US2389980A - Locomotive exhaust nozzle - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 27, 1945. J. w. HULSON LOCOMOTIVE EXHAUST NOZZLE Filed June 1, 1944 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 NIH/i JWHu Zson.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 J. W. HULSON LOICOMOTIVE EXHAUST NOZZLE "lied June 1 1944 Nov. 27, 1 945.

Patented Nov. 27, 1945 LOCOMOTIVE EXHAUST NOZZLE John W. Hulson, Chicago, Ill., assignor to Hulson Company, Keokuk, Iowa, a corporation of Iowa Application June 1, 1944, Serial No. 538,288

Claims.

A well known type of locomotive exhaust nozzle comprises briefly, a hollow cylindrical body having a radially corrugated upper end providing it with circumferentially spaced radial ridges and with radial valleys between said ridges. Ports for upwardly discharging the exhaust steam, open through the ridges, and blower ports open through the bottoms of the Valleys. The nozzle is manufactured with exhaust steam discharge ports of the maximum size ever needed, and a central plate of one size or another is secured upon the aforesaid body to overlap more or less I of these ports to reduce their effective size, in a locomotive requiring that they be of less than said maximum size for best results.

While generally desirable and efiicient, the above described nozzle is open to improvement in certain respects, as will now be explained.

Wh'en testing for steam leaks in pipes, superheaters, nozzle stands, etc., the exhaust steam ports of the nozzle are temporarily sealed to prevent steam emission, and water is then admitted under pressure, with the result that any leaks will permit discharge of water and may be located. Such testing, however, does not locate any leaks in the means for conducting the steam, for stand-by draught, to the blower ports, nor does it test the cast nozzle body for sand holes and the like which would permit blower steam to escape, and leaks of this nature should also be located and repaired to insure proper nozzle operation.

The central plate above mentioned (for exhaust steam port reduction) is a circular disk and it not; only overlaps the inner ends of the exhaust steam ports but also overlaps the inner ends of the aforesaid valleys, interfering with smooth travel of the products of combustion in these valleys for entrainment with the blasts of steam emitted from the nozzle. Even when the locomotive is equipped with a modern tuyere-type grate which materially reduces the entrainment of cinders with the escaping products of combustion, some cinders still pass the screen and/or other arresting means and reach the exhaust nozzle, where such turbulence occurs that they inflict serious abrasion or cinder cutting, often cutting through portions of the aforesaid radial ridges and enlarging the exhaust steam discharge ports, seriously afiectin the locomotive draught.

The present invention aims to so improve the exhaust nozzle construction as to permit easy testing of the steam conducting means leading to the blower ports, and testing of the nozzle casting for leaks from these ports, as well as testing of passages, etc., leading to the exhaust steam discharge ports; and to provide a construction in which the products of combustion and cinders suspended therein may become more smoothly entrained with the steam blasts from the noZZle to materially diminish cinder cutting of said O nozzle.

With the foregoing in view, the invention resides in the novel subject matter hereinafter described and claimed, description being accomplished by reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a top plan view of the improved nozzle, part of the central member being broken away to show the full radial length of the exhaust steam discharge ports.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation.

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view on line 3-3 of Fig, 1.

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view on the plane of line 4--4 of Fig. l but showing all of the ports closed by means of a asket and plate, for test purposes.

In the drawings above briefly described, a preferred construction has been illustrated and while that construction will be rather specifically described, variations may be made within the scope of the invention as claimed.

The hollow cylindrical body 5 is provided at its lower end with lugs 6 for bolting to the usual nozzle stand or table plate, and the upper end of said body is radially corrugated, providing it with circumferentially spaced radial ridges l and with radial valleys 8 between said ridges. The central portion 9 of the upper end of the body 5, and the top faces ID of the ridges I are all flat and are disposed in a single horizontal plane. The valleys 8 are of V-form, are relatively deep at their outer ends, and gradually decrease to insignificant depth at their inner ends. The exhaust steam discharge ports II open through the flat top faces ID of the ridges l and this is also true of the blower ports I2, said ports [2 being disposed at the outer ends of said ports I l and leading upwardly from a circular steam duct iii in the side wall M of the body 5. At I5, two internally tapped bosses are shown, either of which is plugged at It and the other of which is for connection with the usual blower pipe.

Secured upon the flat central portion 9 of the upper end of the body 5, is a conical deflector ll, the base of which overlaps the inner ends of the ports H to reduce the effective size of said with the shallow inner ends of the valleys 8. In the present showing, the deflector I1 is formed from a major upper section l9 and a minor lower section 20. If less port reduction be required, section 20 may be omitted and section [9 secured directly upon the body 5, or if more port reduction be necessary, a larger section may be substituted for said section 20. In each instance, there will; be. a: peripherally grooved conical de. flector upon the body with its grooves. communicating with the valleys 8 to smoothly guide products of combustion and any cinders therein to the blasts of steam discharged through the, ports ll. Moreover, the conical deflector- I"!- prevents the creation of violent eddy currents: in theinnerportions of the steam blasts. flowing upwardy around the edge of the base of said deflector, whereas such eddy currents have been present when simply using a flat plate for port reduction, and have contributed to such turbulence of the products of combustion and cinders therein as to cause serious cinder cutting ofthenozzle. The deflector I is secured to the body by a central cap screw 2|, the head ofwhich is ecated in a socket 22- in the upper end of said member, for protection. When this screw is removed, the section may be removed, and a larger section can be substituted if necessary, or

both sections l9'and 20' may be removed whenever-a test for leakage is to be made. For test-- ing, a fiat gasket 23 andflat plate 24' may be clamped by a screw 25 upon the flat horizontal upper. end of the body 5 as seen in-Fig'. 4; simultaneously closing allof the ports H and [2i Then steam under pressure may be used to test the entire nozzle and all water conducting means leading thereto.

From the foregoing and the accompanying drawings, it will be seen that novel provision has been made for attaining the desired ends, and attention is again invited to the possibility of making variations within the scope of the invention as claimed.

I claim;

1. A locomotive exhaust nozzle comprising a hollow cylindrical bodyhaving a radially corrugated upper end. providing it. with circumferentially spaced radial ridges and with radial valleys between said ridges, the upper faces of said ridges being, all fiat and disposed in a single horizontal plane, said' upper end. of said body having a solid central portion. and radially arranged steam discharge ports opening through said flat upper faces of said ridges; the peripheral wall of said body having a circumferential steam duct", an inlet for said duct, and blower ports, the latter being formed in the outer portions of said ridges beyond. the outer ends ofsaid steam discharge ports, said blower ports leading,

upwardy from said duct and opening through said flat upper faces of said ridges, all portions of said upper end of said body being at least as low as said flat upper faces of said ridges and a cone-shaped deflecting member secured on said solid central portion of the upper end of the body.

2. A locomotive exhaust nozzle comprising a hollow. cylindrical body having a radially corrugatedi upper end providing-1 it. witlr circumferentially spaced radial ridges and with radial valleys between said ridges, said valleys being relatively deep at their outer ends and being inclined to insignificant depth at their inner ends, said body having. steam discharge ports opening through said. ridges, and; a central member secured upon said body and, overlapping the inner ends of said ports; said central member having peripheral grooves communicating with the shallow inner ends of said radial valleys.

3. A locomotive exhaust nozzle comprising a hollow: cylindrical body having a radially corrugated upper end" providing it with circumferentia-lly' spaced radial ridges and withradial vall'ey-s between said ridges, said valleys being relatively deep-at their outer ends and being inclined to insignificant depth at their inner ends, saidbody: having steam discharge ports" opening through said ridges, and a conicaldeflector securedupon the central portionof said upper end of said body, the base of said conical deflector overlapping the-inner ends ofsaid' ports to reducethe efiective size thereof, said conical deflector having vertical peripheral grooves the lower ends of which are in direct communication with the shallow inner ends of said radial valleys.

i A structure as specifiedinclaim 3; saidconical deflector being composed of an upper majorsection and a lower minor section, thelatter' ofwhich may be removed when less reduction of said ports is desired.

5. A locomotive exhaust nozzle comprising aholl'ow cylindrical body having a radially corrugated upper end providing it with circumferentially spaced radial ridges and with radial valleys between said ridges; the upper" faces of saidridges beingall fiat and disposed in a: single horizontal plane, said upper end of said body having steam discharge ports openingthrough said fiat upper faces of said ridges; the peripheral wall of said body having a circumferential steam duct, aninlet for said duct and blower ports leading upwardly from" said duct and opening through said flat upper faces of said ridges; all portions of said upper end of said body being at least as low as said flat upper faces of said ridges for the purpose set forth.

JOHN W. I-HJLSON.

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