US2358427A - Manufacture of filaments from vegetable globulin - Google Patents

Manufacture of filaments from vegetable globulin Download PDF

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Publication number
US2358427A
US2358427A US405441A US40544141A US2358427A US 2358427 A US2358427 A US 2358427A US 405441 A US405441 A US 405441A US 40544141 A US40544141 A US 40544141A US 2358427 A US2358427 A US 2358427A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
filaments
treatment
bath
solution
brine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US405441A
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English (en)
Inventor
Traill David
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
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Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd filed Critical Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2358427A publication Critical patent/US2358427A/en
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F4/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of proteins; Manufacture thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
    • D01D10/04—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment
    • D01D10/0436—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment while in continuous movement
    • D01D10/0445—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment while in continuous movement using rollers with mutually inclined axes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the manufacture of filaments by the extrusion of a solution of a peanut protein in dilute aqueous alkali from a spinnerette or the like into a coagulating bath.
  • Suitably prepared solutions of peanut protein in dilute aqueous alkalis can be coagulated in the form of continuous filaments by extrusion into coagulating baths comprising an aqueous solution of an alkaline metal sulphate or other metal sulphate or ammonium sulphate, acidified with sulphuric acid, which mayalso includeother substances; but in order to obtain strong filaments it is necessary that the coagulation should take place whfle the thread is wound out of the bath at a faster rate than the solution is extruded.
  • the speed at which the filaments are wound may conveniently be about 3 to 8 times that at which the alkaline solution is extruded.
  • Filaments so obtained are not yet chemically suitable for textile employment since whenever they are washed with water sumciently to effect a suitable reduction in the salt concentration they commence to swell excessively and cannot be dried satisfactorily.
  • a hardening agent which is usually formaldehyde.
  • Formaldehyde treatment alone still leaves the filaments somewhat-lacking in resistance to wet processing, and in order to render them morewater repellent and resistant to the action of boiling acid baths such as are used in wool dyeing, it is customary. to subject the filaments to treatment with other reagents. Such treatment may be carried out in amixed bath in conjunction with the formaldehyde treatment or in the form of some subsequent treatment.
  • the filaments are commonly washed with substantially saturated brine, in contact with which material they are kept until the hardening treatment is commenced.
  • This invention has as an object to provide a method which will reduce the shrinkage oi peanut protein fibres when they are kept in contact with saturated brine.
  • a further object is to provide sucha method which will be rapid, economical. and easy to operate without damage to the fibre. Further objects will appear hereinafter.
  • the filaments after being wound up out of the coagulating bath are maintained at substantially the same length by mechanical means while being treated with substantially saturated brine.
  • the treatment with brine can either be applied as a separate treatment or simultaneously with the storage or the hardening treatment.
  • the shrinkage, after coagulating bath may be introduced in a continuous manner into contact with the brine while they are still advancing instead of being wound up and subsequently treated while stretched on a tensioning frame.
  • apparatus of the known skew roller or intermeshing cage type adapted to advance the filaments in a generally .helical path may be employed to assist the filaments to remain in contact with the brine in their extended condition for the required length of time.
  • Such apparatus may be immersed or partly immersed ⁇ in a brine bath or the brine may be distributed over the filaments extended on the apparatus.
  • Fig. 1 is a more or less diagrammatic 'ele-i vational view and a Fig. 2 is a plan view of a pair of rollers arranged for utilization in accordance with the present invention.
  • rollers la and n are mounted upon suitable bearings l4 and are adapted to be driven by any suitable means, not shown. It will also be seen that the rollers are disposed at a suitable relative angle and so arranged as to receive the oncomin fibres l6 at the left-hand-most extremity, as viewed in the figures and to advance the fibres progressively and in a more or less helical path toward the opposite extremity where they are discharged as at It.
  • a spray device comprising a conduit 20 under the control of a valve 22 and having a plurality of spray heads 24, is adapted to distribute the salt solution over the rollers.
  • the rollers are driven at identical speeds in order to advance the fibre under a fixed' degreeof expansion and thus resist shrinkage or contraction.
  • Example A solution of peanut protein in dilute aqueous caustic soda is extruded through multiple spinnerettes at such a rate into a bath containing saturated sodium sulphate acidified with sulphuric acid that when collected at a rate of '75 metres per minute a linear extension of flvefold occurs between the spinnerette and the collecting device.
  • the bundles of filaments run.
  • the rope of filaments is then cut into the desired staple length and stored in contact with saturated brine, afterwhich it is centrifuged to remove surplus brine and introduced into about twenty times its weight of a solution of saturated brine containing 1% of its weight of formaldehyde and 1.3% of its weight of hydrogen chloride, in which it is maintained at 35 C. for 24 hours.
  • the fibre is then washed with water until it is practically free from salt.
  • the fibre may then be made faintly alkaline .by treatment in a dilute sodium carbonate bath, washed and dried.
  • the filaments prepared according to the example have a soft handle and have good elongation. They are resistant to wet processing and can be dyed in acid dye baths such as are used for W001 dyeing, and may be used in textile operations.
  • This invention is a valuable advance in the art as it reveals for the first time a method whereby a peanut protein filament can be made esistant to hot water and acid dye baths witnout undue shrinkage taking place in the resistance-giving process, without recourse to elaborate and costly machinery, without damage to the fibre, and with the use only of ordinary temperatures and a cheap and easilyavailable material, namely common salt.
  • a method of manufacturing peanut protein filaments which comprises extruding a liquid containing a solution of peanut protein in dilute aqueous alkali into a coagulating bath whereby the extruded liquid is coagulated to stretched but unhardened filament with a substantially saturated aqueous solution of common salt while maintaining by mechanical means the stretch imparted thereto as it is drawn from the bath, whereby to provide a filament having a reduced tendency to shrinkage,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
US405441A 1940-08-29 1941-08-04 Manufacture of filaments from vegetable globulin Expired - Lifetime US2358427A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB13600/40A GB543586A (en) 1940-08-29 1940-08-29 Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of filaments from vegetable globulin

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2358427A true US2358427A (en) 1944-09-19

Family

ID=10025968

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US405441A Expired - Lifetime US2358427A (en) 1940-08-29 1941-08-04 Manufacture of filaments from vegetable globulin

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US2358427A (en(2012))
BE (1) BE458719A (en(2012))
FR (1) FR910863A (en(2012))
GB (1) GB543586A (en(2012))
NL (1) NL60962C (en(2012))

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2460372A (en) * 1943-10-20 1949-02-01 Ici Ltd Manufacture of artificial protein filaments
US2489519A (en) * 1945-06-07 1949-11-29 Ici Ltd Production of protein filaments
US2495566A (en) * 1944-08-09 1950-01-24 Ici Ltd Production of insolubilized filamentary products by the wet spinning of protein solutions
US2499464A (en) * 1944-05-10 1950-03-07 American Viscose Corp Apparatus for fluid treatment of artificial filaments and threads
US2504844A (en) * 1945-06-20 1950-04-18 Ici Ltd Production of artificial protein filaments
US2669109A (en) * 1949-09-29 1954-02-16 Kuljian Corp Means for applying treating liquid to a filament as it moves over a thread storing and advancing reel
US2688863A (en) * 1950-10-09 1954-09-14 William F Luther Apparatus for the continuous mercerization of cotton

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR970037A (en(2012)) * 1947-10-06 1950-12-28

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2460372A (en) * 1943-10-20 1949-02-01 Ici Ltd Manufacture of artificial protein filaments
US2499464A (en) * 1944-05-10 1950-03-07 American Viscose Corp Apparatus for fluid treatment of artificial filaments and threads
US2495566A (en) * 1944-08-09 1950-01-24 Ici Ltd Production of insolubilized filamentary products by the wet spinning of protein solutions
US2489519A (en) * 1945-06-07 1949-11-29 Ici Ltd Production of protein filaments
US2504844A (en) * 1945-06-20 1950-04-18 Ici Ltd Production of artificial protein filaments
US2669109A (en) * 1949-09-29 1954-02-16 Kuljian Corp Means for applying treating liquid to a filament as it moves over a thread storing and advancing reel
US2688863A (en) * 1950-10-09 1954-09-14 William F Luther Apparatus for the continuous mercerization of cotton

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL60962C (en(2012))
BE458719A (en(2012))
FR910863A (fr) 1946-06-20
GB543586A (en) 1942-03-04

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