US2322736A

US2322736A - Sugar plasticizer product

Info

Publication number: US2322736A
Application number: US419168A
Authority: US
Inventors: Nathan R Pike; Paul H Kelm; Jr George A Mclaren
Original assignee: APPLIED SUGAR LAB Inc
Current assignee: APPLIED SUGAR LAB Inc; APPLIED SUGAR LABORATORIES Inc
Priority date: 1941-11-14
Filing date: 1941-11-14
Publication date: 1943-06-22
Anticipated expiration: 1960-06-22

Description

COATING n PLASTlC CROSS REFERENCE aatented June 22, 1943 Search Room SUGAR PLASTICIZER PRODUCT Nathan R. Pike, New Rochelle, N. Y., Paul H. Kelm, Fort Lee, and George A. McLaren, Jr., West Englewood, N. J., assignors to Applied Sugar Laboratories, Inc., New York, N. Y., a

corporation of New York No Drawing. Application November 14, 1941, Serial No. 419,168

4 Claims.

This invention relates to compositions of matter containing a sugar as, for example, dextrose, levulose, invert sugar and the like incorporated with an adhesive such. for example, as an animal or vegetable glue. In such compositions the function of the sugar is to serve primarily as a plasticizer or softening agent, thereby promoting flexibility, freedom from excessive shrinkage, warping and curling. Typical examples of such compositions are glues used in the manufacture of paper boxes, bookbinders glues, padding glues, glues for laminating papers, advertising displays, and mounting and finishing operations. Other examples are compositions used in making printers rollers.

In making such compositions the monosaccharide may be mixed with an animal glue such as bone glue or hide glue, or with a vegetable glue such as may be made from the various starches and their conversion products.

In such adhesives the monosaccharides in general may be employed. Of course, the commonest and most readily available among the monosaccharides are dextrose, levulose, invert sugar and mixtures of these substances as such or with other sugars, dextrines and the like. The use of such monosaccharides has a number of advantages including economy as compared with the use of glycerine, but are also attended with certain disadvantages. For example, when used in conjunction with animal or protein glue an undesirable tanning action of the monosaccharide or sugar on the glu takes place. Another disadvantage which has been claimed to exist in some cases at least, is that the sugar does not provide as satisfactory or efficient a plasticizer or softening action as glycerine.

It is an object of this invention to so treat the sugars as to remove the disadvantages and improve them in other respects.

As above stated, the monsaccharides in general may be employed, although it is desirable for reasons of economy to use the more readily available monosaccharidcs such as dextrose, invert sugar and the like.

In accordance with this invention the monosaccharide as, for example, dextrose or invert sugar, is treated and reacted with an alkaline bisulfite. By this term is meant the alkaline bisulfites in general and including as species thereof sodium bisulfite and potassium bisulfite. It is believed that the explanation of the advantages of th invention rests in the formation of an addition product of the alkaline bisulfite with the aldehydic or ketonic structure of the sugar.

Whatever the theory may be, the fact remains that sugars treated in accordance with the present invention are markedly improved in respect of their use for th purposes stated. The addition or reaction product effects a stabilizing action. In addition, it improves the softening and plasticizing function of the sugar, prevents the darkening thereof when used in conjunction with adhesives, and when employed as a component of a composition containing an animal or protein glue prevents the undesirable tanning action thereof. Furthermore, it has been observed that aid addition or reaction product acts as a buffer, thereby preventing the development of undue acidity, and stabilizes the pH of the various compositions in which it is employed at a desirable value of approximately 6.2. Another advantage is the fact that the addition or reaction product acts as a preservative or antiseptic and prevents the development of mold growth or decomposition.

For purposes of illustrating the preparation of a typical reaction product in accordance with the present invention, the following is given:

Example 1.--Invert syrup of 82 Brix is reacted with 10 percent sodium bisulfite in dry form based upon the dry sugar content of the syrup. This is heated to C. and maintained at that temperature with agitation until the bisulfite is dissolved The mixture is allowed to cool and is then ready for use and may be shipped as such to a point of disposal to b used as a substitute for the sugars or glycerines which are now conventionally and commonly employed for that purpose.

As a typical instance of the manner in which said new product may be employed as such sub stitute, the following is given:

Example 2.--One part by dry weight of glue is soaked in one part by weight of water for from 1 to 2 hours to soften up the glue. To this, with constant agitation and at a temperature of approximately 70 C., there is added one part by weight of the product produced as in Example 1 above. Agitation is continued and the temperature held at about 70 C. until a homogeneous mixture is obtained.

Such a composition has been compared under severe conditions with a composition similarly made up but containing the unreacted invert sugar syrup. The composition containing the reacted syrup was found to be free from tanning action, to have and to maintain a color even lighter than that of the glue itself, and to be markedly superior in flexibility under conditions of extremely low relative humidity. It was also observed that the composition containing the unreacted syrup had tendencies towards mold growth and decomposition, which tendencies did not appear in the composition containing the reacted syrup.

As above stated, the treated sugar of the present invention may be employed, in general, as a component of adhesives, as for example, the vegetable glue adhesives and silicate adhesives as well as those made from animal glue, and may also be advantageously employed generally in compositions of a plastic or adhesive nature in which sugars and giycerine have conventionally been employed.

It is to be understood that the invention is applicable to various products containing monosaccharides, e. g.. mixtures of monosaccharides with disaccharides and polysaccharides, as for example a syrup containing or consisting of (a) sucrose and dextrose or (b) sucrose and invert sugar or (0) sucrose and levulose or (d) dextrin and dextrose or (e) maltose and dextrose or (f) commercial glucose containing maltose, dextrin and dextrose. Numerous other combinations and mixtures, containing a monosaccharide, to which the invention is advantageously applicable will,

in the light of the foregoing, be apparent to those skilled in the art.

We claim:

1. A composition of matter comprising a sub stance selected from the group consisting of animal and vegetable glues incorporated with the reaction product of a monosaccharide and an alkaline bisuifite.

2. A composition of matter comprising a substance selected from the group consisting of animal and vegetable glues incorporated with the reaction product of dextrose and an alkaline bisulfite.

3. A composition of matter comprising a substance selected from the group consisting of animal and vegetable glues incorporated with the reaction product of levulose and an alkaline bisulfite.

4. A composition of matter comprising a substance selected from the group consisting of animal and vegetable glues incorporated with the reaction product of invert sugar and an alkaline bisulfitc.

NATHAN R. PIKE. PAUL H. KELM. GEORGE A. MCLAREN, JR.