US2370461A - Half-tone intaglio textile printing roller and method of producing same - Google Patents

Half-tone intaglio textile printing roller and method of producing same Download PDF

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Publication number
US2370461A
US2370461A US446804A US44680442A US2370461A US 2370461 A US2370461 A US 2370461A US 446804 A US446804 A US 446804A US 44680442 A US44680442 A US 44680442A US 2370461 A US2370461 A US 2370461A
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United States
Prior art keywords
dots
darker
printing
intaglio
areas
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Expired - Lifetime
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US446804A
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English (en)
Inventor
Heberlein Rudolf
Fretz Max
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Heberlein Patent Corp
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Heberlein Patent Corp
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Publication date
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F5/00—Screening processes; Screens therefor
    • G03F5/20—Screening processes; Screens therefor using screens for gravure printing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/04—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being fluid-driven

Definitions

  • intaglio printing such as are used in the graphic arts.
  • the ink is taken up from the design recesses or ink wells in the printing surface (such as a roller), and
  • the doctor In the absence of sumcient supporting area and distribution of the same in these shadow or darker fields of design, the doctor is not only subject to wear by the lands, but very quickly wears away the lands in the darker areas and this causes the doctor to remove from the recesses the printing medium especially required in these darker areas for proper printing. of the fabric.
  • One of the objects of the invention is to provide intaglio rollers capable of accurately reproducing on textile fabrics patterns or designs hav- .ing photographic tonal shade gradations.
  • Another object is to provide such rollers capable of reproducing such patterns on textile fabrics in multi-color.
  • Another object is to provide a method for directly transferring to said rollers the photographic halftone patterns and providing on said rollers suitable lands in the darker image areas.
  • Fig. 1 is a much enlarged perspectiveview somewhat diagrammatically illustrating an intaglio printing-surface of the prior art wherein the lands are in the form of continuous lines arranged in grid formation with the intervening spaces serving as ink recesses of equal area and tone, but this only-crudely and unsatisfactorily varying in depth to provide the tone gradations;
  • Fig. 2 is a much enlarged plan view somewhat diagrammatically illustrating an intaglio printing surface of the prior art intended for specific usein textile printing, in which the design is provided for as in Fig. 1, and with a supplemental grid design of relatively greatly increased mesh superimposed in order to furnish increase support for the doctor;
  • Fig. 3 somewhat diagrammatically illustrates ing the etched recesses of the same depth
  • Fig. 4 illustrates an enlarged halftone screen positiveof a portion of the design to be reproduced in accordance with this invention
  • Fig. 5 represents the corresponding screen positive portion 01- Fig. 4 after it has been treated in accordance with applicants invention
  • Fig. 6 illustrates highly magnified portions of an intaglio printing surface made in accordance with this invention.
  • a relatively fine halftone 'mesh (rather than a relatively coarser one as heretofore proposed for textile printing) and by so employing it in the photolithographic process that the transparent dots of the screen diapositive in the darker field corre- -an intaglio printing surface of the prior art spend to the lands, and by controlling the size .of these dot lands in the darker. field areas of the design, a master positive may be prepared from. which the photographic halftone pattern may be transferred directly to the roller, which after treatment and etching results in a satisfactory intaglio printing surface on which lands in the darker areas are provided by separate dots closely disposed and furnishing an entirely satisfactory doctor support. Also, the deeply etched area surrounding said dots provides an ample supply of printing medium for textile fabric printing. Wehave also found that by etch ing the printing surface, surrounding said separate dot lands, to a depth of about 0.04 mm. (1. e.,
  • the intaglio surface which we provide for textile printing is in eifect the reverse of that employed in halftone intaglio printing onpaper.
  • the etched recesses or wells are the cross lines and the dots are the lands; whereas the' usual practice is to have the dots correspond'to the wells and the cross lines to the lands (see Figs.l and 3).
  • the original photographic halftone pattern is maintained and is not partially obliterated as has bee proposed heretofore (Fig; 2).
  • the screening can be effected (1) directly from the original or (2) via a halftone negative or positive. It is also immaterial whether this'is done through (a) a camera exposure with an offsetscreen havin transparent dots inserted between the camera and original or (b) through a contact print by means. of the oil'setscreen and with the use of a punctiform source of light. In both cases the picture is dissolved (separated) into dots of different sizes as known from photolithography due to the diffraction of the light through the screen.
  • the photographically produced dots vary in size in accordance with the lights or darks of the image, and in this way produce the halftones. It is important that the size of these dots is in the correct ratio to the shade value of the parts of the picture in question. Whatever photographic procedure is used to dissolve or separate the image into dots, in accordance with ourinvention, the resultant halftone photographic print must be of a relatively fine mesh, i. e., a fineness of the order of 100 per inch or finer. We have also obtained good results with a fineness of the order of 136 per inch.
  • the invention contemplates using the dots as lands in V the darker tone areas, such a fineness in the relatively deep etching required for textile printing will furnish insuiiicient doctor support; and we therefore increase the; dot areas by suitably treating the photographic negative or positive in such portions only corresponding to the darker tones, while maintaining the same mesh fineness.
  • a unit design is to be reproduced as a continuous or composite design on a strip of fabric.
  • a photograph is first taken of ,the unit subject'(for example a blossom) and a negative is made and retouched if and as desired.
  • a film positive is made from said negative, by suitable means such as an offset-screen, and this positive (Fig. 4) is so made as to have a halftone mesh fineness of the order
  • the image tones are defined by variations in the relative size of the black or dark dots, which are larger in' the darker tones and smaller in the lighter tones.
  • the deeper tone or dark image areas such as [0 (Fig.
  • the black dots are of such a size that they meet or join together in the general'form of a grid, which defines the intervening spaces so that they appear as white or transparent dots which may be of any desired geometric shape, depending upon the screen used.
  • the lighter tone image areas such as l I (Fig. 4)
  • the-black dots being relatively small appear on a field which assumes the general form of a white or transparent grid
  • Intermediate image tones vary in between these two extremes while the highlights such as I: may have no apparent screen effect.
  • the screen mesh is of the same fineness.
  • a film photographic reducer such as potassium ferrocyanide reducer, or other means known in the photographic arts, to thereby increasethe size of the white or transparent dots in the darker tone areas tothat necessary for the resultant doctor support desired.
  • Fig. 5 shows the positive film after such treatment wherein the enlargement of the transparent dots is apparent in the darker tone areas, such as m.
  • a register negative may now be made from the positive shown in'Fig. 5, as by contact printing, and by suitable means such as a step and repeat? photocomposing machine, a composite master printed) is covered with an etch resist protectivematerial such as asphaltum and a positive of the design (i. e., the portions to be printed) is delineated by said asphaltum and presents the unprotected metallic surface of the roller to, be etched.
  • the roller is then chemically etched in a manner familiar to those skilled in the art; the duration and intensity of etching depending to a great extent upon the fineness of the screening, etc.
  • the resultant intaglio surface (Fig.
  • the intermediate step of composing a continuous design from a unit design may be dispensed with in instances where it is desired only to produce the unit design; and in this case the unit design diapositive with the altered dot transparencies may be used to print directly upon the sensitized metallic printing surface.
  • steps which comprise making a halftone positive photographic reproduction of the desired subject having a screen mesh of at least a fineness of the order of 1,00 per inch wherein the darker tones of the image pattern consist of light dots on a relatively dark field, photographically reducing said dark field to increase the area of said light dots in selected darker areas, to thereby produce an altered halftone photographic pattern of said subject in which enlarged separate light dots are defined on a dark field in said selected darker tones, photographically reproducing the altered halftone pattern onto a printing roller surface, and etching said roller in areas corresponding to the opacities of said altered halftone positive to thereby provide .an intaglio printing surface in which said darker tone areas of said image comprise continuous channels in the general form of a grid.
  • the respective films suitably coordinated as to register and a separate roller produced for each corresponding color value in accordance with the process previously described.
  • 'Multi-color rollers prise aking a halftone positive photographic reproduction of the desired subject havin a screen mesh of at least a fineness of the order of per inch wherein the darker tones of the image pattern consist of transparent dots on a relatively opaque field, photographically reducing said opaque field to increase the area of said transparent dots in selected darker areas only, to thereby produce an altered halitone photographic pattern of said subject, photographically reproducing the altered halftone pattern onto a printing roller surface, and etching said roller in areas corresponding to the opacities of said altered halftone positive to thereby provide an intaglio printing surface in which said darker tone areas of said image comprise continuous channels in the general form of a grid.
  • a process for making an intaglio roller for textile fabric printing the steps which comprise making a negative photographic pattern of a subject, said negative comprising fine screening of the order of at least 100 per inch providing closely spaced opaque dots on a transparent field in darker tones, producing a. positive in which corresponding dots are transparent on an opaque field and wherein'the smaller dots in said darker tones are larger than those of said photograph but are smaller than required to touch each other, photographically reproducing said positive pattern onto a metallic surface to be etched, and etching said metallic surface in said darker tones surrounding said enlarged dots, whereby said closely spaced enlarged dots provide lands for supporting the doctor in intaglio printing and said etched surface in said darker tone areas provides recessed areas in, the general form of a grid.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Printing Methods (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)
US446804A 1940-11-20 1942-06-12 Half-tone intaglio textile printing roller and method of producing same Expired - Lifetime US2370461A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH567126X 1940-11-20

Publications (1)

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US2370461A true US2370461A (en) 1945-02-27

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US446804A Expired - Lifetime US2370461A (en) 1940-11-20 1942-06-12 Half-tone intaglio textile printing roller and method of producing same

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US (1) US2370461A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE442734A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH236570A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB567126A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL58670C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2878096A (en) * 1956-07-27 1959-03-17 Apponaug Company Method of printing on web material
US3129099A (en) * 1958-11-12 1964-04-14 Art Color Printing Company Method of gravure reproduction
US3198111A (en) * 1961-04-10 1965-08-03 Grace W R & Co Engraved roll application of sealing compounds

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2878096A (en) * 1956-07-27 1959-03-17 Apponaug Company Method of printing on web material
US3129099A (en) * 1958-11-12 1964-04-14 Art Color Printing Company Method of gravure reproduction
US3198111A (en) * 1961-04-10 1965-08-03 Grace W R & Co Engraved roll application of sealing compounds

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB567126A (en) 1945-01-30
NL58670C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE442734A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH236570A (de) 1945-02-28

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