US2361399A

US2361399A - Fuel pumping and distributing device

Info

Publication number: US2361399A
Application number: US327834A
Authority: US
Inventors: Carl F High
Original assignee: Ex-Cell-O Corp
Current assignee: Ex-Cell-O Corp
Priority date: 1940-04-04
Filing date: 1940-04-04
Publication date: 1944-10-31
Anticipated expiration: 1961-10-31

Description

Oct. 31, 1944., l-HGH 7 2,361,399

FUEL PUMPING .AND DISTRIBUTING DEVICE Filed A ril 4, 1940 s Sheets-Sheet 1 Oct. 31, 1944. w an HIGH I FUEL PUMPING AND DISTRIBUTING DEVICE Filed April 4, 194 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEY.

FUEL PUMPING AND DISTRIBUTING DEVICE Filed April 4, 1.940. 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 I V 190 I 5g 20 .21 INV'ENTOR.

ATTORNEY.

Patented ct. 3-1, 1944 k I I -rrso srA TEsif oF FlE, roar. PUMPINg #:DlSTltIlsUTiNG a Carl F. High, Muskegon. Mich 'assignor, by m'esne assignments, to Ex-Cell-O Eorporation, Detroit, Mich, a corporation-of lifichigan Application April 4, 1940. Serial No. 327,834 13 Claims. (01. 123-139) My invention relates to' liquid fuel injectors metering means incorporated with the fuel inand more particularly to one embodying a fuel 'jector unit as illustrated in Fig. 1,

Pump and means for measuring and pumping Fig. 4A is a detail transverse sectional view of liquid fuel to a plurality of engine cylinders. tire pump inlet taken on the line fill-4A of Fig. 1; p More particularly the present fuel pump is con- 5 Figs. 5A to 5G inclusive are views showing astructed and-arranged to include fuel metering series of positions assumed by -the distributor means on the suction side of the pump and a valve in distributing the fuel to the ultimate pump plungeroperable in timed relation with the p e of Consumption, is View particularly l engine which drivessame to pump liquid fuel and trating the series. of pesitiens umed by the-- to'distribute same to a plurality of fuel outlet distributo v e in ist i ti t iquid. u to means. More particularly my vinvention emthe conduits leading to the engine cylinders,

bodies a pumpplunger driven with a combined 1 g.- 6 is a fragment y en ed. a sv e reciprocating and rotating motion. sectional view through the distributor valve taken In some embodiments of my invention, the substantially on the-line 6-6 of Fig-l, x

pump plunger which is operable to distribute the Fig. '7 is an enlarged detail sectional 'viewof 4 fuel is constructed to discharge fuel from one or the liq fuel throttle Valve Showing. 1low t more discharge passages which may register at fuelis 'metered as the same is introduced into predetermined periods with separate and distinct the int ke passage leadin to the suction side of discharge passages in the pump housing. or with t e p p. a ta s b a y 0n t e li a single discharge passage leading to 'a'liquid fuel "l---'! of Fig. 4, I distributing device.

Another object of-my present invention is to i c r t Co structed similar toFig- 1 y Fig.8 is a fragmentary sectional view of a fuel facilitate engine operation by providing a fuel showing I modified fuel intake construction e pumping, metering and distributing unit of combodying a filtering device,- pact design and of economical construction which Fig. 9"is a plan view of another type of fuel makes possible the assembly of the pumping i injector device particularly constructed for as-- with an aircraft engine power plant, sembly with a four cylinder engine, and having Other objects of my invention relate tovarious a pair of p mp unitsand e p 11f.of fuel outlets features of construction and operation embodyassociated With each p mp'u ing improved controlling and operating devices 10 iS a side elevationel V a fuel and improved means for lubricating the moving jester device illustrated in F parts of the unit. Fig. 11 is a longitudinal sectional .view through For a more detailed understanding of my in-- this device taken on the line I l-ll of Fig. 9, vention, reference may be had to the accompany- Fi 11A is a detailed transverse sect on l View ing drawings illustrating various preferred em- '35 ofthe pump discharge taken on the line lIA-l IA bodiments of my invention and illustrating in 0f detail the various features .and improvements as 1 s detail transverse sectional hereinafter described, and in which like parts i of the pump inlet passages taken substantially on,

are identified by like reference characters the e -HB Of Fig. 11

throughout th Several views, and in which; Fig. 12-is a transverse sectional view of the Fig. 1 is a longitudinal secti nal i through injector taken substantially on the line -I2--l2 my fuel injector pump embodying a rotating n of- Fig. 9 and showing the intake fuel metering reciprocating Dump plunger and a distributing valve which embodies aneccentric throttle 'valve.

device all of which are operated from a single Operable t ut off e fl 0f-f11el; driving element driven by the engine associated i 13 s a fragmentary s ti View. s

therewith, this fuel injector device being particuing a mo i ed fuel'meterin valve construct vlarly constructed for assembly with a seven cyl- Fig. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view of 'aninder radial engine and'timed to provide a fuel other type f fuel inje t unt d di ect y o injection to each cylinder of the engine oncefor an engine and incorporating additional struceach two revolutions of the engine crankshaft, tural features as will be hereinafter described in Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view on the line detail. 2-4, Fig. 1'. reduced in. scale and illustrating I 15 is an elevational view of an injector of means for driving the plurality of pumping inmodified construction, strumentalities, w .Fig] 16 i a detailed sectional view of the Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view taken on modified construction shown iri Fig. 15 in which the line 3'- of Fig. 1, and illustrating iii-detail the interconnected air and .fuel throttle'means the pump unit and. its relation with the fuel disare relatively adjustable, said view being taken charge passages in the pump housing, substantially on the line. l6-l6 of Fig. 1'7,

Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view on the line Fig. 17 is a plan view of the construction shown Q i ust at g n detail the fuel intake '60 in Fig. 16 and illustrating in detail the adjustport,

Fig. 25A is a similar sectional view showing the the fuel intake and discharge passages and the plurality of pump units incorporated with the structure shown in Fig. 19 and taken substan: tially on the line 20'2ll of Fig. 19,

Fig. 21 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line 2I2l. of Fig. 19 and illustrating in detailthe liquid fuel metering valve,-

Fig. 22 is a transverse sectional view of another type of fuel injector in general similar to sectional view Fig. 20 and showing the fuel intake and discharge passages particularly constructed for an injector adapted for assembly with an eight cylinder engine,

Fig. 23 is a detail elevational view showing a fuel injector assembled with a multi-cylinder engine and illustratingparticularly the fuel conduits or lines connecting the injector with the several engine cylinders,'

Fig.- 24 is a fragmentary sectional view of an injector of modified construction adapted for assembly direct on an enginesimilarly as the injector illustrated in Fig. 14, a

Fig. 25 is a sectional. detail view of a multiple outlet injector pump plunger showing the inlet outlet ports, 1

Fig. 26 is a sectional detail view of another form of multiple outlet injector pump plunger showing the inlet port, and

Fig; 26 A i's a similar sectional view showing the outlet ports.

Referring more particularly to the injector il lustrated in Figs. 1 to 8 inclusive, it will be noted that this construction is particularly designed for application with an engine having an odd number of cylinders and more particularly the injector proper is provided with an odd number of liquid fuel outlets. .This particular construction is especially designed for assembly with a particularly compact and light in. weight so as to be applicable to an aircraft engine.

The fuel injector comprises a composite hous ing' structure A consisting of complementary housing sections or portions a, b, c, dand e. The housing portion a carries abearing ill for supporting a central driving shaft H to which is pinned a beveled gear l2 meshing with a beveled gear l3 driven in any'suitable manner from an engine driven. element. It. will be noted that the driving shaft l|--is preferably driven at a.

speed which is 2V; :2 of-engine crankshaft speed. The inner end of -the driving shaft II is supported in a'bearing ll carried by the housing portionb and carries an intermediate pinion l5 [arid a second pinion l6 located adjacent the inner end thereof.

Housing portion 0 is'cast with a plurality, of pump cylinders II in which the -.rotat1ng and reciprocating pump units It are operable. The pump cylinders (three in number) are nested about the central drive shaft II and are preferably equally angularly spaced fromeach other and are located. substantially equidistant from the drive shaft ll. Said casing 0 also supports the rotating distributor valve 19 which valve is provided with a gear or pinion 20 at one end meshing with the gear l6 carried by the drive shaft and a pinion 2| at theother end, this pinion or gear 2| forming the driving element of a pump for pumping liquid fuel into the receiving chamber 22 carried by housing portion 0.

The ratio between the gear 20 and pinion I6 is such as to drive the distributor rotor l9 at a speed so that the same will rotate one complete revolution for each two revolutions of the engine crankshaft, in other words, at one half engine crankshaft speed. The ratio between gear 20 and pinion I6 is 2 /31. with the gear 23 pinned or otherwise secured to the pump plunger I8 is 1:2 so that these pump plungers are rotated at a speed which is onehalf the speed' of the driving shaft ll.

The liquid fuel enters into the intake duct 24 in housing portion e from the feed line 25 and. is pumped into chamber 22. Referring particularly to Figs. 1 and 4 it will'be observed that the fuel is introduced into-the depending intake pipe 26 and then into the intake passage 21 formed .by the drilled hole in the housing structure which extends substantially transverse thereof, substantially normal to the axis ofthe pump plunger 0 IS. A liquid fuel metering valve is fitted into this i drilled hole 21" and consists of a stem 28' which may be angularly adjusted manually to control the amount of fuel. admitted into the intake passage 29 leading to the liquid fuel pump.-

This valve is; constructed to provide a. sleeve-like cylinder extension 29' (see Fig. 7) which has an internal bore 30 and a transverse port 3| which is ,angularly adjusted the opening into the pocket communicates with a segmental crescent shaped groove or slot 32. The 'fuel which is introduced into chamber 21 enters the bore 30 thence flowing through the port 3!, cresent groove 32, and into the pocket 33. It will be noted that as the valve 33 at 34 is adjusted'ln area, and it maybe observed that as this valve is adjusted in the direction as indicated by the arrow 35. (Fig. 7) that the area of the opening at 34 will be increased to permit-the flow of a greater volume of fuel into the pocket 33. This pocket 33 communicates with seven cylinder radial engine and is constructed I the intake passage 29 through a port 36, and preferably I assemble a fuel pressure equalizer fixture or fuel distributing control device '31 in this port 36 which fixture is slotted at one end as at 38 and provides an internal passage 39 through which th liquid fuel flows on its way to the fuel pump. The slot 38 is preferably arranged to extend at substantially right angles to the flow of fuel. This insert is located to provide a restricted opening at 38:: so that substantially all the fuelmust enter into the fixture 31 through the ends of the slot 38. The internal bore of fixture 31 is substantially uniform in cross section throughout its entire length and the fuel, either in a liquid form or semi-gaseous state attains a degre of equilibrium as it flows through this fixture and will be substantially uniformly distributed to passages 29 and 2911. A plug All is fitted within the bore 30 of the valve and carries an extension M of reduced diameter which extends across the port 3! and serves to reduce the volume of the intake passage 30 to reduce the effect of liquid fuel surge to facilitate the normal fiow of liquid fuel through the port St.

The position of the pump plunger la in Fig. l

is at th beginning of intake or at the end of dis- The ratio of the pinion l5 charge. This plunger reciprocated by means of a. Wobble plate cam 42 which is splined. with a reduced diameter portion 53 of the pinion l5.

The gears 23 are provided with a spherical recessed portion 44 in which is seated the convex cam follower 45 having a fiat face engaging the cam surface 46 of the cam 42. As this cam is rotated the plunger is forcedv inwardly of the pump cylinder 41 against the resistance of spring 68, this spring 48 exerting a force outwardly so as to maintain the cam follower E5 constantly in contact With the cam surface 46. In the position illustrated in Fig. 1 and Fig. 4A, it will be noted that the intake passage 49 of the pump plunger is moving into registration with the passage 29 v as the pump plunger is begirming its outward movement. The liquidfuel is thus'introduced into the pump chamber 50 as indicated by arrow 5!, said fuel filling the chamber 50 which in its spaced position will have a length as indicated at 52. The intake cycle will-.take place substantially for about a 90 degree angular travel of the plunger 48, and, as the'intake closes the outlet passage 53 is brought into registration with the outlet passage 54 in the housing portion 0. At

this time the plunger I8 is at the upper end,

of its stroke and is beginning the pumping stroke, said plunger now beginning to displace the fuel and force same through the internal passage 55 in said pump plunger through said-discharge passage 53 into passage 54 and thence through the intake 56 in the distributor valve is and into the internally drilled hole or passage 51, from which passage the liquid fuel is caused to flow through the passages .58, tothe various fuel outlets. It will be observed'that in the position shown in Fig. v1, the passage outlet 58 connected with cylinder I, is in registration with the uppermost port 59 in the distributor valve body. The

timing of the distributor valve and the pump held in registration with the various outlet passages 58 concurrently with the registration of pump outlet passages 53 with'passages 5d and thus a column of fuel is successively moved through the said passage to the various discharge passages 58. In Figs. 5A to 50 inclusive I have.

illustrated diagrammatically how these discharge passages 58, which'lead to the various engine cylinders are successively brought into registrar tion with the

discharge ports

59,5941, 5%,590,

59d, 59c and 591 of the distributor valve I9.

Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic time diagram showing the relationship of each of the distributor valve discharge ports with the discharge passages 58. In order to conserve length it will be noted properly p'roportioning the gears which drive the distributor valve, l9 and the pump plungers l8.

It will be noted that the parts a, b, c, d and e ofthe pump housing are secured together by suitable bolts, the bolts 60 securing parts a, b and 0 together while the bolts 6! secure the parts (1 and e to portion c.

The various moving parts of the above described mechanism are lubricated as will hereinafter be described. The lubricating oil is introduced into the passage 62 in housing portion a and thence fed into the circular groove 63 then through the transverse passage or duct 64- into the central 'or axial drilled passage or hole 65 in the driving shaft H. The lubricating oil enters the chamber 66 formed by spacing the inner end of shaft 1 i from the wall 61 of the housing and is then fed through the passage 68 into the an-' nular chamber 69 about the pump cylinder H, and through the transverse duct 10 into an' annular groove H on the pump plunger. Some of this lubricating oil is thus allowed to spread in a film on the surface of the pump cylinder to lubricate same andsome is fed outwardly of the pump plunger through the central axial passage 12 to the upper end thereof and through the v v passage 13 to lubricatethe camsurface 6. The

pump plunger is provided with an annular groove 14 intermediate the groove H and the fuel outlet passages 53. The cylindrical portion of the pump plunger cylinder intermediate port 10 and port 15, which latter port communicates with the annular groove 14 has a very close fit .With the plunger in order to minimize leakage '40 plunger is such that the various. ports 59 are that the discharge passages 58 leading to cylinders I, 2, 3 and 4 arealigned one above the other in on plane while the passages 58 leading to cyi-lnders '5, 6, and l are aligned one above the other in anothenplane. i

. It will be noted that the pump plunger i8 is continuously rotating and carries a pair of oppositely extending discharge passages 53 angularly' spaced 180 degrees apart. The pump has two discharges for each revolution and each discharge enters the common discharge passage 56.

The construction of the three pump plungers' shown in detail in Hg. -3 is such that for every rotation of the distributor valve, one of thesep'ump plungers discharge passage 53 is brought into registration with the passage 54 and a predetermined volume of liquid fuel is moved through the system and discharged into an engine cylinder. This is accomplished by of the lubricating oil into the annular groove 14. .1 preferably provide a'system in which the oil pressure forcing the lubricating oil to the various elements to be lubricated is greater than the fuel pressure and therefore if there is any leakage resulting in intermingling of the fuel and lubricating oil, the lubricating oil leaks into the fuel, instead of the fuel leaking into the lubri eating. oil. The drain passage 15 obviously drains any leakage of fuel and oil along the surface of the pump plunger back into the intake chamber 22, and any minute portion of the lubricating oil which may find its Way into the chamber 22 is readily carried along with the fuel and burned in the engine.

In Fig. 8 I have illustrated a modified construction andhave shown a portion of an injector substantially similar in construction and operation to that illustrated in Fig. 1. This modified construction is more compact and is provided with an intake valve structure and includes an intake passage 8| connected with a chamber 82 formed by a glass bell 83. secured to the under side of the injector housing. The liquid fuel is caused to flow from chamber 82 through a filter screen 84, thence into passage 85 and into an'intake chamber 22' similar'in purpose of the intake chamber 22.

' 92 functioning the same as driving shaft H as described in connection with the injector illustrated in Figs. 1 to 8 inclusive. In view of the fast that this injector is designed for application cam face 91 is splined to the gear teeth 03 as The timing of the pumpplunger is such as to provide an intake period for filling thepump chamber IIIi with liquid fuel'and then as the the two pump plungers 95. A. cam 06 having a at 98 and it will be noted that in this case the gear ratio between the gear 94 and gear 93 is 2:1 while the cam 96 is rotated at the same speed as the drive shaft 92. It will therefore heob-- served that the plungers 95 aremoved up and down two complete strokes for each complete rotation. a

The liquid fuel is introduced to the injector.

pump from the fuel line 99 into the intake port I (see Fig. 12). A fuel metering valve structure I0 I is supported by the boss 'I 02 of the housing and comprises a tubular sleeve I03 preferably angularly adjusted manually by the arm I04, this sleeve I03 being provided with a segmental crescent shaped V-groove I05 and transverse' port I06 similar in construction. and operation to the valve 29 shown in Fig. 7. The fuel is metered by adjustably positioning this valve sleeve I03 and controls the column of fuel admitted into the fuel intake passages I01. Pref-- erably a fuel pressure equalizer fixture I08 is assembled in the fuel intake passage in the same manner as in the injector constructed for seven cylinder engine operation and illustrated in Fig. 1. In addition this fuel metering valve carries an eccentric shut-off valve I09 manually actuated by arm H0 and serving as a manual fuel mixture control. 'In the position shown in Fig.

12, the eccentric shut-ofl' valve is in open po-' plunger is moved to displace .the fuel in this chamber IIIi the discharge port or passage II3.is brought into registrationwitheither the passage H4 or II5 to discharge the fuel intoone of the fuel lines II1 leading to the engine cylinders.

The fundamental-principle of operation .of the pumping unit shownin'Figs. 9 to 13 inclusive is substantially the's'ame as the pumping unit illustrated in Figs. 1 to 7-inclus ive. In the pumping unit, first described, the pump plunger had two discharge passages 53 which. were successively brought into registration with the passage 54 of the pump housing. In the latterly described injector, the pump unit includes a plunger having an outlet or discharge passage-or port H3 which is successively brought into registration with'angu-j larly spaced outlet passages I I4 and I I5 in the housing. Therefore, it is readily apparent that the pump plunger in both instances serves as a pumpsequence to outlet-'passagesunder pressure for sition but itwill be readily seen that same can be moved to vary the size of the port. I06.

The port I06 is made of a size to take-care of maximum-fuel demands of the engine at ground level and the flow of fuel through this orifice or portis dependent on the atmospheric pressure at the altitude-at which the aircraft is flown. It will be understood that the atmosphere pressure forces both the fuel through port I03 and the air into the engine, therefore when the valveis adjusted for correct proportioning'of fuel and airat ground it is correctly adjusted for any altitudewhere 'reduced atmospheric pressure is effective. It will be observed that the fuel introduced into thepassage I01 may flow in either direction toward either .of the pump plungers 95. The pump plunger is provided with acentral drilled hole I II and communicating therewith are the transverse passages I I2, which are successively and periodi cally brought into registration with the intake passage I01. In fact it will be noted that there are two intake periods for each rotation of the pump plungeras first one of the passages II2 is brought into registration with passage I01 and then when the plunger .has rotated through an angle of 180 degrees the other intake passage H2 is brought into registration with passage I01 (see Fig. 113). The pump plunger 95 is provided with an outlet or discharge passage I I3 communicating with the center passage I I I. It will be noted that on rotation of the plunger this discharge passage H3 is successively brought into registration with the fuel outlet passages II 4 and I I5. These passages II4. and H5 are located 180 degrees apart around the pump plunger and therefore'there is a timeinterval of substantially 180 de rees in rotation of the pump plunger between the intake opening point for these passages H4 and H5.

conduction to separate engine cylinders where the fuelis burned. Y The injector particularly illustrated in Fig. 11

is constructed to provide for lubrication of the 92 and is-fed upwardly through the drilled hole I22 into the oil chamber I24 formed at the upper" endof the drive shaft 92whichis spaced from the wa1l,I25-of the injector housing. Oil is fed from the drilled hole I22 through 5311 ducts I25 to lubri-' cate the bearings I21 which support the inner end of the drive shaft 32. The injector housing is provided with laterally extending oil. grooves I23 conducting the lubricating oil fromchafnber I24 to the external cylindrical surface of thepump plunger-s I25, said lubricating oil being fed to the annular grooves 129 carried by the pump plungers and fed downwardly through the 'longi-;

tudinal grooves I30 to. lubricate the pump cylinder surface I3I. That portion of the pump plunger indicated by the reference character I32 preferably has atight fit within the pump cylinder to minimize leakage of'the lubricating oil toward the fuel pumping portion of] the plunger.

Such lubricating oil as may leak by this portion I32 iscollected inthe annular groove I33. and conducted away through the passage I34 into the return line I35. -As is the case with the construction illustrated in-Fig. 7, the lubricating oil introduced into this injector isunder a. pressure greater than the fuel pressure and therefore if any leakage occurs the lubricating oil .will leak into the fuel reservoir instead of the fuel leak ing into the lubricating oil system. Ihereturn line. I35 may be connected with the intake side of the pump by a duct I35 (see Fig. 12). A stop pin I31 is mounted or secured to the housingto limit'travel of arm H0 and I04.

The modified construction illustrated in Fig.

'13 shows a modified type of fuel metering valve ing valve illustrated in Fig. 4. This valve consists of a valve stem I31 having a segmental cresent shaped metering groove I38 and is ad- ,justable by manually moving the arm I39. The

adjustment of the valve is limited by "the stop pin I40. A pin MI is carried by the valve stem and is similar in construction and operation to the pin M shown in Fig. 4.

In Fig. 18 I have illustrated an installation of a fuel injector in conjunction with an engine C and a fuel tank T. The injector designated as a whole by reference character I is similar in these lines 25 and I42'respectively. It will be noted that the present installation provides a gravity feed and the fuel from the tank to the injector, this system being preferred in many instances although it will be understood that the injector may be fed from a low pressure fuel. pump if so desired instead of by gravity from an elevated fuel tank. The low pressure fuel pump 2| as illustrated in- Fig. 1 may serve to initially-feed fuel into the injector intake chamber.

The principle of my invention may be, if desired; incorporated in a fuel injector applicable to installation or mounting directly'on the side of the cylinder block and constructed to operate together with an air controlled means. This particular application is illustrated in Figs. 14 to 17- inclusive. prises an engine structure E which has an intake chamber I48, connected in open communication with the engine cylinders I49 through ports I50; A driving worm gear I5I driven by the engine, and preferably carried drives a worm gear I52 gear I52 being pinned drive shaft I53. The

at a 1:1 ratio, said worm or otherwise secured to a pump plunger I54 is providedwith a tongue I55 fitted into .a slot I56 carmm by' the drive shaft I53, and it will be thus The, engine herein illustrated c0m-.

by the engine cam shaft;

the engine-is controlled together withthe fuel metering control, and is preferably constructed to permit the flow of greater volumes of air into the engine when the valve is adjusted to increase the flow of fuel to the engine.

The fuel entering the injector is metered into the fuel intake passage I69 which conducts the fuel to the fuel intake port I19 carried by the pump plunger I54. The fuel will fill the pump chamber I1I on the suction stroke of the pump plunger and when said pump plunger is moved to displace the fuel in said chamber I1I said fuel iscaused to flow into passage I12 under pressure and to be discharged through the discharge passage' I13. pump plunger is successively brought into registration with the discharge the passages 514 and I15 leading respectively to the fuel spray nozzles I16 and I11 ,(see Fig. 17).

The construction and operation of the pump unit illustrated in detail in Figs. 14 to 17 inclusive is identical in construction and operation with the fuel pump units illustrated in detail in Figs. 11, 11A and 113. In this construction the lubricating-oilfor lubricating the plunger is introduced into the pump cylinder through the'oil I85. .It will be thus noted that the pump plunger-is rotated at a speed 4 which is one-half crankshaft speed, or in other words the pump lution for. every p The pump plunger carries airman which'rotates with the plunger and engages the roller I58 supported by the injector housing I59. This cam I51 has two high and two low points and thus the plunger is caused to'be reciprocated as the same rotates by reason of this cani action, the spring I urging the and holding the cam I51 times with the rollerI58.

plunger has'one complete revotwo revolutions of the crankshaft;

plunger downwardly in engagement at all The injector housing I59 is provided with a I 'ful intake I6I, said fuel entering the drilled passage I62 carried by the valve stem I63. The valve stem is provided with a segmental crescent shaped V-groove I64, the groove communicating with the passage I62 by struction of this fuel metering valve is substantially like that illustrated in Fig. 7 and said valve .is adjustable manually'by means of an arm I66 secured to the valve stem. The injector housing is provided with an intake air passage I61 and said valve stem carries a butterfly valve I68 for controlling the flow of air through said intake passage I 61. Thus the control of air intake to a port I65. The 'consubstantially similar "properly timed with passage I18 which periodically communicates withthe annular groove I19 carried by the pump plunger. Any leakage of lubricating oil or fuel along the surface of the pump plunger is collected in the annular escapes through the port I8l' into theintake chamber I48 of the engine. Figs. 16 and 17 illustrate a modified form of construction, which consists in providing an adjustable connection between the fuel metering valve and the air throttle valve. The valve stem I63 is moved by manual operation of the arm I82, the arm having an' adjustable connection by to valve stem I84. The valvestem IE3 is connected to operate the butterfly valve I68 controlling the air supply to the engine while the valve stem I84 is integrally formed or otherwise suitably connected with the fuel metering valve noted thatI have provided an adjustment between the fuel metering and air flow controlling valves.

The Pump units described in detail in connection withthe description pertaining to Figs. 9 to 13 inclusive may be employed with'other types of injectors. My injector is constructed for application with multi-cylinder engines of most any type. Figs. 19;20- and 21 illustrate a construction adapted for assembly with a six cylinder engine. In this construction it will be noted that I hava'provided an iiijectorhavini three pumping units designated spectively. In this construction asin the other constructions described above the fuel is arranged to be fed to the injector through the inlet port pumping unit is constructed to successively discharge fuel into the discharge, passages I91, each of which is preferably individually connected with an engine cylinder. The means for reciprocat ing and rotating each of these units is constructedto the means illustrated and described in connection with Fig. 11, and are the engine crankshaft.

In Fig. 22 I have illustrated an injector struc- This discharge passage I13 of the groove I and same then means of the slot and pin connection with an arm "I83 secured ture which embodies four pumping units, each of which are preferably operable-to successively inject fuel into a pair of engine cylinders. The construction of the eight cylinder injector is fundamentally the same as that shown in Figs. 19 to 21 inclusive except that the intake system comprises four intake passages I98 instead of three as illustrated in Fig. or two as illustrated in Fig. 11.

It will be noted that in all instances the fuel.

pumps are nested about a common drive element, equally angularly spaced from each other and positioned equidistant from said driving element.

Fig. 23 is diagrammatically illustrative of how these individual fuel lines H1 may bearranged -for connection with separate engine cylinders.

Very obviously the injectors illustrated herein will be adaptable for assembly 'with various types 2,ao1,sea

the pump has a discharge at each 120 degree tion or from the scope of the ders. Obviously there are many details of construction, which are common to all forms of injectors described herein, and some details are specific to one or more of the injectors only. It will be noted however that in all injectors described herein that the same is very compactly arranged, and the parts maybe manufactured and assembled with a minimum of cost. All

- parts are readily accessible for'minimizing service groove 2- andreturned to invention. 1

-. m' and the pump alimcer [fume o a h r ftii e wer or maintenance expenses.

In Fig. 24;1 have illustrated a modified injector construction vembodying a pump-plunger 200 similar in construction to plunger I54 of Fig. 14, this plunger having fuel inlet passages 2M and fuel outlet passages 202. The injector body 2021s provided with a fuel intake204 connected with the fuel line 205 and with the fuel chamber 206 located in close proximity to the .pump, cylinder '20! in which said plunger 200 is operated. An adjustable metering valve 208 is supported by the injector body; 203 and. is preferably manually actuated by means of a lever 20 9 to vary the amount of fuel allowed" to flow through the port '2) connecting the fuel chamher 208 and the pump intake passage 20!.

Any vaporization of fuel in cham berjflfiamay a readily pass out throughjheduefntake 2M and fuel line 205 so as to insure the intake of liquid fuel into the pump. Also the port 210 is relalivelyjhortaorflofiininimum length to minimize the tendency of any'fuel vapor -.to form and collect in the port 2". any fuel which may escape along the pump barrel is collected in the annular and the annular groove 2l2 the passage 2, constructed aboutthe' metering valve guide 2 ll.

principles of ray-invention may be readily incorporated in the modified constructions as illustrated-mm 25 and 26.1 An inlectorpump maybe constructed with more andzstill 'eome'withinth scope of my present witli'a sinkhfuel inlet-2i! andthree outlets 2ll has'three fuel body 22! isprovided 1 angular travel of the pump plunger. I

In Fig. 26, the same principles of construction are embodied as in other forms illustrated herein. The pump plunger 225 has four fuel inlets 226 which are successively brought into registration with the fuel inlet 221. The pump plunger is reciprocated four times per revolution and has arfuel outlet 228 which is successively moved into registration with the fuel outlets 229 in the injector body 230.

In these modified constructions the proper gearing must be selected to impart thedesired reciprocation and rotation to the pump plunger.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which my invention pertains that. various modifications and changes may be made therein without departing, from the spirit of my invenappended claims.

I claim: I

1. A fuel injector for a six cylinder internal combustion engine comprising" a housing structure, driving means driven by said engine and supported. centrally of said housing, three fuel pumps nested about said driving means and equally spaced about and located equi-distant from said driving means, each fuel pump including a pump plunger having a single discharge port and supported for combined rotation and reciprocation about axes extending substantially parallel to the axis of the driving means, each of said fuel pumps having a pair 'of discharge outlets, means connecting each of said outlets with an engine cylinder, means supported by said housing. structure for drivingly connecting each of said pump plungers to said driving means, anda common fuel inlet means for all said fuel pumps.

2. A fuel injector for an eight cylinder internal combustion engine comprising a housing structure, driving means driven by said engine and supportedcentrally or said housing, four "fuel pumps nested about said driving means and j reciprocation about axes extending equally spaced about and located equi-distant from said driving means, each fuel pump including a pump plunger having a single discharge port and supported. for combined rotation and substantially parallel to the axis of the driving means, each of. said fuel pumps having a pair of discharge outlets, means connecting each of said outlets with an engine cylinder, means supported by said the intake (through V y tant from said driving means, said injector bethan two/outlets cessively distribute charge outlets, means: connecting each of said inlets errand accented to-reciprocate,

housing structure for drivingly connecting each ot said pump plungers to said driving means,

and a common fuel inlet means for all said fuel pumps.

3. Afuel injector for an even number multicylinder internal combustion engine comprising a housing structure, driving means driven by said engine and supported centrally of said housing, fuel pumps nested about said driving means and equally :spaced about and located equi-dislng provided with half the number of fuel pumps as there are engine cylinders, each fuel pump including a pump plunger having a single discharge part. and supported for combined rotation and reciprocation about a-flxed axis extendinssubstantially parallel to the axis of the drivin: means, each of said fuel pumps hearing a pairof discharge outlets, said driving means operable to rotate said pump plungers to sucthe fuel to said pair of. disutlets'with anengine cylinder, means supported 7 by said housing structure for drivingly connectmg each of said pump plungers to said driving means, a common fuel inlet means for all said fuel pumps, and fuel metering means associated with said fuel inlet means.

4. A fuel injector for a four cylinder internal combustion engine having a crankshaft and including a housing structure, a common driving means driven by said engine and supported centrally of said housing, a pair of fuel pumps operable about fixed axes and positionedsubstantially diametrically opposite to each other with respect to said driving means and substantially equi-distant therefrom, each fuel pump including a cylinder having outlet ports positioned substantially diametrically opposite to each drivingly connecting each of said pump plungers to said drivingmeans, and a common fuel inlet means for all said fuel pumps.

7. A fuel metering and pumpingassem'bly for a multi-cylinder fuel injection engine comprising, a housing provided with a plurality of pumping cylinders each having a fuel inlet port and 'annularly spaced outlet ports, a central source of fuel supply connected with all said inlet ports 'andincluding a regulable fuel metering means operable to meter the fuel as same is supplied to all said pump cylinder inlet ports, a pump plunger operable in each of saidpump cylinders other and a pump plunger having a single discharge port and operable in said cylinder, means drivingly connecting each of said pump plungers t said driving means and consisting of means imparting a combined rotating and reciprocating motion to said pump plungers in which same is reciprocated twice for each revolution thereof whereby to successively distribute the fuel to said cylinder outlet ports, the operation of said driv-- ing means and said pump plungers being timed to the engine operation to effect four discharges of fuel from said fuel pumps, two discharges from each pump,'f0r eachtworevolutionsof said engin crankshaft.

5. A fuel injector for a multi-cylinderinternal combustion engine comprising a housing structure, engine driven means supported substantially centrally of said housing, a plurality of fuel pumps operable about fixed axes and compactly groupedabout said engine driven means, each pump including 'a cylinder having diametrically opposed outlet ports and a pump plunger havingap ingle discharge port, and a plurality of intermeEate driving-means drivingly connecting said pump plungers with said engine driven means and'including a common drive gear, said intermediate drivingmeans con-3 sisting of cam means and spur gearing operable to reciprocate and rotate said plungers relative to their own fixed axes in timed relation withsaid gearing, whereby to operate said pump plungers in timed relation to each other and to said engine operation. 1

6. A fuel injector for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine comprising a housing structure, driving means driven by said engine and supported centrally of said housing, of fuel pumps nested aboutand drivingly' connected with said driving means and equally spaced about and located equi-distant from said a plurality and provided with fuel'inlet and outlet passages cooperating with said pump cylinder inlet and outlet ports, and a common central pump driving mechanism actuating all of said pump plungers with a combined rotating and recipro-.

- eating motion to pumpsaid metered volume of fuel and successively distribute same to said pump cylinder outlet ports, said pump driving mechanism being timed with engine operation to successively discharge a metered volume of fuel fromall said pumps for distribution to the engine cylinders in a predetermined sequence.

8, A fuel metering and pumping assembly for a multi-cylinder-fuel injection engine comprising, a housing Provided with a plurality of pump-f ing cylinders each having afuel inlet port and annularly spaced"outlet"pofts,a"central source of fuel supply connected with all said inlet ports and including a manually controlled regulable fuel metering valve associated with said source of fuelsupply and operable to meter the fuel as same is supplied to all said pump. cylinder.

inlet ports, a pump plunger operable in each of said pump cylinders and provided with fuel inlet and outlet passages cooperating with said pump cylinder inlet and outlet ports, and a common central pump driving mechanism actuating, all of a combined rotating said pump plungers with and reciprocating motion to pumpsaid metered \volume of fuel andsuccessivelydistribute same -.'-to said pump cylinder outlet ports, said pump driving means, said fuel pumps each having a plurality of discharge outlets connected with said engine cylinders, said injector being provided with a plurality of fuel pumps, less in number than the total number of engine cylinders, said total number of engine cylinders being a multi- Mple of the total number of fuel pumps, each fuel pump includingihump plunger driven with a combined rotating and recipro atifig motionabout a fixed axis extending substantiallyparallel to the axis of the driving means for successively dis- I to the engine cylinders in a plunger operable in each of said pump cylinders tributing the fuel through said plurality of dis- 1 charge outlets and thence to said engine cylinders, each of said fuel pumps having the samenumber of discharge outlets, 'thedischarge outlets of-.all said fuel pumps being equal to the total number of engine cylinders, means connecting each of said outlets with an engine cylinder,

mean supported by said housing structurefor successively distribute inder outlet ports said pump and provided with fuel inlet and outlet passages cooperating with said pump cylinder inlet and outlet ports, and a common central pump driving a mechanism actuating all of said' pump plungers with a combined rotating and reciprocating motion to pump said metered volumegf fuel and same to said pump cyl- 7' driving mechanism being'timed with engine operation to successively discharge a metered volume of fuel from all said pumps for distribution to the enginecylinders ima predetermined sequence, the pump.

plungers operable to have two reciprocating cycles ijor each complete, rotation thereof-to bring. said plunger outlet port into successive regis-v tration with said two cylinder outlet ports, said 1 pump cylinder to register said inlet ports of said pump plunger and cylinder only when the outlet ports of said pump plunger and cylinder are out of register.

10. A fuelmetering and pumping assembly for a multi-cylinder fuel injection engine comprising, a housing providedwith a plurality of pumping cylindersjeach having a fuel inlet port and annularly spaced outlet ports, a central source I orfuetsupplyiconnectedrwithalle einlet-ports and including a regulable fuel metering means operable to" meter the'fuel as same is supplied to all said pump cylinder inlet ports, a pump plunger operable ineach Of said pump cylinders and provided" with fuel inlet andoutlet passagescooperating withsaid pump cylinder inlet and 'outlet'ports, and a common central pump driving mechanismactuating all of said pump plung- V l vers with a combined rotating and reciprocating motion to pump said metered-volume of fuel and.

successively distributesameto said pump cylinder outlet ports, said pump driving mechanism timed with engine operation to successively discharges. metered volume of fuel from all said pumps for distribution to the engine cylinders .ina predetermined sequence, said plurality' of pTfmp plungers'and cylinder assemblies nested about said pump plunger driving. mecha-.

.nism and substantially equally radially spaced therefrom, said pump plungers each having two ormore reciproca'tions per each complete rotation thereof, said-group of pump plungers and cylinder assemblies being identically constructed and operatively timed with the associatedengine to inject fuel successively to all said engine cylinders, the totalnumber of engine cylinders be- 'ing' a whole number multipleof the total number of pump. plunger and cylinder assemblies.

1-1. A fuel metering and pumping assembly for a multi-cylinder fuel injection engine comprising, a housing provided with a plurality of pumping cylinders each having a fuel inlet port and annularly spaced ,outlet ports, a central source of fuel supplyconnecte'd with all said inlet ports 7 I and including ai're'gulablefuel meter ng means pperahle;,t 0 .meter the :fuel as same is supplied .cfltoiallfsaid pump' cylinder inlet ports, a pump:

' plungeroperablein each of said pump cylinders and provided. with fuel inlet and outlet pas- 7 sages cooperating ,withsaid pump cylinder inlet and outlet ports, a common central'pump mechanism actuating all of said pump plunger with a combined rotating and reciprocating motionxtppump said metered volume of fuel and successively distribute same to said pump-cylinder outlet'vpor'ts, said pump driving mechanism beingtinied with engine operation to successively discharge a metered volume of fuel "from .all saidpumps for distribution to the engine' cylinders infapredetermined sequence, said pump'driving niechanismcomprlsingcam means and spur gearing operatively connected with said pump plungers to .reciprocateandjrotate said pum'piplim ers relative to ajflned axiaisaid/cam the-same number of reciprocating cycles to'each of said pump plungers for each complete rotation thereof as there are outlet ports in the associated pump cylinder.

12. A fuel injector for an even numbered multi-cylinder internal combustion engine comprising a housing structure, driving means driven by said engine and supported centrally of said housing, fuel pumps nested about said driving means, said injector 'being provided with a plurality of. fuel.v pumps less in number than the numberof engine cylinders, the number of cylinders of the said engine being an integer multiple of the pumps, each fuel pump including a pump plunger havinga single discharge port andsupported for combined rotation and reciprocation about a fixed axis extending substantially parallel to the axis of the driving means, each of said fuel pumps having a plurality of discharge outlets which is the same as the said integer multiple, saiddriving, means being operable to rotate said pump plungers to deliver separate discharges of fuel from the several fuel pumps successively and respectively to the pump discharge outlets, means for connecting each of,

said-outletsrespectiVeIy to supply fuel to an engine cylinder, means supported by said housing structure for drivingly connecting each of said pump plungers to said driving means, a

common fuel inlet means for all said fuelpumps,

and fuel metering means associated with .said fuel inlet means. l

e 13. A fuel metering and pumping assembly for a multi-cylinder fuel injection engine comprising, a housing provided with a plurality of pumping cylinders equal in number to the number of engine cylinders divided by a whole numberinteger greater than one, each pumping cylinder having ajfuel inlet port and annularly spaced outlet ports, a central source of fuel supply connected with all said inlet ports and including a regulable fuel metering meansoperable'to meter the fuel as same is supplied to,all said pump cylinder inlet ports, a pump plunger operable in each of said-pump cylindersand provided with fuel inlet and outlet passages cooperating with said pump cylinder inlet and outlet ports, and a common central pump driving mechanism'actuating all of said pump plungers with a combined rotating and reciprocating motion to pump said metered volume of fuel and successively distribute same to said pump cylinder; outlet ports. said pump driving mechanism being timed with engine operation to successively discharge a metered volume of ruel from all said-pumps for distribution to the en ne cylinders in a predetermined sequence, saidpump plungers being operable to have a number of. cycles of reciprocation per revolution thereof, whichis equal to the said integer to bring said plunger outlet port iii into successive registration with .said cylinder outlet ports, 'said pump plunger having fuel inlet means constructed and arranged toregister with said cylinder intake port during the suction movement of the plunger, said pump plunger being further constructed and arranged for theoutlet passage thereof to register subcessively with the several outlet ports of the associated punippylinder vduring successive discharge movec I mentsofsaidplunger. Y meansbeing c'onst cted and artangedito impart m cant-n pron.