US2366277A

US2366277A - Aspirator pump

Info

Publication number: US2366277A
Application number: US479657A
Authority: US
Inventors: Sr John J Madine
Original assignee: Ace Glass Inc
Current assignee: Ace Glass Inc
Priority date: 1943-03-18
Filing date: 1943-03-18
Publication date: 1945-01-02
Anticipated expiration: 1962-01-02

Description

Jan. 2, 1945.

'Ji J. MADINE, SR

ASPIRATOR PUMP Filed 'Maron 18, 1945 Patented Jan. 2, 1945 ASPIRATOR PUMP John J. Madine, Sr., Vineland, N. J., assignor to Ace Glass Incorporated, Vineland, N. J., a corporation of New Jersey Application March 18, 1943, Serial No. 479,657

5v Claims.

This invention relates to aspirator pumps of the type used to produce partial Vacua for any purpose but particularly for use in evacuating vacuum tubes. A

Another object is to furnish an aspirator pump capable of employing mercury, oil or other vaporizable liquid having suitable vapor pressure, and which liquid is converted to vapor state and the vapor forced through jets at a rapid rate; the rate varying with the dimensions of the pump.

Theinvention also consists in other features 'and advantages which will appear from the following description and upon examination of the I drawing.

The structures containing the invention may partake of different forms that may be varied in their detail and may be made of various mate. rials, preferably glass. To illustrate a practical application of the invention, I have selected a pump embodying the invention, as an example of the various structures and modifications thereof that contain the invention, and will describe the selected structure hereinafter, it being understood that variations may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. The particular structure selected, as an example, is shown in the accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the complete pump.

.Figs 2 and 3 are enlarged transverse horizontal sectional views taken on the lines 2-2 and 3-3 respectively of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view of the vapor jet in the booster side of the pump.

Referring to the drawing in which the pump is shown as made of glass or any other suitable transparent material, I designates a closed reservoir adapted to contain mercury or any other suitable liquid, and provided with a domeshaped bottom portion II designed to receive any suitable type of heating means.

A vapor discharge pipe' I2 rises from the reservoir and is branched to provide a rst passageway or tube I3, and a second passage-way or tube I4. These tubes extend upwardly respectively into a first conduit I5 anda second conduit I6, the tube I3 rising to a considerably greater height than the tube I4. The conduits are the arms of a U-shaped member I'I and the tubes extend through the bottom of this member, which bottom forms a sump I8 from which condensate lmay be drained through a pipe I9 leading back to the tube I2. A trap 20 is preferably interposed in the pipe I9.

The conduit I5 forms the pusher or down-draft side of the pump and is surrounded by a jacket 2| so as toprovide a space22 from which a coolant may be discharged through a nipple 2,3.

The coolant is introduced into the lowerportion of the space 22 through a pipe 24, leading from. "a space 25 provided by jacket .26. which surrounds the conduit I6 of the booster side of the pump. A nipple 21 may be arranged at the 'lower end portion of the jacket 26 for introducing v the coolant. The upper end of the tube I3 isr closed, as indicated at 28'and the wall of the tube'is pro- -vided below this end with one or more sets of the vapors are directed downwardly. and against the cooled wall of the conduit I 5. Obviously such structure will permit down-draft within the :conduit, and the condensate formed will 'gather in the sump I8 to be returned tothe reservoir.'l ,V

The conduit I6 is of Venturi shape and the tube I4 terminates yat the throat 32 thereof. The `end of thetube is obstructed but not closed, by a conical deector 33l (Fig. 4), the largest diameter of which is about equal to the outside diameter of the tube I4. This deilector which is arranged rat the throat, extends into the tube andis joined to the latter by a radially arranged support34. It-directsthe vapors against the cooled walls of the conduit I 6, l

The gas which is evacuated is drawn intothe conduit' I5 through a hollow extension 35, connected to the upper end of the conduit by a dome 36. A similar dome 3'I. is connected to the top of the conduitl, and a discharge or exhaust pipe 38 is connected to this dome and has an elbow end'39 terminatingwithin .the dome adjacent the side wall thereof.

It will be obvious ,that the elements are.l all fjoined where necessary'bygas tight joints.

In operation, mercury or the like in the reservoir III will be heatedand theresultantvapors from this single reservoir will flow into both tubes I3 and I4. The vapor `discharged. throughlthe holes V29 will be directed downwardly 'so as :to

condensed in the tube I6 and will flow back to the sump I8.

Persons skilled in the art will readily recognize the utility and method of utilization of such a pump in the production of partial vacua so it is unnecessary to elaborate further in this connection. They will also recognize that any suitable number oil holes 29 and deflectors' 3E may be arranged in the clown-draftside of the pump. In like manner, the up-draft side of the pump may have more than a single jet if desired.

An important feature of the pump resides in the jets used. These diiler from those of prior design in that they producea directed vapor new of increased velocity against the. cooled walls, thusincreasing efficiency. These jets areof one general type and two designs, one of which is a modification of the other, The general type is that of two or more concentric conicalfshaped deflectors, between which are. Vapor outlets, the conical-shaped pieces directing the ow in the desired manner.. By varying the dimensions of these` conical pieces and the distance separating them, the velocityV of' flow as well as the direction of now may be. controlled to a satisfactory degree.V Other variables are the size and shape of the4 vapor outlets.4 The fet at the bottom of the up-d'raft side I6 is. a special case of those appearing on the down-draft side, for while the outside conical piece 33A is. spaced'. from the internal condensing Wall, it is nevertheless a part of theet.y l

It will be recognized that thev conical pieces need not. be. exactly concentric, that is to say, the walls of the. cones need not be parallel' in order l.

tol obtain the desiredeffect.` To. further define this type. jet it may be stated that at least part of one cone should extend into the other. It may be further stated that the shape ofthe deflectors 3U. may be hemspherical, pyramidal or the like without departing from the invention.

By employing a single reservoir and a single drain pipe, I can use. a single heater for vaporization with resulting economies in the installation and manufacture of the pump.

What I claim is:

l. An aspirator pump comprising a reservoir adapted to be heated and to contain a volatile liquid, a substantially vertically disposed Venturi conduit through which a gas is to be propelled, having an upwardly flaring portion,

meansfor directly cooling said conduit, a passage-way rising from the reservoir into the conduit and terminating vbelow the throat of the venturi, and, also, below said upwardly flaring portion, means positioned at the throat for defl'ecti'ng vapors from the passage-way against the cooled conduit, and means for discharging the condensate from the vapors-v from said conduit.

2. An aspirator pump comprising a reservoir 'adapted to be. heated and to contain a volatile liquid, a `substanti-'ally vertically disposed Venturf conduit which a gas isv to be propelled, 4having am; upwardly flaring portion,` -meansfor' cooling said conclut', a. passage-way rising from the reservoir into: the conduit. and terminating below the throat of the venturi and, also, below said upwardly flaring portion, means positioned at the. discharge end of the passageway for deecting vapors against the cooled conduit, and means for discharging the condensate from the vapors from said conduit, said deflecting means comprising a substantially bi-conical member extending downwardly into the discharge end of said passage-way.

3. An aspirator pump comprising a reservoir adapted to be heated and to contain a volatile liquid, a U-shapedl member forming down-draft and up-draft conduits through which a gas is to be propelled, means for cooling said conduits, another U-shaped member rising from the reservoir and forming passageways discharging into the conduits, the portions of the passage-ways which extend into the conduits being spaced from the walls thereof and having means for discharging jets of vapor into the conduits, deflectors cooperating with the last mentioned means for directing` vapors respectively downwardly in the down-draft conduit and upwardly in the updraft conduit and against the cooled conduits, and means for discharging condensate from the vapors from said first-mentioned. U-shaped member into the reservoir.

4. An aspirator pump comprising a reservoir adapted to be heated and to contain a volatile liquid, a U-shaped member forming down-draft and up-draft conduits through which a gas is to be propelled, the 11p-draft conduit'l having a Venturi-shaped portion means for cooling said conduits, another U-shaped member rising from the reservoir and forming passageways discharging into the conduits, the portions of the passageways which extend into the conduits being spaced from the walls thereof and having' means for discharging jets of vapor into the conduits, the

means for discharging vapors into the up-draft conduit being arranged below the throat of the Venturi, and deflectors cooperating with the last mentioned means for directing, vapors respectively downwardly in the down-draft conduit and upwardly in the up-draft conduit and against the cooled conduits..

5. An aspirator pump comprising a reservoir adapted to be heated and to contain a volatile liquid, a U-shaped member positioned above the reservoir and forming down-draft and up-draft conduits through which a gas is to be propelled, means for cooling said conduits, another U- shaped member rising from said reservoir and l forming passageways discharging into the conduits, the portions of the passage-Ways which extend into the conduits being spaced from the walls thereof and provided with means for discharging vapor into the conduits, deflect-,ors cooperating with the last mentioned means and directing vapors respectively downwardly in the down-draft conduit and upwardly in the updraft conduit and into contact with the cooled walls thereof, the up-draft conduit being, re-

stricted' at the place where the vapors enter the same and having a portion flaring upwardly from said place, a sump at the bottom. of the first-mentioned U-shaped member communicating with the lower ends of the conduits, anda passage-way for returning condensate from the sump to the reservoir.

JOHN J. M'ADINE, SR.'