supply main 45 which, through a series of pipes 46, communicates with a series of headers 41, one for each heating wall, supplying gas to gas conduits 48 leading to the high and low burners 43 and 4t. Suitable valves (not shown) are associated with each conduit 48 to permit adjustment of the amount of coke oven gas supplied to each heating flue. As customary, an air main 49 is connected by piping 56 with the valve-controlled pipes 46 to supply decarbonizing air to the gas conduits leading to the burners.

The regenerators of the batter are located beneath the coking chambers and are disposed in rows extending crosswise of the battery parallel to the coking chambers 32. Each rowof regenerators is disposed between a pair of supporting walls 33. In the embodiment of the invention shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings, the number of regenerators in each row is equal to the number of fiues in the heating wall above, one and the same regenerator communicating with corresponding fiues on opposite sides of a coking chamber as shown in Fig. 2. In Fig. 1 of the drawings, the regenerators communicating with the fiues of the heating wall shown in this figure have been identified by reference numerals the same as those identifying the fiues communicating therewith followed by the letter v.

Thus,-the pusher side regenerator communicating Withfiue I is identified by h", the regenerator communicating with flue 2 by 21", etc. All the regenerators of lr-Br inclusive, 24r-28r inclusive, ;,5 lengthwise of the battery, during one period of operation of the battery operate for inflow into the outer groups of fiues [-8 and 24-29 communicating therewith, while the products of combustion pass down through the inner group of 60 fiues 9-23 into'regenerat'ors -9r-23r. Thus, crosswise of the battery, the regenerators lr-Br and 24r-29r alternately operate for infiow and outflow, while the regenerators ST-lfirr and m-zs-r operate for outflow and inflow, and longitudis5 nally of the battery the regenerator units in longitudinal alignment are all in the same phase.

If it is desired to operate the battery by burning an extraneousiy derived gas such as producer gas or blast furnace gas in the fiues, such gas may be supplied to alternate regenerators lon gitudinally ofthe battery, while the remaining regenerators longitudinally of ,the battery are used to preheat the air necessaryfor combustion of the gas in the fiues. When operating with fuel gas, such as coke oven gas, feddirec'tly to the flues, all the inflow regenerators are preferably used to preheat the air fed to the flues.

In accordance with this invention, the regenerators of each row crosswise of the battery are of different volumetric capacities, all the regenerators in longitudinal alignment along the length of the battery being of substantially the same volumetric capacity. In each row of regenerators crosswise of the battery, the regenerator near but not at the pusher side of the battery has the smallest volumetric capacity, the regenerator at the coke side of the battery the largest volumetric capacity, the regenerator at the pusher side of the next largest volumetric capacity, and the remaining intervening regenerators, 2r-28r, of gradually increasing volumetric capacity, the increment of increase in the case of regenerators 3r to 2' being of the order of 1% or 2%,

In general, the volumetric capacity of the regenerators of any given coke oven battery will depend on the size of the coking chambers, the chemical and physical properties of the brick work used and other factors involved in the design of the battery. It is, therefore, not possible to specify the permissible range of volumetric capacities of the regenerators coming within the scope of this invention since these capacities will vary depending upon the variables such as those above mentioned necessarily involved in the dewill be considered as unity.

The other regenerators of the row should have a volumetric capacity relative to that of 3r as follows:

P rcent Percent Percent Percent |r158 9r108 [Tr-120 251'-132 2r-112 |r1l0.6 |8r121 26r-133 3r--100 l lr-l11 Mir-122 21r135 4r--101 I 2r-112 20r-124 28r 147 Jr-103.7 l3r-114 2 I r 126 291-169 fir-104 Mir-115 22r127 Ir-105 lr 117 23r128 8r107 l6r--118 24r130 It will be noted that the coke side regenerator 291' has the largest volumetric capacity, the pusher side regenerator Ir the next largest, and the volumetric capacities of the regenerators 3r to 211 inclusive, progressively increase by an increment of the order of 1% to 2%. Since the regenerator of largest volumetric capacity is connected with flue 29 and the valves controlling flow of coke oven gas are correspondingly set to feed the largest volume of gas to this flue, the amount of heat generated in this flue is greater than that generated in the remaining flues by an amount sufficient to compensate for radiation losses at this end of the battery and the greater weight of coal to be coked opposite thi flue. Likewise, the regenerators feeding air to the remaining fluesare graduated, and the amount of coke oven gas fed to these flues is controlled by the valves individual to each burner to sup- 'M'; N, N; O, O, are involved. In accordance ply air and coke oven gas to each flue in accordance with the heating requirement per unit length of heating wall to obtain uniform coking throughout the length of the coking chamber in the same coking period. When lean gas is burned in the flues, it is fed through alternate regenerators lengthwise of the battery, the air being fed through the intervening regenerators lengthwise of the battery so that both the air and lean gas are proportioned to give uniform coking throughout the length of the coking chamber during the same coking period.

I have found it is possible to obtain optimum results insofar as compensating for the greater weight of coal and radiation losses are concerned by having on the wider coke side of the chamber a group of 6 exterior flues (flues 2449) communicating with a group of 7 interior flues (flues l'l-23). The volume of products of combustion generated in the 6 flues is approximately equal to that generated in the group of 7 flues, and these products of combustion, due to the proportioning of the regenerators as hereinabove disclosed, flows through the individual flues of each group in substantially the same proportions as the regenerative capacities of the regenerators.

communicating with the flues bear to each other. Thus, during the inflow period the largest volume of products of combustion are generated in flue 29 and during the outflow period of operation a proportionately larger volume of products of combustion flows through flue 29 than through the outer flues of the group due to the fact that regenerator 29r is the regenerator of largest volumetric capacity and this flue is one of a group of 6 receiving products of combustion from a group of 7 flues.

In the base of each crosswise-extending row of regenerators are 2 bus flues 5!, 52. One of the bus flues communicably connects the interior group of ,regenerators Sr-ZSr to the waste gas flue 53 and to the air inlet channel 54 leading to the basement space. The other bus flue connects the exterior groups of regenerators lr-Br and 241' to 297 to the Waste gas flue 53 and channel 54.

Valve mechanism 55 of conventional construction is provided for placing channel 54 in communication with flue 52 and simultaneously placing flue 5| in communication with waste gas flue 53. Upon reversal, this valve mechanism places flue 52 in communication with the waste gas flue 53 and bus flue 5! in communication with air intake 54. Air is supplied to the basement space through valve-controlled air inlets 55, 56 in the coke side wall of the battery.

The parts of the twin flue coke oven battery of the modification of Figs. 3 and 4 corresponding to those of the modification of Figs. 1 and 2 are identified by the same reference numerals. In Figs. 3 and 4 each heating wall is composed of twin or hairpin flues. The number of sets of twin flues in each heating wall will depend on the size of the battery; usually 14 or 15 sets are employed. In the embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 3, 15 sets, identified by reference characters A, A; B, B; C, C; D, D; E, E; F, F; G, G; H, H; I, I; J, J; K, K; L, L; M,

with customary practice, one twin flue of each set, say the left-hand flue, viewing Fig. 3, cp-

erates for inflow, while the other flue of the set flue A of one heating wall operates for inflow and in'the next heating wal1 this flue operates for outflow. Upon reversal, the flue of each set which operates for inflow becomes the outflow flue and the other flue of the set becomes the inflow flue. I

Between each pair of pillar walls 35 isa cross-- wise-extendin row of regeneratcrs, there being one regenerator in a row for each set of twin flues in the heating wall. The flues of eachheating wall communicate with the 'regenerators of two rows of crosswise-extending regenerators. Thus, for example, considering heating wall 60'of Fig. 4, flues A, B, C, etc, communicate by ports 6! with the alternate regenerators of row a and flues A, B, C, etc., communicate by ports 62 with alternate regenerators of row be The remaining regenerators of row or communicate with flues .A', B, C, etc., of heating wall 63 by ports 64. Flues A, B, C, etc. of heating wall 63 communicate by ports 65 with the regenerators of row 0. lhus, during operation of the battery, flow of air takes place through all the regenerators of row a into flues A, B, C, etc. of heating wall 58 and flues A, B, C" of heating wall 63 supportin combustion of the fuel gas supplied to these flues through the burners; 43, 44, the products of combustion flowing through flues A, B, C, etc. of heating wall 68 into alternate regenerators of row b and through the flues A, B, C

of heating wall 63 into alternate'regenerators of row 0. Upon reversal, alternate regenerators of row I) supply preheated 'air to support combustion of fuel gas to the flues A, B, C etc. or". heating wall til, the products of combustion flowing through flues A, B, C of this heating wall into alternate regenerators of row an; alternate regenerators of row 0 supply preheated air to the flues A, B, C etc. of heating wall -53 to support combustion of fuel gas in these flues, the products of combustion flowing through heating flues A, B, C of heating wall 63 into alternate regenerators of row a. Hence, alon the length of the battery, the regenerators are arranged in crosswise-extending rows in which a row of air-preheating regenerators alternates with a row of waste gas regenerators,

In accordance with this invention, the regenerators of each row are made of different volumetric capacities, the regenerator communicating with the flue on the coke side of the battery of a heating wall being of largest volumetric capacity, that communicating with the flue on the pusher side of the batterybeing of next largest volumetric capacity, the regenerator communicating with the flue next to that on the pusher side of the battery being of smallest volumetric capacity, and the remaining regenerators in each row running in a direction from the regenerator having the smallest volumetric capacity to the regenerator of largest volumetric capacity on the coke side of the battery being of gradually increasing volumetric capacities, the rate of increase from one regenerator to the next being by an increment of the order of 2% to 4%.

In the embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 3, the regenerator having the smallest volumetric capacity communicates with the flue B of one heating wall and B of the heating wall on the other side of the coking chamber defined by the two heating walls in question. For purposes of comparison of the volumetric capacities of the remaining regenerators of each row, this regenerator will be considered as having a volumetric capacity of unity. This regenerator is identified in Fig. 3 by the reference character b, the regenerator on the pusher side of the battery being identified by the reference character 0, the regenerator on the pusher side by reference character a, and the remaining regenerators of the row by reference characters 0 to n, inclusive. On the basis that regenerator b has a volumetric capacity of unity, the remaining regenerators have volumetric capacities relative to that of b,

as follows:

While preferred embodiments of my invention have been illustrated and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made without departing from the invention as set forth in the appended claims. Thus, for example, instead of having the twin flue oven of Figs. 3 and 4 provided with a regenerator arrangement, as shown in the drawings, so that the oven is fired with rich gas, a regenerator arrangement for preheating both lean gas and air supplied to the twin flues may be used.

What is claimed is:

1. In a regenerative coke oven battery having alternate horizontal tapered coking chambers and vertically flued heating walls, rows of crosswise extending regenerators of diiierent volumetric capacities communicating With said flues, the regenerator of. largest volumetric capacity in each row being disposed on the coke side of the battery, the regenerator of next largest volumetric capacity in each row being disposed on the pusher side of the battery, and the volumetric capacities of the intermediate regenerators in each row gradually increasing in a direction running from the pusher to the coke side of the battery.

2. In a coke oven battery having horizontal coking chambers and heating walls, each heating wall consisting of vertical flues, a row of regenerators disposed crosswise of the battery communicating with the flues in the heating wall, said regenerators being of difierent volumetric capacities, the regenerator of largest volumetric capacity being disposed on the coke side ofthe battery, the regenerator of next largest volumetric capacity being disposed on the pusher side of the battery, the remaining regenerators of said row being of a volumetric capacity less than that of the last mentioned regenerator and the volumetric capacity of most of said remaining regenerators gradually increasing in a direction from the pusher to the coke side of the battery to compensate for the varying amounts of coal in each unit length of the coking chamber heated by said flues communicating with said remaining regenerators so that substantially uniform coking of the coal in said coking chamber takes place.

3. A regenerative icy-product coke oven battery having a tapered coking chamber and a vertically flued heating wall, the flues being arranged so that the flues on the pusher side of the battery are in two equal groups of cocurrently operable flues connected by a horizontal flue and the flues on the coke side of the battery are arranged in two unequal groups of cocurrently operable flues, there being one more flue in the interior group than in the group contiguous to the coke side, and said unequal groups being connected by a horizontal flue, a crosswise extending row of regenerators of different volumetric capacities connected to said flues with a regenerator individual to aflue, the regenerator of largest volumetric capacity being disposed on the coke side of the battery communicating with the flue on the coke side of the battery and the regenerator of next largest volumetric capacity being disposed on the pusher side of the battery communicating with the flue on the pusher side of the battery, the regenerators communicating with theflues starting with the third flue from the pusher side of the battery and running up to the third flue from the coke side of the battery being of gradually increasing volumetric capacity, the increase in volumetric capacity of succeeding regenerators being from 1% to 2%.

4. A regenerative by-product coke oven battery having a tapered coking chamber and a vertically flued heating wall, the flues being arranged so that the flues on the pusher side of the battery are in two equal groups of cocurrently operable flues connected by a horizontal flue and the flues on the coke side of the battery are arranged in two unequal groups of cocurrently operable flues, there being one more flue in the interior group than in the group contiguous to the coke side, and said unequal groups being connected by a horizontal flue, a row of regenerators of different regenerator communicating with the third flue from the pusher side being the regenerator of smallest volumetric capacity, the regenerator communicating with the flue on the coke side having a volumetric capacity approximately 69% greater than that of the said regenerator of smallest volumetric capacity, the regenerator volumetric capacities each individual to a flue, the r communicating with the flue on the pusher side having a volumetric capacity approximately 58% greater than that of the said regenerator of smallest volumetric capacity, the regenerator contiguous to the pusher side regenerator having a volumetric capacity approximately 12% greater than that of the regenerator of smallest volumetric capacity, the regenerator contiguous to the coke side regenerator having a volumetric capacity approximately 47% greater than that of the regenerator of smallest volumetric capacity, and the remaining regenerators in the row starting With the regenerator next to that of smallest volumetric capacity and running from the pusher to the coke side of the battery up to and including the regenerator communicating with the third flue from the coke side of the battery being of gradually increasing volumetric capacity, the increase in volumetric capacity from one regenerator to the next being from 1% to 2%.

5. In a coke oven battery, having alternate horizontal tapered coking chambers and heating walls, each heating wall consisting of vertical twin flues, a row of regenerators extending crosswise of the battery communicating with said flues in each heating wall, the regenerators being of different volumetric capacities, the regenerator of largest volumetric capacity of each row communicating with the flue on the coke side of the battery, the regenerator of next largest volumetric capacity of each row communicating with the flue on the pusher side of the battery, and the volumetric capacities of the remaining regenerators of each row gradually increasing in a direction from the pusher to the coke side of the battery to compensate for the varying amounts of coal in each unit length of a coking chamber heated by the flues communicating with said remaining regenerators so that substantially uniform coking of the coal in said coking chamber takes place.

FRANS WETHLY.

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