US2377528A - Stabilizing means for double-wall constructions - Google Patents

Description

June 5,` 1945. B. G. SFENCER STABILIZING MEANS FOR DOUBLE-WALL CONSTRUCTIONS Filed Nov. 12, 1945 3 Sheets-Sheet l MM M www0@ m INI l'EN TOR.

Jue 5, 1945. B. G. SPENCER STABILIZING MEANS FOR DOUBLE-WALL CONSTRUCTIONS Filed Nov. 12, 1943 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN1/EN TOR. GT fzc P June 5, 1945. l B. G. SPENCER STABILIZING MEANS FOR DOUBLE-WALL CONSTRUGTIOIIS4 Filed Novf l2, 1943 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 illlll"I IHHHII lllHl/'Ilhl Mill Il.

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hilhll Y 1N V ENTOR. 3&5 @1j/0622667 sanctuary-wats is that they Patented June s, 1945 `CONS'IRUClIONS` j` Basil G. Spenceigliondon, England;assignortoA t BgelWLiPtazk Corporation, Detroit, Mich., `'corporationmofltiichigan; t

' Q Applicationhqvemter 12,1943, serialNatcs/,asi anonima (01.724101) The presentl invention relates to lining, facing; baille 4orbrickwork walls or jointed panelling, or thelike fbuilding constructions (hereinaftery referred to"asa` secondary-wall) adapted `tobe erected adjacent to; orsfpaced from, amain or primaryLwalll l" t t I t. An object of the linventionis to provide means for `supporting relationshipto a, primary-wall; leven though the thinness of the secondaryewalljis such that it would normally betlunstable, and a further object is to supply such a secondary'wall which istunaffected by local movement or displacement, such for example as occasioned by expansion and contractionl undery considerable temperature changes likely tofbelnet'vvith under conditions which exist in furnace or heating chamber constructions.

According to the invention* each stabilizing member comprises ma heat-resisting, flat metaln plate `having at one end hook or other means for such a secondary-wall ini stable t engaging the primary-walllorthe frameworkof a suspended wall and havingytowards itsl other endv a pair okfabutrnentmembersprojecting transversely "atright-angles to the stabilizing 4plate member and 'spaced sc as ito engage the front and rearA faces "of "the f secondary-wall.

These` stabilizing plate members are preferably slottedandhaveportions stamped orpressed up t @more meer deathably pesieomng the abutment plates; or atleast one thereofe and fior providing sajid yhook or other securing Inieans.`

w'lo 4enable tiipsemtequainted `with this mit@ fulltr understand the invention? and the advanf tages accruinlgfqfrm" itsemploymentya present Ithas `been found-in practicethatlining or baiile Walls,` Whcharebuiltup in the usual inanner depending mainly' on gravity for the stability,`

required to be substantially,thickQtthich renders `them subject to unequalexpansion and contraction, `dueto their thickness,` when `subjected to diil'eringl temperatureg conditions throughout their mass, which may,` result in defectiveV joints t One ofV the essential features fof seoondarylin they shallforin an impervious screento gases and consequently` thick seconijlaryfWallsr `are `to Vbe avoided ,Where gas-.tightness is required and such walls should t be triade as thin t as possible coin- -patble with manufacturing practicabilitjy.`

t UA further advantage of comparatively-thin afford `relatively litttleheat-storage"eapacity and consequently repllrsent a Isavingofffuel and lan increase'tof efficiency in starting up or making" temperature vc lnemges.l t 1 t l I The` invention `may be "incorporated in Y refractoryrvfurnace-Walls"ofthe type known'as` fsuspended-vyallszlfformed Aof4 `relatively-thick t bricks or-` blocks" suspendedor detachably hooked or keyed upon a. metal frameworkhaving horizontal a manner that the secondary-wall may be thin, `by

the brcksloribloels of whichlthefsecondary-wall ,ist` composed and havingl `retainingabutment .meansadapted to-engage the front andrear faces of such secondary bricks or` blocks.

t, The .invention relates 4toa secondaryl-yvallfad- A,jacent to orspaced fromv a primary-wall in -such preferredferrlbodimyent `thereofis illustrated inthe accornpanifirlgl"Hlratvirigsyj` lforming a ipart of this Sbeccation and to which` jreference should `be had in connection with "the" following detailed description. t t

t In these drawings:

` ing or balewalls 'for furnaces andttheflke vis that Figurevlfis al fragmentary, ,vertical sectional viewfthrugh'affurnaceewall `embodying the invention, the novel `stabilfzingmerlnbersy being appliedV to'a suspendedjfurn'ace primary-Wall `of "the eharacterlhereinbefore indicated, the upper por- "FigurefB is alperspectivefview (it1 `one of the,

,st bilizingeplates andl its" Aabiittnent-plates acf cordingytowone forrnyofthe invention; 1 f

`Figure `4.is asideielevation ofthe structureil Y lustrated in Fure and "Figureis an elevation cf one ofthe abutf ment or'ilate members shown as extending at right-angles -from the stabilizing-@plate niernber presentedin Figure 3.

t 5 In carrying `thelfcurrent invention into effect,

according to one mededescribed by `Wayof examplewas applied tonta fsuspendedyiurnace primary-Wall.' and `in Y,a .manner adapted t to provide acavity orpassage lchamber zbetweenlthe primary .and secondaryl walls; for the accommodation of pipes or tubes, the primarywall is shown as ycom-` prising insulationblocks .I IJ, rlll hooked and lgeyed 4betweenhorizontal,drietal-framemembers ll,` .Il t

carried `on"vertical, supporting posts or channels l2, l2,` oiwhichlonlyoneistshowmgby means of bolts`l3, I 3` which extend through apertures in e t 2,377,528 t the metal-casing I4, such primary-wall also including intermediate insulation-blocks I5, I5 and an outer wall composed of insulation blocks I6.

Each horizontal, metal-frame member II, of general channel cross-section, has a longitudinal, upstanding flange I1 along its outer part and a depending flange I8 along its inner part, flange I1 extendingupwai'dly into a cavityy I9 along the outer lower part of the corresponding blocks III, flange I8 `projecting downwardly into a slot 2| in the top of the corresponding or next lower blocks IIJ intermediate between their inner. and

wardly from its lower edge a distance correspondng to that from the lower end of either slot 34 or 35 to the bottom edge of plate 21.

To reduce the weight of such abutment-plates each has its opposite, vertical edges recessed at 49, 49.

When plate 46 is in slot 34, and plate 21 is in slot`48 as presented injhiguregit,is'backed up and maintained in proper position by engaging the edges of the plurality of registered projec- ' Jtions 36, 31, 38 and 39, and also, when the companion plate 41 `is in slot 35, it is sustained in outerv face's, the upper flange I1 convenientlycon stituting means forsecuring or holding in vposi- 'tion the stabilizing-plate vmembers to'be described below.

The vsecondary-wall, illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, is composed o superposed,lthin,'building blocks, tiles or panels 22, 22, the upper and lower faces of which are formed or moulded with .mortice andftenon or other keyingv or interengagingmeansZB.

lThe blocks or tiles 22 are erected to constitute thesecondary-wall located in appropriate spaced relationshipy forwardly` from` the primary-wall block I0 and I5 so vthat an upright space or cavity 25 is provided within which pipes or tubesA 29 for the conveyance of water or otherliquid or air or gas to be heated, are accommodated. Secondary-wall, relatively-thin, stabilizing members lor plates 21 .are provided, preferably` at 28 and 9v to reduce weight, and an inwardly-extended,

apertured each of these'comprsesv flat metal-plate, as shown in Figure 4, formed from sheet-metal which at one end has ,been shaped and stampedto providefa longitudinal hook-member .3l having -ari 'extension'.32 projecting laterally from the downwardly-directed portion Iof the hook, the. corresponding end of plate 21 having a` portion 33projectedV therefrom laterally in the direction opposite to that lof part 32. l

Hook 3l and its transverse extension' 32 are adapted to engagebehind the`flange I1 `ofthe norizontai bar Il (Fig. 1i while the portion 33 7 bridges thefront face of the corresponding, horizontal, `metal frame-'member `I I as shown in Figures l1 and 2 lying against the edges of the two parallel flanges ofthe channel-member II.

Near itslfopposite" end, plate 21 has a pair of parallel slotsY 3 4, 35Y extended` downwardly from its upper edge and' the" plate is further cut and bent to providetwo sets of four-each of horizontal laterally-extended lugs3$,"31, 38, and 39 and 4I, 42, 43, and 44,.alterna te lugs of each set pro- "jecting in oppositedirections from the vertical plane of the plate, 'one .edge of alllugs of one set being in register with the corresponding edge of slot I34 and one edgeA of all ofthe lugs of the other set being in the register with lthe adjacent edgeof the other slot 35, all as is clearly illustrated in Figure 4. y

As is fully shown, the distance between the ad jacent edges of the two groups of lugs'is substantially the same as the thickness of the blocks or tiles 22 of the secondary-wall.

In addition; the portion of plate21lbetween the two vertical spaced'rows`-offlugs, has an opening 45 to accommodate the lateral keying or interengaging means 24 `on the vertical edges of the blocks 22(1iig.k 2). y

Each plate 2 1 is supplied with two abutmentplates 45 and 41, which may be alike,'each having a central slot 48f Fig-` 5) vof a width toaccommodate lthe thickness'of plate 21 and extending upposition and bolstered up by contact with the edges lof the other group of vertically-aligned lugs 4'I,' 42, 43 and 44. g In "erecting the primary and secondary walls, the blocks are iltted together and between each ofthevertical joints of the secondary-wall and the appropriate joints of the primary-wall one of fthe plates 21 is introduced and hooked over the orrespondine flange. l1 as Yportrayed infieure l i ,e The abutment-plate' 46 may be. already in por stion on plate 21 to lassist inbedding the added blocks v22 in position, and after thef'next blocks have been placed above those already in place, the abutment-plate 41 yis slippedinto position in iront of the secondary-,wall blocks. Q.

From`the` foregoing jitfwill be apparent4 that vthe secondary-wall blocksjare definitely positioned and stabilized atv their rear faces by the plate 46 and tied at their vfrontiaces by the abutment-platen. K V

lThe erectionoiA the wall is continued with the insertion ofthe `stabilizing 'plates 21 intovertical joints at each course of the secondary blocksand preferably inV the region of the" horizontal joints thereof. f v

It will be appreciated that, by reason ofthe planes of the vplates 21 lying. in the planes ofthe vertical joints of the blocks, the plates not nterfere with the vertical expansion and contraction of the respectivewalls andwill befunaifect'e'd by such movements,'while lateral expansion and contraction movementsofr the wall are accommodated by the transverse flexibility of the relatively-thin plates 21. v l f It will be realized that,y by making .theabutment- plates 46 and 41 and the plate 21 vmutually slotted,I either of the abutment-plates' can be removed by sliding it vertically and this is particularly vconvenient in reference to the Vfront be stamped out 'with tongueswhich willv afford lsupporting areas equivalent tothe plate 43cm either side, or on both sides, of the plane of the plate 21. y 'V According to a modiiication, the plate" 21`-niay be vformed with apertures through whichfwed'ges,

split-pins or the like may be introduced toserve as abutment members.

Further the hook means Bland 33 may breplaced by'vother `means adapted to engage 'the framework of the primary-wall or engage the rear 'surface of the blocks or slots therein." i

Tnestabiiizing pistes in normal circumstances may be 'constructed ofvery light metal and may 2,377,528 be as thin as 11g", or less and the metal of which they are composed should be such as to have the necessary heat-resisting properties to withstand temperatures` obtained in heater, drier or combustion chambers, for example, the metal employed for these plates may be nickelchrome steel.

By making the stabilizing-plates Verythin, it

will be appreciated that very little space inthe cavity 25 is occupied thereby, enabling th vertical pipes or tubes `2li to be installed in as closely spaced relation as may be required, and further `itwill be understood that the thin plates offer no appreciable obstruction to the passage of any gases which may be caused to pass upwardly or downwardly in the space` 25 for `heating the tubes 26.` f

I The longitudinal and `transverse dimensions `of the plates maybe varied as desired and should be designed to accord withthe position and purpose of the secondary-Wall to afforda doublecavitized wall or a` double Wallin which the secondary-wall is adjacent to or Vcontigucusfto the primary-wall. y The blocks of the secondary-wall may be of the same material asthose of the primary-wall or` `such may be ofa, different material according to requirements. i

` both faces of, such stabilizing-plate and against engaging the outersurface of said bar, (c) a plate integral with and bent out of the plane of said stabilizing-plate and bearing on Vthe inner face of such bar Vand projecting from said stabilizing-plate in the direction opposite from said extension, (d) a' first abutment-plate on, at a right-angle to the plane of, and projecting from which the outer surface of said secondary-wall bears, said stabilizing-plate having (c) lateral lugs integral with and bent out of its plane and backing up said abutment-plate, and (f) a second abutment-plate on, `and at a right-angleto, the

plane of, and demountable from, said stabilizingplate and bearing against the inner surface of `said secondary-wall.

2. A stabilizing-plate for use in a double-wall construction to stabilize a secondary-wall thereof spaced inwardly from a primary-wall-thereofby engagement with the framework supporting the primary-wall, said stabilizing-plate embodying the novel improvements (a) that it is of sheetmetal, (b) that its primary-wall end portion has a hook adaptedrto engage a horizontal portion of said framework, (c) that said hook has a lateralextension bent out of the plane of the plate adapted to bear on the outer face of said horizoni tal portion of the framework, (d) that ithas a ,'I'hus, for instance, in the case of a lining for a furnace of the secondary-blocks may be of dense rebrick forming a protective-covering to the` `softer or insulating brickwork of the primarywall. i

, Iclaim: i

i 1. In a known type of double-wall construction having an upright framework including vertically-spaced horizontal-bars, an outer primarywallvmounted on and supported by said `framework, an inner'secondary-wall spaced inwardly from said primary-wall and having superimposed panels in the same plane, and means securing said secondary-wah to said framework, said securing means including the novel combination of al plurality of sheet-metal stabilizing-plates i extending longitudinally inwardly from said framework, the outer end portion ofieach said stabilizing-plate` having (a) a hook integral therewith to engage over one of said horizontalv bars, (b) a lateral extension on and integral with said hook bent out of the plane of said hook and lateral-plate bent out of the plane of the stabilizing-plate adapted to engage the inner face of said horizontal portion, (e) that said extension andlateral plate project in opposite directions from the plane of the stabilizing-plate, (f) that the secondary-wall portion ofthe `stabilizingplatehas a pair of independent transverse: abutment-plates spaced apart lengthwise the stabilizing-plate a `distance substantially the lsame as thethickness of saidsecondary-wall and adapted to engage the opposite faces of the secondarywall, said abutment-plates projectingoutwardly from both faces of the stabilizing-plate, the innermost one of said abutment-plates being demountable from said stabilizing-plate'by reason of a slotted `connection therewith, and (y) that it l has lateral lugs bent out of its plane in opposite directions and adapted to bear against and back up said abutment-plate nearest the hook-end of the stabilizing-plate.

BAsIL G. SPENCER.

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