US239776A - henley - Google Patents
henley Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US239776A US239776A US239776DA US239776A US 239776 A US239776 A US 239776A US 239776D A US239776D A US 239776DA US 239776 A US239776 A US 239776A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- ozocerite
- core
- steam
- henley
- india
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000012186 ozocerite Substances 0.000 description 18
- 240000002027 Ficus elastica Species 0.000 description 16
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 16
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229920000588 Gutta-percha Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C35/0222—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould the curing continuing after removal from the mould
Definitions
- My improvements in the mode or modes of insulating the conductors used in submarine telegraph-cables and for other telegraphic and telephonic purposes consist in first covering the tinned-copper conducting wire or wires with india-rubber and india-rubber compound in the same way as used in that known as Hoopers core, and then vulcanizing the india rubber covered conductor in ozocerite, parafline, or other similar hydrocarbons.
- the paraffiue may be subjected to pressure by means of a force-pump; but the vapor of the paraffine in the cure will exert sufficient pressure.
- the vessel may be heated by steam or other means.
- the inductive capacity is much decreased, and the speed of telegraphin g consequently much increased.
- it may be heated in any other way in an ordinary vessel with fire under it, and it may be treated in the heated ozocerite without being previously dried after curing, as the hot ozocerite will dry out the moisture and take its place; but I prefer the core being previously dried.
- Vulcanized india-rubber as at present manufactured, slowly absorbs Water, and thus loses its insulating properties, and when used where it is alternately ⁇ vetand dry this absorption takes place very rapidly, and the core, in the course of two or three months, becomes quite useless. This has been found to be the case invariably when laid uir der ground, and in the parts of shore-end cables, where subject to the ebb and flow of the tide, and a gutta-percha-covered wire becomes deteriorated when placed under ground, not through absorbing moisture, buti'rom becoming dry or oxidizing.
- I claim 1 The improvements in the mode or modes of insulating telegraph or other electrical conductors for telegraph-cables, telephones, and other purposes, consisting of the combined process of first covering the wires with indiarubber and then vulcanizing the same in ozocerite, par-affine, or similar hydrocarbon, as set forth.
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
WILLIAM 'I. HENLEY, OF PLAISTOVV, COUNTY OF ESSEX, ENGLAND.
MODE OF INSULATING ELECTRICAL CONDUCTORS.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 239,776, dated April 5, 1881.
Application filed February 2, 1881. (No specimens.) Patented in England November .26, 1875.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, WILLIAM Tnoams HENLEY, of Plaistow, in the county of Essex, England, have invented new and useful Improvements in the Mode or Modes of Insulatin g Electrical Conductors, applicable to all telegraphic and telephonicpurposes, (for which I have obtained a patent in Great Britain datediZGthNovember, 1875, No. 4,115,) of which the following is a specification.
My improvements in the mode or modes of insulating the conductors used in submarine telegraph-cables and for other telegraphic and telephonic purposes, consist in first covering the tinned-copper conducting wire or wires with india-rubber and india-rubber compound in the same way as used in that known as Hoopers core, and then vulcanizing the india rubber covered conductor in ozocerite, parafline, or other similar hydrocarbons. For this latter purpose I use a double vessel or steam-jacketed cylinder, the outer vessel or jacket only being charged with steam, the inner, in which the core is placed, being charged with the hot ozocerite, pa *aftine, or other similar substance, which is heated by the steam in the jacket.
The paraffiue may be subjected to pressure by means of a force-pump; but the vapor of the paraffine in the cure will exert sufficient pressure. I prefer using more sulphur in the outer coating of india-rubber compound of the core than when cured in the ordinary way; or, after the coreis cured in the usual way, by high-pressure steam, then I completely dry all the moisture out of it by any ordinary means, or place it in the steam-jacketed cylinder for that purpose, and when quite dry the core is placed in a vessel with heated ozocerite or other similar hydrocarbon, until the pores are thoroughly closed, the core becoming much larger by the amount of ozocerite absorbed. The vessel may be heated by steam or other means. When thus heated the inductive capacity is much decreased, and the speed of telegraphin g consequently much increased. Instead ofheating the ozocerite by steam, it may be heated in any other way in an ordinary vessel with fire under it, and it may be treated in the heated ozocerite without being previously dried after curing, as the hot ozocerite will dry out the moisture and take its place; but I prefer the core being previously dried.
The advantages of thus treating the indiarubber core are: Vulcanized india-rubber, as at present manufactured, slowly absorbs Water, and thus loses its insulating properties, and when used where it is alternately \vetand dry this absorption takes place very rapidly, and the core, in the course of two or three months, becomes quite useless. This has been found to be the case invariably when laid uir der ground, and in the parts of shore-end cables, where subject to the ebb and flow of the tide, and a gutta-percha-covered wire becomes deteriorated when placed under ground, not through absorbing moisture, buti'rom becoming dry or oxidizing.
No material of which I am aware has as yet been found suitable for subterranean lines of telegraph or telephone; but by these improvements india-rubber core can be made which shall remain perfect for any length of time, whether used for land or sea lines.
I claim 1. The improvements in the mode or modes of insulating telegraph or other electrical conductors for telegraph-cables, telephones, and other purposes, consisting of the combined process of first covering the wires with indiarubber and then vulcanizing the same in ozocerite, par-affine, or similar hydrocarbon, as set forth.
2."Ihe employment ot'ozocerite or equivalent hydrocarbon for vulcanizing insulated telegraph and telephone conductors, as set forth.
\VILLIAM THOMAS HENLEY.
Witnesses:
F. Banner,
33 Chancery Lane. J. WATT,
17 Graccchurch Street, London.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US239776A true US239776A (en) | 1881-04-05 |
Family
ID=2309120
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US239776D Expired - Lifetime US239776A (en) | henley |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US239776A (en) |
Cited By (15)
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USD925821S1 (en) | 2019-07-30 | 2021-07-20 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Accessory for aerosol generator |
USD926367S1 (en) | 2020-01-30 | 2021-07-27 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Accessory for aerosol generator |
USD928393S1 (en) | 2018-10-15 | 2021-08-17 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Aerosol generator |
USD930893S1 (en) | 2015-09-21 | 2021-09-14 | British American Tobacco (Investments) Limited | Aerosol generator |
US11134717B2 (en) | 2015-06-26 | 2021-10-05 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Apparatus for heating smokable material |
US11141548B2 (en) | 2016-07-26 | 2021-10-12 | British American Tobacco (Investments) Limited | Method of generating aerosol |
USD953613S1 (en) | 2019-03-13 | 2022-05-31 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Aerosol generator |
USD977705S1 (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2023-02-07 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Aerosol generator |
USD977706S1 (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2023-02-07 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Aerosol generator |
USD977704S1 (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2023-02-07 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Aerosol generator |
USD986483S1 (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2023-05-16 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Aerosol generator |
USD986482S1 (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2023-05-16 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Aerosol generator |
USD989384S1 (en) | 2021-04-30 | 2023-06-13 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Aerosol generator |
USD990765S1 (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2023-06-27 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Aerosol generator |
US11937629B2 (en) | 2016-05-13 | 2024-03-26 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Apparatus for heating smokable material |
-
0
- US US239776D patent/US239776A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US11700883B2 (en) | 2015-06-26 | 2023-07-18 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Apparatus for heating smokable material with a hollow tube located in a chamber at an end distal insertion opening |
US11134717B2 (en) | 2015-06-26 | 2021-10-05 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Apparatus for heating smokable material |
USD930893S1 (en) | 2015-09-21 | 2021-09-14 | British American Tobacco (Investments) Limited | Aerosol generator |
US11937629B2 (en) | 2016-05-13 | 2024-03-26 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Apparatus for heating smokable material |
US11141548B2 (en) | 2016-07-26 | 2021-10-12 | British American Tobacco (Investments) Limited | Method of generating aerosol |
USD945695S1 (en) | 2018-10-15 | 2022-03-08 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Aerosol generator |
USD928393S1 (en) | 2018-10-15 | 2021-08-17 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Aerosol generator |
USD963239S1 (en) | 2019-03-13 | 2022-09-06 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Aerosol generator |
USD953613S1 (en) | 2019-03-13 | 2022-05-31 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Aerosol generator |
USD972202S1 (en) | 2019-07-30 | 2022-12-06 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Accessory for aerosol generator |
USD929650S1 (en) | 2019-07-30 | 2021-08-31 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Accessory for aerosol generator |
USD943167S1 (en) | 2019-07-30 | 2022-02-08 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Accessory for aerosol generator |
USD925821S1 (en) | 2019-07-30 | 2021-07-20 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Accessory for aerosol generator |
USD1005572S1 (en) | 2019-07-30 | 2023-11-21 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Circular interface for aerosol generator |
USD1002922S1 (en) | 2019-07-30 | 2023-10-24 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Circular interface for aerosol generator |
USD943166S1 (en) | 2019-07-30 | 2022-02-08 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Accessory for aerosol generator |
USD926367S1 (en) | 2020-01-30 | 2021-07-27 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Accessory for aerosol generator |
USD986483S1 (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2023-05-16 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Aerosol generator |
USD990765S1 (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2023-06-27 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Aerosol generator |
USD986482S1 (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2023-05-16 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Aerosol generator |
USD977704S1 (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2023-02-07 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Aerosol generator |
USD977706S1 (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2023-02-07 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Aerosol generator |
USD977705S1 (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2023-02-07 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Aerosol generator |
USD989384S1 (en) | 2021-04-30 | 2023-06-13 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Aerosol generator |
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