US24007A - Machinery for hardening hat-bodies - Google Patents
Machinery for hardening hat-bodies Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US24007A US24007A US24007DA US24007A US 24007 A US24007 A US 24007A US 24007D A US24007D A US 24007DA US 24007 A US24007 A US 24007A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cradle
- hat
- hardening
- bodies
- hat body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000036633 rest Effects 0.000 description 8
- 210000003141 Lower Extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 241000695274 Processa Species 0.000 description 2
- 210000001364 Upper Extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002459 sustained Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H17/00—Felting apparatus
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/91—Product with molecular orientation
Definitions
- I-Iat bodies formed by collecting bers of fur and similar substances upon formers require to be hardened before they are removed from the former, and various machines have been devised for eecting the hardening by imparting a tremulous movement to the hat body while it is subjected to pressure between two surfaces, which are usually the former on which the hat body is made and a cover superimposed over the hat body.
- the tremulous movement lhas been effected by placing the covered hat body in a conical cradle to which a rapid tremulous movement is imparted, and my invention has referenceparticularly to this class of hardening machines.
- the cradle ⁇ is arranged in an upright position, and the cradle is either of just the proper size to admit the covered hat body, or if larger is padded so that the covered hat body is properly supported at all sides; hence the cradle of the machine requires adjustment in its dimensions to fit it to the hardening of hat bodies of different dimensions.
- the object of my invention is to enable the same cradle to be used without adapting its interior dimensions to those of the hat body, and to enable the pressure of the interior former to be graduated as may be found best in practice, and it consists mainly in a vibrating cradle set in an inclined position, so that the hat body with its covers lies upon its side and at an angle whose greater or less variation from a vertical line may if desired be varied so as to cause more or less of the weight of the hat former to bear upon the interior of the hat body during hardening.
- the cradle A of the hardening machine represented in the accompanying drawings is of conical form, and is composed of staves or bars secured at their lower extremities in a bottom b and connected at their upper extremities by a curb or rim d.
- the bottom of the cradle is fitted with a pin z', which projects from its lower face, and is stepped in an adjustable slide c which is supported-in"5 ⁇ 0 ⁇ A a base block D.
- the rim of the cradleis connected at one side with a frame E by means of a shackle bar m, and it is connected at the opposite side with the crank pin s of a rapidly revolving shaft F by means of a connecting rod a)
- the length of the connecting rod and shackle bar are such that the cradle is supported in an inclined posi- .tion as represented in the'drawings.
- the slide in which the pin at the bottom of the cradle is stepped is adjustable so as to vary the position of the bottom of the cradle Mw thus vary its inclination.
- the shackle bar and connecting rod have a series of holes in their ends to which the bolts that connect them with the rim of the cradle can be shifted for the same purpose.
- the crank pin s instead of being secured permanently in one position to its shaft F, should be secured in a slide t that can be adjusted in a hub 1- secured to the shaft, so that it may be adjusted to give a greater or less vibration to the cradle.
- the lowermost staves of the cradle should be slightly padded and covered with some smooth material, enameled cloth for example, so that the metal of the cover containing the hat body may not come in direct contact with the wood of the staves,
- the uppermost bars thereof are inoperative in hardening the'hat body and do not touch the cover, hence hat bodies of any size that the cradle will receive may be laid in it and hardened without any change in the padding to adjust the dimensions of the cradle to those of the hat body.
- the weight of the inner cone instead of bearing directly downward against the tip of the hat body bears partly upon the side thereof, and by adjusting this inclination the proportionate parts of the weight bearing downward and sidewise may be varied to suit the peculiarities in the proportionate diameter and length of different hat bodies.
- the broader brimmed the hat body is in proportion to its height the less should be the deviation of the line of inclination from a vertical line, and the narrower brimmed the hat body the more inclined should be the cradle.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
Description
UITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
GEORGE E. COVVPERTHYVAI'I?, OF DANBURY, 'CONNECTICUT MACHINERY FOR HARDENING HAT-BODIES.
Specification of Letters Patent No. 24,007, dated lVIay 17, 1859.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, GEORGE E. CowPnR- THwArr, of Danbury, in the county of Fairiield and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Machines for Hardening Hat-Bodies; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of my said invention7 reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing, in which- Figure l represents a side elevation of one of my improved hardening machines, F ig. 2 represents a plan of the same, and Fig. 3 a vertical longitudinal section of the same at the line m of Fig. 2.
I-Iat bodies formed by collecting bers of fur and similar substances upon formers require to be hardened before they are removed from the former, and various machines have been devised for eecting the hardening by imparting a tremulous movement to the hat body while it is subjected to pressure between two surfaces, which are usually the former on which the hat body is made and a cover superimposed over the hat body. In several of these machines the tremulous movement lhas been effected by placing the covered hat body in a conical cradle to which a rapid tremulous movement is imparted, and my invention has referenceparticularly to this class of hardening machines. In all machines of this class with which I am acquainted the cradle `is arranged in an upright position, and the cradle is either of just the proper size to admit the covered hat body, or if larger is padded so that the covered hat body is properly supported at all sides; hence the cradle of the machine requires adjustment in its dimensions to fit it to the hardening of hat bodies of different dimensions. These machines also are objectionable for the reason that the hat body being upright, is subjected to the direct downward pressure of the entire weight of the forming cone which is within it, and the pressure of this weight hardening upon the loose hat body endangers the rupture of the tip from the brim in the operation of hardening when the brim is thick in proportion to the tip; when on the other hand the brim is thin, the upper part of the body is worked downward by the pressure of this weight and wrinkles are formed in it which tend to produce thick spots in the subsequent process of sizing unless the greatest care is exercised on the part of the workman.
The object of my invention is to enable the same cradle to be used without adapting its interior dimensions to those of the hat body, and to enable the pressure of the interior former to be graduated as may be found best in practice, and it consists mainly in a vibrating cradle set in an inclined position, so that the hat body with its covers lies upon its side and at an angle whose greater or less variation from a vertical line may if desired be varied so as to cause more or less of the weight of the hat former to bear upon the interior of the hat body during hardening.
` The cradle A of the hardening machine represented in the accompanying drawings is of conical form, and is composed of staves or bars secured at their lower extremities in a bottom b and connected at their upper extremities by a curb or rim d. The bottom of the cradle is fitted with a pin z', which projects from its lower face, and is stepped in an adjustable slide c which is supported-in"5`0\A a base block D. The rim of the cradleis connected at one side with a frame E by means of a shackle bar m, and it is connected at the opposite side with the crank pin s of a rapidly revolving shaft F by means of a connecting rod a) The length of the connecting rod and shackle bar are such that the cradle is supported in an inclined posi- .tion as represented in the'drawings. The
slide in which the pin at the bottom of the cradle is stepped is adjustable so as to vary the position of the bottom of the cradle Mw thus vary its inclination. The shackle bar and connecting rod have a series of holes in their ends to which the bolts that connect them with the rim of the cradle can be shifted for the same purpose. The crank pin s instead of being secured permanently in one position to its shaft F, should be secured in a slide t that can be adjusted in a hub 1- secured to the shaft, so that it may be adjusted to give a greater or less vibration to the cradle. The lowermost staves of the cradle should be slightly padded and covered with some smooth material, enameled cloth for example, so that the metal of the cover containing the hat body may not come in direct contact with the wood of the staves,
as the rubbing of the one upon the other in the processA of hardening would tend to injure both.
In hardening hat bodies with this machineV the hat body j, while upon the forming cone k is covered with an exterior cone or cover Z, and the three are laid in the inclined cradle so that the cover of the hat body rests in an inclined position upon the lowermost staves of thecradle. The crank shaft F Vis then vcaused to revolve rapidly, and the crank pin revolving with it imparts a rapid vibrating movement to the cradle. As the cradle is held at two points, the pivot at the bottom. and the bolt that connects its rim with the shackle bar m, it vibrates upon these two points as centers, and the peculiar movement thus obtained imparts a tremulous circular movement to the cover Z, to the hat body j and to the forming cone /c within the hat body. The nature of this circular movement is such that the cover in turning in its inclined position brings in succession each part of the hat body past the side of the cradle on which the cover rests, while the interior cone revolves more rapidly than the cover so that the hat body is rubbed between two surfaces with a pressure depend ing upon the inclination of the cradle in which it rests. As the hat body rests on its side and is supported only by the lowermost bars or staves of the cradle, the uppermost bars thereof are inoperative in hardening the'hat body and do not touch the cover, hence hat bodies of any size that the cradle will receive may be laid in it and hardened without any change in the padding to adjust the dimensions of the cradle to those of the hat body. From ,the inclination of the cradle the weight of the inner cone instead of bearing directly downward against the tip of the hat body bears partly upon the side thereof, and by adjusting this inclination the proportionate parts of the weight bearing downward and sidewise may be varied to suit the peculiarities in the proportionate diameter and length of different hat bodies. Thus the broader brimmed the hat body is in proportion to its height the less should be the deviation of the line of inclination from a vertical line, and the narrower brimmed the hat body the more inclined should be the cradle.
' VI have found the machine to work well upon medium sized hat bodies with a speed of about 800 revolutions a minute and a vibration of 1/8 of an inch. The vibration may however be varied as found best by practice from l/16 to' 1/2 of an inch. speed may also be varied. In practice I have also found it convenient to arrange two cradles side by side so that both are vibrated by the same crank pin, as such an arrangement is cheaper in construction and occupies less space than when two cradles are employed separately, and is equally eflicient in practice; and I have been able to harden hat bodies varying from l5 inches by 20 inches to 28 inches by 30 inches without any alteration of the interior dimensions of the cradle.
Having thus described the nature of my invention and a machine embodying it, what I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is- 1. The method of hardening hat bodies by means of a cradle sustained in an inclined position and having a tremulous movement substantially as herein set forth.
2. I also claim the method of subjecting hat bodies to greater or less pressure during hardening by inclining the cradle of the hardening machine to a greater or less extent, substantially as herein set forth.
Gr. E. COVVPERTHIVAIT.
Vitnesses:
MELVILLE V. BIGGs, R101-IARD J. CUNNINGHAM.
The
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US24007A true US24007A (en) | 1859-05-17 |
Family
ID=2091778
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US24007D Expired - Lifetime US24007A (en) | Machinery for hardening hat-bodies |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US24007A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4642261A (en) * | 1984-12-21 | 1987-02-10 | Unaform Inc. | Papermakers fabric having a tight bottom weft geometry |
US6085369A (en) * | 1994-08-30 | 2000-07-11 | Feher; Steve | Selectively cooled or heated cushion and apparatus therefor |
-
0
- US US24007D patent/US24007A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4642261A (en) * | 1984-12-21 | 1987-02-10 | Unaform Inc. | Papermakers fabric having a tight bottom weft geometry |
US6085369A (en) * | 1994-08-30 | 2000-07-11 | Feher; Steve | Selectively cooled or heated cushion and apparatus therefor |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US24007A (en) | Machinery for hardening hat-bodies | |
US18181A (en) | Machine fob habdening hat-bodies | |
US2734A (en) | Xfuniit | |
US13698A (en) | Felting hat-bodies | |
US15290A (en) | Machinery for felting- hat-bodies | |
US29993A (en) | Hoop-sawing machine | |
US52739A (en) | Improvement in apparatus for pouncing hats | |
US27028A (en) | Machine foe polishing leather | |
US59031A (en) | Improvement in machines for molding, felting, and fulling hat-bodies | |
US19138A (en) | Machinert for | |
US1106644A (en) | Shaking-machine for use in the manufacture of concrete or artificial stone. | |
US25300A (en) | Seth boyden | |
US21379A (en) | Machine tob cutting irregular forms | |
US53633A (en) | Improvement in fluting-mach ines | |
US43530A (en) | Improvement in machines for drying wool | |
US17115A (en) | Machine fob | |
US4736A (en) | Machine for hulling and pearling rice | |
US18316A (en) | Machine for | |
US24856A (en) | Machine for stoning- cherries | |
US400893A (en) | Sand-molding machine | |
US24319A (en) | Egbert marcher | |
US15043A (en) | Washing-machine | |
US24163A (en) | Machine fob cutting irregular forms | |
US644253A (en) | Apparatus for making chocolate. | |
US830264A (en) | Wire-frame machine. |