US2344189A - Wrinkling enamel and method of making - Google Patents

Description

Patented Mar. 14, 1944 WRINKLING ENAMEL AND METHOD OF MAKING William A. Waldi Dayton, Ohio, assignor to New Wrinkle, Inc., Dayton, Ohio, a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application May 3 1939, Serial No. 271,591

My invention relates to coating compositions and more particularly to the method of making wrinkle drying enamels which can be used to produce different textural wrinklepatterns. The invention is applicable for producingwrinkling enamel finishes without employing blown oils as a constituent, thereby materially reducing the cost and improving the product.

Wrinkle finishes as heretofore made in the art have been compounded from so called wrinkling oils which oils comprise raw Chinawood oil, blown drying oils, such as China-wood, linseed; Perilla, oiticica, etc. Other paint and varnish oils of the so, called non-wrinkling type, such as soya bean, chia, walnut, hempseed, lumbang, poppy seed, sunflower seed, safilower seed, castor, fish, etc., may be utilized. Large amounts of the non-wrinkling oils, however, cannot be used in the formulation of wrinkle finishes; otherwise the wrinkling of the finish on drying in inhibited. Prior to my invention it has been necessary to use blown or pre-oxidized oils in compounding wrinkle finishes in order to obtain the most satisfactory results. This was particularly true where clear wrinkle varnishes of sprayable consistency'were desired.

The disadvantage of using blown oils lies in their instability. This instability results from the pre-oxidation of the oil which oxidation continues in a progressive manner after termination of the blowing treatment. At the beginning of the treatment the oil is soluble in the conventional petroleum or coal tar solvents but as oxidation progresses the oil becomes increasingly less soluble until finally it precipitates out in a rubber-like mass. This renders the wrinkle composition unfit for use. Wrinkle finish coating compositions comprising blown oil constituents, therefore, cannot be stored for any length of time before use.

It has also been found that in using wrinkle coating compositions made with blown oils a wrinkle finish having very fine texture cannot be produced, the tendency being for the finish to form a coarse or heavy textural wrinkle pattern on drying.

It is an object of this invention to make a wrinkle finish enamel which is stable on storing and can be readily modified so as to produce coarse, medium or fine textural wrinkle pattern.

Another object of this invention is to eliminate the necessity of using blown oils in making wrinkle finishes.

Another object of this invention is to provide with drying oil fatty acids to produce the desired pattern or texture of wrinkle finish.

Another object is to produce a wrinkle drying enamel of sprayable consistency without the use of blown oils.

Typical examples of wrinkle finish composi-- tions comprising blown drying oils are:

Example 1 Resin (Congo, kauri, rosin, "Cumar or Amberol) pounds 100 Lead linoleate or acetate do 2-3 Cobalt acetate or linoleate do- /2-% Blown tung oil gallons 8-10 Petroleum naphtha; do 9-12 Toluol or xylol do 10-14 Example 2 Resin (Congo, kauri, rosin, Cumar or Amberol) pounds 100 Litharge .do 3 -5 Manganese linoleate or borate --do 23 Blown linseed oil "gallons" 15-25 Petroleum naphtha do 8-12 Toluol or xylol do 1520 a wrinkle enamel composition which is compar-' able to similar compositions made using blown oils.

Another object is to provide a pigmented wrinkle finish composition which can be blended with a wrinkling varnish so as to produce a light or heavy textural wrinkle filllSh on drying.

Another object is to compound a wrinkle coating composition comprising a raw wrinkling oil which is adapted to be blended with a pigmented wrinkling varnish to produce a finish having a wrinkle pattern of very fine texture.

Another object is to compound a pigmented wrinkle finish composition'which may be mixed In order to eliminate the use of blown oils as illustrated in the typical examples of wrinkle finishes given, the formula for producing a wrinkling varnish base of my invention is as follows. Varnish Modified phenol aldehyde resin (Amberol or Beckacite) pounds- Lead acetate or linoleate -do 5-9 Raw Chinawood oil -gallons 1535 Bodied linseed oil do. 2-5 Solvent naphtha do 8-10 Toluol do l825 In the foregoing varnish formula it will be understood that various resin may be utilized ir. place of those mentioned. Resins which are suitable are kauri, dammar, Congo, Cumar, pontianak, Manila, Zanzibar, elemi, mastic, copal, sandarac and the like. Further other phenol formaldehyde resins of the rosin, fossil resin and ester gum modified type which are readily compatible with the oil vehicle may be used. Also glycerol phthalic resins of the oil soluble type may be utilized, or mixtures of the above resins.

Similarly other wrinkle oils such as raw oiticica, poyok and equivalent oils may be substituted for raw China-wood oil. The bodied linseed oil employed is the grade known in the trade as varnish linseed." This product comprises linseed oil which has been processed by heat treating the same between 575 to 600 degrees F. until a desired degree of viscosity is obtained.

The preferred method of making varnish A is to heat all of the China-wood oil and approximately /4 to /4 of the resin together in a vessel to a temperature around 540 degrees F. Thereafter the metallic drier, linseed oil and the remainder of the resin are added. When the resin is dissolved the varnish base can be cooled and thinned with the solvent or it can be heated longer to obtain a higher viscosity before thinning.

I have discovered, however, that if the varnish base is cooled quickly after the second portion of resin is dissolved a clear wrinkle varnish can be made having improved spraying and wrinkling properties. The essential step in making varnish A is the sudden chilling or cooling of the heat treated homogeneous mass at the end of the heat treatment. Thi may be done in any suitable manner such as by the application of cold water or by refrigeration. By this method of making the wrinkle finish composition a sprayable wrinkle finish product is obtained comparable with that made with blown oils. The wrinkle finish product is also stable and can be stored. The heat treatment of the varnish may be varied between a temperature range of 450 to 550 degrees F. but preferably the heating is conducted above 500 degrees F.

By maintaining the percentage amount of the total solids in the composition the same and heating the product for different lengths of time, I can regulate the viscosity of the varnish. The longer the varnish is heated the higher becomes its viscosity and correspondingly the shorter the period the lower the viscosity. This is true even though the amount of solvent or thinner added may be the same in both cases.

In making a clear wrinkle varnish there is added to the above varnish A about 2 to 5 per cent of a liquid drier. A drier composition which has been found to be very satisfactory for this purpose is as follows:

Liquid drier A Cobalt linoleate solid pounds 12-16 China-wood oil fatty acids -do 8-10 Toluol, xylol, petroleum naphtha or. coal tar solvent gallons 6-8 .Other examples of liquid driers which may be utilized are as follows:

Liquid drier "3 Lead linoleate -pounds 5-10 Cobalt acetate do 2-6 Linseed oil fatty acids .'.do- 2-5 China-wood oil fatty acids do 4-6 Toluol, xylol, petroleum naphtha or coal tar solvent galions 6-8 Liquid drier "0 Lead linoleate pounds 4-8 Manganese borate do.. 2-5 Cobalt acetate do 1-3 Drying oil fatty acids (China-wood oil, linseed, etc.) do 5-8 Toluol, xylol, petroleum naphtha or coal tar solvent gallons- 6-9 For producing a wrinkle finish composition of the desired textural wrinkle pattern varnish A may be made having relativel low or high viscosity as determined by the Gardner-Holdt standards for varnish. In general the higher the viscosity of the varnish A" the coarser the texture of the wrinkle finish.

Where a finer textural pattern of a wrinkle finish is desired than can be obtained by the use of a low viscosity varnish, a varnish-like solution of drying oil fatty acids may be incorporated in varnish A. The following examples are typical:

Varnish 13" China-wood oil fatty acids pounds 8-10 Toluol or xylol gallons 1 Varnish "C Linseed oil fatty acids pounds 2-5 China-wood oil fatty acids do 3-8 Toluol or xylol gallons 1 By adding various proportions of varnish B or varnish C to a low viscosity wrinkl varnish base mad according to varnish A," the texture or pattern of the wrinkle produced on drying is modified. The higher the proportion of varnish B or C added to varnish A, the finer the texture of the wrinkle finish produced.

To make a pigmented wrinkling enamel I may grind pigment into varnish A which varnish may be of either high or low viscosity depending upon the texture of the wrinkle finish. Owing, however, to the volatility of the solvent used in preparing varnish A it is preferable to make a special grinding varnish for this purpose. A typical example is as follows:

Varnish D Modified phenol aldehyde resin Amberol or Beckacite") pounds Lead acetate orlinoleate do 5-9 Raw China-wood oil gallons 15-20 Bodied linseed oil do 2-5 Toluol or xylol -do 8-12 High-boiling petroleum naphtha ..do 35-50 Varnish D is made in a like manner as varnish A" but in this instance I continue the heat treatment to obtain a heavy viscosity material. This varnish is then mixed with the conventional -paint pigments to make a paste of desired color and thereafter it is passed through a paint mill to thoroughly disperse the pigment in the varnish vehicle. As an example of a pigmented paste a white paste formula is as follows:

White paste 1 Titanium oxide pounds 8-10 Varnish "D Q'R'llnn 1 A white wrinkling enamel made with the above paste would have the following formula:

White wrinkling enamel Paste 1 pounds- 2-3 Clear wrinkle varnish A gallons 1 If varnish A" is of high viscosity the texture will be coarser than that obtained by using a varnish of low viscosity as heretofore explained. To obtain finer textural wrinkle finish patterns in the case of enamels, I add an inert paste hav-- ing a typical formula such as:

Inert paste 2 Asbestine ..pounds- 8-10 Varnish "D" Qallnnq 1 amount of inert paste which can be incorporated before the film becomes perfectly smooth on drying. The amount depends on the particular inert pigment used in making the paste. When a sufilcient amount of paste has been incorporated in the enamel additions of the drying oil fatty acids of varnish B or C are made to vary the textural pattern of the wrinkle finish. In this way a wrinkle finish having a textural pattern so fine as to be practically invisible to the naked eye can be produced.

In producing the improved wrinkle finish of this invention articles coated with the coating composition may be made to wrinkle by baking the coating at relatively low or high tempera-,

may be used. Ordinarily baking the finish at.

elevatedtemperatures accentuates the wrinkling and provides a harder finish. Where a highly elastic film is desired, the addition of small amounts of non-drying or semi-drying oils, such as castor oil, raw soya bean oil or similar materials may be made. Plasticizers such as dlbutylphthalate or dicresyl phosphate also may be uti- V lized.

It will be understood that I desire to compre hend within my invention such modifications as come within the scope of the claims and the in-' vention.

Having thus fully. described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. A composition of matter adapted for use as:

a pigmented wrinkling enamel composition, comprising resin, metallic drier, raw China-wood oil, boiled linseed oil and solvent thinner, said varnish composition having incorporated therewith 2 to 5 per cent of free vegetable drying oil fatty acids dissolved in solvent and having a pigmented paste including a color pigment and asbestine incorporated in the mixture to provide a wrinkle finish enamel which when applied as a coating film and dried produces a wrinkled textural pattern so fine as to be practically invisiblev to the naked eye.

2. In an improved method of making a composition of matter, the steps of mixing one-fourth to three-fourths of resin with the total amount of China-wood oil, heating the mixture at a temperature of 450 to 550 F., adding thereafter-a metallic drier, boiled linseed 'oil and the remainder of the resin, dissolving the resin in the mixture, cooling the mixture quickly after the second portion of the resin has been added, thereafter adding thinner to produce a wrinkling varnish ofthe desired consistency, incorporating therewith 2 to 5 percent of tree vegetable drying oil fatty acids dissolved in solvent, and then adding a pigmented paste including a colorplgment and asbestine to provide an enamel ,which dried to a v fine textural wrinkle finish.

, WILLIAM A. WALDIE.