US2363410A - Bellows type pump - Google Patents

Description

' E. R. GILL, SR

BELLOWS TYPE PUMP Nov. 21, 1944.

Filed May 16, 1942 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 -94! e M ATTORNEY.

Nov. 21, 1944.

R. GILL, 'SR BELLOWS TYPE PUMP Filed ma 16, 1942 4 Sheets-Sheet. 4

A INVENTCR. BY fm$4g flashing oi liquid being pumped,

Patented Nov; 21, 1944 I I 2363,41- 1 I 'BELnows TYP' uMPQf} i R. Gill, Sr; I-lastings oniIudsorrQNt1E2 1 .My invention relates" to diaphragm or" bellows pumrrs and it is an object or the "invention mappingscontinuous stream and. in; which in- I tpmal pressures arez'equalijzed so-thatthepump oairbe used forthi h vpressure "work with small energy input, .and'fwh'ich is constructed so as to no gas'trappingi'shace; making this pump .particul'arly useful rorpumpm mw boiling point I liqui s, and{ i hiha afri wf ndi improved v ve structure; and arrangement? which eliminates A pumpnibpdying this invention is described ense-cues with 'the ijaccom'panying drawings forming a" part ofthis specification and or-which; I

' 'j, nmiucat bn May-16, lsca s'rial' vo.44-31190 rol ims. (erro s-44a) to a small pulley '25 on'g motolr. I12. "Pulley 24 is connected'by a beltjll to, pulley T201011 shaft J9. Bracket 21' is. mounted; on baseplate It so that it pivots slightly. This permits te sionon the belts and 21 to be simply and evenly adjustedby movement of motor 12.1; Around the jacksha'ft 2' 2 within the legs or bracket 2 s a sleeve' 220:. which forms. a bearing for theja'ck'shaft 221 The part of :shaft l9; between the bearing'bosts I4 and I5 is'of a larger diameter than the journalje'd ends of the shaft so thatendwise play thereof is limited. I

r1;t11ieunderfsice of'ba'seplate l3 are'suspended four similar bellowslassembliesindicated generally by the reie'r'encecharacters, 2'9, and 3 I bellows, 'asserfnloly' is shown section in r Fig. 5;" Onefend 'iof a cylihdrical' bellows 32 is Fig. 11 is a side-eleven nof'ap lmnembodying the-invention! 1 Fig. 2 is a view taken 0 f cr'm qa, 5 l to v. *Fi'g'; 4 is a det'aile-d vlewpartl 'j in section'oh nga 5; s "a 'detailedfviewfia rtly in section on line5--'-iri=1ig.2'.' I'I I' j Fig: e e i w We m 'e n Fig; "1'' is a sectional vet on 1'ine 1 1.m Fig. and *1 r I 'Fig'.- 8'mbf or less diagrammatically shows a circulating fluid type heat transfer system em. mymg a pumptixe thatshbwn' in Figsil' to 7'. Referring to- Figs. land Z'of'the drawings, a

detailed see onal view on line I -3 ting 35. Thus; the-upper ena t bellows 32 is seouiied' to a 'g'land nllt 33;, and the other end .is securedfto a similar gland nut134. One end ,ora

fittingjijis threadedthrough'baseplate13. The

'gland' 'r'iut' S3isthr'eaded on the other end of fitfixedto'the baseplate I3. The Iower'g1andnut'34 is threaded on a post 36'. This Post projects upward through bellows 3 2 and its upper end is rectangular angle-iron frame-1'0 supports atiit's top aplate Ii. A motor 1221s suspended 1mm rilate H. A pumpbaseblate l3 is also suspenflediromplate fill-"straps" M and [5 are to'th'e "1'lmilejrside of baseplate ,l3. These I i ss' m t i $i$;.' A thelow'er d of bearingfpostjo aresecured a pair. or blocks. llI Ohe end of a shaft I! is held by'blocks IS.

The other'end of-shaft it is held by a similar pair of blocksin post l i hbove blocks. 16 are a" air ofbearin'gfbiocks [83 in which "is 'joumaled one end of ai'shaft l9. Theloth'er end ofshsifli I! is journaied ih fa'. similar pair of bear me blocks'in post 15. eens "of shaft 1-9 pm- -Jeets beyond post mass on this end of the shaft,

there is securedlaf'grooved pu11ey20; An inverteu U shapedbracketil is suspended from bziseplate' 18;) A'jackshaft2'2 is journaled'in the ends of bracket 21; Onone end or; jackshaft 22 thereissecureoa grooved 'pu lley 23. other end of "shaft 2'2 therepisfsecured a small pulley *i'lt- ?ulley* 23is connected by'a'jbelt 25.

On the;

slidablyjou'rnaled in fitting as, A passage 3.1 in

post Staffordsi communication from the interior of belloWsSZIwith the pas sag e through fitting 35. Each of the four bellows. assemblies are like that described.

,Twoinverted T-shaped rocker arms 3 8and 39 crosshead in the legofl'rockerarmjil'. Shaft of rockerarm'38. I I I When motor 12 is operated it causes shaft 18. ,to be revolved by" the previously described belt I9 has'a second eccentric portion-or crank which is journaled' in the crosshead in thelegportion and pulley'conne'ctions. 'I urning shaft '19 causes the crank 'or eccentric portion to revolve in a circle of the radius of its eccentricity. Revolu tion of the. crank 42 causes the 'crosshead "4| to reciprocate-in groove. ,40 and this'fcornbined motion resultsin oscillation of rocker arm 39, As rocker arm 39 oscillates, the bellows assemblies 30 and 3| expand and contract in alternation. The movement of the bellows is limited to movement in the direction of their lengths or axis by the posts, such as post 36 in bellows 3D. The extent of this movement is entirely limited by the throw of crank 42. The bellows may be made of beryllium copper which has a high degree of resiliency and has been found desirable for this purpose. The eccentrics or cranks associated with rocker arms 38 and 39 are arranged substantially at 90 to each other, so that the several bellows are compressed one at a time in sequence.

Referring to Fig. 5, the upper end of fitting 35 is connected to one end of a conduit 43. Referring to Fig. 2, bellows assembly 3| is similarly: connected to one end of a conduit 44. Bellows 28 and 29 are similarly connected to conduits 45 and 46. Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 4, the

other ends of conduits 43 to 46 inclusive'are connected respectivelyto valve casings 4]. 48, ,49 p and 50. e ,upp r ends of valve cas n ,v L to .50 inclusive are connected respectivelyby conduits 5|, 52, 53 and154to. a head'er'55'r, The' lower ends of valve casings; 411m 59 inclusive arecone n'ected respectively to conduitsifi, 51,58 and 59 to a header so. The headn'BIl-is located atan elevation higher than that. of the .valve casings 41 to 50. inclusive. Y" The conduits 1 56 Y to; 59 in: elusive are each termed downwardloopswhich may be referred toas u-benlds In Fig. 4, the.valve1jcasing 41' is slrown in ver; iba e tiona n he ubperpa t b t e 95 ing 4'|, above the connection thereto of conduit 43, thereis aivalve 'memberQGI. 1 Valve member 6| 'is a small flat,,hexagonally shaped member shaped asshownin the detail pl'an view of 6 and the 'vertical section inFig. 77."; The casing, '41 is formed to provide an. annular recess in which the valve m emberfl is locate" \Thevalve meme ber 6| Lisfree; Its movement is co'nflnedto' the recess infwhich it is located. Theheight of this recess is {such that the'valve member. 6|

cannot be tipped up on its edge... The valve No. -2, l82,934 t. A. R. Thomas. a this system "there'is a coolingunit or evaporator 65 of refrigeration apparatus of the diffusion type like that shown and described inIF'atent No. 2,207,838 of it. R. Thomas. The looking unit65 constitutes a source of refrigeration and comprises an outer shell which is embedded. in heat insulating material 66.- Liquid refrigerant-is introduced into the upper part of the cooling element 65 through a conduit 61. Inert gas enterstheupper-part of the cooling..elementfrom the upper end of a cylinder. located-within the shell; A cylindrical pipe coil 69 is located in the annular space around .thecylinder 68.. The liquid refrigerant flows downward. over the exterior surface of the pipe. coil 69. Thedescending liquid evaporates and diffuses into the hydrogen, providing a refrigerating efiect to cool the pipe coil 69.

' A second evaporator 10 is. arranged to cool a thermally insulated refrigerator storage compartment H which is located on an upper floor, or at some higher elevation than the refrigerating apparatus. The evaporator 10 comprises a pipe coil 13 provided with heat transfer fins I4, and a header 12 to which the ends of the pipe coil 13 are connected.

The upper part of evaporator header I2 is connected by a conduit 15 to the upper end of the pipe coil 69, which maybe referred to as a condenser or a condensing. coil. The upper part of the evaporator header 12 is also connected by a pipe 64 to the header 55 of the previously described pump. The'pipe 64 is shown provided with a thermal insulation covering 16. The lower end of condenser coil 69 is connected by a pipe "63 to the header 60 of the pump. The pump header 60 is also connected by a vent pipe 11 and a part of pipe 15 so as to be incommunication with the upper end of condenser coil 69.

Ifhe system comprising the evaporator 10 and the condensercoil 69 andthe. pump and the described interconnecting conduits form a circuit which is, charged with a suitable volatile heat transfer fluid. ,This fluid,may be methyl chloride or it may. be "one of the-refrigerant fluids known in the trade as ffFreonf... The liquid refrigerant is cooled by evaporation in the evaporator 10 to providea cold.element.forcoolingthe refrigerator. compartment. H. -,The resulting vapor flows through pipe 15 to thecondenser coil 69. The refiigerant vaporuis liquefied by condensation in coil .69. ,Intthismanner heat is transferred from the elavated refrigerator compartment 1| tqthe downstairs refrigerating apparatus represented bythecooling element 65. The, pump is provided to raise the. condensed refrigerant/from the condenser coil 69back up to the evaporator header 12.. s 1 Liquid refrigerant fiOWS from the lower end of condenser coil 69 through conduit 63 intothe pump header 69. The liquid flows from header 60 throughconduits43to 46 inclusive to the pump inlet checkvalves 62.; The fact that header 60 is located above the valve-assemblies 41 mill-inclusive insures a head oi liquid for-flow through the checkvalv'e 62 into the pump ba llows The pump is. startedby energizing the mo'to'r l2. Control of themotor I? may be provided in any. of various known manners as, for instance,.iby ia thermostatic device responsive to a temperature condition in as'uitable-part of the system; or by a pressurestat device responsive to a. pressure condition in a suitablepart of the system. During operation of the pump, the bellows 28 -tofl3l inclusiveexpand and contract in a certain sequence. The cranks such as crank 42 which oscillate the'walking beams 38 and 39 are displaced Thus-for instance, while bellows 30,.isbeing compressed,-its companion or associated bellows 3| is being expanded. Bellows 30 reaches maximum compression at the same instant thatbellows 3| reaches maximum expan-- quarter revolution of the shaft l9. Also, anotherbello'ws reaches maximum expansion each quarter revolution of the shaft l9. As shown in Fig..

5, the bellows 30 is'half compressed and the bellows 3| is half expanded. Atthe same instant,.as shown in Fig.1, bellows 28 is fully com-- t hroug arid-bell? 's fiisf raiw' emaaaeai Afterthe next quarter tiiifii tlieflbellbfis"N -will lie an: was Breaches as saaewega' Wri e an: was was r a, were elieves are be daisies-ea assesses a r iii i aa-- fines-satisfies as gen es-ass ssins sentweises 'tliioi d'e fi'zt o 4 v MIA...

-saiemefi of liquid takes Place while the pump is in operation in the previously described sequence.v Thus, there is continuous flow of liquid into the header 55. Liquid starts to enter header 55 from pipe 5! before liquid flow 1 into the header from pipe 53 has stopped. Liquid starts to flow into header 55 from pipe 54 before flow into the header from pipe 5! has stopped. Liquid starts to enter header 55 from conduit 52 before flow into the header from conduit 54 has stopped. The little flat hexagonalvalve buttons GI and 62 with their upward peripheral projections provide for smooth flow of liquid past these valve I members. These members, due to their flat construction, lift fully upon liquid flow in the proper direction. Thus, there is no throttling or spraying of the liquid as in the case of ball checks- A ball check tends to fall back onto its seat and rides in the liquid stream, especially upon open ing of the valve, causing the liquid to spray out and around the ball member. This throttling or spraying results in vaporization or flashing of liquid in the case of low boiling point liquids.

At the joint where pipe 53 is connected to the l I: x. w-u l1: i s occupie by liquid.

gangsta from the several pump bellows.

inlet header 6!], see Fig. 8, there is inserted in .the line a strainer providing an extensive surface withoutrequiring enlargement of the line. This joint and the strainer are shown in detail in Fig. 3. One end of a nipple 8B is threaded into the'header 6D. The other end of the nipple 80 is connected to the end of pipe 63 by a flare nut joint. The strainer BL is in'the form of a long narrow cone made of suitable screening ma- .terial. The rim of the cone is flared outward and the evaporator header 12. If desired, a known liquid flow restricter or metering valve may be placed at the upper end of pipe 64. This may be a well known expansion valve. With such known provision, liquid is maintained in the pump header and pipe 64 at a higher pressure, making for lower thermal loss in these parts.

Any one wishing to practice this invention in connection with pumping of low boiling point fluids is advised tohave the header at an appreciable distance above the pipes 43 to 45 liquid overflows at the upper end of pipe 64 into answerer/sane pises 'sewss inemswe 5 o'tiiiiifofth I be referred toas a manifold. Itis probably more seen in Figs. 3 and 4, do not have any large liquid storage capacity but merely constitute a passage for distribution and collection of liquid to and The liquid is wanted in the evaporator and not in the pump. This is true of any pump installation. The purpose of the pump is usually to get a fluid from one point to another and not to store it.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 4, it will be seen that vapor bubbles that may be formed in any of the right hand legs of the U-loops 56 to 59 inclusive have free upward flow to the inlet header 50 which is vented to the condenser by conduit 11. Any vapor which is formed in the left hand legs of theseloops has a free upward path through the upwardly unidirectional valves'and the conduits 5| to 54 inclusive tothe manifold 55.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 5, the internal pressure in bellows 30 acts in opposite direction to and thereby opposes the internal pressure in bellows 3| due to the association of these bellows through the walking beam 39. Thesame is true of the bellows 28 and 29 which are associated through the Walking beam 38. In this manner the internal pressure in the system nullifies itself as far as concerns the requirement of external energyfor operating the pump. Thus, the motor l2 need supply only the amount of energy necessary for displacement of the liquid or to exert the required pressure on the liquid above that existing in the system.

Various changes and modifications may be made within the scopeof the invention as set forth in the following claims.

I claim:

1. A bellows type pump comprising a cylindrical bellows fixed at one end and movable at the other end, the movable end of said bellows being closed, a shaft inside of said bellows having one end rigidly secured to the closed end of said bellows; the other end of said shaft being slidably journaled in a passage in the fixed end of said bellows to restrict movement of said bellows to the direction of its axis, and a passage in said shaft for permitting flow of fluid into and from said bellows.

2. A pump comprising a supportstructure, a

pair of vertical bellows of substantially the same I cross-sectional area each having an upper end fixed to said structure and a lower end free to be reciprocated, a post in each of said bellows,

eade r su W eachgpost beingsecured to thelown-rc end of the bellows andhaving its upper end slider journaled in said structure to restrict reciprocation of the bellows to the direction of its axis, a conduit for conducting fluid to and from each of said bellows, a passage through each of said posts for the communication betwe .the interior of said' bellows and said condui' a walking beam mounted on said structure and having equal length arms operatively connected to the lower ends of said bellows, the lower ends of said bellows being closed, and motor driven mechanism for oscillating said walking beam to compress and expand respectively said bellows in alternation.

3Q A pump comprising two assemblies as set forth in claim 2 and'in which said motor driven mechanism includes a pair of cranks displaced from'each other through 90, each crank having associated therewith a yoke and cross head drive Ior'oscillating one of the walking beams, wheremea re by; the four bellows are compressed and expanded respectively inoverlappingsequence. p,

4. A pump including a plurality of valve casings each providing an uprightpassage for flow of .fluid, a pair of upward directional check valves arranged one above the other in each of said passages, a corresponding pluralityof expansible and contractible elements each connected to a respective one of said passages at a point intermediate said valves, each connection being made from the top of the respective element and having no descent from said element to said passage, an inlet conduit connected to the lower end of each of said passages and projecting to an elevation above that of the connection to said passage of one of said elements, an inlet manifold located at said upper elevation and connected to said inlet conduits, and an outlet manifold located above said valve casings and connected to the upper ends of said passages. EDWIN R. GILL, SR.

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