US236423A - faecot - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

E. D; FARCOT. Centrifugal Ventilatorl or Pump. N0. 236,423. Patentedlan. 11,1881.

N-FEIERS. PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON. D C

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EMMANUEL D. FARCOT, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

CENTRIFUGAL VENTILATOR OR PUIVIP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Application filed May 13, 1880.

To all whom fit may concern Be it known that I, EMMANUEL DENIS FARCOT, of Paris, France, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Centrifugal Ventilators or Pumps, which invention is fully described in the following specification.

This invention relates to centrifugal apparatus, ventilators, or pumps serving to propel or impart motion to iiuids, and its object is, in general, to improve the construction and operation of such apparatus.

It consists, mainly, in the following' points:

First, around the whole periphery of the revolving floats, paddles, or fans is left a free space, which forms a regulator for the uidair or water, for example. This space is comprised between the ends of the paddles or fans and the circumference of the side plates which extend beyond the outer ends of said fans or iioats. In this way eddies and other causes of disturbance are avoided, and the effective operation of the apparatus is consequently increased.

Second, the vside plates of the rotary part of the apparatus are conical, and at their circumference converge toward each other. In consequence of this convergence, thcdiittervening space becoming'less and/less, the current ot' liuid'i's subjected toan-increasing and regular contraction. This convergence of the side plates extends to the actual circumference, so that the regulating'space above mentioned hasjftsela.-section kdecreasing toward the circumference, which decrease has the effect of advancing the pressure successively and progressively, without eddying or agitation ofthe tluid, until it attains the maximum at the circumference of the plates. The pressure is the same in two successive passages or branches of the tluid-regulatorthat is, before and behind a float or fanwhereas with ordinary ventilators there is an excess of pressure ahead of afan or paddle, and a diminution in the rear thereof. My disposition of the conical Huid-regulator results in notably diminishing this difference in pressure, and consequently diminishes largely the irregular movement ofthe iiuid and loss of motive power.

Third, another peculiarity is the form of the chamber or trunk surrounding the wheel and comprised between the circumference Patent No. 236,423, dated January 1 1, 1881.

(No model.) Patented in France May 29, 1878.

thereof and the outer casing.- The most useful effect is obtained when the velocity of the iiuid in this chamber is equal to the velocity of the revolving wheel at the circumference of the tiuidre ;ulator.v This is the normal condition, and when it is obtained the iuid passes from between the fans or floats without disturbance or loss of motive power. In accordance with this rule, the precise condition will be changed in one direction or the other, according to the special use of the apparatus. It' it is to serve as an aspirator, it will be advantageous to make the inclosing` chamber or trunk somewhatlarge, for otherwise, owing to the velocitys tending to be reduced in said chamber', there would be a partial vacuum in the wheel. For a blower the section of the inclosing chamber or trunk should be Slightly reduced in section to accomplish the opposite effect. In this waya ventilator can be readily constructed, capable of effecting aspiration or forcing under the most favorable conditions by simply changing in section the chamber exterior to and surrounding the finiti-regulator. Thus, the apparatus being arranged to serve as an aspirator, it suflices to dispose in the interior ofthe chamber a removable lining', which diminishes the section ot' said chamber and converts the apparatus into a blower.

Finally, the centrifugal apparatus, made in accordance with this system, presents certain constructions, arrangements, and combina- Jtions of parts which facilitate the movement and operation under divers conditions, as hereinafter more fully set forth. The invention is equally applicable to both ventilators and centrifugal pumps.

In the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, I have shown a ventilator, which I will now proceed to describe.

Figure 1. is a longitudinal section; Fig. 2, a cross-section, and Fig. 3 a plan.

The same letters indicate like parts on all the figures.

On the shaft O is fixed the hub or boss A, to which the diaphragm B is attached. Between this and the inclined or conical side plates, C, are placed the fans or lioats D, of which the curvature is seen in Fig. l.

Instead of two side plates, as shown, (see IOO Fig. 2,) one only could be employed when a smaller curren t ofair is wanted, it being placed on the side of and inclined toward the diaphrag'm. In any case the best results are obtained by placing the ventilator in the middle I ot' the casing E, so that the conical air-regulator, formed between the outer ends of the floats or paddles and 'the plates C, empties in the middle ofthe exterior chamber' or trunk, F.

The casing E may have a uniform width or thickness, and contain on the inside a chamber increasing' successively in width, and consequently in size. By such a construction it is very easy to adapt a ventilator to whatever special purpose may be desired by separating or bringing together the plates which form the sides ofthe chamber.

In the drawings I have shown the chamber or tru nk F formed by the walls of the casing, the sheets of metal, suitably curved, which compose the same being riveted together.

It'the ventilator is to be used as an aspirator, a box or aspiration-chamber, Gr, is secured on one ofthe faces ofthe apparatus, and it is attached to the casing of the ventilator and upon the supporting-i'rame X so as to be readily removed in order to form a blowing or airforcing apparatus.

Entrance into the apparatus ot' the oil used for lubricating is prevented by means of diaphragm-plates c, Fig. 2.

The circular or annular projections d are designed to prevent the air from passing between the side plates, U, and the casing. lt is the Ineans ot' making a hermetic joint without causing friction or wear.

The holes o in the hub or boss A permit an equilibrium of pressure upon opposite sides ot' the diaphragm, and thus lateral pressure is avoided.

The frame or support X sustains the casing, as explained above, land permitsthe apparatus to be used as a tbrcing apparatus or as au aspirater.

Vent-ilators for various purposes-#for houses, mines, &c.can be made in accordance with this invention, and so, also, can centrifugal pumps ot' various kinds.

rlhe apparatus can be made of various forms and of any suitable material.

The chamber or trunk surrounding the rotary wheel can be rectangular, circular, or of other suitable form in cross-section, and the progressive contraction or expansion can be obtained in the several forms by the construction otl the casing itself, or by movable linings or envelopes.

Having thus fully described my said invention and the manner in which the same is or may be carried into effect, what I claim, and desireto secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a centrifugal apparatus, the rotating wheel having the side plates extending beyond the outer ends ot the floats or fans, as set forth.

2. A rotary wheel for a centrifugal apparatus, comprising a number of oats or fans, and side plates converging toward the periphery thereot' and extending beyond the outer ends ot' said floats or fans, as set forth.

3. The combination of a revolving wheel, comprising a series of fans or fioats and side plates revolving with said fans or lioats, and a chamber or trunk surrounding said wheel and having an interior capacity proportioned relatively thereto as indicated, so that the velocity of the iiuid therein corresponds with that of the circumference ot' thewheel, substantially as described.

4. The combination, with the revolving wheel, comprising anumber ot' fans or oats and side plates extending beyond the outer ends ot' said fans or floats and converging toward the circumference, ot' the surrounding chamber or trunk, increasing in cross-section toward the outlet, substantially as described.

5. The combination, with a revolving shaft, ot' a diaphragm, tloats, and a side plate orside pla-tes, said diaphragm having the said floats attached thereto on one or both sides and extending to or beyond the outer ends of said floats, substantially as described.

6. The combination ot' the revolving shaft, diaphragm secured thereto, iioats or fans, and conical side plates extending beyond the outer end ot' said floats or fans, substantially as described.

7. A centrifugal pump, ventilator, or similar apparatus comprising the following elements in combination: a supporti11g-frame, a shaft roo turning in bearings thereon, a wheel revolving with said shaft and comprising lio-ats or fans held between side plates, converging toward the circumference, and extending beyond the outer ends ot' the oats or fans, a casing, 105

and a chamber or trunk surrounding the wheel and formed as indicated, so that the Huid therein will havel the same velocity as the periphery ot' said wheel.

In witness whereotl l have hereunto signed 11o

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