US2354072A - Goldbeating lubricant - Google Patents

Goldbeating lubricant Download PDF

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Publication number
US2354072A
US2354072A US301797A US30179739A US2354072A US 2354072 A US2354072 A US 2354072A US 301797 A US301797 A US 301797A US 30179739 A US30179739 A US 30179739A US 2354072 A US2354072 A US 2354072A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
lubricant
alcohol
soap
metal
stearate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US301797A
Inventor
Donald D Swift
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
M Swift & Sons Inc
Swift & Sons Inc M
Original Assignee
Swift & Sons Inc M
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Swift & Sons Inc M filed Critical Swift & Sons Inc M
Priority to US301797A priority Critical patent/US2354072A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Priority to US545541A priority patent/US2391654A/en
Priority to US545539A priority patent/US2391653A/en
Publication of US2354072A publication Critical patent/US2354072A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/02—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
    • C10M2201/081—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing halogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
    • C10M2201/082—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing nitrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
    • C10M2201/084—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/08—Solids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/10—Semi-solids; greasy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/30—Foil or other thin sheet-metal making or treating
    • Y10T29/301—Method
    • Y10T29/303—Method with assembling or disassembling of a pack
    • Y10T29/305—Method with assembling or disassembling of a pack including bond prevention treatment

Definitions

  • My present invention relates to the goldbeaters art and more particularly to an improved lubricant to be used with goldbeaters skin.
  • the conventional goldbeaters skins are of animal origin, but substitutes such as Cellophane or cellulose acetate may be used. To facilitate the beating operation, it is customary to doctor the goldbeater's'skin or the substitute and to add a suitable lubricant.
  • the conventional doctoring long used for this purpose consists essentially of isinglass, gum arabic, shellac, and spices such as saffron, cinnamon, and cloves in red wine.
  • the lubricant is usually made up from soap, ypsum, and water, or in some instances, alcohol.
  • the final product comprises particles of calcium sulphate each covered with a surface layer of soap.
  • 6 oz. of sodium stearate are dissolved in about 3 qts. of alcohol.
  • 12 lbs. of completely dehydrated calcium sulphate in a finely powdered form are slowly stirred into the solution. The alcohol is then evaporated.
  • the resultant lubricant is fine grained, soft, will not scratch or puncture the gold or other metallic leaf during the .beating operation and has very superior lubricating qualities.
  • the method of preparing a lubricant for metal beating comprising the steps of dissolving a fatty acid sodium soap in alcohol, said soap having the characteristics of being soluble in alcohol, nonadhesive, chemically stable and hav ing a high melting point, mixing comminuted particles of calcium stearate therein, and evap crating the alcohol.
  • the method of preparing a lubricant for metal beating comprising the steps of dissolv ing a fatty acid sodium soap in alcohol, said soap having the characteristics of being soluble in alcohol, non-adhesive, chemically stable and having a high melting point, suspending comminuted particles of an alkaline earth soap in the solution, said alkalineearth soap being insoluble in alcohol, and evaporating the alcohol.
  • An improved lubricant for metal beating comprising comminuted particles of calcium stearate, each particle being covered by a surface layer of a fatty acid sodium soap soluble in alcohol, non-adhesive, having a fairly high melting point, and chemically stable.
  • An improved lubricant for metal beating comprising comminuted particles of a metal soap from the group consisting of calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, and zinc stearate, characterized by being insoluble in alcohol, soft enough to be scratched by a fingernail, and capable of microscopic subdivision, each particle being coveredby a surface layer of a fatty acid sodium soap soluble in alcohol. nonadhesive, having a fairly high melting point, and chemically stable.
  • An improved lubricant for metal beating comprising .comminuted particles of calcium stearate, each particle being covered by a surface layer of sodium stearate.
  • An improved lubricant for metal beating comprising comminuted particles 01' calcium stearate, each particle being covered by a surface layer of sodium palmitate.
  • An improved lubricant for metal beatin comprising comminuted particles or a, metal soap from the group consisting of calcium stearate,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Description

Patented July 18, 1944 GOLDBEATING LUBRICANT Donald D. Swift, Hartford, Conn., assignor to M. Swift & Sons, Inc., a corporation necticut of Con- No Drawing. Application October 28, 1939, Serial No. 301,797
v 8 Claims.
My present invention relates to the goldbeaters art and more particularly to an improved lubricant to be used with goldbeaters skin.
In beating gold or other metallic leaf, it is customary to place small squares of gold in a packet. each square between sheets of cutch paper, the entire packet then being beaten until the gold or other metal spreads to the size of the enclosing sheets. The metal is then quartered and the quarters are placed between packets of goldbeater's skin and further beaten. This process is continued until the leaf has reached the desired size and thinness.
The conventional goldbeaters skins are of animal origin, but substitutes such as Cellophane or cellulose acetate may be used. To facilitate the beating operation, it is customary to doctor the goldbeater's'skin or the substitute and to add a suitable lubricant. The conventional doctoring long used for this purpose consists essentially of isinglass, gum arabic, shellac, and spices such as saffron, cinnamon, and cloves in red wine. The lubricant is usually made up from soap, ypsum, and water, or in some instances, alcohol.
I have found that a greatly improved goldbeaters lubricant is obtained by the use of a mineral carrier which is soft enough to be scratched bya fingernail and which can be subdivided to almost microscopic dimensions. have found that the imbedding of such a mineral carrier in a fatty acid sodium salt produces a far cium sulphate, in powder form, is then mixed into the solution; an alkaline earth soap, such as calcium, magnesium or zinc stearate, may be used instead of the calcium sulphate. It is preferred that a uniform mixture be obtained so that the fine particles of the dehydrated calcium sulphate powder or soap are suspended in the solution of the sodium stearate or sodium palmitate in alcohol, the alcohol tending to inhibit hydrolysis of the soap. The alcohol is then evaporated by any suitable, well-,-known method and the residue is a smooth, fine-grained lubricant farsuperlor to any that have heretofore been used. a
It is preferred to use such proportions of the sodium stearate or sodium palmitate and the completely dehydrated calcium sulphate that'the final product comprises particles of calcium sulphate each covered with a surface layer of soap. For example, 6 oz. of sodium stearate are dissolved in about 3 qts. of alcohol. After the soap is completely dissolved, 12 lbs. of completely dehydrated calcium sulphate in a finely powdered form are slowly stirred into the solution. The alcohol is then evaporated.
The resultant lubricant is fine grained, soft, will not scratch or puncture the gold or other metallic leaf during the .beating operation and has very superior lubricating qualities.
While I have described a specific mineral carrier and specific soaps, it is obvious that other carriers and other soaps or their equivalents may be used in varying proportions, without depart= ing from the spirit and the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
I claim:
l. The method of preparing a lubricant for metal beating, comprising the steps of dissolving a fatty acid sodium soap in alcohol, said soap having the characteristics of being soluble in alcohol, nonadhesive, chemically stable and hav ing a high melting point, mixing comminuted particles of calcium stearate therein, and evap crating the alcohol. I
2. The method of preparing a lubricant for metal beating, comprising the steps of dissolv ing a fatty acid sodium soap in alcohol, said soap having the characteristics of being soluble in alcohol, non-adhesive, chemically stable and having a high melting point, suspending comminuted particles of an alkaline earth soap in the solution, said alkalineearth soap being insoluble in alcohol, and evaporating the alcohol.
3; An improved lubricant for metal beating comprising comminuted particles of calcium stearate, each particle being covered by a surface layer of a fatty acid sodium soap soluble in alcohol, non-adhesive, having a fairly high melting point, and chemically stable.
'4. An improved lubricant for metal beating comprising comminuted particles of a metal soap from the group consisting of calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, and zinc stearate, characterized by being insoluble in alcohol, soft enough to be scratched by a fingernail, and capable of microscopic subdivision, each particle being coveredby a surface layer of a fatty acid sodium soap soluble in alcohol. nonadhesive, having a fairly high melting point, and chemically stable.
5. An improved lubricant for metal beating comprising .comminuted particles of calcium stearate, each particle being covered by a surface layer of sodium stearate.
6. An improved lubricant for metal beating comprising comminuted particles 01' calcium stearate, each particle being covered by a surface layer of sodium palmitate.
7. An improved lubricant for metal beatin comprising comminuted particles or a, metal soap from the group consisting of calcium stearate,
US301797A 1939-10-28 1939-10-28 Goldbeating lubricant Expired - Lifetime US2354072A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US301797A US2354072A (en) 1939-10-28 1939-10-28 Goldbeating lubricant
US545541A US2391654A (en) 1939-10-28 1944-07-18 Goldbeater's lubricant
US545539A US2391653A (en) 1939-10-28 1944-07-18 Goldbeater lubrication material

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US301797A US2354072A (en) 1939-10-28 1939-10-28 Goldbeating lubricant

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US2354072A true US2354072A (en) 1944-07-18

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5484541A (en) * 1994-05-17 1996-01-16 Century Chemical Corporation Process and product for lubricating metal prior to cold forming
US6376433B1 (en) 1999-07-13 2002-04-23 Century Chemical Corporation Process and product for lubricating metal prior to cold forming

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5484541A (en) * 1994-05-17 1996-01-16 Century Chemical Corporation Process and product for lubricating metal prior to cold forming
US5624888A (en) * 1994-05-17 1997-04-29 Century Chemical Corporation Process and product for lubricating metal prior to cold forming
US5776867A (en) * 1994-05-17 1998-07-07 Century Chemical Corporation Process and product for lubricating metal prior to cold forming
US6376433B1 (en) 1999-07-13 2002-04-23 Century Chemical Corporation Process and product for lubricating metal prior to cold forming

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