US2376997A

US2376997A - Calculating machine

Info

Publication number: US2376997A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1945-05-29
Anticipated expiration: 1962-05-29

Description

May 29, 1945.

c. M. FRIDEN ETAL CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Sept. 23,- 1942 8 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTORS Car/ M Fr/den 6502 C f/Aerbeck ATTORNEY May 29, 1945- c. M. FRIDEN ETAL CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Sept. 23, 1942 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEY c. M. FRIDEN ETAL CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Sept. 23, 1942 May 29, 1945.

8 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTORS Car/ #1 Fr/den k M e N b a r o w T I m 6 w. m m 6 Y CALCULATING MACHINE 8 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Sept. 25, 1942 ENTORS y 1945- c. M. FRIDEN ET AL CALCULATING MACHINE 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Sept. 23, 1942 m mH-hum N NWN ATTOQN EY y 1945' c. M. FRIDEN ET AL 2,376,997

CALCULATING MACHIHE Filed Sept. 23, 1942 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 km W HFHH May c. M. FRIDEN ET AL 2,376,997

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Sept. 23, ,1942 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 $3 QEEQ INVENTQR5 Lar/ M f'rxaen BY Gran! C. [Her/beck ATTORNEY Patented May 29, 1945 CALCULATING MACHINE Carl M. Friden, Pleasanton, and Grant 0. Ellerbeck, .San Leandro, CaliL, asslgnors to Frlden Calculating Machine 00., Inc., a corporation of California Application September 23, 1942, Serial No. 459,372

6 Claims.

This invention relates to calculating machines and is concerned more particularly with provision of improved multiplying mechanism therefor.

It i the general object of the invention to provide a multiplier mechanism for a calculating machine in which a constant multiplier may be employed.

Another object of the invention is to provide improved multiplier mechanism of the character referred to above in which the multiplier selecting mechanism can be set to the same multiplier value for a desired number of calculations.

Another object of the invention is to provide a multiplier mechanism of the character referred to above, which is simple in construction and which can be incorporated with a conventional multiplier selection mechanism with a minimum redesign of the parts.

Other objectsand advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment as illustrated in the vaccompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 5 is a sectional view of the multiplier mechanism taken as indicated by the line 55 in Figure 1.

Figure 6 is a sectional elevation of the multiplier mechanism taken from the left side as indicated by the line 6-4 in Figure 1.

Figure 7 is a plan view of the multiplier selection mechanism with certain parts omitted and others shown in section.

Figure 8 is a horizontal sectional view taken as indicated by the line 8-8 in Figure 6.

, Figure 9 is a rear elevational view of the multiplier keyboard.

Figure 10 is an enlarged 'view of the multiplier selection carriage.

Figurell is a sectional view through the multiplier pin carriage taken as indicated by the line I|H in Figure 10.

Figure 12 is an enlarged view 01' the escapement mechanism of the multiplier selection mechanism.

.0! the parts.

Figure 13 is a view similar to Figure 12 showing GENERAL DESCRIPTION The invention is described as embodied in a conventional form of calculating machine as illustrated, for example, in the patent to Friden, #2,229,889, and the co-pending applications of Carl M. Friden, Serial #205,546, filed May 2, 1938;

and Carl M. Friden and Anthony B. Machado,

Serial #348,966, filed July 31, 1940.

Referring to Fig. 1, the machine includes body 12 comprising base I3 and casing I4 suitably secured thereon, and in which the actuating, selecting, and control mechanisms are mounted. Register carriage I6 is mounted for endwise shifting movement transversely of body 12 and carries numeral wheels I1 and ill of the accumulator and revolutions counter, respectively. Carriage Hi can be shifted by power in either direction by manipulation of respective shift keys [9, 20 through mechanism described hereinafter, or manually by manipulation of carriage release lever 2|.

Values are entered into the machine by depression of numeral keys 22 of the usual keyboard in the various ordinal rows thereof, keys 22 being releasable individually by depression of ordinal clear keys 22a, or collectively by depression of keyboard clear key 23. Values introduced into the machine may be registered additively or subtractively on accumulator numeral wheels I! by depression of plus key 25 or minus key 26, respectively, while the number of registrations or its complement can be entered in counter numeral wheels M by proper setting of control lever 21'. If desired, add key 24 may be depressedto cause clearing of the keyboard in the usual manner after a single registration in the accumulator.

Values registered in numeral wheels I1 and I8 can be erased, i. e., the registers can be zeroized, by manipulation of respective manually

operable resetting handles

28, 29, or by power through depression of either of return and clear keys 30 and 30a. Depression of key 30 (or key 30a) first effects return of carriage IE to its farthest left position and subsequently efiects resetting of accumulator numeral wheels I! alone, or both numeral wheels I! and counter numeral wheels I8 as selected by the setting of control lever 3|.

The machine is adapted to perform automatic plural order division by means of conventional Y construction including division starting control lever 32, and division stop lever 33 by means of which a division operation can be terminated at the end of any selected ordinal division. Automatic predetermined multiplication can also be performed by depression of multiplier selection keys 34 to set up the desired multiplier figure as indicated on dials 35, and by depression of one of positive and negative multiplication keys 36 or 3! to start, the multiplying operation. Where repeated use of a multiplier factor is desired, repeat key 38 is depressed so that a factor previously entered by keys 34 is retained for subsequent use. If it is desired to correct an erroneously entered multiplier figure or to remove a repeat multiplier figure, a multiplier correction key 39 may be depressed to zeroize the multiplier selection mechanism, The multiplier selection mechanism and the associated repeat control means form the principal subject matter of the instant invention, and are described later in detail.

Within casing l4, the frame includes left and right side lates 45, 46 (Figs. 1 and 2) which are suitably mounted on base l3 and are interconnected by various cross frame members including one or more tie rods 4'! and transverse brackets 48, 49 and 50 for supporting various mechanisms including the selecting and actuating mechanisms.

The values to be introduced into accumulator numeral wheels H are selected by means of a plurality of similar orders of conventional selecting mechanism associated with numeral keys 22. For this purpose each bank of keys 22 (Figure 2) cooperates with a pair of similar spring-urged value selecting slides in a conventional manner. Each slide 5| is connected at its rear end with a ten-tooth gear 52, slidably and non-rotatably mounted on square shaft 53 so that movement of the associated selecting slide positions the gear differentially with respect to the stepped teeth of the associated actuating cylinder 56. Each actuating cylinder 56 is mounted on a shaft 51 driven from a transverse drive shaft 58 having a cyclic clutch drive of the usual type from electric motor 59.

Each square shaft 53 slidably and non-rotatably carries a spool 6| bearing plus and minus gears at its ends for selective engagement with ten-tooth gear 62 at the lower end' of the shaft 63 carrying numeral wheel or dial [1.

For addition and subtraction, the number of cycles of operation may be controlled in the usual manner from the plus and minus keys and 26 while the ordinal relation of the accumulator with respect to the actuating mechanism, and consequently the point of entry of the values may be controlled by a suitable carriage shift mechanism under control of keys l9 and 20.

Numeral wheels l8 (Figure 3) of the revolutions counter register the number of actuations of the accumulator numeral wheels H in a conventional manner by the operation of counter actuator 82 as disclosed for example in said patent.

MULTIPLICATION MECHANISM The multiplication mechanism disclosed herein comprises means for performing predeternined plural order multiplying operations in which the respective multiplicand and multiplier figures are entered into the machine by respective keyboards. The respective keyboards with their associated mechanism, control the operation of the machine to perform the multiplication in accordance with the depression of the positive or negative multiplication keys to determine the sign character of the registration of the product in the accumulator. As is usual in this type of machine, the multlplicand keyboard comprises the conventional keyboard of the calculator which is used in other operations, while the multiplier keyboard is preferably of the so-called ten-key type which may be operated to set up successively the various digits of the multiplier.

Multiplier keyboard.Generally, the selection mechanism for the multiplier comprises a keyboard, which as shown is of the ten key type and a pin carriage associated therewith, having ten ordinal rows of settable stop pins and ten ordinal differentially adjustable elements in the form of racks in which digits of the multiplier may be set successively for subsequent control of the multiplying operation. In order to set up the multiplier digits, each pin row includes eight pins corresponding to l to 8 keys and a fixed stop corresponding to the 9 key, so that a depressed multiplier key operates through an associated selection lever to set the corresponding pin of an aligned ordinal row to active position. At the same time that a pin of the pin carriage is moved to active position, the aligned rack is released to move into engagement with the pin and thereby be set differentially in accordance with the value of the depressed key. Subsequently, the depressed key operates an escapement mechanism to move the pin carriage one ordinal ste with respect to the keyboard selection mechanism. In this manner as will be apparent from the following detailed description, the multiplier digits are set up in the multiplier selection mechanism, the setting operation beginning with the highest order digit of the multiplier in the embodiment illustrated.

Referring to Fig. 1, multiplier keys 34 from 1 to 9 are arranged in a square 3 by 3 relation, with zero key 34a located in front of the 1 to 9 keys.

Keys

34 and 34a are slidably mounted in upper and lower plates H and 12 (Fig. 5) of the multiplier keyboard and a suitable spring is provided about each ke stem to urge the key to its upper position where offset portion 13 thereof engages the lower surface of the upper plate I i. As seen in Fig. 5, the respective offset portions 13 of keys 34 are in parallel aligned relation for operating the multiplier escapement mechanism, which is referred to hereinafter. The l to 8 keys'34 also have their lowermost portions aligned in staggered fashion below plate 12 for cooperation with a row of selection levers for setting the pin carriage mechanism. A selection lever 16 (Fig. 5) is provided for each of the l to 8 keys 34. Each lever 16 is pivoted on transverse shaft 11 which is suitably supported in the frame and each lever 16 is guided in a slot in frame plate 18. Levers 16 are provided with upwardly projecting noses 18 disposed in an aligned relation with the multiplier keys for operation thereby.

Each selection lever 16 (Fig. 5) is provided at its lower end with an upwardly and rearwardly projecting pin setting finger 8| which extends through a suitable aperture in plate 18, the fingers 8| of the various levers 15 being disposed in a row. Each lever 16 normally seats against bracket 82 under the influence of a spring 83 tensioned between the bracket 82 and the lever.

Multiplier carriage.-As explained above, the shiftable pin carriage which controls the multiplying operation carries the ordinal rows of settable pins by means of which the multiplier digits are set into the machine, as well as the differentially settable racks, which are adjusted in accordance with the setting of the active pins and consequently the value of the multiplier digits. The machine illustrated has ten orders of pin rows and racks to provide for entry of a corresponding number of multiplier digits. When adjusted, the racks serve to display the selected multiplier value, and thereafter are returned successively in step by step fashion to their initial positions, and during such return control the operation of the, mechanism in accordance with the successive multiplier digits.

The pin carriage frame comprises spaced-apart similar side plates 86 (Figs. 10 and 11), respective upper and lower pin holding plates 81 and 38 extending between the lower ends of side plates 86 and having suitable end projections engaging corresponding slots, of plates 85. The frame assembly is held together by suitable tie rods 89. The pin carriage is mounted in the machine by rod 9| (Figs. 7 and 10) extending through aligned apertures of plates 86, and by roller 92 journalled by pin 93 on escapement rack bracket 84, which is secured by a plurality of suitable bolts on an ex of rows of aligned slots to receive pin IIlI for limited endwise sliding movement as determined by spaced apart pins I02 provided thereon between plates 81 and 88. Below plate 88 eachpin IIlI is provided with a transverse slot I93 for engagement by cam finger I04 in restoring the pin to its lower inactive position as shown in Fig. 11. The upper ends of the pins are of varying length to allow free movement of the associated settable rack past pins which are in their lower inactive position.

In order to latch a pin IilI (Fig. 10) in raised position, each pin is provided with latching notch I96 for cooperation with a V-shaped end portion of a slotted U-shaped spring plate I01, which is compressed between adjacent pins I III of a row and is held in place between side plates 85. A plate I01 is provided to cooperate with each transverse series of pins in the respective rows.

For each order of settable pins, the carriage is provided with a difierentially settable element in the form of a pivoted spring-actuated rack which is normally held in its position, and which can' be released to assume a differential adjustment in accordance with the pin of the associated row which is moved to active position by depression of a selected multiplier key. For this purpose, aplurality of ordinal axially aligned rack segments III (Figs. 10 and 11) are provided between side plates 86 of the carriage. Each rack segment III is journalled about a reduced bearing portion of av hub I I2. Hubs I I2 are apertured to receive fastening rod II3 by means of which the hubs are clamped in axially aligned position between side plates 86. Each rack segment III is provided with an ear II4 from which spring H5 extends around the associated hub II2 to transverse rod I I6, whereby each segment I I I is urged in a clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 10 by its associated spring II5.

Each segment III (Fig. 10) is provided with arcuate rack sector II1 having eleven teeth H8 spaced from lower and stop end II9, which normally engages the upper end of holding pawl I2I. The series of pawls I2I, one for each rack seg ment III, are pivoted on spacer shaft I22 extending between plates 86. Each pawl I2I is urged in a counter-clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 10 by spring I23 connected thereto, whereby in the position shown, the associated rack segment III is held in its 0 position.

Opposite rack sector II'I (Fig. 10) each segment I II is provided with an indicating'sector or dial 35 having numerals from 0 to 9, one of which becomes visible through a suitable sight opening in case I4 (Fig. 1) to display the value of a multiplier digit set into the machine, in accordance with the adjusted position of the segment. For the values "1 to 8 such adjusted position is controlled by the active pin IIII, while for the 9 position the upper end of sector 35 is adapted to engage cross rod I24, which provides a stop for the",9 position of the respective rack segments.

Means is provided for releasing rack segment II I of the active order of the pincarriage simultaneously with the movement of a pin to active position. Pawl I2I for releasing a rack segment III is moved to inactive position by means of arm I26 (Fig. 5) pivoted at I21 on plate 45 and having its upper end operatively related to the lower end of the aligned holding pawl I2I. Intermediate its ends, arm I26 is connected by link I28 with a lever I 29 pivoted at I3I on bracket 82 and having finger I32 at its forward end bent upwardly to extend through plate 12 to a position under rod I33 extending between spaced arms I34 (Figs. 5, 12'and 13) secured at the ends of rod I36 pivoted in suitable upturned ears of lower plate 12. Rod I33, as seen most clearly in Fig. 5, is associated with horizontal portions of key stems 13, whereby upon depression of any key, the rod I33 will be moved downwardly to engage finger I32 and thereby depress lever I29. The resulting counter-clockwise movement of lever I29 (Fig. 5) serves through link I28 to rock arm I26 and move the aligned pawl I2I to inactive position, whereby the aligned rack segment III is released at the same time that pin setting extension III of the selection lever 16 becomes active to project the pin IOI- into active position.

The above described mechanism is generally similar to that disclosed in said application Serial No. 205,546 and is operated by successive depression of multiplier keys 34 so that racks II I are set successively to the selected values, the pin carriage shifting one step to the left as viewed from the front of the machine for each depression of a multiplier key.

The selection carriage also includes means for maintaining. values set into the racks III for repeated setting of the racks to such values. Each rack III (Figs. 10 and 11) carries a plurality of flanged studs I31 spaced equal radial distances from the rack axis. Ring I33 is journalled about studs I31 of each rack III and is caused to follow clockwise setting movement of the associated rack by virtue of ofiset ear I39 which lies in front of an adjacent portion of rack III. Spring I is connected between each rack III and its associated ring I39 so that ring I34 will yieldably follow counter-clockwise movement of its associated rack. .Each ring I39 is provided with a series of ten equally spaced notches I42 corresponding to the zero to nine positions of racks III. The aligned notches I42 are engageable by an elongated locking tooth I43 pivoted on rod I24 which extends between carriage side plates 86. Arms I46 connect tooth I43 with rod I41 by means 0t which tooth I43 is moved into and out of engagement withnotches I42 as later described.

As previously explained, the pin carriage is movable step by step t ansversely of the machine in accordance with the number of multiplier digits entered. The pin carriage is normally in its right end position (Fig. '1) as viewed from the front of the machine with indicating sectors 35 to the right of and not visible through the associated sight opening. The condition shown in Figure 1 would obtain after successive depression of zero key 34a to move the pin carriage to its left end position so that all sectors 35 are in value displaying position. The pin carriage is spring-urged towards its left end position by means of horizontally disposed bell crank II (Fig. 8) which is pivoted at I52 on machine base I3 and has an upstanding arm I53 (Figs. 5 and 8) engaging right side plate 86 of the pin carriage. Another arm of bell crank I5I has spring I54 (Figs. 1 and 8) secured thereto whereby the bell crank is urged in counter-clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 8, and correspondingly, the pin carriage is urged from its right end position, which it occupies when no multiplier value is set in the machine.

Normally, the movement of the pin carriage under the influence of spring-urged bell crank I5I is prevented by means of bell crank stop pawl I6I (Figs. 9, l2 and 13) pivoted at I62 on an upstanding ear of lower keyboard plate 12 and urged upwardly by spring I63 into engagement with a tooth 98 of rack 94 as seen in Fig. 12. Pawl I6I carries pin I64 which lies beneath ear I66 of a second bell crank pawl I61 pivoted at I68 on lower plate 12. Spring I63 urges pawl I 61 counterclockwise. Pawl I61 is provided with an L- shaped slot I61a whose horizontal portion re ceives pin I69a carried by arm I69 on rod I1I journalled in spaced ears I12 of lower keyboard plate 12. Rod I1I carries an arm I13 at its opposite end lying under an end of rod I33 to be operated thereby. The vertical portion of slot I61a receives the adjacent end of rod I33 as viewed in Figure 12. Pawl arm I61 also carries laterally projecting tooth I14 which is normally positioned immediately above teeth 98 as shown in Figures 12 and 13, and is disposed for downward movement between the pair of teeth adjacent and to the right of that contacted by pawl Preferably, the escapement shift is performed in two stages, one stage occurring during depression of a multiplier key and the last stage occurring just before return of the key to raised position. When a multiplier key is depressed, shaft I1I is rocked by means of its arm I13 (Fig. 12) underlying key-operated rod I33, whereby arm I69 and pin I69a serve to rock pawl arm I61 about its pivot in a clockwise direction thereby simultaneously lowering tooth I14 of pawl arm I61 from the position shown in Figure 12 to overlap the adjacent rack tooth 98. During continued movement of pawl I61 its ear I66 engages pin I64 and rocks pawl I6I to disengage it from the associated tooth 98. As soon as the pawl I6I is disengaged from a tooth 88, the first stage of the shift step occurs and the pin carriage moves to the right as viewed in Figure 12 under the influence of the spring pressure thereon until a rack'tooth 98 engages tooth I14 of arm I61.

The movement of the pin carriage during this stage of a shift step corresponds to the space between the tooth I14 and the rack tooth 98 adjacent thereto, the movement being sufficient to position the previously active tooth 98 over the nose of pawl I6I but insufficient to allow engagement of the projected finger 8| (Fig. 11) with the next pin row. Subsequently, as the depressed multiplier key is released, the parts start their return from depressed position. Pawl I6I, however, is held depressed by the associated tooth 98 and cannot return upwardly with the other parts until the inclined face of tooth I14 has permitted shifting of the pin carriage for an amount to move the associated tooth 88 from over the pawl I6I so that the pawl I6I will work upwardly into engagement with the next tooth 98 to the left of the tooth with which it was engaged before depression of the multiplier key. Shortly before the depressed key is restored to its upper position, the one step shift is completed whereby all of the pin setting and escapement shift parts will also be restored to normal position and the carriage will be conditioned for a subsequent shifting movement.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that each time a multiplier key is depressed the aligned rack segment and selected pin of the pin carriage are set, while at the same time the carriage is escaped one step toward the left of the machine to display the set figure through the multiplier sight opening. This operation is repeated as the various digits of the multiplier are set into the machine. If a mistake is made in setting the multiplier digit such mistake can be corrected by resetting the multiplier racks as will be described hereinafter.

Multiplier rack restoring means.As previously stated, the differentially adjusted positions of racks I l I are utilized to control the number of registrations of the multiplicand in the accumulator, to shift the accumulator to the right after the multiplication by each multiplier digit to enable correct registration of the next ordinal product as well as to shift the pin carriage so that the next higher order rack III comes into controlling position with respect to the operation of the machine.

The operating mechanism for the racks III is conventional and comprises feed pawl I8I (Fig. 5) which, with the pin carriage in its right hand position, is located one ordinal step to the left thereof as viewed in Figure 7. As each rack is adjusted by depression of a multiplier key and the pin carriage escapes one step to the left, the adjusted rack moves into alignment with the actuating pawl I8I. Thus, after the complete multiplier is set into the machine, the last adjusted rack II I corresponding to the lowest digit of the multiplier will always be aligned with pawl I8I at the end of the multiplier setting operation.

Pawl I8I (Fig. 5) is pivotally secured at I82 at the end of arm I83 suitably pivoted on side plate 45. Pawl I8I is urged in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in Figure 5 by spring I84 tensioned between a pin on arm I83 and a lug I86 of pawl I8I which engages beneath arm I83 to limit the movement of pawl I8I under the influence of spring I84. Pawl I8I is normally held in inactive position as shown in Figure 5 by virtue of its upward extension I81 which is engaged by holding pawl I88 having a suitable pivotal support on the frame. Pawl I88 is held in the position shown in Figure 5-until depression of a multiplication operation key so that both feed pawl I8I and holding pawl I88 are maintained inactive until the multiplying operation is started.

In order to actuate pawl I8I, arm I83 (Figure is pivotally connected to cam follower I89 which engages a suitable cam (not shown) on the main drive shaft 58 as disclosed in said applications. During a multiplying operation pawl I8I is operated at the beginning of each cycle to restore the aligned rack III step by step to its inactive position. Rack III is always actuated one step more than the value to which it is set to provide for the shift cycle at the end of each ordinal multiplication. The lastmovement of the active rack at the end of its return to normal position enables holding pawl I2I to move into operative position relative to the associated rack I I I, as well as to control and determine shifting of the accumulator and the pin carriage to align the next higher order rack II I with the pawl I8I as described in said applications.

Pin carriage. shifting means.-As seen in Figures 5 and 10, the pin carriage is provided with a shift rack I9I secured on cross frame plate 81. Rack I9I is adapted for operation by an operating pawl I92 (Figure 5) carried by an eccentric portion of collar I93 which is slidable on and operated by drive shaft I94. Collar I93 normally positions pawl I92 below rack I9I as seen in Figure 5, but the collar and the pawl can be raised by a suitable operation of arm I95 on control shaft I96 to lift pawl I92 into the plane of rack I9I and effect a one-step shift of the pin carriage during a multiplying operation. The direction of this shift is towards the right as viewed in Figure '7. The shifting of the pin carriage is controlled in the course of a multiplying operation as described in said application Serial No. 205.546.

Multiplication control mechanism.-The -multiplication keys 36 and 31 (Figure 4) and the mechanism controlled thereby are of the character disclosed in said applications and so will not be described indetail. It is suflicient for the purposes of the present invention to understand that depression of either key 36 or 31 initiates operation of the multiplying mechanism to cause step-by-step return of the adjusted racks II I in sequence from the lowest through the highest order thereof, with a one-step shift of the accumulator and of the pin carriage occurring between each ordinal multiplication. Certain parts of this multiplication control mechanism are shown in Figure '4 for a better understanding of the relation of the parts of the repeat mechanism to the conventional parts of the multiplication mechan sm. The parts shown include control lever I91 which functions in connection with the setting of the plus-minus gears, latch bellcrank I 98 therefor, and latch lever I99, which is brought into play temporarily during the shift cycle of the multiplying operation. Latch bellcrank I98 is disabled by bellcrank 200 which rocks counter-clockwise upon depression of .either

keys

36 or 31.

Multiplier correction controL-Multiplier correction key 39 (Figures 1 and 7) controls the portion of the multiplication operation control means which enables the drive mechanism to restore the adjusted racks of the pin carriage and to return the pin carriage to its normal inoperative position in the event a correction of a multiplier figure is required because of errone- 'ous setting. This control is exercised by the key 39 by operation of lever I (Figure 2) pivoted at 202. Lever 20I is moved counter-clockwise by the key 39 to perform the various necessary setting functions as fully described in said applications.

Multiplier repeat mechanism.

Multiplier repeat control key 38 (Figures 4 and 6) is formed integrally at the upper end of a bellcrank 203, having hub 204 pivoted on cross shaft 205. Key 38 has a bottom extension 206, suitably guided in lower plate I2 of the multiplier keyboard mechanism.

Key 38 is shown in its inactive position in Figure 6, and depressir; functions to bring the repeat mechanism into play including locking of the adjusted positions of the auxiliary stop rings I38, conditioning of the repeat escapement control to cause automatic tabulation of the multiplier pin carriage at the end of each multiplying operation to the correct adjusted position, and conditioning 'of a rack releas mechanism whereby all of the racks III are released at the end of each multiplying operation to move to their respective adjusted positions represented by the auxiliary stop rings I38.

To control the locking of the stop rings I38, thebellcrank 203 (Figure 6) is slotted to receive a pin 201 on arm 208 which is carried by shaft 209 pivoted in frame plate 14. Shaft 209 (Figure 4) carries depending arm 2I0 pivotally connected at 2 to a link 2I2, which has a second pivotal supporting link 2I3. At the pivotal connection to 2I3, link 2I2 is also connected to a second link 2I4 which is pivotally connected at 216 to an arm M1 on a shaft 2I8. The links 212 and 2M. (and key 38) are urged to the positions shown in Figure 4 by spring 2 I9, secured between link 2I4 and depending arm 22I of a pivoted latch assembly including a second arm 222. Arm

222 has a pin 223 adapted to engage a latching notch 224 of the link 2I4.

Upon depresison of key 38 (Figure 6) the arm 208, shaft 209 and arm 2I0 (Figure 4) are oscillated clockwise to move links 2I2 and 2I4 rearwardly so that pin 223 moves into holding engagement with latching notch 224 under the influence of spring 2I9. The rearward movement of link 2| 4 causes clockwise rocking movement of arm 2I'I and shaft 2I8 (Figure 4) which also moves arm 226 (Figure 6) carried by-shaft 2l8 and having a slotted end 221, engaging rod I4'I.-

As previously described, rod I41 controls locking tooth I43 for the repeat rings I38.

Thus, after setting the multiplier by the keys 34 (Fig. 1) which adjust the racks III (Fig. 5),if the repeat key 38 is depressed, the repeat rings I38 having been adjusted with the racks III, will be locked in their set position by lock tooth I43. As the racks I II are restored to their initial positions during the multiplying operation, the rings I38 remain set at the multiplier value, the respective springs I4I ibeing tensioned as the racks are restored. At the end of the multiplying operation the racks III are restored to zero and latched by latches I2I.

Repeat escapement control.--It will oe recalled that the pin carriage is allowed acne-step escapement movement for each value set into the pin carriage until the pin carirage occupies the ordinal position at which the multiplying operation is to begin. Means is provided for automatically returning the pin carriage to the starting position at the end of each'repeat multiplying operation.

To effect the above purpose the pin carriage.

of the key performs several of rack 84.

ing shifting of the pin carriage while the multiplier racks I I I are being set, rack 23! is shifted with respect to a tooth 232 carried at one end of a stop element in the form of a sleeve 233, slidably and non-rotatably mounted on square shaft 234 and normally disposed at the left end of the shaft as shown in Fig. 7. Leaf spring 236 tends to frictionally hold sleeve 233 in its normal position on shaft 234 as shown in Fig. 7 where 252 of slide in the slide 24: i returned to the inactive position shown in Figure 12 and the pin carriage is arrested in the starting position. Re-

this connection occurs after the shifting of the pin carriage to a selected ordinal position controlled by the setting of the multiplier, the point of connection of tooth 232 with racks 23!, and correspondingly the relative position of sleeve 233 to the pin carriage provides an indication of the number of steps of shifting movement of the pin carriage (i e., the number of digits in the multiplier). After connection of sleeve 233 to the pin carriage it provides a stop to permit a plural step escapement of the pin carriage to the desired position thereof in accordance with the number of digits in the multiplier value.

To control disabling of the escapement holding pawl I6! (Figures 9, l2 and 13) pawl I6! is provided with a cam surface 24! for engagement by a pin 242, carried by a slide 243, slotted to engage with respective rods I62 and I68 and normally held in the position shown in Figures 9 and 12. Pin 242 normally occupies a seat at the foot of cam surface 24! and does not interfere with normal operation of pawl I6I. With key 38 raised, notched extension 244 thereof, engages pin 242 to maintain this condition as shown in Figure 9.

Upon depression of key 38 to the positionshown in Figure 12, slide 243 is free to move to the left when so controlled under the influence of spring 246 connected thereto and to a second slide 241,

slidably guided on rod I68 and having 8. Din 248 engaging a slot in slide 243. Spring 246 is normally untensioned so that upon depression of key 3 as seen in Figure 12, slide 243 will remain in this inactive position.

During return of the pin carriage in a multiplying operation, the last step of movement of the pin carriage (the movement following the last ordinal multiplication) causes its shifting rack 94 to engage upstanding ear 243 of slide 241 so that spring 246 is tensioned and slide 243 is moved from the position shown in Figure 12 to that shown in Figure 13. During this movement of Slide 243, its pin 242 engages cam surface 24! and moves the holding pawl I6! downwardly .out of engagementwith the teeth 68 Slide 243 remains in this position, pin-242 withholding pawl I6! from rack 94 until the pin carriage tabulates to the starting position.

Thus at the end of each multiplying operation, and when the multiplier repeat key is set,

the escapement mechanism is tripped to allow movement of the pin carriage back to the left as viewed in Figure '1 under the influence of lever I5! and spring I54. When extension 25! (Figure 7) on sleeve 233 engages outwardly extending ear turn of slide 243 removes pin 242 to the right, releasing pawl IGI. Thus depression of the multiplier repeat key 38 conditions an escapement control mechanism whereby after a multiplying operation the pin carriage will be automatically returned to the starting position which it previously occupied as a result of the multiplier setting operation.

Multiplier rack release-To enable the control for release of the multiplier racks II! at the end of a multiplying operation, the lower arm of bellcrank 203, Figure 6, is slotted at 256 to engage a pin 251 on a link 258. The link 268 is pivotally connected at its rearward end to an arm 259 on a sleeve 26! pivoted on transverse shaft 262. Sleeve 26! (Figures 5 and 8) carries a pair of upstanding arms 263, connected by a transverse bar 264. The bar 264 is so positioned in the machine that with the pin carriage located as shown in Figure 7 (to which position it is returned at the end of a multiplying operation) the bar 264 is associated with the tails of all of the holding pawls I2I. Upon counterclockwise movement of the bar 264 as viewed in Figure 5 all of the holding pawls I2! will be released and the racks II! will be free to move to the respective positions represented by the adjusted stop rings I38.

Normally the link 258 (Figure 6) has its nose positioned above the tail of bellcrank I5! which operates with the pin carriage. However, as the bellcrank moves with the pin carriage, it will be moved from beneath the link 258 during setting of the multiplier so that when the key 38 is depressed, the nose of link 258 is moved into the path of the bellcrank to be operated thereby during the overstroke shifting movement of the pin carriage at the end of the multiplying operation, that is, at the same time that the pin carriage is released to escape to its previously tabulated position, the racks III will be released to move to their adjusted positions. As a result the pin carriage will be set and positioned to begin a, subsequent multiplying operation using the ;ame multiplier as used in the previous multiplication.

To condition the machine for non-repeat multiplication, the multiplier correction key 39 is operated. As previously pointed out, the key 33 (Figure 2) operates lever 2!!! in a counter clockwise direction. Underlying the left hand arm of lever 20! is an arm 21! secured on a transverse shaft 212. Shaft 212 (Figure 4) carries a second arm 213, lying in front of pin 214 on latch arm 22!, so that clockwise movement of shaft 212 and arm 213 as viewed in Figure 4 will rock arm 22! and arm 222 to release link 2 from pin 223. Upon such release, spring 2!! can become effective to restore the parts positioned by the multiplier repeat key (including the repeat key itself) to its normal inactive position. Thus at the end of the actuation of the racks and the pin carriage which is initiated by the multiplier correction key, the pin carriage is positioned to its inactive or home position shown in Figure 7 and all of the racks II! are adjusted to zero. The stop rings I38 are also released and will return to their "zero" positions with the racks III.

To prevent depression of repeat key 36 during a multiplying operation, a suitable interlock means is provided. Referring to Figure 4, interlock arm 23! is pivoted at 282 and is urged by spring 283 to follow counter-clockwise movement of bellcrank I99 which occurs upon initiation of a multiplying operation. A nose of arm 28I lies normally above a notch 284 in link 2l2 which is moved rearwardly upon depression of key 38. When the nose of arm 28I is seated in notch 284 of link 2I2 during a multiplying operation, key 38 cannot be depressed.

Operation-The wperator sets the constant multiplier by means of the keys 34 (Fig. 1) which adjust the racks III and cause escapement f the pin carriage to the position where the multiplication is to begin. The operator then depresses the repeat key 38 which.is held down by the latch 222 (Fig. 4) and causes the rings I33 (Fig. 6) to be locked in positions representing the constant multiplier by engaging the tooth I43 with the racks I42, and which engages the tooth 232 of the sleeve 233 with the rack 23| on the pin carriage.

The operator then sets the first multiplicand in the keyboard 22 and depresse either key 36 or 31 to initiate the desired multiplication operation which results in the racks III being restored to zero and latched by the latches I2I and in the pin carriage being returned to the right in Figure 7.

Upon being moved one step beyond the end position the carriage engages the projection 249 (Fig. 9) on the slide 241 which tensions the spring 248 to move the slide 243 to the left in Figures 9 and 12, pin 242 disabling pawl IBI. Spring I54 (Fig. 8) and lever II return the pin carriage to the left until flange I (Fig. '7) on sleeve 233 engages projection 252 on slide 243, thereby returning the slide to inactive position releasing 1 pawl IBI and arresting the carriage During the overstroke in returning the carriage to the right at the end of the multiplying operation the lever I5I (Fig. 8) actuates the lever 258 to rock the bail 284 which unlatches the latches I2I' (Fig. 5) allowing the racks III to return to the setting of the rings I38.

In this ,mannerat the conclusion of the mul tiplying operation the multiplier racks are automatically reset to the constant multiplier value and the pin carriage is tabulated to the starting 1 position. The operator then sets the next multiplicand in the, keyboard and initiates the next multiplying operation by depressing either the key 36 or the key 31.

We claim:

1. In a calculating machine having a register,

sition during the setting of a multiplier figure therein, and means for returning said carriage step-by-step in the opposite direction during the multiplying operation, a multiplier repeat mechanism including ordinal differentially settable means insaid carriage and movable with said elements upon setting thereof, mean for holding said settable means in set position independently of return of said elements during a multiplying operation, means controlled by return movement of said carriage at the conclusion of the multiplying operation for releasing said element holding means to permit said elements to I be urged to positions representing the values to which said settable means are set, and means controlled by movement of said carriage at the end of a multiplying operation to cause said carriage moving means to move said carriage toward the position occupied thereby at the end of the setting of the multiplier figure therein.

2. In a calculating'machine having a register, actuating means therefor, and means for controlling operation of said actuating means to perform a plural order multiplying operation, said last-named means including a multiplier selection carriage, having a plurality of ordinal elements normally held in an inactive position and settable therefrom to represent the digits of a multiplier figure, said elements being returned to the inactive positions thereof during a multiplying operation; means for moving said carriage step-by-step in one direction from a normal position during the setting of a multiplier figure therein, and means for returning said carriage step-by-step in the opposite direction during the multiplying operation; means for resetting said elements to a repeat multiplier value, means for returning said carriage to the position of said carriage after setting of a multiplier value, and means controlled by movement of said carriage at the conclusion of the multiplying operation for rendering operative said means for resetting said elements and said means for returning said carriage to the position of said carriage after settingof the multiplier.

3. In a calculating machine having a product register, registration control ,means including means settable to represent a multiplicand andmeans settable to represent a multiplier, said means for representing a multiplier comprising a plurality of orders of coaxial differentially adjustable elements in a transversely shiftable carriage, means for differentially adjusting said elements and for positioning said carriage in accordance with a multiplier value, means for initiating a multiplying operation, said registration control means including means operated cyclically during the multiplying operation for restoring said elements one by one to zero position and means for returning said carriage step-by step to initial position: a mechanism for conditioning the machine for repeated use of the same multiplier value comprising a plurality of members, one for each of said differentially adjustable elements, each element when positioned by said differential adjusting means serving to set the member associated therewith to a position corresponding in differential value to that of the.

and said carriage have been positioned in accordance with amultiplier value and before operation of said means for initiating a multiplying operation for locking said members in their set positions, whereby upon operation of said initiating means-said elements are restored to zero during the multiplying operation but the multiplier value is retained in the setting of said members.

4. In a calculating machine having a product register, registration control means including means settable to represent a multiplicand and means settable to represent a multiplier, said means for representing a multiplier comprising a plurality of orders of spring-urged racks in a shiftable carriage, a latch for each rack to hold it in zero position, means for differentially adjusting said racks one by one,in accordance with the multiplier value, means for moving said carriage from its normal position one ordinal step for each figure of the multiplier, means for initiating a multiplying operation, said registration control means including means operated cyclically during the multiplying operation for restoring said elements one by one to zero latched position and means for returning said carriage step-by-step to said normal position: a mechanism for conditioning the machine for repeated use of the same multiplier value comprising a plurality of differentially settable stops, one for each of said racks, each rack when positioned by said differential adjusting means serving to set the associated stop to a position corresponding in differential value to that of the rack, means operable after said racks and said carriage have been positioned in accordance with the multiplier value and before operation of said means for initiating a multiplying operation for locking said stops in their differentially set positions, and means automatically operable at the conclusion of the multiplying operation when all said racks have been latched in zero position and said carriage has been returned to normal position for unlatching said racks whereupon said racks are released and reengage their associated stops to resume their difierentially adjusted positions and thus again represent the multiplier value which is to be repeated in the next multiplying operation.

5. In a calculating machine having a product register, registration control means including means settable to represent a multiplicand and means settable to represent a multiplier, said means for representing a multiplier comprising a plurality of orders of spring-urged racks in a shiftable carriage, a latch for each rack to hold it in zero position, means for diflerentially ad'- justing said racks one by one in accordance with the multiplier value, means for moving said car- 7 riage from its normal position one ordinal step for each figure of the multiplier, means for initiating a multiplying operation, said registration control means including means operated cyclically during the multiplying operation for restoring said elements one by one to zero latched position and means for returning said carriage step-by-step to said normal position: a mechanism for conditioning the machine for repeated use of the same multiplier value comprising a plurality of diiferentially settable stops, one for each of said racks, each rack when positioned by said difierential adjusting means serving to set the associated stop to a position corresponding in differential value to that of the rack, means operable after said racks and said carriage have been positioned in accordance with the multiplier value and before operation of said means for initiating a multiplying operation for locking said stops in their differentially set positions, and means controlled by movement of said carriage beyond normal position at the conclusion of the multiplying operation for unlatching said racks whereupon said racks are released and reengage their associated stops to resume their differentially adjusted positions and thus again represent the multiplier value which is to be repeated in the next multiplying operation.

6. In a calculating machine having a product register, register control means including means settable to represent the multiplicand and means settable to represent the multiplier, said'means for representing the multiplier comprising a plurality of orders of differentially adjustable elements in a transversely shiftable carriage, means including means to urge said elements to differentially set position-for adjusting said elements in accordance with a multiplier value, means including means for urging said carriage from a normal position to a set position for setting said carriage in a position where said elements will be ordinally arranged in accordance with a multiplier value, means for initiating a multiplying operation, said registration control means including means operated cyclically during a multiplying operation for restoring said elements one by one to zero position, and means for returning sai carriage step-by-step to normal position: a mechanism for conditioning the machine for repeated use of the same multiplier value comprising 1: plurality of members, one for each of said diifen entially adjustable elements, each element when positioned by said differential adjusting means serving to set the member associated therewith to a position corresponding in differential value to that of the element, means operable after said members and elements have been positioned in accordance with a. multiplier value which is to be repeated for locking said members in their set positions, and means operable after said carriage has been ordinally positioned in accordance with the multiplier value which is to be repeated for connecting a tabulator stop to said carriage adapted after 'the multiplying operation to cooperate with a stop on the frame of the machine for repositioning said carriagein the said ordinal position for the repeat multiplication, means operable by movement of said carriage at the conclusion of the multiplying operation for causing said element-urging means to return said elements to the set positions determined by said members, and for causing said carriage-urging means to move said carriage to the position determined by said tabulator stop to reposition said carriage in accordance with the multiplier value which is to be repeated.

CARL M. FRIDEN. GRANT C. FILLER-BECK.