US2338963A - Adjustable hone - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 11, 1944. .1. J. PALOTCE ADJUSTABLE HONE Filed March 25, 1943 V 4 Sheets-Sheet l Jan. 11, 1944. J. J. PALOTCE 2,338,963

ADJUSTABLE HONE Filed March 25, 1943 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 ADJUSTABLE HONE Filed March 25, 1943 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Jan. 11, 1944. I J J o c 2,338,963

ADJUSTABLE HONE Filed March 25, 1943 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 T Illlllllll Patented Jan. 11, 1944 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ADJUSTABLE HONE John J. Palotce, Youngstown, Ohio Application March 25,1943, Serial No. 480,539

4 Claims.

This invention relates to adjustable abrasive hones, the present invention being an improvement upon the hones disclosed in my U. S. Letters Patent No. 2,269,378 dated January 6, 1942, and in my copending application Serial No. 469,714 filed December 21, 1942.

In my aforesaid patent and application an adjustable abrasive cylindrical or tapered stone hone was disclosed having a relatively small diameter, said hones being particularly adapted for grinding, machining, finishing, polishing, or boring, cylindrical bearings of relatively small diam.- eter, such as crank-shaft bearings, connecting rod bearings, wrist pin bearings, main hearings, or the like. Said hones each consisted of a spindle carrying an annular series of radially shiftable segmental stone holders each carrying a carborundum hone section, said holders and hones when fully contracted around the spindle forming an unbroken cylindrical or tapered grinding surface having spiral grooves on its exterior grinding surface. The said holders and spindle were provided with complemental tapered surfaces, means being provided for shifting the spindle axially of the holders to effect an expansion or contraction of the hone with respect to the spindle to vary the actual diameter of the I hone, said hone having means for yieldably maintaining the tapered surfaces of the holders and spindle in close contact while permitting shifting of the spindle. Said hones were also provided with indicator scales for visibly indicating the diameter to which the hones were adjusted.

One object of my present invention is to provide an improved hone of the above type for grinding relatively large bores, in which the hone segments when in half open position, are ground to cylindrical shape allowing an adjustment of diameter above and below such position; said hone having a relatively large number of hone segments presenting a larger number of honing surfaces at a large number of points around the hone, my present arrangement permitting use of as many blades as desired.

Another object of the invention is to provide a hone of the above type in which the blades may be disposed parallel with the axis of the bone, or may be disposed at an angle thereto which latter arrangement imparts better cutting facility thereto, as often a blade disposed in parallel relation will merely rub instead of grind or polish.

A further object of the invention is to provide a hone of the above type in which the stone blades may be replaceably held in the holders so that different sets of blades of different grits may be used in the same holders, and new stones may be inserted in place of worn stones in the same holders.

A still further object of the invention is to provide an adjustable hone of the above type having an anti-friction bearing disposed between one end of the series of blades and the diameter adjusting nut thereby permitting easy turning of the nut and reducing friction and wear on the tapered ends of the holders adjacent the nut, and more accurate adjustment of the hone, especially for larger hones, and also permitting use of a stiffer spring in the assembly.

Other minor objects of the invention will be hereinafter set forth.

I will explain the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings which illustrate various practical embodiments thereof to enable others familiar with the art to adopt and use the same; and will summarize in the claims, the novel features of construction, and novel combinations of parts, for which protection is desired.

In said drawings:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through one .form of adjustable stone hone embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is a partial transverse section through one form of my novel hone taken on the line 2-2, Fig. 1, showing the stones cast in the holders and showing the undercut stone holding grooves formed in the outer faces of the holders.

Fig. 3 is a partial transverse section, similar to Fig. 2, showing in a modified hone the hones cast in the holders and the grooves disposed at the center of the outer faces of the blades.

Fig. 4 is a partial transverse section, similar to Fig. 2, taken through a still modified hone, showing the stones cast in the holders, and showing the blades having straight sides.

Fig. 5 is a partial transverse section, similar to Fig. 2, taken through a still modified-hone in which the stones are cemented to the holders and the blades having straight sides.

Fig. 6 is a partial transverse section, similar to Fig. 2, taken through a still modified hone, showing the stones cast into metallic bases, and the bases removably mounted in the holders.

Fig. 7 is a partial transverse section, similar to Fig. 2, taken through a still further modified hone, showing the stones cemented into metallic bases, and the bases removably mounted in the holders.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged top plan view of a holder shown in Figs. 6 and 7, detached.

ripheral grooves in its periphery.

Fig. 13 is an end elevation of the assembly shown in F18. 12.

Fig. 14 is a side elevation similar to Fig. 12

but showing the assembly provided with parallel longitudinal grooves.

Fig. 15 1s an enlarged detail section.

Fig. 16 is a side elevation of a modified hone assembly having the stones and holders disposed at an angle to the axis of the hone.

Fig. 1'7 is a transverse section on the line II-- I1, Fig. 16.

Fig. 18 is an enlarged plan view of a stone holder used in the hone shown in Fig. 16.

Fig. 19 is a. side elevation of the holder shown in Fig. 18. 1

Fig. 20 is a bottom plan view of the holder shown in Fig. 18.

Fig. 21 is an end view of the holder shown in Fi 18.

As shown my novel hone preferably comprises a relatively long tubular pilot spindle I of relatively large diameter and of somewhat greater length than the desired abrasive surface. Upon spindle I adjacent opposite ends thereof are rings 2, is, having spaced series of circumferentially disposed enlargements 3 each having longitudinally disposed slots 4 therein provided with tapered bottom walls 5, the walls 5 sloping at the same angle and in the same direction in the rings 2-211, and the slots in the rings 22a being longitudinally aligned. Preferably each ring 2 is welded or shrunk fit upon spindle I.

Beyond the ring 2a; tubular spindle I is externally threaded as at Ia to receive the threaded bore 8a in the hub of a hand wheel 6 having a knurled peripheral wall 9b and having a web 80. In the outer wall 8b of wheel 8 are a series of holes 8d adapted to receive, if necessary, a tool to effect rotation of wheel 8 on spindle I. Within the adjacent end of spindle I is a head I having a peripheral flange Ia welded, riveted or bolted in place therein, said head having an axially disposed bore lb internally threaded as at 'Ic to receive the threaded shank 8a of a handle 8 of non-circular cross-section whereby the spindle I may be held against rotation when rotating hand wheel 8.

In the opposite end of tubular pilot spindle I is a tubular member 9 making a sliding fit therein, member 9 being of substantial length and having an outer head I0 carrying an internal axially disposed cylindrical portion II. The inner end of member 9 is closed by a wall I2 having a central hole I2a for the passage of a bolt I3 having its outer end threaded into a fixed head I4 mounted by rivets, bolts or welding within the spindle I as shown in Fig. 1. Bolt I3 is provided with an enlarged head I9a slidably disposed within cylindrical portion II of member 9. A spring I5 is disposed around bolt I3 between head I34; and wall I2 normally tending to draw member 9 inwardly of the spindle I but yieldably permitting the member 9 to be shifted outwardly thereof against the compression of spring I5.

The inner end of spring I! is centered on wall I2 by means of a centering cup I8 01' light metal or the like having an axial hole through which bolt I3 passes. Mounted upon the outer end of member 9 is an annular conical flange II for the purpose hereinafter described. In the outer end of head I311 of bolt I3 is a diametrical slot I 3c for engagement with a screw driver or other tool whereby bolt I3 may be threaded into fixed head The pairs of aligned slots 4 of the enlargements 3 of rings 2--2a on spindle I are adapted to slidably support a plurality of metallic blade holders [8, said holders extending substantially the full length of the spindle and beyond said rings 2- 2a, said holders I8 being mounted as an annular series around the spindle I and being of such individual width that the sides thereof will substantially'abut when the holdes I8 are fully retracted (Figs. 2, 3, 4 and6). Each holder I8 is provided with a recess holding therein an abrasive stone I9 of carborundum or other honing material which may be cast or cemented or removably held in the related holder; said hones I9 extending radially outwardly beyond the outer faces of the holders I8 and having arcuate outer peripheries whereby the peripheries of all the hones I9 when their holders I8 are in approximately halfopened position will together form a cylindrical grinding surface. In the form shown in the drawings 18 such holders and hones are provided in the assembly, but a greater or lesser number may be used.

Figs. 2 to 7 and 15 show various types of stone blades I9 and holders I8 which may be used. In Fig. 2, the holders I8 have undercut recesses I80. in their outer edges I8b and at their centers I8a into which the carborundum hones I9 are cast. In Fig. 3 a similar construction is shown in which the edge recesses I8?) are omitted. The holders I8 of Figs. 2 and 3 have radially disposed side walls I8e which are adapted. to substantially abut the side walls of adjacent holders when the blades are fully contracted, and the side Walls I911. of hones I9 form continuations of the side walls I8e of the holders. In Fig. 4 the holders I8 have parallel side walls I812 but the hones I9 are otherwise of same general shape and cast into the recesses I8a of holders I8 in the same manner as above described in connection with Fig. 3, the side walls 29a of the hones extending beyond the side walls of I8d of the holders. In Fig. 5 the recesses I8e in the holders I8 are straight-sided and receive correspondingly-shaped ribs I9e on the hones I9 which are cemented into place therein, the side walls I917 of the hones forming continuations of the parallel walls I8d oi the holders I8.

In Fig. 6 the holders I8 are similar to those shown in Fig. 4 and provided with central undercut recesses I So; but the hones I9 are cast into metallic base plates 28conforming in size and shape with the general shape of the outer faces of the holders I8 and having undercut projections 20f fitting the undercut recesses I8a, the plates 20 with the hones I9 cast therein being then slipped endwise into place in the blades I8 and held therein by set screws 2| (Fig. 15) tapped through the sides of the holders I9 and adapted to press upon the inclined side walls of the undercut portions 20 of base plates 20, thereby forcing the plates 20 and their hones I9 downwardly into position in the holders I8 for accurate honing. In Fig. '7 a similar arrangement is shown involving a modified type of holder I8 and hone I9, the hone being'cemented rather than cast into the metallic base plate 20. The type of hone and holder shown in Figs. 6, 7 and 15 which utilizes a base plate 20 pressed from sheet steel or similar metal, permits provision of renewal of hones I9, or interchangeability of said hones, so that hones I9 of various different grades or grits may be used with the same holders I8, coarser hones I9 being used for cutting, finer hones for polishing motor cylinders, and very fine grit hones for honing soft metal such as bearings.

On the underside of each holder I8 is a rib I871. having spaced tapered inner edge portions- I8ic conforming with the taper of the bottom walls of slots 4 of the spindle enlargements 3, said ribs IBh slidably fitting the slots 4, the walls thereof serving as guides for the holders, whereby each of the holders I8 when shifted axially of the spindle I may be moved radially inwardly or outwardly thereof, but are at all times prevented from lateral movement thereof. Each of the tapered surfaces I8lc are of greater length than their corresponding tapered surfaces 5 of enlargements 3.

At each end of each holder I8 is a projecting lug I8m tapered on its upper face as at I8n, one end entering and directly engaging the conical head I! carried by the slidable member 9, as shown in Fig. 1. Engaging the other tapered end "in of each holder I8 is an antifriction bearing 22 (Fig. 1) having one race 22a beveled to conform with the taper I811. of the holder I8 and engaging same directly. The other race 22?) of the anti-friction hearing has its outer face seated in an annular recess 6a: in the adjacent face of hand wheel 6, and is centered thereby, so that as hand wheel 6 is rotated .the bearing 22 permits easy turning of said wheel and more accurate adjustment of the hone, which is a very desirable feature especially for large diameter hones, since the bearing 22 also permits the use of a stiffer spring l5 while reducing friction and wear on the tapered surfaces I8n.

By the above construction the ends of the holders I8 are maintained upon the spindle I, the same being confined between the head I! and the race 22a of bearing 22. The distance between the head I! and race 22 however is variable, owing to the provision of spring I5 interposed between the fixed bolt head I3a and the inner wall I2 of tube 9, and thus the conical holder engaging faces of the head I1 and outer race 22a. are permitted to engage the correspondingly shaped ends I811, of the holders I8 in all retracted or projected positions of the holders I8 to thereby yieldably maintain the tapered surfaces I810 of the holders I8 in close contact with their corresponding tapered surfaces 5 of spindle I for any axially adjusted position of spindle I with respect to the holders I8.

When the parts are assembled the hone may be placed in a power grinding machine and the peripheries of all of the hones I9 when in partly or half open position shown in Fig. 1, ground accurately to form a truly cylindrical surface concentric with the axis of the spindle, thereby allowing adjustment of the diameter of the hone above and below this half opened position at which the stones are ground cylindrical. The 18 hones I9 may be varied in number, a larger number resulting in more honing surface at a greater number of points around the bores being ground.

As shown in Fig. 12 the peripheries of the hones I9 may be provided with grooves 25 extending in opposite directions which, when the holders are fully retracted, form interconnecting spiral grooves defining diamond-faced cutting faces providing recesses which will permit accumulations of cuttings and grindings to pass off to one side, which cuttings if not removed might build up the effective diameter of'the hone and throw same off-center; or the stones I9 may be provided with longitudinally extending grooves 26 (Fig. 14) running lengthwise of the hones I9.

As shown in Figs. 12 and 14, means are provided for visually indicating to the operator the diameter to which the hone is adjusted. The

periphery of wheel 6 adjacent the end of hone section I9 is provided with an annular series of graduations 21 cooperating with any of the edges of the hone sections so that when the wheel 6 is rotated relative to the spindle I- the graduations will directly indicate the change in diameter of the hone without necessitating the use of calipers or other extraneous measuring instruments.

In Figs. 16 to 21 a modified adjustable hone is illustrated which is in general similar to those disclosed in Figs. 1 to 15, but instead of the stones I9 being disposed parallel with the axis of the hone or spindle I the holders are arranged helically, that is, in such manner that the rib I8h on the underside of each holder extends diagonally of the holder, from a point adjacent one edge thereof at one end to a point adjacent the opposite edge thereof at the other end, indicated in Figs. 18 to 20. By this construction the axis of the holders I8 and the hones I9 carried thereby when mounted on the spindle assume an angularity with respect to the axis of the spindle I as shown in Fig. 16. Ribs I8 h on the holders I8 however being slidable in the axially aligned pairs of slots 4 in the enlargements 3 of the pair of rings 22a and thus move axially with respect to the axis of the spindle. Such diagonal arrangement of the blades I9 causes the same to be set at a cutting angle to the work, whereas the blades when disposed parallel with the axis of the spindle in some instances merely rub the work rather than grind or polish same. The diagonal arrangement of the blades I9 in Figs. 16-721 furthermore results in smoother and faster grinding, cutting or polishing. The hone Eli-OWn in Figs. 16 to 21 otherwise operates in the same manner as the modications shown in Figs. 1 to 15. Aside from the angularity of the ribs I8h, holders are or maybe identical with those shown in the preceding figures and the hones I9 may be cast or cemented therein,'or may be cast or cemented into metallic base plates 20, such as shown in Figs. 6 and 7, the base plates 20 with the hones I9 cemented or cast therein being held in the undercut grooves I8a in the outer faces of the holders I8 by means of set screws 2| such as shown in Fig. 15.

I do not limit my invention to'the exact forms shown in the drawings, for obviously changes may be made therein within the scope of the claims.

I claim:

1. An adjustable hone, comprising a relatively large hollow spindle; spaced series of enlargements on said spindle inset from the ends thereof, said enlargements having axially aligned slots therein provided with inclined bottom Walls s oping in the same direction; a plurality of 1ongitudinally disposed stone holders around the spindle embracing the enlargements and having ribs on their undersides provided with correspondingly inclined inner edges seating upon the inclined bottoms of th slots; segmental stones in the respective holders; extensions at the ends of the holders having opposed faces respectively inclined towards the spindle; a hand-wheel axially movably mounted on the spindle adjacent one end and having an inclined bearing portion engaging the inclined faces of the extensions at the adjacent end of the holders; a conical member yieldably mounted adjacent the opposite end of the spindle and having an inclined bearing portion engaging the inclined faces of the extensions at said end of the holders; said holders having undercut grooves in their outer faces; and said stones being fixedlysecur'ed therein.

a 2. An adjustable hone, "comprising a relatively large hollow spindle; spaced series of enlargements on said spindle inset from the ends thereof, said enlargements having axially aligned slots therein provided with inclined bottom walls sloping in the same direction; a plurality of longitudinally disposed stone holders aroundthe spindle embracing the'enlargements and having ribs on their undersides provided with correspondingly inclined inner edges seating upon the inclined bottoms of the slots; segmental stones in the respective holders; extensions at the ends of the holders having. opposed faces respectively inclined towards the spindle; a hand-wheel axially movably mounted on the spindle adjacent one end and having an'inclined bearing portion engaging the inclined faces of the extensions at the adjacent end of the holders; a conical member yieldably mounted adjacent the opposite end of the spindle and having an inclined bearing portion engaging the inclined faces of the extensions at said end of the'holders; said holders having undercut grooves in their outer faces; hone base plates on said holders having corresponding undercut ribs filling the said grooves, said stones being fixedly mounted in said base plates; and means extending through the sides of the holders and engaging the sides of the undercut ribs of the base plates for locking the base plates in the holders while urging the base plates downwardly upon the holders.

3. An adjustable hone, comprising a relativelyv large hollow spindle spaced series of enlargements on said spindle inset from the ends thereof, said enlargements having axially aligned slots therein provided with inclined bottom walls sloping in the same direction; a plurality of longitudinally disposed stone holders around the spindle, embracing the enlargements and having ribs on their undersides provided with correspondingly inclined inner edges seating upon the inclined bottoms of the slots; segmental stones in the respective holders; extensions at the ends of the holders having opposed faces respectively inclined towards the spindle; a hand-wheel axially movably mounted on the spindle adjacent one end and having an inclined bearing portion en- 7 gaging the inclined faces of the extensions at the adjacent end of the holders; a conical member yieldably mounted adjacent the opposite end of the spindle and having an inclined bearing portion engaging the inclined facesof the extensions at said end of the holders; an antifriction bearing having a race carried by the wheel and having a second race provided with a conical face engaging the inclined faces of the extensions at the adjacent end of the holders.

i. In an adjustable hone, having a spindle provided with spaced series of enlargements thereon, having axially aligned slots therein provided with inclined bottom walls sloping in the same direction; a plurality of longitudinally disposed stone holders maintained around the spindle having ribs on their undersides provided with correspondingly inclined inner edges seating upon the inclined bottoms of the slots; extensions at the ends of the holders having upper faces inclined towards the spindle; a hand-wheel axially movably mounted on the spindle adjacent one end; an anti-friction bearing having a race carried by the wheel and having a second race tapered and engaging the, inclined faces of the extensions at the adjacent end of the holders; and a conical member yieldably mounted adjacent the opposite end of the spindle and engaging the inclined-faces of the extensions at the said end of the holders.

JOHN J. PALOTCE.

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