US2327760A - Fibrous materials - Google Patents

Fibrous materials Download PDF

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Publication number
US2327760A
US2327760A US403232A US40323241A US2327760A US 2327760 A US2327760 A US 2327760A US 403232 A US403232 A US 403232A US 40323241 A US40323241 A US 40323241A US 2327760 A US2327760 A US 2327760A
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United States
Prior art keywords
grams
washing
impregnated
compounds
fibers
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Expired - Lifetime
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US403232A
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English (en)
Inventor
Bestian Herbert
Schurmann Max Otto
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Individual
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Individual
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/61—Polyamines polyimines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D203/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing three-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D203/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing three-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
    • C07D203/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing three-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D203/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing three-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with acylated ring nitrogen atoms
    • C07D203/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing three-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with acylated ring nitrogen atoms by carbonic acid, or by sulfur or nitrogen analogues thereof, e.g. carbamates
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
    • D06M13/487—Aziridinylphosphines; Aziridinylphosphine-oxides or sulfides; Carbonylaziridinyl or carbonylbisaziridinyl compounds; Sulfonylaziridinyl or sulfonylbisaziridinyl compounds
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
    • Y10T428/24595—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness and varying density
    • Y10T428/24603—Fiber containing component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2904—Staple length fiber
    • Y10T428/2909—Nonlinear [e.g., crimped, coiled, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/273—Coating or impregnation provides wear or abrasion resistance

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to fibrous materials. More particularly it relates to a process of improving the properties of cellulosic fibrous material and to the products thus obtained.
  • We have found that the wearing strength and the other properties for the practical use of 11- brous materials from natural or regenerated cellulose or mixtures containing such fibrous material may be improved to a large extent by treating them with a member of the group consisting of compounds of the general formula:
  • R stands for a member of the group consisting of aliphatic and carbocyclic radicals
  • This property is particularly- This phenomenon is particularly evident with staple fibers from viscose which were subjected to an extensive after-stretching, furthermore with artificial silk and staple fiber which were prepared according to a process of spinning by stretching; said process consists in stretching the fibers in a slowly coagulating spinning bath before hardening the threads.
  • the phenomenon just named may produce. an undesirable and a disadvantageous efiect particularly if, for instance, during a dyeing process the tissue is subjected to a scraping or rubbing or if the finished textile material is rubbed on washing.
  • the fibrous goods show, when being wet, a reduced swellin P er.
  • the impregnated material distinctly possesses water-repellent properties.
  • the fibrous goods are only difiicultly wetted by the action of moisture.
  • the material has become wet dueto a prolonged action of water, it takes up only a small portion of water owing to the reduced swelling power; it, therefore, .can rapidly be dried again.
  • the treatment described herein ends in the surprising result that the cellulose material is improved in various respects for the practical use.
  • the resistance to tearing and creasing and the water-repellent properties are enhanced; the tendency of splitting, shrinking and swelling is diminished.
  • the impregnation described may be carried out with fibrous goods consisting of pure cellulose; but mixed fibrous materials from natural or regenerated cellulose and other vegetable, animal or. synthetic fibrous materials may be subjected to the said treatment.
  • the monomeric starting compounds may be obtained by reaction of aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic and araliphatic diisocyanates with ethylene imine or the homologues thereof.
  • aliphatic diisocyanates with a straight and a branched carbon chain for instance ethylenel.2-diisocyanate, propylene 1.3 diisocyanate, butylene 1.4 diisocyanate, hexamethy1ene-1.6- diisocyanate, octamethylene 1.8 diisocyanate,- decamethylene-1.10-diisocyanate, trimethylpenq tyIene-LS-diisocyanate, 2-methyl-butylene-L4- diisocyanate, or the like.
  • the carbon'chain of the aliphatic diisocyanates may be interrupted radicals, hydrocarbon radicals, for instance methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, decyl, benzyl
  • the ethylene ureae may be used alone or in mixture with each other.
  • the impregnation may be performed in aqueous solutions or suspensions. They may be operated with dilute or with concentrated liquors. For instance'a quantity of 10-200 grams per liter of the derivatives of diurea may be used, but with inferior concentrations a distinct improvement of the properties of the material treated is also attained.
  • the impregnation may be carried out at room temperature or at a raised temperature, if necessary in the presence of wetting agents.
  • the impregnating devices suitable for the present purpose are for instance a foulard, a washer-Jigger, a boiling and crabbing machine. After the impregnation, the material is squeezed or centrifuged and then dried. For this purpose the material is suitably heated to an elevated temperature, if necessary after a previous drying at a low temperature.
  • the diethylene-ureae may also be used together with monoethylene-urea, as they are prepared by condensation of monoiso-cyanic acid esters with ethyleneimine and the homologues thereof.
  • hydrophobing agents and softening agents or dressing agents such as polyvinyl alcohol, sodium polyacrylate, ammonium poly-methacrylate, water-soluble salts of interpolymerization products from vinyl compounds, for instance vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, styrene,
  • a fabric of spun rayon is impregnated at 30 C. in a liquor containing per liter 150 grams of the diurea of the following formula:
  • the material is thoroughly squeezed between rubber rollers so that the tissue still contains 100 per cent of liquor.
  • the material is then dried at 50 C. and-the dried tissue is further heated for '20 minutes at 140, C. v
  • the tissue thus obtained is substantially resistant to creasing.
  • the resistance to creasing is substantially retained even after a three times washing (the material was washed for 20 minutes at C. with 5 grams of soap per liter of water) 3.
  • a fabric of cotton or staple fiber from viscose is impregnated at 30 C. in a liquor containing per liter grams of the diurea of the following formula:
  • a fabric of staple fiber from viscose is impregnated at 30 C. with a liquor containing per liter 100 grams of the diurea of the following formula:
  • the material is squeezed, dried and further baked for half an hourat 130 C.
  • a tissue is thus obtained which, contrary to the non-treated v fabric, has only an insignificant swelling power in water or dilute alkalies and which, on washing,
  • the fabric is resistant to shrinking.
  • a tissue of staple fiber from viscose is impregnated at 25 C. in a liquor containing in suspension per liter 10 grams of the diurea of the following formula:
  • the fabric is squeezed, pre-dried at 80 C. and then further heated for minutes at 140 C.
  • the tissue thus treated shows a strongly hydrophobic character which is retained even when the tissue treated is washed.
  • a cotton fabric is impregnated at 40 C.-
  • the fibers treated as herein described are 200 times more resistant to splitting when they are subjected to mechanical stress in the wet state.
  • Spun rayon is soaked, after having been cut, with a solution of 25 grams of hexamethylene-diethylene-urea per liter of water, vigorously squeezed and carefully dried at atemperature of about 50 C.
  • the artificial silk staple fiber is then curled by pressing it with grooved rollers and the curled fibers are hardened by subsequently heating them for 15 minutes to 120 C.
  • the material is squeezed and, after a pre-drying at 80 C., heated for minutes at 120 C.
  • the tissue thus obtained is distinguished, contrary to the non-treated tissue, by an agreeable and a soft touch, by a considerably improved resistance to tearing in the wet and dry state, by an essential reduction of the swelling power of the individual fibers, by a substantial resistance to creasing and shrinking and by its highly hydrophobic character.
  • the effects produced possess an excellent resistance to washing and -fulling.
  • 10 grams of N-octadecyl- N'.N'-ethylene-urea there may be used 10 grams of stearic acid methylolamide.
  • a fabric of staple fiber prepared from viscose or according to the ammoniacal copper oxide process is impregnated at 40 C. in a liquor containing per liter of water 120 grams of dimethylol-urea, 25 grams of diethylene urea of the formula:
  • a viscose artificial silk yarn is twisted and wound in this state on perforated bobbins.
  • the artificial silk is then impregnated with a solution of 30 grams of hexamethylene-diethylene-urea per liter of water, and carefullydried on the bobbins.
  • the yam is then twisted again in a twister and finally heated for half an hour to C. A curling resistant to washing is obtained.
  • a fabric of viscose staple fiber is impregnated at 25 C. in a liquor containing per liter 50 grams of the diurea of thefollowing formula:
  • R stands for a member of the group consisting of aliphatic and carbocyclic radicals, and the derivatives of the said compounds, wherein at least one hydrogen atom of the nuclear bound ethylene group is substituted by a hydrocarbon radical, and subsequently drying and baking the impregnated material.
  • R stands for a member of the group consisting of aliphatic and carbocyclic radicals, and the derivatives of the said compounds,
  • R stands for a member 01' the group consistmg of aliphatic and carbocyclic radicals, and the derivatives of the said compounds, wherein at least one hydrocarbon atom of the nuclear bound ethylene group is substituted by a hydrocarbon radical, said fibers being dried and baked after impregnation, the treated material having no tendency to split.
  • Glossy and embossed fibrous materials containing cellulose obtained by impregnating the material with a'member of the group consisting of compounds of the general formula:
  • R stands for a member of the group consisting of aliphatic and carbocyclic radicals, and the derivatives or the said compounds, wherein at least one hydrocarbon atom or the nuclear bound ethylene group is substituted by a hydrocarbon radical, and after previously drying, calendering and heating.
  • Cellulose fibrous material obtained by impregnating with hexamethylene diethylene urea of the formula:
  • Cellulose fibrous material obtained by impregnating with tetramethylene diethylene urea and subsequently drying and baking the impre nated material.
  • Cellulose fibrous material obtained by impregnating with the product of the formula Cg: 9H: l N-co-NHOcHrONH-c O-N ⁇ l 'r BESTIAN. MAX o'rro scntlRMANN.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
US403232A 1940-07-19 1941-07-19 Fibrous materials Expired - Lifetime US2327760A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2327760X 1940-07-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2327760A true US2327760A (en) 1943-08-24

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US (1) US2327760A (en, 2012)
FR (1) FR874039A (en, 2012)
NL (1) NL55567C (en, 2012)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2518963A (en) * 1946-03-18 1950-08-15 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Production of thermosetting aldehyde reaction products
US2650172A (en) * 1949-01-21 1953-08-25 American Viscose Corp Moistureproofing of nonfibrous cellulosic material
US2893892A (en) * 1953-12-10 1959-07-07 Ct Tech Ind Dit I Textile De F Method for the coating of glass threads and tissues with artificial resin
US3009831A (en) * 1958-02-10 1961-11-21 Basf Ag Impregnated films of regenerated cellulose
US3038776A (en) * 1960-05-17 1962-06-12 Leon H Chance Wrinkle resistant cellulose textiles and processes for producing same
US3039167A (en) * 1959-09-02 1962-06-19 Courtaulds North America Inc Method for improving the properties of fabrics containing cross-linked regenerated cellulose material
US3197463A (en) * 1961-03-10 1965-07-27 Stevens & Co Inc J P Certain aziridine compounds
US3218792A (en) * 1961-10-02 1965-11-23 Courtaulds Ltd Cellulosic textile material
US3519381A (en) * 1966-08-22 1970-07-07 Chevron Res Method of imparting permanent crease to fabrics containing free hydroxyl groups
US3542505A (en) * 1967-10-13 1970-11-24 Us Agriculture Treatment of textiles with aziridine-modified polyurethanes
US3642571A (en) * 1969-12-08 1972-02-15 Sun Chemical Corp A method of sizing cellulosic fibers using an n,n,-(x-alkyl)-n-carbamate{13 (n{11 {40 ,n{11 {40 -alkylen)urea
US4011613A (en) * 1975-11-18 1977-03-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture Durable-press properties in cotton containing fabrics via polymeric N-methylol reagents
US4954540A (en) * 1987-04-13 1990-09-04 Polyplastics Co., Ltd. Halogen-contained polyester resin composite and electric wire

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2518963A (en) * 1946-03-18 1950-08-15 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Production of thermosetting aldehyde reaction products
US2650172A (en) * 1949-01-21 1953-08-25 American Viscose Corp Moistureproofing of nonfibrous cellulosic material
US2893892A (en) * 1953-12-10 1959-07-07 Ct Tech Ind Dit I Textile De F Method for the coating of glass threads and tissues with artificial resin
US3009831A (en) * 1958-02-10 1961-11-21 Basf Ag Impregnated films of regenerated cellulose
US3039167A (en) * 1959-09-02 1962-06-19 Courtaulds North America Inc Method for improving the properties of fabrics containing cross-linked regenerated cellulose material
US3038776A (en) * 1960-05-17 1962-06-12 Leon H Chance Wrinkle resistant cellulose textiles and processes for producing same
US3197463A (en) * 1961-03-10 1965-07-27 Stevens & Co Inc J P Certain aziridine compounds
US3218792A (en) * 1961-10-02 1965-11-23 Courtaulds Ltd Cellulosic textile material
US3519381A (en) * 1966-08-22 1970-07-07 Chevron Res Method of imparting permanent crease to fabrics containing free hydroxyl groups
US3542505A (en) * 1967-10-13 1970-11-24 Us Agriculture Treatment of textiles with aziridine-modified polyurethanes
US3642571A (en) * 1969-12-08 1972-02-15 Sun Chemical Corp A method of sizing cellulosic fibers using an n,n,-(x-alkyl)-n-carbamate{13 (n{11 {40 ,n{11 {40 -alkylen)urea
US4011613A (en) * 1975-11-18 1977-03-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture Durable-press properties in cotton containing fabrics via polymeric N-methylol reagents
US4954540A (en) * 1987-04-13 1990-09-04 Polyplastics Co., Ltd. Halogen-contained polyester resin composite and electric wire

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL55567C (en, 2012) 1900-01-01
FR874039A (fr) 1942-07-27

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