US2345162A - High frequency excitation - Google Patents

High frequency excitation Download PDF

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Publication number
US2345162A
US2345162A US280717A US28071739A US2345162A US 2345162 A US2345162 A US 2345162A US 280717 A US280717 A US 280717A US 28071739 A US28071739 A US 28071739A US 2345162 A US2345162 A US 2345162A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
high frequency
quartz
jacket
frequency excitation
cathode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US280717A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Adolph H Toepfer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CBS Corp
Original Assignee
Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Co filed Critical Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Co
Priority to US280717A priority Critical patent/US2345162A/en
Priority to DES4614D priority patent/DE948541C/de
Priority to US492228A priority patent/US2365608A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2345162A publication Critical patent/US2345162A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J17/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode
    • H01J17/02—Details
    • H01J17/30—Igniting arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J13/00—Discharge tubes with liquid-pool cathodes, e.g. metal-vapour rectifying tubes
    • H01J13/02—Details
    • H01J13/34—Igniting arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J13/00—Discharge tubes with liquid-pool cathodes, e.g. metal-vapour rectifying tubes
    • H01J13/02—Details
    • H01J13/48—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the tube and not otherwise provided for
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2893/00—Discharge tubes and lamps
    • H01J2893/0072—Disassembly or repair of discharge tubes
    • H01J2893/0073—Discharge tubes with liquid poolcathodes; constructional details
    • H01J2893/0074—Cathodic cups; Screens; Reflectors; Filters; Windows; Protection against mercury deposition; Returning condensed electrode material to the cathodic cup; Liquid electrode level control
    • H01J2893/0087—Igniting means; Cathode spot maintaining or extinguishing means

Definitions

  • My invention relates to electric discharge apparatus and has particular relation to electric discharge devices of the insulated-ignition-electrode type.
  • the ignition electrode is a conductor sealed in a glass jacket.
  • the electrode is in contact with the pool which forms the cathode of the device, the glass serving as insulation between the conductor and the pool.
  • a discharge is ignited by impressing an alternating potential between the conductor and the pool.
  • Discharge devices of the insulated-ignitionelectrode type are designed to carry substantial current and develop substantial In using the prior art devices it has been cause of the excessive temperatures to which the ignition electrode is subjected, the insulation develops fissures when the apparatus operates for only a short time. The cathode and the ignition conductor are then interconnected and the useful life of the device is terminated.
  • the use of mercury in a quartz tube for ignition purposes has been suggested. However, this arrangement has proved unsatisfactory because the mercury becomes turbulent when in operation, and the properties of the electrode are irregular.
  • the ignition electrode consists of a solid conductor such as a steel wire, a grap 'te rod or a dried and fired carbon mass enclosed in an insulating jacket of quartz.
  • a solid conductor such as a steel wire, a grap 'te rod or a dried and fired carbon mass enclosed in an insulating jacket of quartz.
  • Figure l is a diagrammatic view showing a circuit utilizing a discharge device embodying my invention
  • Figs. 2 and 3 are diagrammatic views showing a modified igniter in accordance with my invention.
  • load 3 of any general type is supplied from a source 5 of alternating current, which may be of the usual commercial, cycle, type, through an electric discharge device 'I.
  • the device 1 comprises a pair of hollow, coaxial metallic cylinders 9 and H joined at the ends.
  • a cooling fluid is conducted through the space between the cylinders 9 and H and prevents the structure from becoming over-heated.
  • the inner cylinder 9 is preferably composed of stainless steel and near its upper end, by welding or otherwise in such manner joint is vacuum tight.
  • a flange l5 composed of a cobalt-nickel-iron alloy, known in the art as Kovar alloy, is secured to the inner surface of the ring l3.
  • a glass ring I1 is sealed to the alloy flange 13 and a cobalt-nickel-iron alloy cap [9 is sealed to the glass.
  • is sealed, and the bar carries at its lower end, a block Z3 of conductive material such as carbon or a metal which serves as the anode for a discharge device.
  • a metallic disc 25 is sealed.
  • the disc is provided with an opening 21 and a cobalt-nickel-iron alloy eyelet 29.
  • is sealed and a glass sleeve 33 is sealed through the eyelet 29.
  • a conducting lead 35 of the ironnickel-cobalt alloy is sealed through the sleeve 33 and a wire 31 of steel or other conducting material is welded to the rod.
  • the wire 31 is bent over to form a hook-like structure and at its free end a quartz jacket 41 is fastened.
  • the quartz should have a thickness no greater than A mercury pool '13 is disposed on the disc 25 and serves as cathode for the discharge device.
  • the quartz jacket ii on the wire 31 dips into the mercury pool 13 in such manner that the tip of the wire extends below the surface of the mercury.
  • the metal tube 3! is used for exhausting the space between the inner cylinder 9, the disc 25, and the ring l3 and also for properly adjusting the height of the mercury 43.
  • is thin the temperature gradient developed in the quartz when an arc is fired between the pool 43 and the anode 23 is small. Therefore, no thermal stresses and resultant fissures develop in the Jacket. I have found that if the jacket thickness is substantially mch, substantial stresses are dewire 31.
  • a graphite rod or a mass 44 of dried and fired. carbon may be disposed in the jacket 4
  • quartz jacket is used in the preferred carbide crystals embedded therein as shown in silicon-carbide jacket has substantial strength and is not ruptured by the stresses developed during operation.
  • the secondary 47 of which is connected be tween the conductor and the cathode.
  • the primary #9 of the transformer is connecte with a capacitor across the fixed and movable terminals 53' and 55, respectively, of a spark gap.
  • the terminals 53 and 55 are successively work 63 results in the flow of a high frequency network.
  • Theimpulse is impressed between the ignition conductor 31 and the cathode 43 through the transformer 45.
  • the discharge the first high frequency impulse is impressed, or several impulses may be plied to the solenoid 51 order of ampere.
  • An electric discharge device comprising a cathode of the pool type and an ignition electrode consisting of a conductor enclosed in an insulating coating of quartz at most, :32" in thickness in engagement with said cathode.
  • An electric discharge device comprising a insulating coating of quartz at most, 3% in thickness in engagement with said cathode.

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  • Plasma Technology (AREA)
US280717A 1939-06-23 1939-06-23 High frequency excitation Expired - Lifetime US2345162A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US280717A US2345162A (en) 1939-06-23 1939-06-23 High frequency excitation
DES4614D DE948541C (de) 1939-06-23 1940-06-25 Zuendeinrichtung fuer Gas- oder Dampfentladungsgefaesse
US492228A US2365608A (en) 1939-06-23 1943-06-25 Electric discharge device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US280717A US2345162A (en) 1939-06-23 1939-06-23 High frequency excitation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2345162A true US2345162A (en) 1944-03-28

Family

ID=23074305

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US280717A Expired - Lifetime US2345162A (en) 1939-06-23 1939-06-23 High frequency excitation

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US2345162A (de)
DE (1) DE948541C (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2533095A (en) * 1948-11-12 1950-12-05 Cutler Hammer Inc Multiple gap arc starting ionizer
US2996636A (en) * 1959-01-09 1961-08-15 Anna Vang Ignition means for mercury arc discharge tube

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2533095A (en) * 1948-11-12 1950-12-05 Cutler Hammer Inc Multiple gap arc starting ionizer
US2996636A (en) * 1959-01-09 1961-08-15 Anna Vang Ignition means for mercury arc discharge tube

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE948541C (de) 1956-09-06

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