US2376057A - Rifle - Google Patents

Description

G. J. HYDE May I5, l945.

RIFLE originl Filed Aug. 9, 1.940 s sheets-sheet 1 ATTORNEY l l um G. J. HYDE .May 115, 1945.

RIFLE Original Filed Aug. 9, 1940 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR GEORGE J. HYDE BY ATTORNEY G. J. HYDE May 15, 1945.

RIFLE 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Original Filed Aug. 9, 1940 INVENTOR Gaona J. HYDE ATTORNEY Patented May l5, 1945 RIFLE George J. Hyde, Dayton, Ohio, assignor to Firearms Research Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Original application August 9, 1940, Serial No.

351,949. Divided and this application September 15, 1942, Serial No. 458,371

(Cl. L12-16) 2 Claims.

My invention relates to rifles, particularly of the semi-automatic type, i. e., rifles which may be controlled either for single shot ring or for repeating firing.

'Ihis application is a division of my copending application Serial No. 351,949, filed August 9, 1940, for Rina on which Letters Patent No. 2,342,283, dated February 22, 1944, have issued.

In accordance with a prominent aspect of the invention, the rifle consists of only two assemblies whichvmay readily be attached to or detached from each other; more particularly, one of these assemblies is a trigger assembly which is so constructed that, when detached from the other assembly, the parts thereof remain in proper operative relation with respect to each other.

In accordance with another prominent aspect of the invention, the aforesaid trigger assembly, when removed from the other assembly, exposes those parts of the latter which most frequently require a cleaning operation.

My invention relates particularly to a rifle which, aside from the grips and stock, entirely avoids the use of assembling screws or bolts.

My invention has further reference to novel features embodied in the rifle bolt and in the cooking bar.

Various other objects and advantages of my invention will become apparent from the following detailed description.

My invention relates to the rifle, features and combinations of the character hereinafter described and claimed.

For an understanding of my invention and for an illustration of one of the forms thereof, reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view, partly in elevation, showing the rie of the invention, this view being taken on the line l-l of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional View, partly in plan, taken substantially on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 3 is a transverse, vertical sectional view, taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 4 is a perspective View, with parts disassembled, showing the ejecting means for the spent shells;

Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectional View, partly in plan, taken substantially on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional View, partly in elevation, taken on the line @-6 of Fig. 5 looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 7 is a vertical sectional view, corresponding generally with Fig. 6, and showing some of the parts in different positions; and

Fig. 8 is a side elevational View, with parts disassembled, showing the rie of this invention.

Referring to the drawings, the rie hereinv illustrated comprises, in general, a barrel l, a forward grip 2, a rear grip 3, a housing 4 comprising a forward block 5, a stock 6 and a magazine l. The block 5 at the forward end thereof, comprises an internally threaded passage 8 into which the rear end of thev barrel l is threaded. The forward grip 2 is secured in a suitable manner to a stem 9, Fig. 1, carried by the forward end of said housing block 5 and the rear grip 3 is bolted or otherwise suitably secured to a trigger casing I0 utilizable as hereinafter described. The stock B is secured to the rear Wall la of the housing il by a screw bolt lid. The magazine l" stock 6 is secured, the interior surface of this.

rear wall lla being provided with a recess 4d of substantially rectangularl conguration, Figs. 1 and 2.

The aforesaid housing walls lib, 4c and 4c, at the front end of the housing 4, merge into the block 5 which comprisesY an approximately -vertical wall Il facing the chamber C, the lower section of this wall being inclined and provided with a horizontal slot Ha, as shown in Fig. 1. The block 5 comprises a vertical chamber Cl merging into a horizontal bolt-receiving passage P alined with the bore of the barrel l, said passage P having an orifice or passage O opening laterally and upwardly therefrom.

The aforesaid trigger casing Ill, at` the end thereof toward the right (Fig. 1) comprises a vertical flange 2 adapted to t snugly within the aforesaid recess 4d of the housing 4. The end of the trigger casing l toward the left, Fig. l, comprises a recess in which is received an oscillatory member I3 having a latching member I3a cooperable with the aforesaid slot Ha, the member i3 carrying an exterior handle lli having an inner lug lila. adapted to seat in a corresponding recess in the adjacent casing surface. Further, as shown in Fig. 1, that face of the trigger casing l0 toward the left is inclined as indicated at l5 in correspondence with the inclination of the wall II.

With the trigger casing Ill positioned as shown in Fig. 1, the handle I4 may be operated to move the latching member I3a out of the slot IIa whereupon said casing I may be swung generally in a counter-clockwise direction (Fig. 1) about the shoulder 4e bounding the lower part of the recess 4d and then moved bodily to remove the flange I2 thereof from the recess 4d. At this time, as shown in Fig. 8, the trigger casing constitutes an assembly entirely separate and removed from the housing 4'.

In as simple a manner, the trigger casing III may be reassembled with the housing 4. To this end, the lower part of the flange I2 is seated on the shoulder 4e whereupon said trigger casing I0 is moved to closed positionathe walls I5 and I I coming into binding engagement at this time. The handle I4 is then swung to move the latching member 13a into the slot I Ia to thereby positively lock the trigger casing Iii in its operative position.

The hereinbefore described flange I2, when positioned as shown in Fig. 1, has secured thereto a member I6 horizontally extending into the chamber C and having a helical spring I1 disposed thereon in freely movable relation, the last coil of the spring I1 vtoward the right (Fig. 1) preferably having smaller diameter than the other spring coils so as to detachably ancho-r that end of said spring I1 toward the right in the position shown.

Mounted for slidable movement in the chamber C is the bolt I8 comprising a base section I8a having on each lower side Surface thereof a horizontal groove I9, these grooves'I9 receiving, respectively, the inwardly facing tracks 2i) formed at the upper part of the trigger casing Il), Fig, 3. As shown in Fig. 1, the bolt base section ISoL is provided with a horizontal passage I8?) in which the helical spring I1 and its supporting member I6 is freely received.

As illustrated in Fig. 1, the lower surface of the bolt base section lila comprises a cam surface Ic utilizable as hereinafter described.

The bolt I8 comprises an actuating section |301 projecting forwardly from the base section lila, said bolt actuating section 58d being alined with the passage P and the bore of the barrel I. At its far end, the bolt actuating section |801 comprises a tubular wall I8e forming a, chamber in which is disposed a firing pin 2Ic formed integrally with and disposed centrally of said actuating section |801.

The bolt actuating section I8d, on its exterior surface, comprises' a longitudinally extending groove I8f which receives the spent shell extractor member 2l. At its end toward the left (Fig. 2) the extractor member 2I comprises the usual flanged tip 2 Ia adapted to engage theinner rim surface of the spent shell as well understood in the art, The groove I8f may increase in taper from left to right (Fig. 2) and the extractor member 2I may be of similar conguration whereby the latter may be assembled in the groove by a driving t between adjacent surfaces. y

In addition to the foregoing, the bolt actuating section Id, on its exterior surface more or less opposite the groove If, comprises a longitudinally extending groove ISg utilizable as here.- inafter described.

Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, one side ofthe bolt base section I8a is provided with a longitudinally extending groove which receives the cocking bar '22 having, at that end thereof toward the left, an inwardly extending section 22a adapted to engage a shouldered surface Ih of said bolt base section I8a. The cooking bar 22 is biased from right to left (Fig. 2) by a helical spring 23 secured at 24 to said cooking bar 22 and at 25 to the adjacent side wall 4c of the housing 4. Secured to the cooking bar 22 and extending transversely therefrom is a transverse pin 28, Fig, 2, extending through a slot 4f formed longitudinally in said last named side Wall 4c, the pin 26, exteriorly of the latter, carrying an actuating knob 21.

The bottom wall surface of the hereinbefore described trigger casing I 0 is shaped to form a trigger guard 30 in which the rifle trigger is mounted for oscillatory movement. This trigger comprises a finger piece 3I depending from an intermediate trigger section 32 having projecting from opposite respective sides thereof the horizontally alined lugs 33 seating in bearing surfaces formed, respectively, in the lower side walls Illa of the trigger casing I0 (Fig. 7).

Upstanding from the intermediate trigger section 32 is a finger 34 engaged by the end of a leaf spring element 35a formed integrally with a, base 35 (Fig. 5) having projecting therefrom the other leaf spring elements 3512, 35e and 35d utilizable as hereinafter described, and the spring base 35 being seated in a recess |01) formed interiorly of the trigger casing Ill (Fig. 5) As shown in Figs. 6 and 7, a plate 95, seated as hereinafter described holds the spring base 35 in its recess IIlb.

The spring element 35a aforesaid biases the trigger in a clockwise direction '(Fig. l) such movement of the trigger being limited by engagement of the aforesaid trigger finger 34 and the trigger linger 31 hereinafter referred to with the respective membes IIlc upstanding in the casing II) and formed integrally therewith (Fig. 5).

In addition to the above noted finger 34, a 1inger 31 (Figs. 5 and 6) upstands from the intermediate triggersection 32, this finger 31 being provided with a longitudinally extending slot 38 which receives the shank of a sean-controlling member 39 (Fig. 7), the member 39 having a link 40 pivoted thereto at 4Iy (Figs. 6 and 7 the trigger nger 31 coacting with the free end of said link 40, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7.

The above described leaf `spring element 35C (Figs. 6 and 7) engages the link 40 to bias it toward the trigger linger 31, the effect of this spring biasing the Sear-controlling member 39 from left to right (Figs. E,A 6 and 7).

As shown in Figs. 6 and 7, the scar-controlling member 39, at the left of the link 40, comprises a a section 39a having inclined surfaces 39h, 39e utilizable as hereinafter described. The searcontrolling member 39, at the right of the link 40, comprises an upstanding block 39d which coacts either with a holding surface 4IL1l of a sear 4I or is dispo-sed in a recess Mb formed in the lower surface of said sear 4 I The sear 4I is supported pivot-fashioned at 4Ic in a bearing surface ltd transversely formed in the trigger casing IU. The sear 4I, toward the right, (Figs. 6 and 7) comprises a horizontal section 4Id, the lower surface of which is engaged and continuously biased upwardly by the free end of a leaf spring element 42a having a base 42 from which projects a normally curved leaf spring element 42h utilizable as hereinafter described, the spring base 42 being seated in a recess IIle formed interiorly of the trigger casing I0, said spring base 42 being held in said recess Ie in the manner hereinafter referred to.

As shown in Figs. 1, 6 and '7, the sear 4I, on the upper surface thereof comprises an inclined surface lle with which, during operation of the rifle, the hereinbefore described cam surface lc of the bolt I 8 coacts.

As shown in Fig. 5, the trigger casing I comprises an upstanding, transverse wall ltf having a pair of spaced longitudinal slots lily and lh, the shank of the above described scar-controlling member 39 being freely slidable in the slot my.

Slidable in the slot lh of the Wall Ill]e is the shank of a Sear-controlling member 43 having at the end thereof toward the right (Fig. an upstanding block 43a which, the same as-the block 39d, is adapted to coact either with the sear surface 4|a or be seated in the recess Mb thereof. Disposed in longitudinal alinement with the slot mh and formed on the interior surface of the casing I0 is a slot lili which freely receives the shank end of the Sear-controlling member 43 toward the left (Fig. 5), this shank, at its extreme end toward the left (Fig. 5) comprising an actuating knob 43h. The aforesaid leaf spring element h has an angular section coactable with a similar angular section of the scar-controlling member 43 to bias the same from right to left (Fig. 5)

Referring to Figs. l, 6 and 7, the trigger casing Il] is shown as comprising a transversely disposed, horizontal seat H331' in. which is rotatably received the shaft 45 of a safety lever having an actuating handle 45a disposed exteriorly of said casing I 0 (Fig. 5). The shaft 45 adjacent the handle 45a.

comprises a circumferential groove 455 having two fiat sections 45C, 45d formed therein. Beyond the groove 45h, the shaft 45 comprises a flat section 45e connected circumferentially by a curved section 45f.

The end of the hereinbefore described leaf spring section 42h (Fig. 5) rides in the aforesaid groove 45h and coacts alternately with the flat sections 45e, 45d thereof to retain the shaft 45 in either of the positions shown in Figs. 6 and 7. When the shaft 45 is in the position shown in Fig. 6, the curved section 45]e of said shaft 45 coacts with a downwardly extending nose llf of the sear 4l to-hold the sear 4l elevated. At this time, the leaf spring element 42h engages the fiat section 45e of the groove 15b (Fig. l). When the shaft 45 is in the position shown in Fig. 7, the flat section `45e of said shaft i5 is disposed opposite the Sear nose Hf whereby the sear 4l may be depressed, by the bolt i8, against the action of the leaf spring element 42a in the manner hereinafter described. At this time, the leaf spring element 42D engages the flat section 45d of the groove 45b- Referring further to Figs. 1, 6 and 7, the trigger casing Il is shown as comprising a transversely disposed, horizontal seat Hlk in which is rotatably received the shaft 46 of a selector lever having an actuating handle 46d disposed exteriorly of said casing la (Fig. 5). The shaft 46 adjacent the handle 46a comprises a circumferential groove 46h having two nat sections 46c, 46d formed therein. Beyond the groove 46h, the shaft 46 comprises two flat sections 46e, 46f angularly related to each other on the same peripheral section of said shaft 46.

The end of the hereinbefore described leaf spring section 35d (Fig. l) rides in the aforesaid groove 4Gb and coacts alternately with the flat sections 46c, 46d' to retain the shaft 46 in either of the two positions shown in Figs. 6 and '7.

When the shaft 46 is in the position shown in Fig. 6, the flat section 46e of said shaft 46 is disposed opposite and removed from the path of the inclined section 39C of the Sear-controlling member 39. At this time, the leaf spring element 35d is in engagement with the dat section 46c of the groove 4Gb (Fig. l). When the shaft 46 is in the position shown in Fig. '1, the flat section 46j of said shaft 4B is disposed in the path of the inclined section 39o of the Sear-controlling member 39. At this time, the leaf spring element 35d is in engagement with the fiat Section 46d of the groove 4613.

Referring to Figs. 2, 3 and 4, the wall defining one side of the bolt-receiving passage P in the block 5 is shown as comprising a horizontal opening li), the wall surface of which forms a bearing for anejector comprising a member 'Il mounted therein for oscillatory movement, the member 7l, exteriorly of the block 5, carrying an actuating handle 'i2 formed from spring steel and comprising a locking tip 12a adapted to be releasaoly seated in a recess 'I3 formed in the outer surface of the block 5.

As illustrated in Fig. 3, the member 1|, interiorly of the passage P, comprises an angular extension l la adapted to be received by the hereinbefore described groove H89 during movement of the bolt I8.

`As clearly shown in Fig. 4, the aforesaid opening l) has a recess it communicatingtherewith at one side thereof, an undercut slot l5 extending from this recess partly around the opening lil. The member 'il comprises a lateral extension lib, the configuration of which corresponds with that of the recess ld. In View of the foregoing, it will be understood that the ejector member 'H may be moved longitudinally through the opening 10, the extension Hb being received by the recess '14. Thereafter, during oscillation of the handle l2, the ejector is retained in its intended position by action of the walls of the slotv l5 on the extension Hb of the member 1I. Obviously, the ejector may be removed from its seat in as simple a manner, it being necessary first to line up the extension l lb with the recess 14.

The hereinbefore described spring base 42 was described as seating in a recess I 6e of the trigger casing lil. In accordance with the invention, the recess ic tapers to a slight extent longitudinally of the trigger casing i5, the spring 42 being tapered in a corresponding manner. Accordingly, the spring base may be associated with its recess in a driving-fit relation whereby said spring base is securely retained in its intended position without requiring the use of screws or pins.

Referring to Figs. 6 and '7, a plate 95 is shown as forming an upper closure for that part of the trigger casing toward the left. The recess I 0m of the trigger casing l) for the plate tapers to a slight extent longitudinally of the trigger casing l0 and plate 95 is similarly tapered. Therefore, the plate 95 may be associated with its seating recess in driving-fit relation to thereby positively anchor 'the same in position. However, before the plate 95 is thus seated, the base comprising the spring elements 35a, 35h, 35C and 35d is seated in its proper position. Thereupon, the plate 95 is seated in position as described, this plate serving said spring arrangement in its seat.

As shown in Fig. 3, the trigger casing l) comprises, at opposite sides thereof, the outer, upstanding walls Nin which, when said trigger casing In is in assembled relation, are disposed in close-fitting, side-by-side relation with respect to k the lower surfaces of thev walls 4c, 4c of the housing 4. This is desirable because itipreventsentry of foreign matter interiorly of the riiie. at the junction between the trigger casing l and the main assembly comprising the chamberV 4', the barrel and theV stock 6.

In. accordance with the invention, the arrangement is such that the leaf spring elementsY of the spring structure comprising the base 35, when seated in position, serve, respectively, (l) as. the biasing means for and the means for holding the trigger in its seat, (2) as the biasing means for and the means for holding the scar-controlling member 43 in its seat, (3) as. the biasing means for and` the means for holding the searcontrolling member 391 in its seat, and (4')l 'as the means for holding the selector lever 46, 46a iny its seat and foi` holding it in either of itsv adjusted positions.

Further in accordance with the invention, they arrangement is such that the leaf spring elements of the spring structure comprising the base. 42, When seated in position, serve. (1) as ther biasing means for holding the sear 4|f in its seat,

and (2) as the means for holding, the safetyv lever 45, dY inits seat and for holding it in either of its adjusted positions.

Accordingly, in View of the foregoingit follows that all of the operating parts of the trigger assembly are retained' in their respective seats; With'- out, the use of pins or screws.` Further, when. the trigger assembly is detached` from the ma'nv assembly ask hereinbeforedescribed, all of theV operof the barrel and,` when the cartridge is thus.

ating parts of thev trigger assembly remain ink their intended positions. without any change whatsoever. In other words, the main assembly iswithout function as regards the nfiaintenancek of any of the parts of the trigger their respective seats.

With the sear 4l in elevated position,`the rie is maintained cocked by reason of the fact that the inclined Sear surface Me is in locking engagement with the cam surface |8c of thebolt Iiiv to holdA the latter in its position toward the right. (Fig. l), the spring Il being under firing com.- pression at this4 time. Further, at this time, the Sear-controlling member 39 is initsk position` toward. the right (Fig. 6) wherein-theblock section 39d thereof is beneath the sear-l'ioldingv surface 4|a tohold the sea-r 4| elevated, the. Sear-controlling member 43 being in its position toward the left (Fig. 5) wherein the block section. 43a thereof is disposed beneath the' sear recessy 4|b.

For single-shot firing, the shaft 46 is positioned, as shown in Fig. 7, so that theV dat surface lf` thereof is disposed in the path` ofl thevsear-con trolling member 39 to maintainthe same in tilted assembly in relation somewhat as shown. Accordingly= under the conditions recited, whenv the trigger islpulled, the Sear-controlling member 39'is moved toward the left against the action of the spring element e (Fig. 6) whereby the block sectiongd theree of is disengaged from the Sear-holding surface Ma. As a result, the weight of the bolt I8 depresses the sear lll. against the action ofA the spring element 42a. When. thisV happens, the` bolt, I8, under the inuence of the compressedspring ll, moves suddenly from rightto leit.(-Fig.

l), the bolt extension, i3d at the left (Fig. l) en- I gaging the rear of that cartridge Sdisposed uppermost in the magaz'ne andmoving said cartridge Salong the slopingsurface p of the headA 5. Immediately thereafter, the bolt seats tliezcartridge S in iii-ing positionwith the advancedqedge of the cartridge shell seated*v against the flange la positioned, thev firing pin 2|f`c engages the cartridge detonator to fire the cartridge..

When the lcartridge S became seated inring position, as. described above, the rear end of they wardly',V the ejector extension` 1|a being in this.

grooveA during this movement. thereof. As the groove |89 moves to the right, as. viewed in` Fig. 2', the ejector extension lla engagesl the rim of the spent shell S and removes it from thei bolt..

thel extracted shell S inherently. turning and en gaging their curved face o of the orice O under substantial impact whereby said, spent shell S isA thrown forwardly in the general direction of the barrel. of the gun. After the spent shell: S*

has'beenejected, therecoil, of the bolt. |.8\, under the influence of the ring shot, continues until.

the cam: surface |f8cr has moved somewhat tothe right of theinclined sear section 4|@` (Fig. l)

whereby the'sear 4| moves toiits elevated position under the influence of the spring section. 42a.

When the trigger was pulled, as` described above,the Sear-controlling member 39 was movedto thel position shown in Fig. '7 and it` thereby assumed asomewhat greater tilted relation by' reason of the fact thaty the inclined section 39o thereof. rode upwardly along the fiat section 46j of the'shaft 4B. Accordingly, when the sear 4|- moves to-its upper position, as last describedthe sear recess 4|b rises from the block section 39dl and,` thereupon, the Sear-controlling member 39 moves to theright (Fig. 7) under the iniiuenceof the spring section 35C untily said block section 39 passes beneath the scar-holding surface 41a to hold'v thev sear 4| elevated, This happens before the-cam surface of the bolt I8 returns from its excursion to the right as described above and, when' said cam surface |8c does return to the sear 4|, the latter has been elevated as described to thereby, at its inclined surface Me; engage the bolt camsurface Scand holdthe bolt in position. with the springy under compression, ready for the` next shot, this occurring when the trigger is pulled again.

Ordinarily. the trigger is in its drawn position when the recoil ofthe bolt |8r causes the cam surface I8c thereof to movesomewhat to the right of the inclinedsear section 4|e, as last described. However;` the trigger is inefectivetovprevent the 1 describedy movement of the Sear-controlling mem-- ber 39 towardthe right (Fig. '7) by reason-of thefact that,saidsear-controlling member 39 is tilted at this time as shown in Fig. 7. Because thus' tilted, the link 40 assumes the position shown in Fig.. 7; wherein the curvedV concave surface 40a thereof', rather than its nose 40o; is in engagement with the nose of the trigger. Therefore, un` der the inuence of the. spring section 35o, the

Sear-controlling member 39 moves toward the' right, asdescribed above, the link 40 moving.

counter-clockwise (Fig. '7) to accommodate such movement.

For continuous shot firing,l the shaft 46 is movedtov the position shownin Fig. 6 wherein the at section 46e thereof is positioned upwardly. Accordingly, no tilting` movement of the Sear-corrtrolling member39occurs and, when. the trigger is pulled, thelink. nose 49brather than` thevlink. concave, surface 49a, is engagedby the noseA of the trigger. The link nose 40b,is so shaped that.

which gives satisfactory results, it will be underit is not readily disengaged from the trigger nose during continuous ring. Furthermore, during continuous firing, the inclined surface 39h of the member 39 is locked under the inclined casing surface Is to thereby positively prevent upward movement of said member 39. Accordingly, after the shot is fired, with the shaft 46 positioned as described above, movement of the Sear-controlling member 39 toward the right (Fig. 6) is prevented by the trigger and therefore, the sear di does not become effective to lock the bolt I8 in its rear position. It results, therefore, that with said shaft 186 positioned as last described, continuous firing of the rifle occurs until the last cartridge is red.

When the shaft 45 is positioned, as shown in Fig. 7, the rifle is in shooting condition. At this time, the-flat section 45e of said shaft 45 faces the nose 4|.f of the sear 4I. Therefore, the sear may move between the positions described above to lock and release the bolt. v

When the shaft t5 is positioned as shown in Fig. 6, the rifle is in safety position by reason of the fact that. the curved surface 45j of said shaft 45 coacts with the sear nose dif to hold the sear di elevated. When thus elevated, the bolt I8 may not be moved to firing position.

The cooking bar 22 is used to manually cock the rifle whenever that operation becomes necessary. As will be noted, the spring 23 continuously maintains the cooking bar 22 in its forward position except when manually restrained.

While the invention has been described with respect to a certain particular preferred example stood by those skilled in the art after understanding the invention, that Various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and it is intended, therefore, in the appended claims to cover all such changes and modifications,

What is claimed is:

l. In a rifle having a housing provided therein with a chamber that is open at the bottom thereof, the combination therewith of a ring mechanism assembly including a casing having inwardly extending tracks at the top and opposite sides thereof, a reciprocatory rifle bolt supported by said casing and having longitudinal grooves in opposite sides thereof to receive said tracks, and means for detachably securing said assembly as a unit to said housing in the open end of said chamber.

2. In a rifle having a housing provided therein withv a chamber, the combination therewith of a firing mechanism assembly including a casing,A

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