US2399907A

US2399907A - Portable riveter

Info

Publication number: US2399907A
Application number: US453375A
Authority: US
Inventors: Blair Walter
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1942-08-03
Filing date: 1942-08-03
Publication date: 1946-05-07
Anticipated expiration: 1963-05-07

Description

May 7, 1946. w. BLAIR PORTABLE RIVETER Filed Aug. 3, 1942 Z-Sheets-Sheet l Zmventor lr |1L p y 7, 1946. w. BLAIR 2,399,901

PORTABLE RIVETER Filed Aug. 5, 1942 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 attorneys Patented May 7, 1946 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PORTABLE RIVETER Walter Blair, Detroit, Mich.

Application August 3, 1942, Serial No. 453,375

12 Claims.

The present invention relates to portable riveting machines and more particularly, to a riveting head therefor.

The primary object of the invention, is to provide a riveting machine adapted to operate upon rivets of various sizes and lengths without requiring the use of different sized riveter heads or the removal and insertion of rivet sets of different lengths and sizes.

Another object of the invention, is to provide a head for riveting machines of the portable type in which the stroke of the riveter may be increased or decreased to accommodate rivets of various sizes by the manipulation of an adjustment screw within easy reach of the operator to facilitate the easy adjustment of the rivet set Without requiring the use of numerous tools or other instruments.

Another object of the invention is to provide a portable riveter head having a rivet set which is operated hydraulically by means of a force plunger likewise operated by a force plunger of increased diameter through the medium of a me chanical wedge connection adapted to multiply the force applied to the rivet set force plunger thereby increasing the mechanical advantage and force applied to the rivet set.

Another object of the invention, is to provide a riveter head of the hydraulic type having an adjustable chamber controlled by a plunger capable of movement in and out of the chamber so as to increase or decrease the length of the stroke of the rivet set which distance may be accurately indicated upon a suitable gauge carried by the riveter head and operated by the plunger,

Another object of the invention is to provide a riveter head of the hydraulic type as set forth in the preceding objects wherein all of the plungers incident to the transmission system are automatically sealed against the escape of fluid by means of a novel back pressure fluid seal device built into the rivet head and controlled by the force plunger.

Another object of th invention is to provide a riveter head of the above mentioned character in which the force plunger operate on itspressure stroke to withdraw a portion of the fluid or sealing medium in the fluid seal so that on the return stroke, the excess sealing liquid will be returned to the transmission system.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent during the course of the following description of the accompanying drawings wherein:

Figure l is-a longitudinal cross sectional view of 7 the riveter head embodying the invention illustrating the rivet set, its force plunger and the manner of adjusting the stroke of the rivet set as well as thefiuid seal system therefor.

Figure 2 is a top plan view of the riveter head illustrating in detail the gauge for determining the riveter set stroke and showing the manner in which the riveter head is applied t a conventional combined handle and operating plunger.

Figure 3 is a vertical cross sectional view taken on line 33 of Figure 1 looking in the direction of the arrows illustrating in detail, the ports interconnecting the force plunger chamber and the adjustment chamber.

Figure 4 is a vertical cross sectional view taken on line 4-4 of Figure 1 looking in the direction of the arrows illustrating in detail, the formation of the liquid sealing chambers encircling the force plunger and the rivet set adjusting plunger.

Figure 5 is a vertical cross sectional view taken on line 5--5 of Figure 1 looking in the direction of the arrows illustrating the location of the inlet and outlet valves communicating with the space behind the force plunger so as to induce suction upon the sealing chambers to withdraw excess sealing liquid therefrom.

Figure 6 is a vertical cross sectional view taken on line 6--6 of Figure 1 looking in the direction of the arrows illustrating the force plunger packin gland and further showing th control valve for the sealing chambers and the adjusting plunger and;

Figure '7 is a horizontal cross sectional view taken on line 11 of Figure 1 looking in the direction of the arrows further illustrating the rivet set plunger and the liquid seal chamber therefor.

Fig. 8 is a vertical sectional view along line 8--8 of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrows further illustrating details of the adjustable plunger and indicator therefor.

In the drawings, wherein for the purpose of illustrating the invention and wherein like reference characters will be employed to designate like parts throughout the same, the reference character 5 will generally be employed to designate a riveter head adapted to be attached to a combined handle or grip and an actuating plunger cylinder. The riveter head 5 is formed of a solid piece of metal and is shaped to provide a yoke having arms 1 and 8. The rear portion of the rivet head 5 is provided with parallel extensions 9 between which is inserted a projection Ill formed integral with the combined handle grip and actuating plunger structure. Bolts H extend through the parallel extensions 9 and through spaced openings I2 in the projection I so that nuts I3 may be threaded on the free ends of the bolts to securely clamp the riveter head to the handle grip 6.

Transversely extending through the yoke arm 1 adjacent the end thereof is a bore I4 screwthreacled at the upper end as at I5 for receiving a closure plug I6 having external screw threads I! for threadedly engaging the screw threads I5. A sealing ring I8 is interposed between the closure plug and the riveter head to prevent the escape of the pressure fluid. Reciprocably mounted in the bor I4 is a rivet set plunger I9 which is formed tubular for a portion of its length to provide a spring housing chamber 29. The opposite end of the rivet set plunger projects through the bore I4 to provide a rivet set 2I. The other yoke arm 8 projects beneath the rivet set 2| as at 22 to provide an anvil or dolly. The yoke arms 1 and 8 may be curved as shown in Figure 2 to present a finished appearance and the elimination of corners which would be likely to damage the work upon which the riveter is used.

Extending inwardly from the rear wall of the riveter head is a longitudinal bore 23 providing a pressure chamber 24 terminating a short distance inwardly from the transverse bore I4. The rear end of the bore 23 is enlarged and is screw threaded as at 25 for receiving a gland nut 26 having a packing ring 21. The gland nut 26 is provided with a bore 28 in which is slidably mounted a piston rod 29 on the free end of which is formed a piston plunger 30. A coil spring 3| is located in the compression chamber 24 to normally urge the piston plunger 39 toward the rear end of the riveter head and likewise, a coil spring 32 is mounted in the spring housing chamber 29 of the rivet set plunger 19 and said coil spring has its upper end hooked over an eye 33 carried by the plug I6, while its opposite end is hooked into an expansible eye member 34 having its free ends seated in suitable diametrically disposed openings 35.

The fluid pressure chamber 24 is in communication with an offset passageway 36, one end of which communicates with the fluid pressure chamber 24 through an opening 31 while the opposite end communicates with the upper end of the rivet set bore I4 by means of a passageway 36 and interconnecting passageway 39. It will be obvious that forward motion of the piston plunger 39 will transmit a corresponding amount of force and motion to the rivet set plunger I9 when the chambers 24 and I4 are filled with liquid since both chambers are of substantially the same size and the plunger areas are likewise substantially equal.

The passageway opening 38 also communicates with a longitudinally extending bore 49 extending inwardly from the rear wall of the rivet set and terminating a short distance from the bore I4. The forward portion of the bore 40 provides a chamber 4| the capacity of which may be controlled by means of a plunger 42 adjustably mounted therein. The rear portion or the adjusting plunger 42 is enlarged and screw threaded as at 43 for being threadedly received in an enlarged and threaded portion of the bore 49 as at 44. A kerf 45 is cut in the extreme rear end of the adjustable plunger 42 so that a screw driver or the like may be inserted in the enlarged bore 44 and received in the kerf 45 to facilitate the rotation and resulting adjustment of the plunger 42. Communicating with the bore 40 adjacent the rear end thereof is a slot 46 extending longitudinally of the riveter head and said slot is adapted to form a slideway for a dovetailed slide 41. As shown in Figure 8, the longitudinally extending slot 46 is undercut to receive the beveled edges of the slide 4'! and said slide is provided with a pin 48 projecting into the bore and extending into an annular groove 49 formed in the adjustable plunger 42. A pointer 50 is secured to the slide 4l' and is adapted to register with a series of graduations 5| marked on the top wall of the riveter head whereby the exact distance of the adjustable plunger 42 is moved may be indicated in units of length.

It is to be noted, that the adjustable plunger 42 is of substantially the same diameter as the plunger piston 39 so that by moving the adjustable plunger 42 inward or outward with respect to the chamber M the rivet set plunger I9 will likewise move inwardly or outwardly of the bore [4 a corresponding distance. In this manner, a rivet B may be supported on the anvil 22 so that it may be flattened at one end to anchor the work pieces W together without requiring the operator to change riveter heads or to alter the construction of the riveter plunger I9.

' In order to prevent the escape of the fluid pressure medium, the bores 23, I4 and 40 are provided with means for collecting excess liquid and returning it to the pressure side of the operating plunger 39. As shown clearly in Figure 1, the bore I4 is provided adjacent its lower end with an annular liquid collection groove and combined sealing chamber 52 in which is collected excess liquid finding its way between the bore I4 and the rivet set plunger I9 and in effect, forming a liquid seal therebetween. A similar annular groove 53 is formed in the bore 23 and the piston plunger 39. A longitudinally extending passageway 54 connects the annular grooves 52 and 53 as shown clearly in Figure 1. Likewise, an annular groove 55 is formed in the intermediate portion of the bore 40 in the region of the piston operating port on of the bore and said annular groove is connected to the annular groove 53 by means of a transverse passageway 56 likewise shown in Figures 1 and 4.

Formed in the rear portion of the riveter head and extending inwardly thereof is an enlarged screw-threaded bore 57 having a reduced portion 58 in communication with the transverse passageway 56 by means of an interconnecting longitudinal passageway 59. A spring loaded ball valve 63 is mounted in the reduced bore 58 and is adapted to be urged into engagement with a seat 6| by means of a coil spring 62 having one end engaging the ball valve 69 and its opposite end engaging a plug 63 threaded in the screwthreaded opening 51. The screw-threaded plug 63 is provided with a longitudinal bore 65 communicating with the reduced portion 58 of the bore 51, and said plug 63 is provided with an annular groove 66 in communication with the longitudinal bore 65 by means of radially extending bores 61. A passageway port 68 interconnects the bore 23 rearwardly of the piston 30 with the annular groove 66 so that upon the pressure stroke of the plunger piston 39 suction will be created in the rear portion of the bore 23 to withdraw excess fluid pressure medium from the grooves 52, 53 and 55.

The rear portion of the screw-threaded plug 63 is provided with an inwardly extending bore 69 having a valve seat 19 upon which is seated a ball valve II to close the rear end of the bore 61 upon the forward travel of the fluid piston plunger 30.

Upon the rearward travel of the piston plunger 30, the excess liquidin the bore 23 is forced rearwardly through the axial bore 65 of the screwthreaded plug 63 and unseats the valve H from its seat 10 against the action of a coil spring 12 having one end engaging the ball valve and its opposite end engaging a screw-threaded plug 13 threaded into the bore 51. The liquid thus forced past the ball valve H is returned to the chambers 24 and 4| by means of a longitudinally extending passageway 14 the forward end of which is in communication with the transverse bore 51 by means of an angular passageway 15. It will be seen, that upon the rearward travel or return motion of the piston plunger 30, the excess liquid collected in the bore 23 by the suction stroke of the piston on the opposite side of the compression chamber 24 will find its way back to the com pression side of the piston plunger 30 and will not leak from the bores I4, 23 and 40.

It is to be noted, that the rear portion of the plunger rod 29 projects between the wing extensions 9 so that the free end thereof will be engaged by a rock lever 76 pivoted between a pair of upstanding ears l1 formed integral with the handlegrip extension H1. The rocking lever I6 is supported on a pin 18 extending through the ears I? and through a bearing portion 19 formed on the rocking lever and said rocking lever is provided with a plunger rod engaging portion 80 contacting the free end of the plunger rod 29 The rocking lever. 16 is bifurcated as at 8|, and a cam engaging roller 82 is mounted between the bifurcations and is rotatably mounted upon a pin 83.

The handle grip 6 has its cylinder portion 84 provided with a piston 86 which is forced toward opposite ends of the cylinder 84 by admitting fluid under pressure to opposite sides thereof through the port passageways 81 and 88. A piston rod 89 is secured to the piston 86 and projects through the front Wall of the cylinder 84 through an opening therein as at 90. Secured to the piston rod 89 on the outer end thereof is a sliding cam block 9| adapted to be slidably moved over the top wall of the projection along the surface 92 thereof. The cam block BI is provided with a cam surface 93 extending rearwardly from the forward portion thereof which is adapted to enga e the roller 82 and rock the lever 16 a considerable distance during the initial movement. of the piston 86. After the cam block 9| has moved forward the cam surface 94 is presented to the roller 82 to impart a powerful final impulse to the piston plunger 30 with the resultant final impulse to the rivet set 2| thereby causing the rivet R to be upset in the usual manner.

Fluid under pressure may be admitted to opposite sides of the piston 86 from a suitable source of fluid pressure supply and a valve may be interposed in the passageways 81 and 88 for controlling the fluid under pressure to the cylinder 84.

In operation, the riveter head may be employed for upsetting rivets by a squeeze or pressure action produced by extremely high pressure. The riveter head may be presented to the work W so that the head of the rivet R rests upon the anvil 22. The valve (not shown) may then be operated to admit fiuid under pressure to the cylinder 84 through the passageway 88, whereupon the Wedge block 9| will tile the lever 16 to force the plunger 30 inwardly a considerable distance during the initial portion of the stroke of the piston 86. When the cam surface 94 engages the roller 82, the

piston plunger 30 will move slower but will exert an increased pressure upon the rivet set plunger l9, thereby causing the rivet set 2! to deform the rivet R. Should it be desired to operate upon rivets of various lengths, the plunger 42 may be moved inwardly or outwardly with respect to the chamber 4| thereby moving the rivet set plunger l9 inwardly or outwardly of the bore I4 a corresporiding distance. marked to determine the distance between the rivet set 2i and the anvil 22 which distance will be proportional to the movement of the plunger 42. After the operator has set the plunger 42 so that the pointer 50 registers with one of the graduation marks 5|, the cycle of operation is again. carried out to force the rivet set plunger home on the rivet R which will be of a different size than the one operated upon prior to the adjustment of the plunger 42.

By reason of the unique construction, rivets in various positions may be operated upon and particularly, rivets which are in corners or the like may be easily operated upon by presenting th riveter head thereto at various angles.

It is to be understood, that the form of the invention herewith shown and described is to be taken asa preferred embodiment of the invention and that various changes in the shape, size and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the subjoined claims.

What I 'claim is:

1. A riveting machine comprising, a yoke, a rivet set plunger reciprocably mounted in a chamber formed in one arm of theyoke, a fluid pressure operated plunger reciprocably mounted in abore formed in said yoke in communication with said chamber for exerting pressure on the rivet set plunger and a manually adjustable plunger slidably fitted in another bore in said yoke having communication with the rivet set chamber and said first-mentioned bore for varying the stroke of the rivet set plunger independently of the fiuid pressure operated plunger to accommodate rivets of various sizes.

2. A riveting machine, comprising a yoke having a chamber formed in one of its arms, a rivet set plunger mounted in the chamber, a coil spring attached to said plunger to retract the same within the chamber, a compression chamber formed in the yoke in communication with the rivet set plunger chamber a compression piston in said compression chamber to project said rivet set plunger against the tension of said spring a vari able chamber having communication with both of said first mentioned chambers and a manually controlled adjusting plunger slidably fitted within the variable chamber to regulate the stroke of the rivet set plunger by forcing said rivet set plunger outward against the tension of the coil spring independently of the operation of the compression piston.

8;A riveting machine, comprising, a yoke having a transverse bore in one of its arms. a rivet set plunger mounted in said bore, a coil spring secured in said bore and anchored to the rivet set plunger a force plunger mounted in a bore at right angles to the transverse bore, said bores The graduations 5| may be ing plunger to indicate the distance between the rivet set plunger and the other yoke arm.

4. A riveting machine, comprising, a yoke having a transverse bore in one of its arms, a rivet set plunger mounted in said bore, retention means for urging the rivet set plunger inwardly of the bore, a force plunger reciprocably mounted in another bore in the yoke in communication with the first mentioned bore, a variable chamber in communication with one of the above mentioned bores, an adjustable plunger mounted in the chamber and an indicator carried by the adjustable plunger for indicating the distance between the rivet set plunger and the other yoke arm.

5. A riveting machine, comprising, a yoke having transverse and longitudinal bores in communication with one another, a rivet set plunger mounted in the transverse bore, a force plunger mounted in the longitudinal bore a variable chamber communicating with one of said bores and a manually controlled adjustable plunger slidably fitted in said variable chamber to regulate the stroke of the rivet set plunger independent of the movement of the force plunger.

6. A portable riveting machine, comprising a l head in the form of a yoke having a transverse bore in one of the yoke arms and a pair of parallel bores extending at right angles thereto and in communication therewith, a rivet set plunger mounted in the transverse bore, a force plunger mounted in one of the longitudinal bores to project the rivet set plunger, a variable and adjustable plunger mounted in the other longitudinal bore to regulate the stroke of the rivet set plunger, each of said bores being provided with annular grooves for the collection and reception of the compression fluid and means for returning said fluid to the bores.

7. A portable riveting machine, comprising a yoke head having a transverse bore in one of its arms and a pair of parallel bores at right angles thereto and in communication therewith and with one another, a rivet set plunger mounted in the transverse bore movable toward the other yoke arm, a retention device retracting said plunger, a force plunger mounted in one of the longitudinal bores to act upon fluid contained in the bores and project the rivet set plunger, and a manually controlled adjustable plunger mounted in the Other longitudinal bore to regulate the stroke of the rivet r set plunger independently of the movement of the force plunger.

8. A portable riveter, comprising a yoke head having a transverse bore in one of its arms and a pair of parallel bores in communication with:

the inner end of the transverse bore, a rivet set plunger mounted in the transverse bore, a force plunger mounted in one of the parallel bores, an adjustable plunger fitted in the other parallel bore means for exerting pressure on the force having a transverse bore in one of its arms, and a pair of parallel bores in communication with one end thereof, each of said bores being filled with a liquid material, a rivet set plunger in the transverse bore, an adjustable plunger slidably fitted in the other bore a force plunger in one of the parallel bores, means for exerting pressure on the force plunger to project the rivet set plunger, a spring connected to the rivet set plunger at one of its ends and to the bore at its other end for retracting the rivet set plunger, means for varying the position of the adjustable plunger for causing a like adjusting movement to be imparted to the rivet set plunger and means controlled by the last named means for indicating the distance said rivet set plunger is varied with respect to the other arm of the yoke.

10. A riveting machine, comprising a yoke, a rivet set plunger mounted in a bore in one arm of the yoke, a pressure-operated force plunger mounted in another bore in the yoke to exert pressure on the rivet set plunger, and a manually controlled adjustable plunger slidably fitted within a chamber in the yoke in communication with said bores and interposed between the force plunger and rivet set plunger and parallel with the force plunger for regulating the stroke of the rivet set plunger independently of the force plunger, said adjusting plunger being of substantially the same size as the rivet set plunger so that movement of the adjusting plunger will move the rivet set plunger a corresponding amount.

11. A riveting machine, comprising a yoke, a chamber formed in one of the arms of the yoke, a rivet set plunger mounted in the chamber, a spring connecting said rivet set plunger fo retracting the same, a force plunger reciprocably mounted in another chamber in the yoke in communication with the first-mentioned chamber for projecting said rivet set plunger against the tension of said spring, a variable chamber interposed between said chambers, and a manually controlled adjustable plunger slidably fitted in said variable chamber to regulate the stroke of the rivet set plunger independently of the force plunger, said adjusting plunger being of substantially the same size as the rivet set plunger so that movement of the adjusting plunger will move the rivet set plunger a corresponding amount.

12. A riveting machine, comprising a yoke having a chamber formed in one arm thereof, a rivet set plunger mounted in the chamber, a coil spring for retracting said rivet set plunger, a force plunger reciprocably mounted in another chamber formed in the yoke having communication with the rivet set chamber for projecting said plunger against the tension of said coil spring, a variable chamber in communication with the rivet set plunger chamber and force plunger chamber, and a manually controlled adjustable plunger slidably fitted within said variable chamber .to regulate the stroke of the rivet set plunger independently of the force plunger, said adjusting plunger being of substantially the same size as the rivet set plunger so that movement of