US2354171A - Lubricant - Google Patents

Description

Patented July 18, 1944 LUBRICANT John D. Morgan, South Orange, N. 3., assignor to Cities Service Oil Company,New York, N. Y., a corporation of Pennsylvania No Drawing. Application June 23, 1942, Serial No. 448,152

J 7 Claims. (Cl. 252-35) This invention relates to lubricants. More particularly the invention relates to lubricants having a comparatively small change in viscosity over a wide temperature range.

The hydrocarbon lubricants which are made from petroleum, shales, and the hydrogenation of coal all have widely different viscosities over the temperature range which may be encountered in aviation, that is, from minus 40 F. to 200 F.

It is desirable that products which have good temperatures between -40 and 200 F. On the other hand chlorbenzene has a melting point of -49 F., brombenzene a melting point of --23 R, and iodobenzene has a melting point of 19 F. Thus chlorbenzene is a fluid throughout the temperature range of --40 F. to 200 F. Chlorbenzene is soluble in practically all of the other halogenated benzenes so that it may be used to convert other halogenated benzenes from solid into lubricating fluids; By blending two or more of the halogenated benzene compounds together the mean boiling point of the mixture will be above the boiling point of the lower boiling point constituent and the vapor pressure of the mixture may be lowered considerably below the vapor pressure of the low boiling constituent.

The primary object of the'present invention is to utilize the halogenated benzenesyas lubricants.

A further object of the invention is to utilize a mixture of halogenated benzenes as a lubricant.

Another object of the invention is to utilize halogenated benzenes as lubricants and to utilize addition agents to inhibit the corrosion of metal bearing surfaces and to increase the lubricating and load-carrying qualities of the halogenated benzenes.

Another object of the invention is to utilize halogenated benzenes in the manufacture of lubricating greases.

A further object of the invention is to utilize the halogenated benzenes to produce a lubricating fluid which will have relatively uniform viscosity throughout the temperature range of 40 F. to 200 F.

With these and other, objects in view the invention consists in the method of lubricating metallic bearings and the lubricants therefor, which are hereinafter described and particularly defined in the claims. 7

The halogenated benzenes, such as the monohalogen benzenes, have comparatively high boiling points and comparatively low melting points. For example, chlorbenzene has a boiling point of 220 F. and a'melting point of 40 F. Brombenzene has a boiling point of 388 F. and a melting'point of 23 F. Iodobenzene has a boiling point of 371 F. and a melting point of F. All of these monohalogen benzenes are'mutually soluble.

Chlorination of the monohalogen compounds produces a series of dihalogen compounds and the chlorination of dihalogen compounds produces trihalogen compounds all of which have lubricatingqualities and are comparatively high boiling constituents. Someof the halogenated benzenes having desirable lubricating qualities are:

From the above table it will be seen that many of the polyhalogen benzenes are solid at ordinary atmospheric temperatures. Therefore if it is desired to produce a lubricating fluid such polyhalogen compounds must be diluted with the monohalogen compounds. The dilution of the polyhalogenwith the monohalogen-compounds has advantageous properties because it tends to place the mean boiling point of the mixture considerably above the boiling point of the monohalogen and to place the vapor pressure of the mixture materially below the vapor pressure of the monohaiogen. This is very desirable because the monohalogens as well as the polyhalogen compounds tend to volatilize at atmospheric pressure. Furthermore it is desirable to use the halogenated benzene lubricants in closed bearings in order to minimize the volatilizatlon of the halo- I genated benzenes..

Chlorbenzene has a comparatively flat viscosity curve or a comparatively uniform viscosity over Yi e ofrth hfifl e h ble de 1 W? :b qw 9;. ent st k at m nus 3 witlstq its ts:

who end orthodiiodobenzene v red with chlorbenzene or brombenzene produce the tempernturerange of 40' to 200 1". Chior- Another example of c line none in benzene huthe following viscoeities: as follows:

mm Tempenture 2833:, 5 Sodium steam, 4. 1a

1 Sulfurized tricresyl phosphite or Polxne 1 Chlorbenzene I 80 g Tests have been made on the monoand poly- I i e 1 I 5?- l s ufib lini nd fll th 'h' a i 8 Dibrombenzene with' one percent ofParhflbw *mbrmatf We per? therein manned naphthalene) has the {011 t cent of Polane, or one percent of sulfurized trimm M: 1 cresyl phosphite is dissolved in these halogenated v bgnzenes then such compounds have extreme "pressure lubricating qualities. As shown in the vimm une examplesabovesithe extreme pressure addition s m age ts to the greases in order to impart extreme i btessure or? high load-carrying 1 ,chu gcteristicsfo the greases. 3! lfhe tricresyl' phosphiie mentioned herein is a fur condensed tricresyl phosphine or phosphltei This oil addition product is described in h h s w l hwewfihe tkmeno q c mni 'it lelisinelle he zu mention: 'wide tempcigture ira,nge.; m dich t nmehugMa wt e f mum at" 100' 1" end ccntistoke at-200$ PM i mi -W0 new! +1 HQ."- ever. if ,50 'percent of chlorbenzene is dissolv ed w also h r-b en 1 h l wtt h se. ompou d Ii 1. mont ewner r hish-zdboll n tmin 40 endure desirehlefor-lubricxting'bea ingsathigh with metallic min-ates for the-monume t: v For example it has.,been found that orthodiehlorb'enzene, 'plradichlorbenzene, 1,2,4-

brombenuene, and orthodiiodobenzene' maybear:

outing grease. Preferably 'chnnifium te'jitgtfe iis I the other bond all of these being n zjenes yasuz 1 cmounto! nluminumstemte. i

lowsz ts follows:

4m w men died-i;

trichlofbenzene. orthodibrombenzene, metadidissolved in lithium stem-ate to produce, luhriused with the lithium stearateljs;

ent tofprevent the greases fromghleedin e in: m.

well as chlorbenzene may be blend 1th" 111- ciumond sodium stearates to make greases. Z'I he blending, of calcium andsodiumilstearateswith the chlorbenrenes may be facilitated byosmall An example of c .gtea seyis: as fol- 2 V Another example of A calcium h ase grease is .$odium*stearate f 3 Percentsby W Aluminum stearate Chlormethyl stearate Aluminum steal-ate Aluminum stelrete a solved a mixture of metal stearates in suflicient amount to impart a grease consistency, said grease being inhibited against corrosion and reinforced for load-carrying capacity with small amounts of a corrosion inhibitor and an extreme pressure addition agent.

JOHN D. MORGAN.